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The Thesis StatementThe Thesis StatementNotesNotes
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The thesis statement is asentence that clearly andconcisely indicates the subject
of your paper, the main pointsyou will cover, and the orderin which you will discuss them.
It is not the subject; it is aninterpretation of the subject.
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Important Thesis NotesImportant Thesis Notes
A thesis statement is a declarativestatement. It is not a title, a fragment, ora question.
Example:Question: Why are biofeedback techniques
excellent methods of stress reduction?
Thesis: Because of its simplicity, accuracy,and lack of toxicity, biofeedback is often asuccessful technique for migraine relief.
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A thesis statement is an arguable
idea, not a fact.
Fact: Cortez conquered Mexico in 1509.
Thesis: The colonial mentality which
prompted Cortez's barbaric invasion
of Mexico brought about not an
advance of native society but a
destruction of Aztec culture.
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A thesis statement is not an announcement of
the author's purpose or assignment.
Announcement: In this paper I will discuss the
causes and effects of the French Revolution and
then argue as to whether or not it was
successful.
Thesis: Though the reasons for the French
Revolution were noble liberty, fraternity, equality
the effects were devastating, ultimately leadingto the unsuccessful reinstitution of the monarchy
and the restructuring of a classist society into a
militaristic one.
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A thesis statement is not obvious.
Obvious: Litter creates pollution of the environment.
Thesis: Recycling programs, though expensive at
first, are ultimately an efficient, cost effective, and
environmentally sound means of reducing waste
in our environment.
Obvious: The computer was an important
technological advancement in the twentieth
century.
Thesis: Even though computers have theiridiosyncrasies, they have improved our lives
tremendously by simplifying word processing,
streamlining data storage, and promoting an
international exchange of information.
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A thesis statement is specific and
narrowed and is not a broad
overgeneralization.
Broad: Men are chauvinists.Narrow: Men who repress their true
feelings leave themselves open to
physical, psychological, andrelationship difficulties.
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A thesis statement covers only
one topic.
Many topics: The theme, characters,
setting, irony, conflicts, viewpoint,
and plot all contribute to making
Madame Bovary a tragedy.
One topic: Flaubert's Emma Bovary is a
tragic character because, never seeing
reality, she misses some important clues thather life has gone awry, and she falls from her
social "height" into prostitution.
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A thesis statementA thesis statement focuses thefocuses the
essay and guides itsessay and guides its
direction.direction.
UnfocusedUnfocused: Martin Luther King, Jr. is a role: Martin Luther King, Jr. is a role
model for everyone to follow.model for everyone to follow.
FocusedFocused: Because of his determination, his: Because of his determination, his
courage to follow his beliefs and hiscourage to follow his beliefs and hisunwavering sense of justice, Martin Lutherunwavering sense of justice, Martin Luther
King, Jr. is a symbol of American freedom.King, Jr. is a symbol of American freedom.
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Your thesis needs threeYour thesis needs three
components: (TAD)components: (TAD)Topic:Topic:
The narrowed, limited subject of your paper.The narrowed, limited subject of your paper.
Attitude:Attitude:
How you will treat and interpret the subject.How you will treat and interpret the subject.
Development:Development:
The proof/points you will cover in the paper.The proof/points you will cover in the paper.
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If you were writing a paper toIf you were writing a paper to
convince your parents to let youconvince your parents to let you
have your own car, your thesishave your own car, your thesis
would not be something like:would not be something like:
Its important for me to have a car.
Why?!
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How about:How about:
Its important for me to have a car so IIts important for me to have a car so I
can take road trips.can take road trips.
Why?Why?
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What about this?What about this?
Having my own car will give meHaving my own car will give me
more freedom to explore life,more freedom to explore life,
but it will also providebut it will also providediscipline through thediscipline through the
expansion of my householdexpansion of my householdresponsibilities.responsibilities.
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Now, Consider TheseNow, Consider These
Mark Twain'sMark Twain's Huckleberry FinnHuckleberry Finn is a great Americanis a great American
novel.novel.
InIn Huckleberry FinnHuckleberry Finn, Mark Twain develops a contrast, Mark Twain develops a contrastbetween life on the river and life on the shore.between life on the river and life on the shore.
Through its contrasting river and shore scenes, Twain'sThrough its contrasting river and shore scenes, Twain'sHuckleberry FinnHuckleberry Finn suggests that to find the truesuggests that to find the true
expression of American democratic ideals, one mustexpression of American democratic ideals, one must
leave "civilized" society and go back to nature.leave "civilized" society and go back to nature.
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Where is the thesis?Where is the thesis?
Contrary to popular, parental, andContrary to popular, parental, andlibrarian opinion, 'quiet study time' doeslibrarian opinion, 'quiet study time' doesnot in fact enhance but instead impairsnot in fact enhance but instead impairs
students' productivity. Listening tostudents' productivity. Listening tomusic while studying is in fact amusic while studying is in fact abeneficial activity to add to a studybeneficial activity to add to a study
regime for better grades because of theregime for better grades because of theway music motivates students andway music motivates students andkeeps them alert.keeps them alert.
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Listening to music whileListening to music while
studying is in fact astudying is in fact abeneficial activity to add to abeneficial activity to add to a
study regime for betterstudy regime for bettergrades because of the waygrades because of the waymusic motivates studentsmusic motivates students
and keeps them alert.and keeps them alert.
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Your thesis must take a stand,Your thesis must take a stand,
be specific, and engagingbe specific, and engagingenough to justify writing about.enough to justify writing about.
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A strong thesis often containsA strong thesis often contains
words like:words like:
BecauseBecause
SinceSince
SoSoAlthoughAlthough
UnlessUnless
ThroughThroughHoweverHowever
Why?
They help
with
development!
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For ExampleFor Example
BecauseBecause half of all crack babies arehalf of all crack babies arelikely to grow up in homes lacking goodlikely to grow up in homes lacking good
mental and emotional stimulation, themental and emotional stimulation, the
federal government should financefederal government should finance
programs to supplement parental care forprograms to supplement parental care for
crack addicted infants and children.crack addicted infants and children.
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Lets break this one downLets break this one down
Because half of allBecause half of all
crack babies are likelycrack babies are likely
to grow up in homesto grow up in homes
lacking good mentallacking good mentaland emotionaland emotional
stimulation, the federalstimulation, the federal
government shouldgovernment should
finance programs tofinance programs tosupplement parentalsupplement parental
care for crack addictedcare for crack addicted
infants and children.infants and children.
Topic:Topic:
Federal GovernmentFederal Government
Attitude:Attitude:
Should Finance ProgramsShould Finance ProgramsDevelopment:Development:
1)1) Crack addicted babies areCrack addicted babies areless likely to grow up inless likely to grow up in
homes lacking goodhomes lacking goodmental stimulationmental stimulation
2)2) Crack addicted babies areCrack addicted babies areless likely to grow up inless likely to grow up inhomes lacking goodhomes lacking goodemotional stimulationemotional stimulation
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Lets Try AnotherLets Try Another
Because theinternet is filled
with tremendous
marketing
potential,
companies should
take advantage by
using web pagesthat offer both
advertising and
customer support.
Topic:Companies
Attitude:
Should use webpages that use
advertising and
customer support
Development:
The tremendous
marketing potential
of theinternet
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One moreOne more
Hungerpersists in
Appalachia
because jobsare scarce
and farming in
the infertilesoil is rarely
profitable.
Topic:Hunger in Appalachia
Attitude:Persists
Development:1)Jobs are scarce
2)Farming in infertile soil
is rarely profitable
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Your topic needs to be:Your topic needs to be:
Single:Narrow-dont try to take on so much!
Supportable:
Is there enough evidence to support
and defend your thesis statement?
Significant:
Why write about it if its not important?
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Basic Steps for Writing a ThesisBasic Steps for Writing a Thesis
StatementStatement
1. After you have decided your topic, you
need to narrow it down.
Broad:British Poetry
Narrow:Gender Characteristics in Two Poems
More Narrow:John Donnes Death Be Not Proudcontrasted with Elizabeth Barret
Brownings Sonnet 43
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2. Put your topic into a sentence.2. Put your topic into a sentence.
Elizabeth Barret Brownings
Sonnet 43isdifferent from
John Donne's "Death Be NotProud."
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3. Add your argument, viewpoint, or3. Add your argument, viewpoint, or
opinion to your topic to makeopinion to your topic to make
your thesis persuasive.your thesis persuasive.
Elizabeth Barret Brownings Sonnet43is essentially a more feminine
poem, while John Donne's "Death
Be Not Proud" is more masculine.
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4. Elaborate on your thesis so that it4. Elaborate on your thesis so that it
addresses all parts of youraddresses all parts of your
assignment.assignment.
Although Elizabeth Barret
Browningand John Donne bothpersonify death in their poems,
the tone, language, and images
are clearly feminine in Sonnet 43
and masculine in "Death Be Not
Proud."
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5. Organize your thesis to guide the5. Organize your thesis to guide the
direction of your paper.direction of your paper.
Although Elizabeth Barret
Browning and John Donne bothpersonify death in their poems the
tone, images, and language are
clearly more feminine in Sonnet43 than in "Death Be Not Proud."
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6. Edit your thesis for content, word6. Edit your thesis for content, word
choice, precision, andchoice, precision, and
mechanics.mechanics.
Although Elizabeth Barret Browning
and John Donne both personifydeath in their poems, the images,
language, and tone clearly reveal a
woman's perspective in "Sonnet43," and a man's perspective in
"Holy Sonnet 10."
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Poetry Analysis Thesis Notes:Poetry Analysis Thesis Notes:
After completing your poetry analysis, you shouldbe able to state, in your own words, thetheme ofthe poem.
Next, decide what poetic elements and techniques
evident in the poem are specifically responsible
forconveying that theme.
Now, narrow down, from the above list, the
elements and devices that you feel you can write
the most intelligently and compellingly about.
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Finally, formulateFinally, formulate
a rough thesisa rough thesis
statement.statement.Remember: it mustRemember: it must
contain TAD, and yourcontain TAD, and yourtopic must be SSS!topic must be SSS!
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** If you can, indicate in the thesis the areas
or features of the poem important to your
argument (a pattern of imagery, for instance,or a series of crucial lines). Remember, your
thesis statement must argue a point; instead
of simply saying that a poet uses certain
poetic devices, you must give some indication
in your thesis as to how those devices work
and what they do to the poem's meaning.
You do not need to go into elaborate detail inyour thesis, but do show the relationship
between the poem and your argument.
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Final WordsFinal Words
If you are struggling, here is an almost
template to use-it is very elementary, but it
works.
Through his (or her) use of______________,
___________, and ___________, Poets
Name conveys the theme_________________ in his (or her) Poem
Title.