The Urinary System

By: Paige Berglund &

Danielle White

Unit Learning Target:Investigate the structures of the urinary

system that help maintain homeostasis by balancing concentrations of water,

electrolytes, and hydrogen ions in the body

Learning Target: List the functions of the urinary system

(knowledge)

The urinary system

1.) Removes certain salts and nitrogenous wastes (wastes made by cellular processes)

2.) Maintains normal concentration of water and electrolytes (controlled through output in urine)

3.) Regulates the pH and volume of our body fluids

Word Bank: Processes, pH, electrolytes, output

Learning Target: Identify the structures of the urinary system and state the function

of each structure(knowledge)

Label a diagram of the urinary system

Word Bank: Bladder, Urethra, Ureters, Kidneys

1

2

3

4

Kidneys

Ureters

Bladder

Urethra

Transports urine to the bladder

Receives urine from the ureters

Carries urine from the bladder to an orifice (opening)

Helps maintain homeostasis by regulating the composition, volume, and pH of extracellular fluid

Match the 4 main structures of the urinary system with their function

Identify the structures of the kidney

Renal Pelvis

Renal Cortex

Renal Capsule

Renal Medulla

Word Bank: Renal Pelvis, Renal Medulla, Renal Capsule, Renal Cortex

1

2

3

4

Match the structure in the kidneys with the function

Renal Cortex

Renal Medulla

Renal Capsule

Renal Papilla

Renal Pelvis

Urine drains into minor calyx

Funnels urine to ureter

Covering, and maintains pressure

Site of absorption

Site of filtration

True or False:The kidneys are located on

the anterior walls of the abdominal wall?False: The kidneys are actually located on the posterior abdominal wall

What kind of tissue holds the kidneys in place?

A. Kleenex B. AdiposeC. Dense ConnectiveD. B and C

What kind of tissue protects the kidneys?

A. Dense ConnectiveB. AdiposeC. SmoothD. A and B

Functions of the kidneys include

A. Maintain pH levels and H+ ionsB. Regulate composition of electrolytesC. Filters wastesD. Secrete hormones and enzymesE. All of the above

Secretion of hormones and enzymes associated with the kidneys

Erythropoietin

Renin

Calcitriol

An enzyme that regulates blood pressure

A hormone that helps maintain calcium for bones

A hormone that stimulates bone marrow to make red blood cells

Learning Target: Using diagrams, explain the role of the nephron in

urine formation. (reasoning)

Identify nephron structures and know the function of each structure

Afferent arterioles, efferent arterioles, glomerulus, glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule

12

34

56

7

What happens to the unfiltered blood once it enters the renal corpuscle?

A. It sits thereB. It gets filteredC. Leaves directly out the urethraD. Reenters the blood stream

True or FalseDuring tubular reabsorption the

blood reabsorbs needed substances from the proximal

convoluted tubule.

TRUE!

True or False

During Tubular reabsorption additional items are added to the forming urine.

secretion

How does urine leave the nephron?

A. Collecting ductB. Peritubular capillaryC. Descending limbD. Glomerular capsule

Learning Target: What disorders are associated with the kidney and how are they treated? (knowledge)

Diabetic Kidney Disease

If glucose stays in the blood instead of breaking down, it can act like a poison,

damaging the (nephrons / renal capsule).

High Blood Pressure

Can damage the small blood vessels in the (liver / kidneys) so they cant filter wastes.

Glomerular Dieseases

This attacks the tiny blood vessels, ( glomerulus / tubules ) within the kidney.

Polycystic kidney disease

Is a genetic disorder in which many ( cysts / ulcers ) grow in the kidneys.

TYLER QUINN!!!True or False:

Dialysis is the process by which toxic compounds from the blood are removed?

TRUUUUUUUUUE

Kidney Dialysis SummarizedFUN FACT

A dialysis machine is used to remove toxic waste from the blood of a patient who has chronic kidney failure. A healthy kidney is involved in removing waste products from the blood. If the kidney ceases to function adequately the toxic waste in the blood will accumulate which can rapidly cause death.

Learning Target: Describe a normal urine sample

(knowledge)

A normal urine sample would include:

A pH of around (4.6 - 8 / 2.1 – 5)

A volume of (0.6 – 2.5 / 6.0 – 6.5) L/day

A color of (dark green / pale yellow or amber)

A clarity of (transparent or clear / cloudy)

Given the results of a urine test, determine what condition the patient

may have (skill)

Patient 2

Patient 2 is 19 year old female named Laverne. Laverne has been complaining of constant discomfort while urinating. She also has complained about a bad odor every time she goes.

When given a urine test the results showedYeast presentDarker color And a bad odorWhat can you diagnose Laverne with based on

the results of the test?YEAST INFECTION

Learning Target: Evaluate a patients test results for water,

electrolytes, and pH balance. (skill)

Why is the balance of water, electrolytes, and pH important?

Balance of water is important becauseA. Water only leaves the bodyB. Water is continuously entering the bodyC. To maintain homeostasis water is

continuously entering and leaving the body

What body system supports the urinary system in water, electrolytes, and pH

importance?A. Digestive SystemB. Urinary SystemC. Respitory SystemD. Circulatory System

Routes of water balance and regulation

When too much sweating or salt is present water content of blood is (low/high)

Then brain then produces more (ADH/Enzymes)

(Low/High) volumes of water are reabsorbed by the kidney

Urine out put is (high/low)

Routes of water balance and regulation

When too much water is present water content in blood is (low/high)

The brain then produces (more/less) ADH(Low/high) volumes of water is reabsorbed by

the kidneysUrine out put is (low/high)

Water intake is regulated by ( thirst, feces).

Water output is regulated by ( urine production, food)

True or False

The abnormal accumulation of water in the body which results in swelling is called

edema.TRUE

List routes by which electrolytes enter and leave the body

Electrolytes enter the body throughA. foodB. beveragesC. A and BElectrolytes leave the body throughA. sweat, feces, skin/lungs, urineB. sweat, water, urineC. sweat, feces, respiration

What happens when pH is not balanced?

A. Overweight, underweight, fatigue, acneB. Sores on body, odor, nauseaC. Frequent urination, diarrhea