VERB AND ITS TYPES

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1. VERBS are the most important component of the sentence .Simply a verb talks about subjects performs action as well as state of being of subject.

2. A verb may tell us

a. What a person or a thing does.Ali laughs. The clock strikes.

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b. What is done to the person or thingHe pushed the car.He praised ALI.

Here action is performing on object

c. What a person or a thing is.He is a boy.She is a honest among us.

Here a noun “boy” and an adjective “honest” give the information about subject.

VERBS AND ITS TYPES

TYPES OF VERBS

AUXILARAY LINKING STATIVE VERB

TRANSITIVE IN TRASITIVE

REGULAR VERB IREGULAR VERB

DYNAMIC VERB

MODAL VERB

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REGULAR verbs form their past tense as well as past participle by linking “ED” with to present tense.

Defeat Defeated Defeated Develop Developed Developed

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These verbs generally form their past tense and past participle by changing vowel words

present form past tense past participleGive Gave GivenCOME CAME Come

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Helping verbs perform two role.

1.They indicate state of being.

2.they bind us in timeframe.

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STATE OF BEING OF SUBJECT

ALI is.Can it give a complete sense?we need a complement to complete sentence.

Ali is cricket player.

Here the word “cricket player” talks state of Ali as a complement.

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STATE OF TIME FRAME

when we communicate with each other we talk with some reference and time .WITHOUT MAIN VERBS and specially HELPING VERB we can not convey our message.

HELPING VERBS ARE:

Is,am,are,has,have,had,was,were,will,shall,have been

Has been,will have been,shall have been….

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STATE OF TIME FRAME

USE OF Have Has :They talk about the work which is completed at present and

something which is recently done.I have just got up.They have played well.

Use Of Had:They talk about the work which is completed in past.

When I came there they had gone.They had not completed their task.

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STATE OF TIME FRAME

USE OF IS, ARE AND AM: They talk about the work which is going on or continue AT

PRESENT.I am talking about helping verb.They are playing football.

USE OF WAS AND WERE: . They talk about the work which is going on or continue IN PAST.

He was playing well. They were doing their best.

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POSITION OF HELPING VERB

In simple sentence it is used after the subject.

He has been going to Lahore since morning.

In interrogative sentence it is used before the subject.

Have we done our work?

In negative sentence the word “not” is used after the helping verb.

Ali is not taking his responsibility.

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1. Linking verb connect subject to noun or adjective unlike most of the other verbs which tells about subject.

2. Linking verb provides some additional information about subject.3. Examples of linking verb are “is,am ,was ,were,seems,feels ,appears” etc.4. Linking verb are also called Verb of incomplete predication.

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EXAMPLES OF LINKING VERB

1. Ali is fussy about food. in this sentence subject is Ali and the linking verb is “is” Which is

connecting Ali to the subject complement “fussy about food” which is giving additional information about Ali preference.

2. They are stubborn children.

Here the linking verb is “are” which is combining subject They to adjective “stubborn”.

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DIFFRENCE BETWEEN LINKING AND HELPING VERB

2. A helping verb(also called a auxiliary verb) is a verb that use together with main verb of the sentence to express the action.

MAIN VERB+ HELPING VERB= A COMPLETE IDEAa) we have eaten.

in this sentence “HAVE” is the helping verb and “EATEN” is main verband they are use together to express action.

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DIFFRENCE BETWEEN LINKING AND HELPING VERB

I. A linking verb connect subject of a sentence with noun and adjective “is, am, are, was , were .becomes and feels are examples of linking verb.

a). She is a singer.b) She became angry.

In first example am connects subject “she” to noun “singer” and in second example became connects subject she with adjective “angry”

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DIFFRENCE BETWEEN LINKING AND HELPING VERB

2. b) They are working.in this sentence “ARE” is helping verb and “WORKING’” is main verb. They together express the complete action

In conclusion, the difference between a helping verb and a linking verb is the following:

The linking verb is used to connect subject which something that describe it.

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DIFFRENCE BETWEEN LINKING AND HELPING VERB

The helping verb is used together with additional main verb to express the complete action.

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Modal Verb are the verbs that are used to talk about ability , permissionobligation and necessity , obligation and advice , possibility , request ,

offer and suggestion. Most Modal Verbs can form question and negativesentences by themselves.

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EXAMPLES OF MODAL VERB

A. AbilityWe can use “can , could and be able to” talk about the ability.

a) Can: is used in the presentHe can play the guitar.

b) Could: is used in the past.Pakistan could win the match if they had played well.

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EXAMPLES OF MODAL VERB

B. Obligation and Necessity :we use “Must” and “Have To” to express obligation and necessity.

a) Pakistan must play well to win the next matches.b) We have to drive on left in Britain.

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EXAMPLES OF MODAL VERB

C. Obligation and advice :we use “should” , “Ought To” , “Had Better” and “Shall” to talk about obligation and advice .

a) We should respect the elders.b) He ought to learn to swim. c) I have missed my last bus. What shall I do?

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EXAMPLES OF MODAL VERB

D. Possibility :we use “May” ,“Might” and “Could” to talk about present or future possibility

a) There is someone at the door. It may be Sara.b) We might go the beach tomorrow.

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EXAMPLES OF MODAL VERB

E. Request:we use “Can” ,“Could” and “Would” to talk about present or future possibility

a) Can I ask you a pen?b) Could I ask you some questions?

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These verbs denote an actual action or expression or process done by the subject. They mean an action which can be seen or physically felt or the result of which is seen or physically felt by the object or an indirect object.

a) She buys new clothes every week.Here the verb is buys which is an action done by the subject ‘she’. Here it is a dynamic verb.

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b) He is swimming at the beach.Here again we have the definite action swimming done by the subject ‘he’,

making ‘swimming’ a dynamic verb in this sentence.

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These verbs refer to the state of the subject or the situation of the subject. Stative Verbs tell us about the state of mind of the subject, or the relation between the subject and the object.a) She prefers strawberry jam.

Here the Stative Verb is ‘prefers’ which shows the thinking of the subject “she” towards the object, which is ‘jam’.

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b) The cupboard requires a new coat of paint.Here the subject is “cupboard” and the stative verb is “requires” which is telling about the relation between the subject “cupboard” and the

object “paint”.

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Transitive verb is a verb that denotes an action which passes over from subject or doer to object or receiver in a sentence.

a) The boy kicks the football.In this sentence the action denoted by word kick passes over from subject “boy” to object “football”. The word kick therefore is called

transitive verb.

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b) Ali is painting the kitchen wall.in this sentence “painting” is the transitive verb which passes over the action from subject “Ali” to object “kitchen wall”.

Most transitive verbs take single object(direct object).But such transitive verb as give,ask,offer,promise,tell,etc,take two object after them ( a direct object and a indirect object)

a) His father gave him(indirect object) a watch(direct object).

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Intransitive verb is a verb that denotes an action which does not pass over from subject to object.

a) He ran a long distance.in this sentence there is an action verb “ran” but action is not pass over from subject to object.

b) Ali is painting.

in this sentence there is an action word but action is not passed.

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HOW TO IDENTIFY TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERB

Ali is painting the kitchen walls.Here the verb is “painting” and the subject is “Ali”.If we form the question what is Ali painting?The answer is the kitchen walls .Thus, we see that there was a specific object on which the action of painting was being done. So this verb is called transitive verb.

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HOW TO IDENTIFY TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERB

Ali is painting.Here the verb is painting and the subject is Ali.If we form the question what Ali painting?There is no answer to question .Thus, we see that there was no specific object on which the action of painting was being done. So this verb is called intransitive verb.

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HOW TO IDENTIFY TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERB

I walked to the park today.Here “walked” is a intransitive verb because “to the park” is prepositional phrase and “today” is adverb.There is no objectin the sentence which receive the action.

TH NKYOU