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Henry VIII [r. 1509-Henry VIII [r. 1509-1547]1547]
Henry VIII’s Henry VIII’s CHildrenCHildren1510 Daughter - died1510 Daughter - died
1511 Son - died1511 Son - died1513 Son - died1513 Son - died1514 Son - died1514 Son - died1516 Mary - 1516 Mary - survivedsurvived1518 Daughter - died1518 Daughter - died1533 Elizabeth - 1533 Elizabeth - survivedsurvived1534 Son - died1534 Son - died1535 unknown - died1535 unknown - died1536 Son - died1536 Son - died1537 Edward1537 Edward - - survivedsurvived
Henry VIII Henry VIII Medallion: Head of Medallion: Head of
the Church of the Church of EnglandEngland
The English ReformationThe English Reformation
• England was a likely breeding ground for Protestantism, but its advance was slow.– England had a reputation for maintaining the
authority of the crown against the pope– There were already many secret Protestants.– Humanism also influences
• England was a likely breeding ground for Protestantism, but its advance was slow.– England had a reputation for maintaining the
authority of the crown against the pope– There were already many secret Protestants.– Humanism also influences
Henry VIII and ReformHenry VIII and Reform
• Initially supported the Pope against Luther.• Henry’s first wife, Catherine of Aragon, did not
provide him a son. He wanted an annulment in order to marry Anne Boleyn, which was not granted.
• It was suggested that he declare himself supreme in English spiritual affairs, which would solve his problem.
• Initially supported the Pope against Luther.• Henry’s first wife, Catherine of Aragon, did not
provide him a son. He wanted an annulment in order to marry Anne Boleyn, which was not granted.
• It was suggested that he declare himself supreme in English spiritual affairs, which would solve his problem.
Reformation ParliamentReformation Parliament• In 1529, Parliament convened for what would be a
seven year session.– Legislation passed that eventually put the clergy under the
authority of the king.– In January 1531, the king was made officially the head of the
church in England.– 1532, published official grievances against the church.– 1534, ended all payments to Rome and gave Henry sole
jurisdiction over ecclesiastical appointments.– The same year, the Act of Supremacy declared Henry “the
only supreme head of the Church of England.”
• Despite these changes, Henry did not make many concessions to Protestant sensibilities, retaining most of the ritual and doctrinal trappings of Catholicism.
• In 1529, Parliament convened for what would be a seven year session.– Legislation passed that eventually put the clergy under the
authority of the king.– In January 1531, the king was made officially the head of the
church in England.– 1532, published official grievances against the church.– 1534, ended all payments to Rome and gave Henry sole
jurisdiction over ecclesiastical appointments.– The same year, the Act of Supremacy declared Henry “the
only supreme head of the Church of England.”
• Despite these changes, Henry did not make many concessions to Protestant sensibilities, retaining most of the ritual and doctrinal trappings of Catholicism.
After HenryAfter Henry
• When Henry died, his 10 year old son, Edward VI, took over the throne.– Ruled under several regencies.– Enacted a series of reforms, bringing the
Church of England more in line with Protestant England.
• In 1553, Edward died, leaving his Catholic half-sister Mary as queen. She quickly reversed the reforms.
• When Henry died, his 10 year old son, Edward VI, took over the throne.– Ruled under several regencies.– Enacted a series of reforms, bringing the
Church of England more in line with Protestant England.
• In 1553, Edward died, leaving his Catholic half-sister Mary as queen. She quickly reversed the reforms.
Reformation and WomenReformation and Women• The Protestant rejection of celibacy
accompanied their rejection of the Medieval tendency to degrade women as temptresses or exalt them as virgins. Instead, they praised women as mothers and housewives.
• Marriage was viewed as a partnership between man and wife.– Women had the right to divorce and remarry, just
as men did.– However, wives remained subject to their
husbands.
• The Protestant rejection of celibacy accompanied their rejection of the Medieval tendency to degrade women as temptresses or exalt them as virgins. Instead, they praised women as mothers and housewives.
• Marriage was viewed as a partnership between man and wife.– Women had the right to divorce and remarry, just
as men did.– However, wives remained subject to their
husbands.
Henry VIII at Henry VIII at Middle AgeMiddle Age
Henry’s Henry’s DeathbedDeathbed
Edward VIEdward VI
Edward VI [r. 1547-Edward VI [r. 1547-1553]1553]
Queen Mary I or Queen Mary I or “Bloody Mary”“Bloody Mary”[r. 1553 – 1558][r. 1553 – 1558]
Philip II & Mary Philip II & Mary TudorTudor
Elizabeth Elizabeth I,I,
QueenQueen
at last!at last!
r. 1558 - r. 1558 - 16031603
Queen Elizabeth I Queen Elizabeth I [1533-1603][1533-1603]
Elizabeth I Elizabeth I [1592][1592]
Map of the Spanish Map of the Spanish Armada RouteArmada Route
Mary, Queen of Mary, Queen of ScotsScots
Mary Stuart in Mary Stuart in CaptivityCaptivity
Mary, Queen of Mary, Queen of ScotsScots
[Before Her [Before Her Execution]Execution]
Execution of Mary of Execution of Mary of ScotlandScotland
Tudor TextTudor Text
• YOU NEED THIS FOR POV TEST MONDAY!!!
• Minimum: Text 404-408
• Recommended: Text 369-372, 380, 403-408
• YOU NEED THIS FOR POV TEST MONDAY!!!
• Minimum: Text 404-408
• Recommended: Text 369-372, 380, 403-408