The urban dimension in the innovation policy: Roxbury Innovation Center in Boston
Preliminary Insights from Cluster-led Initiative Analysis
Working Package No. 2 Cluster Policy and Spatial Planning
Luana Parisi – Virginia Borrello First International Workshops
MAPS-LED PROJECT 05.06-12-2016
Università “La Sapienza”, Focus Unit, ITALY
DISCLAIMER:Theinforma6onappearinginthisdocumenthasbeenpreparedingoodfaithandrepresentstheopinionsoftheauthors.Theauthorsaresolelyresponsibleforthispublica6onanditdoesnotrepresenttheopinionoftheEuropeanCommissionoritsResearchExecu6veAgency.NeithertheauthorsnortheEuropeanCommissionoritsResearch
Execu6veAgencyareresponsibleoranyusethatmightbemadeofdataincludingopinionsappearingherein.
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MAPS-LED“Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment”isaMarieSklodowska-CurieRISEresearchprojectfundedbytheEuropeanUnion’sHORIZON2020programforResearchandInnova6onundertheGrant
Agreement645651
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
The urban dimension in the innovation policy: Roxbury Innovation Center in Boston
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Outline
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis • Roxbury Innovation Center: Target Area Localization and Key Indicators; • General Description.
II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools • Innovation Policies; • Planning tools hierarchies from County to Urban Level; • Innovation-oriented tools: PDA Boston.
Conclusions • The role of Innovation Spaces as expression of knowledge dynamics; • Specificities of the Target Area and significance in respect of the European contest.
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FIRST PART Roxbury Innovation Center: Target Area Analysis
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis • Localization
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City: Boston
Neighborhood: Roxbury
Population: 69,946
Population density: Roxbury: 17,866 people per square mile Boston: 13,313 people per square mile
Population below poverty level: Roxbury: 33% Boston: 22%
Median Age: 30
Unemployment rate: Roxbury: 17% Boston: 10%
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Roxbury is one of the poorest neighborhood in Boston, also in terms of cluster’s establishments, however, the Government is implementing several development policies and regeneration initiatives to boost innovation and growth.
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2010 2011 2013
Educational Attainment
Highschoolgraduate,equivalent Somecollege,nodegreeAssociate'sdegree Bachelor'sdegreeGraduateorprofessionaldegree
0 4.000 8.000 12.000 16.000 20.000 24.000
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Population
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis • Key Indicators
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Target Area Map
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2010
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2013
Labour Force
83%
17%
Labour Market 2013
Inlabourforce Notinlabourforce
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Source: github.io/boston - OpenStreetMap
Target Area Roxbury
The unemployment rate in the Target Area ranged from 9% to 25% (2009-2013).
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
22%
41%
6%3%
10%
18%
Roxbury – Target Area - 2010
PopulationBreakdown By Race
46%
21%
8%
3%
8%
14%
Boston – 2010
32%
36%
5%3%
8%
16%
Roxbury – Target Area - 2014
45%
21%
8%
4%
6%
16%
Boston 2014
Source: http://www.bostonindicators.org/
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Target Area Roxbury
The percentage of families that had an income below the poverty level ranged from 25% to 43% in the Target Area (2009-2013).
Source: github.io/boston - OpenStreetMap
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Target Area Roxbury
The median household income in the Target Area ranged from $18,000 to $44,000 (2009-2013). Source: github.io/boston - OpenStreetMap
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis • Key Indicators
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
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OccupiedHousingUnits VacantHousingUnits
Housing Occupancy
2010 2011 2013 2014
Housing Value
Source: www.zillow.com
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Property Type
Residen6al Commercial Industrial Office Other
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis • General Description
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Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
Roxbury Innovation Center is a civic innovation center that supports local economic development by e n c o u r a g i n g i n n o v a t i o n a n d entrepreneurship.
“I want to bring the future economy to every Boston neighborhood. The Roxbury Innovation Center will be the catalyst for Dudley Square.”
Martin J. Walsh, Mayor of Boston
© Luana Parisi
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis • General Description
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Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
§ The Venture Café Foundation operates Roxbury Innovation Center as a mission-driven not-for-profit gathering and event space.
§ The Venture Café’s mission is to connect the innovation community and build a more inclusive innovation economy.
§ The Roxbury Innovation Center enhances and accelerates the innovation process through spaces, programs, and events for individuals and organizations to gather and build relationships.
§ It provides training programs and hosts open classes targeting the needs of the community.
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
© Luana Parisi
© Luana Parisi
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
I. FIRST PART: Target Area Analysis
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
SECOND PART Innovation Policies and Tools
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II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools
MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
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�II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools • Innovation-oriented tools: PDA Boston
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Metropolitan Area Planning (promotes smart growth and regional
collaboration)
City Comprehensive Plan (Implements the Zoning)
PDAs/ PUDs & other tools (EDAs,
NDAs..)
We focus on PDAs/PUDs because they are the Regulatory Processes by means of which are promoted new developments into the cities of Boston and Cambridge.
PDA: “An overlay zoning district which may be established under Article 80 where a development that is well-suited to its location cannot be accommodated by the general zoning for the area. For example, a PDA may be appropriate where a development involves a large building, a cluster of buildings, or a mix of uses.” The Planned Unit Development (PUD): zoning designation intended to create a built environment superior to that which is accomplished through conventional zoning districts. This is achieved by allowing the PUD rezoning applicant to propose the uses, development standards, and design guidelines for a site, and by doing so, entering into a collaborative review process. �
Localization of the Roxbury Innovation Center Target Area with respect to all the PDAs and PUDs of the cities of Boston and Cambridge.
�
The expansion of innovation is following the directions of the knowledge
dynamics, determining urban transformations.
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II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools
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II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools
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II. SECOND PART: Innovation Policies and Tools
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MarieSklodowska-CurieRISEMAPS-LED
Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
CONCLUSIONS
The role of innovation Spaces as expression of knowledge dynamics
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Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
ColmLydon,DeputySuperintendent,BostonPoliceDepartment(PersonalInterviewon30/06/2016)TherehasbeenahugeplantoconnectRoxburydown…Theadministra6onhopesRoxburywillbethenextSouthEndneighborhood,itwantstomakesurethatpeoplegobacktherewiththeirfamilies…KevinWiant,Execu6veDirectoroftheVentureCafèFounda6on(PersonalInterviewon25/06/2016)…Here inRoxbury every interven6on is verymuch locally focused, there are a lot of local communityoutreach ac6vi6es… people come in, involved in very produc<ve programs which give the basics ofstar6ngacompanyup,aswellasbasicsonhowtousesometechnologywhichyoumightneedtostartacompany, sowedowhatwecallstemtraining forbothadults, aswell as students…wearealsomoreac6veindoingsomestudentsprograms…Aninnova6oncenterintoadeprivedneighborhoodisanopportunity…and…OnereasonwhyMeninoadministra6onwantedanewbuildingherewastoprovidenotjustheadquartersforBostonPublicSchools,butagatheringpointforpeople…
The role of innovation Spaces as expression of knowledge dynamics
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• Through the target area analysis of the MAPS-LED project, it emerged the role of the overlay districts, as PDAs and PUDs. They can be considered as tools related to Urban Regeneration processes representing the on-going transformations in the areas, locally acting in the direction of the knowledge dynamics, as a boost for the economic development and urban competitiveness of the whole urban system.
• Possible output: it does not exist a “one size fits all”, yet this is a good example of how to trigger urban regeneration processes and augment innovation in the most lagging regions of Europe, where it can be considered a policy intervention of the S3.
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Mul6disciplinaryApproachtoPlanSmartSpecialisa6onStrategiesforLocalEconomicDevelopment
References
• AmericanCommunitySurvey
• Bostonindicators.org
• BostonPlans
• BostonRedevelopmentAuthority
• Census.gov
• City-data.com
• Cityoposton.gov
• Municode.com
• Zillow.com