TheSTyle Book

TheSTyle Book

forUniversity of CincinnatiDepartment of Athletics

Grammar Reminders

A. NOUN/VERBAGREEMENT Cincinnati andteamaresingularnounsandthereforetakesingularverbsandthepronounit. Bearcats isapluralnounandthereforetakespluralverbsandthepronounthey.Example: The Cincinnati football team has won five of its last six games. The Bearcats have won three of their last four road games.

B. PLURALSvs.POSSESSIVES WordslikeBearcats andteamsareplural,whileBearcats’andteam’sarepossessives.Example: The Bearcats have nine letterwin-ners returning. The Bearcats’ roster includes three first-year players. Eight teams are competing in the tournament. The team’s banquet will be on Saturday. Its isapossessiveofasingularnoun.It’sisacontractionmean-ing it is.Example:UC has won its first eight games. It’s the team’s best start in 12 years.

C. RELATIVEPRONOUNS Cincinnati (andotherschoolnames)andteamtakewhich andof which.Bearcats (andothernicknames),playernamesandposi-tionnamestakewhoandwhom.Examples:UC, which advanced to the NCAA tournament last season, is led by senior Cedric McGowan, who is averaging 15.6 points and 4.5 rebounds per game. McGowan, whom many consider the best forward in the BIG EAST Conference, ranks No. 2 on Cincinnati’s career scoring list with 1,458 points. The Bearcats, who finished first in the BIG EAST during the regular season, will take on West Virginia in the first round of the conference tourna-ment.

D. CAPITALIZATION 1. Capitalizetitlesonlyiftheyareformaltitlesuseddirectlybeforeanindividual’sname.Uselowercaseatalltimesfortermsthatarejobdescriptionsratherthanformaltitles.Aformaltitlegenerallyisonethatdenotesascopeofauthority,professionalactivityoracademicaccomplishmentsospecificthatthedesigna-tionbecomesalmostasmuchanintegralpartofanindividual’sidentityasapropernameitself.Othertitlesserveprimarilyasoccupationaldescriptions.Examples:President Clinton, Governor Thompson, President Nancy Zimpher, Director of Athletics Mike Thomas, Athletics Media Relations Director Mike Harris, the ticket director, Head Coach Mick Cronin, an assistant athletics director.

2. Capitalizethenamesofschoolsinwhichstudentareen-rolled,butdonotcapitalizemajorsunlesstheyarepropernouns.Examples:an economics major; majoring in psychology, an English major; enrolled in School of Education.

3. Donotcapitalizethenamesofacademicdegrees.Ex-amples:He received his bachelor’s degree in journalism in 1981 and a master’s in sports administration in 1984.

4. Capitalizegeographicalregions,butdonotcapitalizedirections.Examples: The Bearcats head south for their spring break trip on Saturday. Cincinnati travels to the East Coast next week. The University of Cincinnati is regarded as one of the finest engineering schools in the Midwest.

Style Guidelines

A. HONORS 1. Donotcapitalizethenameofanhonorteam(exceptall-Americateams)unlessitincludesapropernoun.Examples:all-state, all-conference, all-district, all-Catholic League, all-Ohio, all-BIG EAST Conference, all-MAC.

2. Anindividualteammembermaybecalledanall-Ameri-can,butuseall-Americainallothercases.Examples:Cincinnati swimmer Tom Smith was a two-time all-American. He earned all-America honors in 1991 and ’92.

B. NUMBERS Exceptforthespecialcaseslistedbelow,spelloutwholenum-bersbelow10;usefiguresfor10andabove. Exceptions a. Spelloutnumbersatthebeginningofsentences(Elevenletterwinnersgraduated). b. Usefiguresforscores(a4-3win)anddates(October7). c. TheBigTenConferenceshouldalwaysbereferredtoassuch.DonotuseBig 10. d. UseRomannumeralsforNCAAaffiliationsanddistricts:Divisions I, II and III; District V. e. Heightsshouldbeindicatedbyhyphenatingnumbers(a6-10center). f. RankingsandseedsshouldbeindicatedwithNo.(No.4seed,rankedNo.6) g. Usefigureswhenusingtheof form:he was 2-of-4 from the line, 6-of-8 passing.

C. HYPHENATION 1. Whenacompoundmodifier—twoormorewordsthatexpressasingleconcept—precedesanoun,usehyphenstolinkallthewordsinthecompoundexcepttheadverbveryandalladverbsthatendinly.Examples:a first-quarter touchdown, a 25-point performance, the 22-year-old quarterback, four game-winning goals, a highly qualified coach. 2. Whenamodifierthatwouldbehyphenatedbeforeanounoccursinsteadafteraformoftheverbtobe,thehyphenusuallymustberetainedtoavoidconfusion.Examples:The coach is well-known. The player is soft-spoken. She scored the game-winner. He was a member of the all-BIG EAST first-team. 3. Whenanadjectivecombineswithtwoormorenounstomodifythesamenoun,ahyphenshouldfolloweachoftheadjectives.Example: He qualified for the 50-, 100- and 200-yard backstroke events.

ACoSIDA Academic All-America®, academic all-BIG EAST WhenreferringtoAcademicAll-Americahonors,alwaysuse“CoSIDAAcademicAll-America®”whendescribingthehonor.Ifanindivid-ualisnamedtothedistrictsquad,refertothehonoras“academicall-district.”Donotusethereference“AcademicAll-America”atthedistrictlevel. Also,donotuse“AcademicAll-America”withreferencetoothercoaches’all-academicteams.

accept, except Accept meanstoreceive;except meanstoexclude.

AFC American Football Conference doesnotneedtobespelledout.

affect, effect Affect,asaverb,meanstoinfluence:The game will affect the standings. Effect,asaverb,meanstocause:He will effect many changes in the team. Effect,asanoun,meansresult:The effect was overwhelming. He miscalculated the effect of his actions.

afterwardNotafterwards.

ages Alwaysusefigures.Whenthecontextdoesnotrequireyears oryears old,thefigureispresumedtobeyears.Agesexpressedasadjectivesbeforeanounorassubstitutesforanounusehyphens:A 5-year-old boy,butthe boy is 5 years old. The woman, 26, has a daughter 2 months old. The coach is in his 50s (noapostrophe).

all- Lowercaseaunlessusedtostartasentence.Afterthehyphen,uselowercaseunlessitincludesapropernoun:all-area, all-confer-ence, all-region, all-Catholic League, all-America, all-MAC, all-Ohio.

All-America, All-AmericanTheAssociatedPressrecognizesonlyoneAll-Americafootballandbasketballteameachyear.Infootball,onlyWalterCamp’sselectionsthrough1924,andtheAPselec-tionsafterthat,arerecognized.DonotcallanyoneanAll-AmericaselectionunlessheislistedoneithertheCamporAProster.Useall-Americaforthoseselectedtootherteams. SimilarlydonotcallanyoneanAll-America basketball playerunlessanAPselection.Instead,useall-America. UseAll-Americanorall-Americanwhenreferringspecificallytoanindividual:all-American Pat Richter,orHe is an all-American. UseAll-Americaorall-Americawhenreferringtotheteam:All-America team,orKodak all-America selection.

all-America, all-American Lowercaseaunlessusedtostartasen-tence.Useall-Americanwhenreferringspecificallytoanindividual:all-American Wayne Embry, he is an all-American. Useall-Americawhenreferringtotheteam:all-America team, an all-America selection.

all-freshman team

all-BIG EAST Conference, all-BIG EAST Lowercaseaunlessusedtostartasentence.

all-star, all-star game Capitalizeall-staronlyifusedwithspecificteamorgame:state all-star team, McDonald’s All-Star Game.

all time, all-timeAnall-time high,butthe greatest runner of all time.Avoidthetermall-time record.

alma mater

alumnus, alumni, alumna, alumnae Usealumnus (alumni intheplural)whenreferringtoamanwhohasattendedaschool.Usealumna (alumnae intheplural)forsimilarreferencestoawoman.Usealumni whenreferringtoagroupormenandwomen.

a.m., p.m.Lowercase,withperiods.Avoidtheredundant10 a.m. this morning.

annual Aneventcannotbedescribedasannual untilithasbeenheldinatleasttwosuccessiveyears.Donotusethetermfirst an-nual.Instead,useinaugural,ornotethatthesponsorsplantoholdaneventannually.

apg Acceptableabbreviationforassists per game whenusedinparentheses:(5.1 apg)

archrival

Associated Press APonsecondreference.Becauseitisnotapub-licationitdoesnotneedtobeitalicized.

AstroTurf Atrademarkforatypeofartificialgrass.

at-large

Athlete of the Year, Athlete-of-the-Year Award

athlete-of-the-year(adj.), athlete of the year (n.)Capitalizeifusedaspartofanofficialtitle:Jim Jones was the BIG EAST Athlete of the Year, the athlete-of-the-year award.

athletics department

athletics director/director of athleticsCapitalizeonlywhenuseddirectlybeforeanindividual’sname:the athletics director’s office, Director of Athletics Mike Thomas or Athletics Director Mike Thomas. Abbreviation:AD,notperiods.

athletics media relations department, athletics media rela-tions office

athletics media relations directorCapitalizeonlywhenuseddirectlybeforeanindividual’sname:the athletics media relations di-rectors met in Chicago, Athletics Media Relations Director Mike Harris.

athletics ticket office

Atlantic Coast Conference ACConsecondreference.

Atlantic 10 Conference

Bback to back, back-to-back Smith and Jones scored back to back to lead the Bearcats to victory. They had back-to-back goals.

backboard, backcourt, backfield, backhand, backstop, back-stroke

back up, backup Back upisusedasaverb,whilebackupcanbeeitheranounoradjective:He needs to back up. He is an able backup.

He was a backup quarterback.

backward Notbackwards.

ball carrier

baseball terms ballclubballparkballplayerbaselinebullpencenterfieldcenterfielderdoubleheaderdoubleplayearnedrunaveragefairballfastballfirstbasefirstbasemanfoulballfoultipground-ruledoublehomeplatehomerunleft-handerlinedrivelineup(n.)majorleague(s)(n.)major-league(adj.)major-leaguer(n.)outfielderpassedballpinchhit(v.)pinch-hit(n.,adj.)pinchhitter(n.)pitchoutputout(v.)putout(n.)RBI(s),RBIs(pl.)rundownshortstopshutout(v.)shutout(n.,adj.)strikezonewildpitch

basketball termsbackboardbackcourtballhandlingbaselinedouble-doublefieldgoalfoullinefoulshotfreethrowfree-throwlinefrontcourtfrontline(n.)frontline(adj.)full-courtpressgoaltendinghalf-courtpress

halftimehookshotjumpballjumpshotlayupman-to-manmidcourtoffguardpivotmanpointguardpowerforwardshot-blockersmallforwardthree-pointfieldgoaltipoff(v.)tip-off(n.,adj.)triple-double

Bearcats NeveruseCats

GoBEARCATS.comProperwaytospellwebsite.Unacceptableusagesinclude:GOBEARCATS.com,Gobearcats.comorwww.GoBearcats.com

because, sinceUsebecausetodenoteaspecificcause-effectrelationship:He went because he was told. Sinceisacceptableinacausalsensewhenthefirsteventinasequenceledlogicallytothesecondbutwasnotitsdirectcause:He went to the game, since he had been given tickets.

benefit, benefited, benefiting

Big Ten Conference NotBig 10 Conference.

Bowling Green AcceptablereferenceforBowling Green State University.

breaststroke

CCal.- UsethisformforUniversityofCaliforniaschools:Cal.-Santa Barbara.

Cal. State- UsethisformforCaliforniaStateUniversityschools:Cal. State-Northridge, Cal. State-Bakersfield.

Championship AtournamentinwhichanynumberoftitlistsisdeterminedisaChampionship.DonotuseChampionshipstorefertoasingleevent,suchastheBIG EAST Conference Tennis Cham-pionships.Similarly,donotusetermssuchasdistricts,regionals,nationalsorNCAAs. AChampionshipisatournamentheldtodetermineatitlist.Achampionshipisthetitleitself:Cincinnati won the championship at the 1994 BIG EAST Conference Tennis Championship.

cities Exceptforthoselistedbelow,citiesshouldbefollowedbythestateabbreviationintextualmaterial:a Tulsa, Okla., native.Thefollowingcitiescanstandalone:AtlantaBaltimoreBoston

ChicagoCincinnatiClevelandDallasDenverDetroitHonoluluHoustonIndianapolisLasVegasLosAngelesMiamiMilwaukeeMinneapolisNewOrleansNewYorkOklahomaCityPhiladelphiaPhoenixPittsburghSt.LouisSaltLakeCitySanAntonioSanDiegoSanFranciscoSeattleWashington

Cin/CINAbbreviationmaybeusedinboxscores;neverintext.

UCForUniversityofCincinnati.Noperiodsbetweenletters.UseintextpermissibleafteraninitialuseofUniversityofCincinnatiorCincinnatiBearcats.

class listingsSpelloutclassyearsintextualmaterial.Inrosters,abbreviateasFr., So., Jr.andSr.Ifaperson’sacademicstandingandathleticeligibilityaredifferent,useathleticeligibility.

coach Capitalizeonlywhenusedwithoutaqualifyingtermbeforethenameofthepersonwhodirectstheteam:Director of Athletics Joe Smith signed Coach Steve Wilson to a new multi-year contract. Ifcoach isprecededbyaqualifyingword,lowercaseit:third base coach Ed Davis, assistant coach Mike James, tennis coach Dave McDonald. Lowercasecoach whenitstandsaloneorissetofffromanamebycommas:The coach called a time-out. The coach, Herb Sendek, was charged with a technical.

co-captain

co-champion

College Sports Information Directors of America CoSIDAonsecondreference.

colors Whenlistingschoolcolors,capitalizethecolorsanduseand ratherthan&inbetween:Red and Black, Old Gold and Black.

conference Capitalizewhenreferringtoaspecificconferenceorwhenthenameoftheconferenceisimplied;lowercaseinallotheruses:The BIG EAST Conference, the Conference expanded in 2005, four conferences will have at least one new member in 1995.

cross countryNohyphen.

currently Oftenanunneededword:He is currently leading the conference in scoring.

Ddates AlwaysuseArabicfigureswithoutst,nd,rdorth:June 17,notJune 17th.

days of the week Donotabbreviateintext.Forschedulesandtabularformats,abbreviateusingthreeletterswithoutperiods:Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat.

dean’s list Lowercaseinalluses.

decades UseArabicfigurestoindicatedecadesofhistory.Useanapostrophetoindicatenumeralsthatareleftout;showpluralbyaddingtheletters:the 1940s, the ‘90s, the mid-1940s.

differentTakestheprepositionfrom,notthan.

directions and regionsIngeneral,lowercasenorth,south,east,west,etc.whentheyindicatecompassdirection;capitalizethesewordswhentheydesignateregions:The Bearcats head south for their spring break trip on Saturday. UC travels to the East Coast next week. He is one of the best players in the Midwest.

EElite Eight Donotusequotationmarks.

emcee Formaster of ceremonies.NotMC.

emdash TotypeadashonaPC,holddowntheAlt and shift keysandtypetheHyphen keyonce(—).ThisispreferredoversimplyhittingtheHyphen keytwice(--).Nospacesarenecessaryinfrontoraftertheemdash,especiallywhentypingforpublicationpur-poses.

empty-net goal, empty-netter

en route Alwaystwowords.

ERA Acceptableinallreferencestoearned run average.DonotuseE.R.A.

Ffarther, further Farther referstophysicaldistance;further referstoanextensionoftimeordegree:He throws farther than any quarter-back in the league. They will look further into the incident.

Fax NotFAX.

Final Four AcceptableonlyasareferencetotheNCAAbasketballfinals.Forallothersports,useNCAA Championship.

first-team He was named to the all-BIG EAST first-team, a first-team selection.

football termsballcarrierballclubendlineendzonefacemaskfaircatchfieldgoalfourth-and-one(adj.)fullbackgoallinegoal-linestandgoalpostH-backhalfbackhalftimehandoffI-formationkickoff(v.)kickoff(n.,adj.)linebackerpitchoutplacekickplace-kickerpoint-after-touchdown(PAT)runback(n.)runningbacksplitendtackles-for-losstailbacktightendtouchbacktouchdown

fractionsSpelloutamountslessthan1instories,usinghyphensbetweenthewords:two-thirds, four-fifths, seven-sixteenths.Usefiguresforpreciseamountslargerthan1,convertingtodecimalswheneverpractical.

freestyle

Ggame plan

game-winner

gate Capitalizewhenreferringtoaspecificgate;lowercaseinotheruses:Enter the stadium at Gate 21. The gate will be closed at halftime.

goals-against average

golf termsbirdie,birdiesbogey,bogeys,bogeyedfairwaytee,teeoff(v.),tee-off(adj.) NUMBERS:Usefiguresforhandicaps:He has a 3 handicap; a 3-handicap golfer, a handicap of 3 strokes, a 3-stroke handicap. Usefiguresforclubratings:a No. 5 iron, a 5-iron, a 7-iron shot, a 4-wood. Usefiguresforparlistings:He had a par 5 to finish 2-up for the round; a par-4 hole, a 7-under-par 64, the par-3 seventh hole.

grade point averageGPA acceptableonsecondreference.

groundstroke

Hhalfback, halftime

Hall of Fame, Hall of Famer

heights Usefigures.Tom Jones, 5-9, is expected to start at point guard. Johnson, a 7-0, 240-pounder, will start at center.

homecoming Capitalizeonlyifusedasanofficialname:the home-coming game, the homecoming queen, Homecoming 1994.

hopefully Itmeansinahopefulmanner.Donotuseittomeanitishoped,letushopeorwehope.It is hoped that the team will repeat as champions. The coach looks hopefully toward next season.

Iinclude Useinclude tointroduceaserieswhentheitemsthatfol-lowareonlypartofthetotal:The 68-man roster includes 12 players from Ohio and eight from Illinois. Usecomprise orcomposed of whenthefulllistofindividualelementsisgiven:The roster comprises four seniors, four juniors, five sophomores and two freshmen. The starting lineup is composed of four freshmen and one junior.

initialsUseperiodsandnospacewhenanindividualusesinitialsinsteadofafirstname.A.C. Green

injuriesTheyaresufferedorsustained,notreceived.

irregardlessRegardlessiscorrect.

it’s, itsIt’sisacontractionforit isorit has.Itsisthepossessiveformoftheneuterpronoun:It’s been a long time. The team won its first Mid-American Conference title.

Jjunior, senior AbbreviateasJr.andSr.onlywithfullnamesofper-sonsoranimals.Donotprecedebyacomma.Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.ThenotationIIor2ndmaybeuseifitistheindividual’spreference.

Lleft hand(n.),left-handed(adj.),left-hander(n.)

letterman, lettermen, letterwinner

liaison

like, asUselikeasaprepositiontocomparenounsandpronouns.Itrequiresanobject:Jim blocks like a pro.Theconjunctionasisthecorrectwordtointroduceclauses:Jim blocks the linebacker as he should.

locker room

Loyola (IL) AcceptableabbreviationforLoyolaUniversity-Chicago,Ill.

-lyDonotuseahyphenbetweenadverbsendingin-lyandadjec-tivestheymodify:a highly ranked team, a badly injured shoulder.

Mmagazine names Capitalizeanditalicizemagazinenamesbutdonotplacetheminquotes.Lowercasemagazineunlessitispartofthepublication’sformaltitle:Harper’s Magazine, Newsweek maga-zine, Time magazine.

majorsDonotcapitalizeacademicmajorsunlesstheyarepropernouns:economics major; English major.

master of arts, master of scienceAmaster’s degreeoramaster’sisacceptableinanyreference.

master of ceremoniesEmceeisacceptable.DonotuseMC.

media Thisisapluralnoun;thesingularformismedium:The media are invited to attend all Bearcats news conferences.

media conferencePreferredoverpress conference.

Miami (OH) AcceptableabbreviationforMiamiUniversity.

Miami (FL) AcceptableabbreviationfortheUniversityofMiami.

Cincinnati Athletics Hall of Fame

mid- Nohyphenunlessafigureorcapitalizedwordfollows:mid-term, midsemester, midseason, mid-Atlantic, mid-30s.

Mid-American Conference MAC onsecondreference.

midnight Donotputa12 infrontofit.

millions, billions Usefigureswithmillion orbillion inallexceptcasualuses:I’d like to make a million dollars. The project is expected to cost $5.3 million.

months Capitalizethenamesofmonthsinalluses.Spelloutwhenusingalone,orwithayearalone.Whenamonthisusedwithaspe-cificdate,abbreviateonlyJan., Feb., Aug., Sept., Oct. Nov.andDec. AlwaysspelloutMarch, April, May, June andJuly intextualmaterial. Whenaphraselistsonlyamonthandayear,donotseparatetheyearwithcommas.Whenaphrasereferstoamonth,dayandyear,setofftheyearwithcommas:January 1972 was a memorable month for the Bearcat basketball team. Jan. 4 was the most memo-rable day of the month. The Bearcats’ next game is Feb. 15. March 3, 1976, was the day the Bearcats’ realized their postseason dreams. Inschedulesandtabularmaterial,usethesethree-letterformswithoutaperiod:Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec.

more than Notinterchangeablewithover.Morethan isusedwithfigures:More than 12,000 fans attended the game.Overreferstospatialrelationships:The plane flew over the stadium.

Most Valuable Player MVPisacceptableinallreferences.

Mr. BasketballDonotusequotationmarks.

Nnational anthemLowercase.But:“The Star-Spangled Banner.”

NBA National Basketball Association doesnotneedtobespelledout.

National Honor Society

National Invitation Tournament NotNational Invitational Tourna-ment.NIT,withnoperiods,onsecondreference.

National Letter of Intent

NCAA National Collegiate Athletic Association doesnotneedtobespelledout.

NCAA regional tournaments Donotcapitalizeregional:NCAA Southeast regional, NCAA Midwest regional. Thewordtournament isnotneeded.

NCAA tournament Lowercasetournament.

newspaper namesCapitalizeanditalicizenewspapernamesbutdonotplacetheminquotes.Capitalizetheinanewspaper’snameifthatisthewaythepublicationpreferstobeknown.Lowercasethebeforenewspapernamesifastorymentionsseveralpapers,someofwhichusethe aspartofthenameandsomeofwhichdonot.

NFC National Football Conferencedoesnotneedtobespelledout.

NFL National Football League doesnotneedtobespelledout.

NHL National Hockey League doesnotneedtobespelledout.

No.Useastheabbreviationfornumberinconjunctionwithafiguretoindicatepositionorrank:No. 1 seed, ranked No. 15 in the nation.

noon Donotputa12 infrontofit.

O-of- Usefigureswhenusingtheof form:he was 2-of-4 from the line, 6-of-8 passing.

office Capitalizeofficewhenitispartofagroup’sformalname:Office of Management and Budget.Lowercaseallotheruses,suchasticket office, athletics media relations office, athletics office.

Olympics Capitalizeallreferencestotheinternationalathleticcontestsheldeveryfouryears:the Olympics, the Summer Olympics, the Olympic Games, the Games, the Olympic Festival, the Olympic Trials, an Olympic-sized pool.Lowercaseotheruses:a beer-drinking olympics.

on Donotuseonbeforeadateordayoftheweekwhenitsabsencewouldnotleadtoconfusion:The tournament will be held Saturday. The title game will be Jan. 21.

one- Hyphenatewhenusedinwritingfractions:one-half, one-third.Usephrasessuchashalforthirdifprecisionisnotintended.

one-sided

one time, one-timeHe did it one time. He is a one-time winner.

over Itisnotinterchangeablewithmore than.Morethanisusedwithfigures:More than 12,000 fans attended the game.Overreferstospatialrelationships:The plane flew over the stadium.

PPacific-10 Conference Pac-10isacceptableinalluses.

Pan-American Games Pan-Am onsecondreference.

part time, part-timeHyphenatewhenusedasacompoundmodi-fier:She works part time. He is a part-time starter on the team.

percent Oneword.Donotusethe%sign.Percent takesasingularverbwhenstandingaloneorwhenasingularwordfollowsanofconstruction:The teacher said 60 percent was a failing grade. He said 50 percent of the membership was there.Ittakesapluralverbwhenapluralwordfollowsanofconstruction:He said 50 percent of the members were there.

percentages Usefigures:1 percent, 2.5 percent.

play-by-play

player-of-the-year(adj.), player of the year (n.)Capitalizeifusedaspartofanofficialtitle:Jim Jones was the BIG EAST Conference Player of the Year, he was a player-of-the-year candidate.

playoff, playoffs (n.andadj.)

point guard

pompon squad Notpom-pom.

postgame, postseason Nohyphensneeded.

ppg Acceptableabbreviationforpoints per game whenusedinparentheses:(12.1 ppg)

pregame, preseason Nohyphensneeded.

premier, premiere Premier (adj.)meansfirstinstatusorimpor-tance,orfirsttooccurorexist.Apremiere (n.)isafirstperformance:The Big EAST is the premier conference, the team’s premier season was 1899, the season premiere is Saturday.

press conference Media conferenceornews conferenceispre-ferred.

Proposition 48Prop 48isalsoacceptable.

provincesNamesofprovincesaresetofffromcommunitynamesbycommas,justasthenamesofU.S.statearesetofffromcitynames.Donotabbreviate:The team will travel to Halifax, Nova Scotia, for an exhibition contest.

publicationsItalicizethenamesofpublications.HesubscribestoSports Illustrated.HewasnamedtotheCincinnati Enquirerall-areateam.

Qquarterfinal

Rradio/TV stationsThefirstreferencetoanyradiostationshouldbethestation’scalllettersandband,withfrequencyanoption(ex:WLW-AM,WCKY-AM1530,WXIX-TV,WLWT-TV).Subsequentrefer-encesshouldusethestation’shandle(ex:700WLW,1530HOMER,FOX19)orjustthecallletters.(ex:WLW,WCKY,WLWTorChannel5)

regular season (n.),regular-season (adj.)

relay events Asmallxwithdistancefiguresisacceptableusagefortrackandswimmingrelaysquads,withnospacebeforeorafter:The 4x400-meter medley relay squad placed second.

recordAvoidthetermall-time recordortheredundantnew record.

record holder

record-setting (adj.)

redshirt

right hand (n.),right-handed (adj.), right-hander (n.)

rpg Acceptableabbreviationforrebounds per game whenusedinparentheses:(6.3 rpg)

runner-up, runners-up

Sscores Usefiguresexclusively,placingahyphenbetweenthetotalsofthewinningandlosingteams:The Bearcats defeated the Bobcats 4-3, the Bearcats scored a 12-6 victory over the Villanova, the golfer had a 5 on the first hole but finished with a 2-under-par 34. Useacommainthisformat:UC 77, Indiana 74.

season opener, season-opening The Bearcats play their season opener on Sept. 7. A 24-7 season-opening win.

seasonsLowercasespring,summer,fall,winterandderivativessuchasspringtimeunlesspartofaformalname:fall schedule, Winter Olympics, spring break.

second-team He was named to the all-BIG EAST second-team, a second-team selection.

semifinal

shut out (v), shutout (n.)

SIU-CarbondaleAcceptableabbreviationforSouthernIllinoisUniversity-Carbondale.

SIU-EdwardsvilleAcceptableabbreviationforSouthernIllinoisUniversity-Edwardsville.

Southeastern Conference SEC onsecondreference.

spring break

stadium, stadiums Capitalizeonewhenpartofapropername:a packed football stadium, Nippert Stadium.

state Lowercaseinallstate ofconstructions:the state of Ohio, the states of Illinois and Indiana.

state names Spelloutthenamesofthe50U.S.stateswhentheystandaloneintextualmaterial.Usethestateabbreviationslistedbelowinconjunctionwiththenameofacity,town,villageormilitarybaseintext:Four players are from Ohio. He is a Madison, Wis., native. EIGHTNOTABBREVIATED:Thenamesofeightstatesareneverabbreviatedintext:Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas andUtah.MemoryAid:SpelloutthenamesofthetwostatesthatarenotpartofthecontiguousUnitedStatesandofthecontinentalstatesthatarefivelettersorfewer. PUNCTUATION:Placeonecommabetweenthecityandthestatename,andanothercommaafterthestatename,unlessendingasentence:The team was traveling from Austin, Texas, to Albuquerque, N.M. Smith, a native of Chicago, Ill., was named team MVP.

Intextualmaterial,usetheabbreviationsontheleft.Intabularmaterial,usethetwo-letterpostofficeabbreviationsontheright:Ala. ALAlaska AKAriz. AZArk. ARCalif. CAColo. COConn. CTDel. DEFla. FLGa. GAHawaii HIIdaho IDIll. ILInd. INIowa IAKan. KSKy. KYLa. LAMaine ME

Md. MDMass. MAMich. MIMinn. MNMiss. MSMo. MOMont. MTNeb. NENev. NVN.H. NHN.J. NJN.M. NMN.Y. NYN.C. NCN.D. NDOhio OHOkla. OKOre. ORPa. PAR.I. RIS.C. SCS.D. SDTenn. TNTexas TXUtah UTVt. VTVa. VAWash. WAW.Va. WVWis. WIWyo. WY

Street & Smith’s NotStreet and Smith’s.

Sweet 16 Donotusequotationmarks.

sweat pants, sweat shirt, sweat suit

swimmingIdentifyeventsas100-yard freestyle,200-yard back-stroke,etc.onfirstreference.Condenseto100 freestyle,200 back-strokeonsecondreference.

Tteammate

teleconference

telephone numbers Usefigures,withparenthesesaroundtheareacode:(608) 262-1811

tennis scoresUsefiguresandlistwinnersfirst.Indicatetie-break-ersinparenthesesafterthesetscore:Bob Jenkins defeated Steve Davis 2-6, 6-3, 6-2, 7-6 (11-9).

their, there, they’re Theirisapossessivepronoun:They went to their locker room. Thereisanadverbindicatingdirection:We went there for a tournament. They’reisacontractionforthey are.

ticket office Useathletics ticket office.

tie-breaker

time element Avoidsuchredundanciesaslast Tuesday ornext Tuesday. Thepast,presentorfuturetenseusedfortheverbusuallyprovidesadequateindicationofwhichTuesdayismeant:The team will play Tuesday night. The squad will return Tuesday.

time-out

timesUsefiguresexceptfornoonandmidnight.(Thereisnosuchthingas12 a.m.or12 p.m.)Useacolontoseparatehoursfromminutes:11 a.m., 1 p.m., 3:30 p.m.Avoidsuchredundanciesas10 a.m. this morning,10 p.m. tonightor10 p.m. Monday night.Fortimesonthehour,the:00isnotnecessary:3 p.m. , 4 a.m.,not3:00 p.m., 4:00 a.m. Toindicateaperiodoftime,separatethebeginningandendingtimeswithahyphenandnospacebetween:Practices are scheduled from 1:30-4 p.m.Onlyonea.m.orp.m.isneeded,unlessthetimeperiodincludesbothtimeframes:Players will be available at media day from 11 a.m.-1:30 p.m.

titles Ingeneral,confinecapitalizationtoformaltitlesuseddirectlybeforeanindividual’sname. LOWERCASE:Lowercaseandspellouttitleswhentheyarenotusedwithanindividual’sname:The athletics director issued a state-ment. Contact the athletics media relations director for credentials. Lowercaseandspellouttitlesinconstructionsthatsetthemofffromanamebycommas:Cincinnati’s athletics director, Mike Thomas, made the announcement. Brian Kelly, the Bearcats’ head coach, will be the emcee. FORMALTITLES:Capitalizeformaltitleswhentheyareusedimmediatelybeforeoneormorenames:Director of Athletics Mike Thomas, Athletics Media Relations Director Mike Harris, Head Coach J. Kelley Hall. Aformaltitlegenerallyisonethatdenotesascopeofauthor-ity,professionalactivityoracademicaccomplishmentsospecificthatthedesignationbecomesalmostasmuchanintegralpartofanindividual’sidentityasapropernameitself:President Bush, Chancellor Ward, Director of Athletics Tom Daily.

titlist

Top Capitalizedwhenreferringtopollsandrankings:the AP Top 20, a Top 25 team, he ranks in the Top 10 in six of nine categories.

toward Nottowards.

track and field Donotuseacolonbeforetimesgiveninsecondsandtenthsofasecond.Use6.0,9.4,10.1,etc.Extendtimestohun-dredthsifavailable:9.45. Fortimesinvolvingminutes,secondsandtenthsofasecond,useacolonbetweentheminuteandsecondlistings:3:36.1 Inrunningevents,thefirsteventshouldbespelledoutas:100-yard dash.Laterreferencescanbecondensedtophrasessuchasthe 100, the 400,etc. Forhurdleandrelayevents,theprogressioncanbe:100-meter hurdles, 200 hurdles,etc. Forfield-eventdistances,usefigures,separatedbyhyphens:26- 1/2for26 feet, one-half inch;25-10 1/2for25 feet, 10 1/2 inches,etc.

transfer, transferred, transferring

travel, traveled, traveling, traveler

T-shirt

TV Acceptableasanadjectiveorinsuchconstructionsascable TV.Butdonotnormallyuseasanoununlesspartofaquotation.

UUCATSAcronymforUniversityofCincinnatiAthleticsTeamSchol-arships.ItispermissibletoutilizeUCATSasfirstreference.

UCLA AcceptableonallreferencestotheUniversityofCalifornia-LosAngeles.

United Press International UPI onsecondreference.

university Capitalizewhenreferringtoaspecificuniversityorwhenthenameoftheuniversityisimplied;lowercaseinallotheruses:UniversityofCincinnati, the University was founded in 1819, four universities will be represented at the tournament.

University of Cincinnati Useasafirstreferenceintext,wheneverpossible.Afterinitialreference,UCandBearcatsmaybeusedinterchangeablywithCincinnati.Note:TheremaybeoccasionsincopywritingwhereitisdesirabletouseBearcatsasthefirstrefer-ence;whenthisoccurs,UniversityofCincinnatishouldbeusedinthenextreference,andthatreferenceshouldoccurveryneartotheinitialreference.

USA Today

Vversus Abbreviateasvs.inalluses.

volley, volleys

Wwalk-on

Washington University in St. Louis AcceptablenameforWash-ingtonUniversity.

weigh in (v.), weigh-in (n.)

weightlifting

weights Toindicatestudent-athleteweightsintextualmaterial,usefiguresfollowedby-poundor-pounder:Johnson is a 240-pound center. Wilson, a 325-pounder, will start his 20th straight game.

weight room

well- Hyphenateaspartofacompoundmodifier:He is a well-known coach. He is well-respected.

workout (n., adj.), work out (v.)

Yyardage, yard lines Usefigures:The 5-yard line, the 10-yard line, a 5-yard pass play, he plunged in from the 2, he ran 6 yards, a 7-yard gain.But:a fourth-and-two play.

years Usefigures,withoutcommas.Useanswithoutanapostro-phetoindicatespansofdecadesorcenturies:the 1940s, the 1800s.Yearsaretheloneexceptiontothegeneralruleinnumeralsthatafigureisnotusedtostartasentence:1976 was a very good year. Toindicateaperiodofyears,separatewithahyphenandnospace:Bennett coached from 1981-91.

ZZIP codes Runthedigitstogetherwithoutacomma,anddonotputacommabetweenthestatenameandtheZIPcode:Cincinnati, OH 45221.

UC Athletics FacilitiesThepropernamesandreferencesoftheUniversityofCincinnati’sathleticsfacilitiesare:

Proper Name Familiar NameFifthThirdArenaatShoemakerCenter FifthThirdArenaGettlerStadium GettlerStadiumKeatingAquaticsCenter KeatingAquaticsCenterMargeSchottStadium MargeSchottStadiumMyrlShoemakerCenter ShoemakerCenterNippertStadium NippertStadium OtherNamedportionsofthestadium CarsonField JohnandDorothyHermaniesPressBox Herschede-ShankPavillionO’VarsityWay O’VarsityWay Referstothewalkwayleadingtothesouthentranceofthe

LindnerCenterbetweenSheakleyLawnandtheTrabert-Tal-bertTennisCenter

RichardE.LindnerVarsityVillage VarsityVillage ReferstoUC’son-campusathleticsfacilitiesplantRichardE.LindnerCenter LindnerCenter Referstothebuildinghousingalloftheathleticsadministra-

tiveunits.Othernameportionsofthebuilding: StuartGarrisonFootballSuite BobGoinTeamRoom JackyLeeLockerRoom DaleMcGuirrBusinessSuite NancyHamantAcademicCenter GeorgeandHelenSmithAthleticsMuseum JackTwymanTraditionsLounge FacultyClub PrideShopRaymondD.SheakleyLawn SheakleyLawn ReferencetothelawnareaimmediatelysouthofLindner

CenterTrabert-TalbertTennisCenter Trabert-TalbertTennisCenter

Lacrosse TermsCatching:Theactofreceivingapassedballwiththecrosse.

Checking:Theactofattemptingtodislodgetheballfromanopponent’sstick.

PokeCheck:Astickcheckinwhichtheplayerpokestheheadofhisstickatanopponent’sstickthroughthetophandbypushingwiththebottomhand.

SlapCheck:Astickcheckinwhichaplayerslapstheheadofhisstickagainsthisopponent’sstick.

Cradling:Thecoordinatedmotionofthearmsandwriststhatkeepstheballsecureinthepocketandreadytobepassedorshotwhenrunning.

Cutting:Amovementbyanoffensiveplayerwithouttheball,towardtheopponent’sgoal,inanticipationofafeedandshot.

Feeding:Passingtheballtoateammatewhoisinpositionforashotongoal.

Passing:Theactofthrowingtheballtoateammatewiththecrosse.

Scooping:Theactofpickingupalooseballwiththecrosse.

Screening:Anoffensivetacticinwhichaplayernearthecreasepositionshimselfsoastoblockthegoalkeeper’sviewoftheball.

Shooting:Theactofthrowingtheballwiththecrossetowardthegoalinanattempttoscore.

GLOSSARYOFMEN’SLACROSSETERMSAttackGoalArea:Theareadefinedbyalinedrawnsidelinetoside-line20yardsfromthefaceofthegoal.Oncetheoffensiveteamcrossesthemidfieldline,ithastensecondstomovetheballintoitsattackgoalarea.

BodyCheck:Contactwithanopponentfromthefront-betweentheshouldersandwaist-whentheopponenthastheballoriswithinfiveyardsofalooseball.

Box:Anareausedtoholdplayerswhohavebeenservedwithpen-alties,andthroughwhichsubstitutions“onthefly”arepermitteddirectlyfromthesidelineontothefield.

Check-up:Acallgivenbythegoalietotelleachdefendertofindhismanandcallouthisnumber.

Clamp:Aface-offmaneuverexecutedbyquicklypushingthebackofthestickontopoftheball.

Clearing:Runningorpassingtheballfromthedefensivehalfofthefieldtotheattackgoalarea.Crease:Acirclearoundthegoalwitharadiusofninefeetintowhichonlydefensiveplayersmayenter.

Crosse(Stick):Theequipmentusedtothrow,catchandcarrytheball.

DefensiveClearingArea:Theareadefinedbyalinedrawnsidelinetosideline20yardsfromthefaceofthegoal.Oncethedefensive

teamgainspossessionoftheballinthisarea,ithastensecondstomovetheballacrossthemidfieldline.

ExtramanOffense(EMO):Amanadvantagethatresultsfromatime-servingpenalty.

Face-Off:Atechniqueusedtoputtheballinplayatthestartofeachquarter,orafteragoalisscored.Theplayerssquatdownandtheballisplacedbetweentheircrosses.

Fast-Break:Atransitionscoringopportunityinwhichtheoffensehasatleastaone-manadvantage.

GroundBall:Alooseballontheplayingfield.

Handle(Shaft):Analuminum,woodenorcompositepolecon-nectedtotheheadofthecrosse.

Head:Theplasticorwoodpartofthestickconnectedtothehandle.

ManDownDefense(MDD):Thesituationthatresultsfromatime-servingpenaltywhichcausesthedefensetoplaywithatleastaonemandisadvantage.

MidfieldLine:Thelinewhichbisectsthefieldofplay.

On-The-FlySubstitution:Asubstitutionmadeduringplay.

Pick:Anoffensivemaneuverinwhichastationaryplayerattemptstoblockthepathofadefenderguardinganotheroffensiveplayer.

Pocket:Thestrungpartoftheheadofthestickwhichholdstheball.

Rake:Aface-offmoveinwhichaplayersweepstheballtotheside.

Riding:Theactoftryingtopreventateamfromclearingtheball.

Release:Thetermusedbyanofficialtonotifyapenalizedplayerintheboxthathemayre-enterthegame.

UnsettledSituation:Anysituationinwhichthedefenseisnotposi-tionedcorrectly,usuallyduetoalooseballorbrokenclear.

Logo Usage

C-Paw

CinCinnaTi BearCaTS word Mark - large BearCaTS

BearCaTS word Mark

CinCinnaTi word Mark

CinCinnaTi BearCaTS word Mark - large CinCinnaTi

headline FonT - Friz QuadraTa

TexT FonT - Myriad roMan

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