Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
TheWaterCrisisinGaza:blueprintforsolu6ons11thSharingKnowledgeAcrosstheMediterraneanConference
2 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
OverviewofInterven6ons
1.CreatingaGazaProgrammeCoordinationUnit.2.AWaterandHealthMonitoringProject.3.Improvingthedomesticwaterdistributionnetwork.4.IncreasedwaterimportsfromIsrael.5.Short-termlow-volume[STLV]desalination.6.Regional[high-volume]desalination.7.Pilotwastewatertreatmentandreuseprojects.8.Large-scalewastewaterandreuseprogrammes,afterthetreatmentplantsarecompleted.9.Improvementsintheagriculturalsector.
TheCompara,veStudyofOp,onsforSupplyofWaterfortheGazaStrip(CSO-G),issuedbyPWA in June 2011, has recommendedNine Interven6onsworking together in a rollingprogramwhichthePAhasadoptedtobecometheGazaSustainableWaterSupplyProgram
3 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
1.Improvingthedomes6cwaterdistribu6onnetwork
Currently,almost40%ofwatersuppliedthroughGaza’swaternetworkislostduetoleakagesandnetworkinefficiencies.AnyefforttoincreaseGaza’swatersupplyneedstobeaccompaniedbyimprovementstothewaterdistribu,onnetwork:• ExpandingCapacity:Thecapacityoftheexis,ngsystemneedstobeincreasedin
ordertoreceivelargerquan,,esofwater.Thisincludesthequan,,esagreeduponasPales,nianalloca,onsundertheRedSeaDeadSeaProject.
• Reducing Non-Revenue Water: The Gaza Central Desalina,on Project
includesefforts to reducenon-revenuewater, includingbeWer tariff restructuringandcollec,on and the enhancement of system efficiency in order to reduce physical andfinanciallosses.
4 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
2.IncreasedwaterimportsfromIsrael
● To meet current demands, Gaza’s water supply is dependent on thecontaminatedandover-abstractedCoastalAquifer,ofwhich96%isnon-potableaccordingtoWHOstandards.
● Increasing bulk water imports from Israel can serve as an immediate
measure to supply drinking water to Gaza as planned interven,onsadvance.
● As part of theDecember 2013 “MemorandumofUnderstanding on the
Red Sea-Dead Sea Water Conveyor Pilot Project,” The Government ofIsrael, Jordanand thePales,nianAuthority agreed that10MCMwouldbemadeavailabletoserve340,000Gazans.
● Addi6onal short-term purchases from Israel are needed to alleviate
Gaza’sdependencyontheCoastalAquifer.
5 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
3.Short-termlow-volume[STLV]desalina6on
ThefirstphaseofaShortTermLowVolume(STLV)Desalina,onfacilityinGazawasinauguratedinJanuary2017.● UNICEFled,EUfunded.● Produces2.1MCM/year● Serves75,000people
inRafahandKhanYounis● Currentelectricityshortage ImplementPhase2and3By2020:
● Addi,onalphasesof theUNICEF STLVdesalina,on facilitywill produce7.3MCM/year,serving250,000Gazans,accoun,ngfor6%ofGaza’sdrinkingwaterneeds
● Other low volume desalina,on facili,es, implemented by USAID and the IslamicDevelopmentBankwilladdressanother4.7%ofwaterneedsby2020.
6 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
4.Regional[high-volume]desalina6on
Thefirstphaseoftheplant,plannedforcomple,onby2021,willprovideanaddi6onal55MCM/yearwatersupplytoGaza.Technicalprojectcomponentsinclude:● Construc,onofthedesalina,on
plantandnecessarypowerfacili,es+connec,ontogridandgaspipeline
● Construc,onofa43-kilometerNorth-Southwatercarrier,storagereservoirs,pumpsta,onsandpipelines
● Projectimplementa,ontoreducenon-revenuewater
● Securingfinancesforconstruc,onofplant+subsidizedopera,onandmaintenanceofplantforfirst5years(EUR562million)
● Securingreliableenergysupplyfortheplant’sopera,on
● Securingthedesignatedlandforplant● Finalizingthemechanismtoallowaccess
of“dual-use”materialsandmonitorplant’sconstruc,on+opera,on
● Opera,onalizingagovernancestructureforcoordina,ngtheproject
● Ensuringfinancialandins,tu,onalsustainabilitythroughthedevelopmentofabusinessplan+andestablishmentoftheNa,onalWaterCompany
OVERVIEW ENABLERS
7 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
5.Pilotwastewatertreatmentandreuseprojects
Thepoten,alforahumanitariancrisisinGazaisexacerbatedbysewagecontamina,onofthe groundwater supply, which results from insufficient opera,on of Gaza’s sewagetreatment plants due to the lack of regular electricity supply. Various interven,ons areunderwaymi,gatethiscrisis:● TheNorthernGazaEmergencySewageTreatmentplantshouldbecompletedbythe
endof2017.Itsopera,onisdependentontheimplementa,onofthefirstphaseofthe161kVlineandestablishingaconnec,onfromthissourcetothefacility
● TheKhanYounisWastewaterTreatmentPlantisexpectedtobecompleteby2019.
● Construc,onisexpectedtostartin2017,fortheCentralGazaWastewaterTreatmentPlant.Theplant’scomple,onisscheduledfor2020.
● TheRafahWastewaterTreatmentPlantiscurrentlyopera,onal.Duetosevereenergyshortages,sewage isomenpipeduntreated intotheMediterraneanSea.By2018,anini,a,vetoaddsolarenergyinfrastructuretotheplantwillbecomplete.
8 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
6.WaterSectorReform
Thecrea,onofanins,tu,onallyandfinanciallysustainablewatersectorinGazarequirestheacceleratedrestructuringandreformofwatersectorins,tu,ons.Thisreformwasprescribedby:● The2009Ac,onPlanforReformofthe
Pales,nianWaterSector● The2014WaterLaw● The2016-18WaterSectorReformPlan.Componentsofthewatersectorreforminclude:● Cost-recoverymechanisms● Tariffregula,on+theadop,onofaunifiedtariff● Establishmentofregionalwateru,li,esanddevelopmentofu,lityregula,on● EstablishmentoftheNa,onalWaterCompany● Regula,onforabstrac,onandlicensing
9 Confidential & Proprietary – Not for distribution
ThankYou