The Transport Master Plan for Qatar - ahk- · PDF file Computer based Transport Planning...

www.ptvag.com

Computer based Transport Planning

Thomas Haupt, PTV AG

© PTV AG 2012 Computer Aided Transport Planning 2 2

The challenge

Urbanisation

> Growing motorization

> Growing (working) population

> Growing demand for transport

Need

> Provide mobility, not standstill

> Accessibility to activities &

business

> Minimise negative impacts of

transport on

> Social exclusion

> Exhaustion of natural resources

> Man-made environment

© GTZ / Gerhard Menckhoff.

© PTV AG 2012 Computer Aided Transport Planning

Steps of a Transport Master Plan process

Step 1: Current Situation > Collect data

> Where do people live? Where do they work? Where do they shop, spend their free time …? > How does today’s transport infrastructure look like? Road network, public transport network etc. > Today’s mobility patterns: What trips do they do? How many trips? For which purpose etc.?

> Represent this in a transport model (base year model) > Use state of the art software > Calibrate and validate the model

Step 2: Visions and goals for future development > Visions for development of population, economy, infrastructure, quality of life

> External influences, global trends

> Definition of scenarios

Step 3: Forecast > Development of mobility patterns, future transport demand, future transport volumes

> Requirements for future infrastructure in each development scenario

Step 4: Impact Analysis, Recommendations > Environmental impacts, requirements for future networks

> What scenarios are acceptable and are selected?

> What development of infrastructure, mobility systems and transport management are needed?

3


Systematic approach: development of a new transport

system in alliance with massive new urban developments

4

The Environment

Transport

System

Land Use

Population & Activity

Needs

Economic

Development

© PTV AG 2012 Computer Aided Transport Planning 5

2011

Land Use Forecast


2016


2021


2026


Transport Supply: Functions of Roads

Connecting function:

> Linkage of central places and transport of persons and goods between

places

Feeder function:

> Connector between specific locations for activities (living, working,

shopping, etc.) and the primary road network.

Discretionary function:

> Children playing, window shopping, sitting in street cafes, sightseeing.

Core issue of transportation network planning is to ensure that

connecting, feeder and discretionary functions of roads do not

overlap!


Transport Supply: Road Classification

> Highway/Freeway (long distance travel,

high speed and volume, Function:

connection)

> Major Arterial (through traffic, no plot

access, major bus routes, Function:

connection)

> Minor Arterial (through and local traffic

with limited plot access, major bus

routes, Function: connection)

> Collector / Distributor (access to

buildings/plots, carries main bus routes,

Function: connection, feeder)

> Access Road (access to buildings/plots,

no motorized through traffic, low speed

traffic,Function: discretionary)


2026 Do Minimum Master Plan Proposal

Free Flow Dense/ UnstableFlow Congestion


Project examples: Bus Masterplan Dubai

12

Transport demand:

desire lines


Computer aided network development

13

Simulate demand & supply Avoid parallel services of busses (green) and

metro (red)

number of passengers

(assignment weekday 2009)


Computer simulated network loading

The

resulting

network:

> Metro

> Main bus

lines

> Feeder

bus lines

14


Modelled supply: The digital road network

15


Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3 1 2 3

1

2 80

3

Demand matrix

20

20

100

Transport Demand

> Travel demand occurs when two activities (trip purpose) are specially

separated. Trip Purpose

> Home -> Work

> Work -> Shopping

> Work -> Home

> Shopping -> Home

(Home)

(Work)

(Shopping)

Urban Block

S

S

S


Projekt Example: Rio Laguna: Demand 3.30pm-4.30pm

17


Modelled intersections: Layout and signal plans


Computer Aided Signal Control

> Traffic engineering tool set

> Up to 10 daily varying signal programs

> Secured data handling


Demand + Flow + Level of service at intersections

20


Consistent & complete flow data from a Travel Demand Model

21


Signal Optimization (1)

Green time split

(based on volume/capacity)



Cycle time (minimize mean delay time)

Cycle time [s]

Mean delay

time [s]

60s 120s 90s

Considering predefined cycle

times for signal coordination



Optimal Offset Network (assignment required)


Integrated optimization

Split time

optimi-

zation

Single junction

Offset

optimi-

zation

Network

Cycle time

optimi-

zation

User

Equilibrium

Assignment

with new

signal pro-

grams & flows

Optimized

Signal

program

Signal Optimization + Network Loading (Assignment)

25

Iteration +1

Stable

Results ?

N

Y

Current

signal

program &

flows

Assignment

with

Junction

model


Optimization results: before & after comparison

Multiple Benefits:

(1) Better use of road infrastructure (flow)

(2) Less emissions (reduced number of red light

stops )

(3) Reduced travel time (better coordination)

(4) Increased productivity for traffic engineers

(5) Instant and easy adaption to changes in network

and land use


Model Example Stuttgart: Bike included

27


Land Use – Demand Relationship (General Concept)

Traffic –

Land Use

Interaction

(Traffic Spiral)

Car traffic

Land use for

roads

Emissions, noise,

accidents

Traffic increase

Reduced attraction of

pedestrian and bicycle

traffic and reduced

access to public

transport

Shift from pedestrian

to car traffic

More car traffic

Increased distances

- Within residential area

- To workplaces

- To leisure areas

= Need for more transportation


Transport Model

• Who travels at what time to which destination?

• Using which mode of transport?

• Along which route?

Land Use Plan

• Residents

• Working places

• Shopping centres

• Schools, etc.

Development Characteristics

• Regional accessibility

• Land use density

• Land use mix and distribution

Transport Supply

• Road function and classification

• Public transport network

• Modes of travel

Transport Demand

• Trip generation = f (land use density)

• Trip distribution = f (land use mix)

• Mode split (PrivateT., Public Transp)

Land Use - Transport Modelling Framework

Impact on Congestion and Accessibility

• Traffic flows, Volume-to-capacity,

• Travel times, Wait times

• Level of service, ...

Input

Output

Land Use

Assessment

Transport

Model


Transport Supply: Public Transport Network

> Link network

> PuT stops

> Transfer Points

> PuT line routes

> Timetable/Headway


Key Site Plan Concept for Public Transport

400m

(5mins walk)

High density employment with some mixed use

Mixed use with some residential

Residential with some offices and shops

Bus stop

Public transport hub

High frequency bus corridor

Rail


Land Use

Data

Traffic Assignment

Model Output

(measures of effectiveness)

Network or

Operational Deficiencies?

Roadway Network Plan

No

Yes Yes

Trip

Generation

Mode

Choice

Road

Network

Trip

Distribution

Transit

Network

Transport Model Development


Transport Model Bogota


Transport Model Sao Paulo


Mitigation

Plan

Analyze

Traffic

Conditions

Planning and Traffic Micro-simulation

> The main purpose of development traffic analysis is to recommend

mitigation plan that would ensure safe and efficient operations of all

transportation facilities after the proposed development is fully operational.


Traffic Simulation

36


Continuous planning task

After master plan is before master plan

> Dynamics in development imply derivations from assumptions

(accelerations or delays)

> Framework conditions are continuously changing

> Decisions might have be taken in a different way (derivation from plan)

Monitoring and Regular update of planning base

> Regular update of base data (land use and networks)

> Update of the transport models and transport forecasts

> Check of implementation of measures and investment plans

> Update of plans and priorities

> Re-assessment of impacts

37


The four key statements

1. Computer based transport models enable planners to

perform multi modal planning for individual and public

transport

2. Building and maintaining a transport model is an effort

which pays off when used widely, continuousely and for

several purposes

3. Solution testing and optimization: First in the computer

then in reality

4. Achieved detail levels of traffic models can be used for

operational schemes: Time tables, tariffs, signal plans

38


www.ptvag.com

PTV. Planning Transportation Visions.

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The Transport Master Plan for Qatar - ahk- · PDF file Computer based Transport Planning...

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