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The USSR inthe Post-War 

Era

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Part One: From 1945Through the Death of 

Stalin, 1953

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Stalin Was Even More Cruel and

Brutal in His Last Years

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Absurd Ideas and Total Conformity

Were Forced on the Soviet People

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Artists Like Shostakovich Were

Intimidated

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Writers Were Terrorized and Killed

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The Worship of Stalin Reached New

Heights

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Soviet Films Had Cold War Themes

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Stalin Emphasized Heavy Industry in

the New Five Year Plan

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Ugly, Absurd Buildings Were Built at

Stalin¶s Orders

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Famine Swept Through Much of 

Russia in 1946

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And the Arrests, Persecutions, MassMurders, and Tortures Continued

Relentlessly Whole ethnic communities were uprooted

Huge masses of Axis POWs flooded the

Gulag Savage internal wars were waged in the

Ukraine and the Baltic States

More than 1.25 million repatriates weremurdered

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In Stalin¶s Last Years He Launched a ViciousAnti-Semitic Campaign, Culminating in the So-

Called ³Doctors¶ Plot´ in 1953

1994 Cartoon Accusing

Jews of Causing Stalin¶s

Death

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Stalin Finally Died on 5 March 1953

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Kolyma

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A Triumvirate of Leaders Took Over 

Malenkov KhrushchevBeria (Later Arrested

[June] and

Shot [Dec] )

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Part Two: From the

Death of Stalin,1953, to the Fall of 

Khrushchev, 1964

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In Eastern Europe, Unrest In Eastern Europe, Unrest 

Confronted the SovietsConfronted the Soviets

Berlin, 1953

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The Korean War Ended in JulyThe Korean War Ended in July1953, Four Months After Stalins1953, Four Months After Stalins

DeathDeath

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In February 1956 Nikita Khrushchev MadeIn February 1956 Nikita Khrushchev MadeHis SoHis So--Called Secret Speech to the 20Called Secret Speech to the 20thth

Communist Party Congress inCommunist Party Congress in MoscowMoscow

The Communist World Was Stunned

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Hungary Rose Up in Revolt in theHungary Rose Up in Revolt in the

 Autumn of 1956 Autumn of 1956

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The Revolt Was Brutally Crushed  by Khrushchev

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Strongly Catholic Poland Also HadStrongly Catholic Poland Also Had

ExtensiveExtensive UnrestUnrest in 1956in 1956

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Khrushchev Issued a GeneralKhrushchev Issued a General

 Amnesty in 1956, Clearing Out Most Amnesty in 1956, Clearing Out Most

of the GULAG·s inmatesof the GULAG·s inmates

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Khrushchev Embarked on aKhrushchev Embarked on a

Program Called DeProgram Called De--StalinizationStalinization�� Stalingrad Was Renamed Volgograd; Stalin¶sStalingrad Was Renamed Volgograd; Stalin¶s

name was removed from other cities as well.name was removed from other cities as well.

�� All over the USSR Stalin¶s pictures and statuesAll over the USSR Stalin¶s pictures and statues

disappeared.disappeared.

�� Stalin was ³purged´ from the history  books.Stalin was ³purged´ from the history  books.

�� Stalin was removed from Lenin¶s Tom b.Stalin was removed from Lenin¶s Tom b.

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 Amazingly, Khrushchev Permitted Publication of A Amazingly, Khrushchev Permitted Publication of ANovel That Dealt With the GulagNovel That Dealt With the Gulag One Day in theOne Day in the

Life of Ivan DenisovichLife of Ivan Denisovich by Alexander Solzhenitsynby Alexander Solzhenitsyn

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Russia Stunned the United States WithRussia Stunned the United States With

the Launch of Sputnik I in October the Launch of Sputnik I in October 

19571957

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Khrushchev Also Initiated What HeKhrushchev Also Initiated What He

Considered to Be EconomicConsidered to Be Economic

´Reformsµ in the Soviet Union´Reformsµ in the Soviet Union

The Virgin Lands Project Sought to

Plant Crops in Western Siberia²a

Conspicuous Failure

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In 1959 Khrushchev BecameIn 1959 Khrushchev Became

the First Russian Leader tothe First Russian Leader to

Ever Visit the United StatesEver Visit the United States

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The Kitchen Debate,The Kitchen Debate,

19591959

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Relations Between Russia andRelations Between Russia and

China Deteriorated in the 50s; inChina Deteriorated in the 50s; in

1960 Russia Suspended All Aid1960 Russia Suspended All Aidto Chinato China

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But Khrushchev Was a ToughBut Khrushchev Was a ToughOpponent of the United States inOpponent of the United States in

the Cold Warthe Cold War

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Cuba Became a Thorn in the SideCuba Became a Thorn in the Sideof the United States, with Russiasof the United States, with Russias

HelpHelp

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Khrushchev Confronted Kennedy inKhrushchev Confronted Kennedy in

 Vienna in 1961 Vienna in 1961

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Khrushchev Ordered theKhrushchev Ordered theConstruction of the Berlin Wall inConstruction of the Berlin Wall in

 August 1961 August 1961

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But by Far the Most DangerousBut by Far the Most DangerousConfrontation Was the CubanConfrontation Was the CubanMissile Crisis in OctoberMissile Crisis in October 19621962

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Khrushchev Was Removed in 1964Khrushchev Was Removed in 1964

and Replaced by Leonid Brezhnevand Replaced by Leonid Brezhnev