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Vikings
• Also called Norsemen• The word „Viking“ means „Pirate
raid“• Great seafarers• Skillful craftsmen• Their expansion ended with
Christianization• Fierce warriors
Earliest raids
• 787 - First raid in Dorset• 793 - Monastery of Lindisfarne
• Small raids common since• 865 - Large army of Danes
invaded East Anglia• Northumbria conquered
and settled by the Danes• Invasion of Wessex repelled
by Alfred the Great
Viking Invasion continues…
• Most of occupied lands captured back by the army of Wessex
• Danelaw established• 947 - New wave of viking attacks• Norwegian king Eric Bloodaxe
captured York• Sweyn I (1013-1014)• Canute the Great (1016-1035)
What happened next?
• Troubles with inheritance• Harthacanute vs. Harold Harefoot• Return of Edward the Confessor from
exile in Normandy• 1042 - Restoration of Saxon Wessex
dynasty• 1066 – Last attempt of Norwegians to
invade England, defeated by Anglo-Saxons who were in turn defeated by William of Normandy
Vikings in Scotland
• Scotland – Norwegians defeated Picts who lost their power and Kingdom of Scotland was found
• Islands off Scotland coast were part of Norway until 1468
Vikings in Wales and Cornwall
• Of all parts of nowadays Great Britain Wales was least settled by Vikings
• Vikings were not able control Wales for longer period
• Cornwall became an ally of Vikings and helped them conquer Wessex, remained independent of Vikings
Vikings in Ireland
• Ireland was devided into many small kingdoms
• Heavily settled by the Vikings• Norsemen could not conquer whole
island and were finally defeated by Irish allied forces
• High Kingdom of Ireland was founded though after danger was overthrown it felt apart