THE WHITE PAPER · economy in the United States reached $10.8 trillion USD in 2016, comprising...

THE WHITE PAPER

Catalog1. Overview................................................................................................................1

2. Background.......................................................................................................... 2

3. The Present Situation........................................................................................4

4. IDA Asset Digitisation.......................................................................................7

4.1 A New Horizon of Value Creation.......................................................... 8

4.2 Value Creation........................................................................................... 12

4.3 Technology Overview..................................................................................... 19

4.3.1 Blockchain Technology........................................................................ 19

4.3.2 Digital Assets........................................................................................22

4.3.3 Technological Solutions....................................................................... 23

4.4 A Co-engineered Strategy......................................................................24

4.4.1 A Deep Integration of MATRIX Underlying Technology ....24

4.4.2 A Deep Integration of Sigfox Internet of Things Technology........... 29

5. Products and Services.................................................................................... 34

5.1 The Business Rationale............................................................................35

5.1.1 A Complete Asset DigitisationSolution....................................37

5.1.2 A Multi-functional Solution......................................................... 38

5.2 Two-tiered Asset Structure.................................................................... 39

5.2.1 IDA token..........................................................................................40

5.2.2 MRT token........................................................................................ 46

5.3 Buildingthe Ecosystem............................................................................ 54

5.3.1 IDA Investment Fund.....................................................................54

5.3.2 The MRT Marketplace................................................................... 56

5.3.3 The Token Exchange Centre........................................................57

5.3.4 Multi-functional Ecosystem.........................................................57

5.3.5 Implementation Plan..................................................................... 59

6. Underlying Technology..................................................................................60

6.1 TechnologicalLayers.................................................................................62

6.2 TechnologicalDesign................................................................................71

6.3 Smart Contracts.........................................................................................73

6.4 DAPP..........................................................................................................76

6.5 Cross-chain Technology..........................................................................78

6.6 Service Interface........................................................................................79

7. Sample Project: Laos Old-growth Timber Assets.................................81

8. Token Issuing Mechanism............................................................................ 87

8.1 Issuing MRTs.............................................................................................. 88

8.2 Issuing the IDA Token............................................................................. 89

9. Development Timeline................................................................................ 92

10. The Foundation.............................................................................................. 96

11. The Team and Advisors...............................................................................99

12. Partners...........................................................................................................113

13. Legal Advisories...........................................................................................115

13.1 Risk Disclosure...................................................................................... 116

13.2 Disclaimer...............................................................................................119

14. Related Attachments................................................................................. 122

1.Overview

The IDAasset digitisation ecosystem( “ IDA

Ecosystem”)will drive the digitalisation of the

real economy using an innovative asset

digitisation business model that combines

blockchain technology, artificial intelligence

(AI), Internet of Things (IoT) technologies,

data-driven financing, and mobile robots. The

IDA Ecosystem enables thedata to truly

constitute assets with enhanced digital

ownership rights on the blockchain. At the

same time, itincreases the connectivity and

circulation of real assets, through creating an

"Internet of everything" that promotesdigitalisation

of the real economy. The IDA Ecosystem

provides an enterprise asset digitisation

solution and functionality to build a thriving

ecosystem for exchanging all qualified real

assets.

.

Summary

2.Background

The 21st century can be seen as the dawn of a globalised knowledge

economy. Traditional business models and markets are bracing for

varying degrees of disruption from the maturation of swiftlyevolving

information technologies. IDA is creating a data ecosystem that

integrates the real and data economies, offering a complete

digitisation solution that uses the Internet of Things (IoT), big data,

and artificial intelligence on a digitised asset public blockchain.

Current situatio

n

3. The Present Situation

The rapid evolution of theInternet has created the foundations for a

flourishing data economy. These advances in information technologies

are being further accelerated by the mobile web, big data, the Internet of

Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and blockchain. The data economy is

already the most vibrant and fastest evolving area of the present

economic system, andthese emerging technologies arespeeding the

transformation of traditional industries. IDA estimates that the data

economy in the United States reached $10.8 trillion USD in 2016,

comprising 58.3% of the GDP.By comparison, the data economy in China

reached $3.4 trillion over the same period, representing 34% of the

GDP.Other leading data economies include Japan, Germany, England,

France, and Korea with similar GDP proportions in the respective

countries.

The data economy has introduced substantial improvement in asset

circulation and resource allocation. The efficiency, robustness, and ease

of circulating assetsis a key driver of economic growth. The efficient

allocation of resources is essential for their optimal utilisation and

reduces associated social and economic costs. The rapid evolution of the

current sharing economy is a direct result of new efficiencies in resource

allocation.

The role of asset digitisation in optimising asset circulation and resource

allocation is as follows:

-Digitisation allows information to be networked and enhances the ease

of managing and transacting assets.

-Today ’ s sharing economymade breakthroughs in asset allocation by

digitising tangible resources so that many people can simultaneously

view the status of available resources. This has introduced great

advances in resource efficiencies and management.

Asset digitisation is already an essential driver of emerging economic

developments.The deeper integration between web services and

blockchain technologies will create evolving capabilities that further

advance the digital economy.

Digital capitalization

4.IDA Asset Digitisation

IDA is a public chain offering

a total digitisation solution

linking the real and digital

economies through the

integration of blockchain,

IoT, big data, and AI.

4.1 A New Horizon of Value Creation

Importance for Enterprises

This novel financing platform will optimise the allocation of resources

and increase the circulation of goods, while helping small and medium

enterprises (SMEs) to connect to financing and global markets. It will

also help SMEs to overcome common barriers to growth, including

inadequate financing, contracting markets and low asset liquidity.

At present, financial capital remains the primary driver of global

economic growth, but this paradigm is projected to be overtaken by

the maturing digital economy. Digital assets will become the new

driver of economic growth. IDA is a digital ecosystem which

incorporates blockchain technology, internet of things, big data, and

artificial intelligence technologies to provide one-stop solution for

asset digitalization.

Importance for the Global Economy

The AI-powered blockchain solution at the core of the IDA Ecosystem

offers participants a service-enriched ecosystem for digitising assets.

As the volume of participants, assets and equities on the platform

grows, the scope of opportunities for businesses to collaborate and

combined economy on theIDA Ecosystem will increase.

The “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI), formerly known as “One Belt,

One Road”, is an umbrella term for parallel initiatives along the “Silk

Road Economic Belt” and “21st Century Maritime Silk Road”. BRI

was unveiled in September of 2013 as a cross-border initiative to

collaborate on strategic regional economic development projects in

countries along the combined belt and road corridors. The naming of

the Belt and Road Initiative alludes to connecting countries along the

The IDA Ecosystem offers an effective channel to digitise assets and

equity data, substantially reducing transaction costs of the different

industries, while providing a highly reliable system of credit. This

creates a novel economic model to support the growth of small and

medium enterprisesacross different industries.

Importance for Industries

Importance for Ecosystem Participants

The Value of Asset Digitisation for the Nationally-Sponsored

the Belt and Road Initiative

historic Silk Road, through advancing cultural and economic

exchange under the banner of peaceful development. Its mandate

seeks to expand multilateral cooperation between China and

associated countries, through developing a platform for effective

regional collaboration that promotes economic partnerships,

intergovernmental trust, economic synergy, cultural acceptance and

mutual benefit.

Vision for IDA

The asset digitisation platform of IDA is a global marketplace helping

asset holders and investors to use tokenisation to convert and

exchange digitised resources over the blockchain.

Asset holders can create and offer their own secondary

tokens, thereby adding value to assets.

Consumers in the ecosystem can exchange asset tokens

to transact across asset categories.

Ecosystem participants can potentially receive incentives

through participating in transactions.

The IDA Ecosystemhelps individuals and enterprises to digitise

real-world assets, using leading-edge blockchain technology to

increase transactional efficiency and systemic trust within an

ecosystemthrough strengthening rights of ownership, resource

tracking, and recordkeeping for transactions. The primary advantage

of digitising assets on a blockchain, as opposed to traditional

centralised systems, is that all transactions related to an asset are

tracked on an immutable ledger independent of the issuer. A

significant advantage of the shift from circulating digitised assets on

a centralised system to a distributed social transactional model, is

that any resource channel can create its own hub for circulating

assets. Blockchaintechnology increases the market efficiency of

digitised assets by providing a free and open multi-participant

exchange platform.

IDA is expanding this market into other BRI regions throughout

Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Europe and Africa. The platform will

also support expanding the ecosystem of assets across a virtually

unlimited range of asset categories and industries including natural

resources, smart cities, health supplements, technology, international

trade, and more.

4.2Value Creation

Connecting Real Assets and the Digital World

Asset digitisationprimarily solves the problem of how to mirror the

physical and digital worlds. There is no current means for entities in

the physical world to directly enter the digital world, or to turn purely

digitised entities into tangible objects. The further evolution of the

information age calls for a more effective way to use digital means to

manage the physical world. The first online databases began digitising

information about physical objects, and now the Internet of Things

(IoT) is advancing new applications of using sensors to track and

gather information from real objects.

The Importance of Asset Digitisation for the Real Economy

Asset digitisation can help companies to substantially increase

operational efficiency and minimise management costs. From

production to shipping, digitisation can help enterprises to manage

large volumes of products more quickly and easily.

Asset digitisation can providean important new form of financing

for small and medium businesses. Issuing coupons or incentive points

online are examples of how businesses can digitise products and

services. Some companies even use digitisation mechanisms to issue

securities，bonds，and cryptocurrencies as an alternative means of

financing.

The deeper integration of data technologies and the real economy

has become a disruptive force in the development of industries, and at

the same time presents new business models for growth. In industrial

applications, asset digitisation is driving innovation by accelerating

automated production. In academia and education, digitising

intellectual assets has created a strong network effect for knowledge

sharing. There also are many applications for transportation, and

autonomous vehicles. Mobile ordering has further streamlined the

food and beverage industry, providing more options and convenience

at any time of the day. Digitising agricultural products has already led

to big advances in freshness and food safety.

The Inevitable Integration of Blockchain and Asset Digitisation

The widespread digitisation of assets is an inevitable development and

blockchain technology will enhance transactional efficiency in this new

paradigm.

The key to increasing asset circulation is introducing a more

convenient model. Blockchain technology will lower the costs, waste

and losses tied to their transactions through asset digitisation.The

current economic model presents substantial barriers for exchanging

corporate and personal assets. This is particularly true for small and

medium enterprises. This makes financing difficult and costly,

generally requiring interest rates that are higher than what banks offer.

As a result, businesses are starved of needed capital for growth, and

there are no convenient or robust enough systems for them to offer

tokens. Blockchain technology can improve financing and circulation

problems in the present economic model,by supporting a more secure

and efficient means of transacting digital assets.

Through using asymmetric cryptography and authorisation

technologies, blockchain technology can increase the transparency,

completeness, integrity, and attribution of asset transactions, hence

greatly deterring fraud and illegal activity.

The Advantages of Blockchain for Asset Digitisation

Technology is not an end in itself, so selecting a new technological

approach is about finding an optimised solution to a particular

problem. Blockchain technology solves a number of transactional

shortfalls for digital assets by greatly increasing the velocity of

circulation.

Firstly, blockchain technology lowers the barriers to entry for digitising

assets with a lower cost and learning curve. A blockchain can create

digital packages for assets, making them easier to identify and track

over the blockchain. Secondly, blockchain technology offers a

platform for assets to span over locations virtually. Once assets are

digitised, they can be transacted globally using real-time data with

greater transparency and impartiality. Finally, using blockchain

technology for asset digitisation dramatically lowers the cost of

mutual trust, through increasing efficiency and circulation and

reducing waste.

Promoting Growth for Small and Medium Enterprises

IDA is built on the belief that supporting the development of

small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is an important imperative in

every country. Helping to support the growth of SMEs depends on

understanding the two main types of challenges.

Internal causes: to begin with, most SMEs lack comprehensive

financial capabilities ， leading to information asymmetry and

difficulties in managing credit risk. This makes it difficult for banks to

evaluate their financial situations, operating performance, and growth

prospects; making cautious about lending to SMEs.

Secondly, businesses often lack sufficient assets for collateral,

making it difficult for them to serve as guarantors. Banking has

become more commercialised with increased regulation of lending

risk leading to stricter debt management practices, meaning that

SMEs seeking financing are required to provide a corresponding

guarantee or asset collateral. These requirements are particularly

stringent for SMEs.

Finally, SMEs often lack understanding of financial

institutions,with many SMEs being too rigid in their business models

and operating approaches. Many also lack updated information and

innovative technologies.This makes it difficult for SMEs to comply with

the quickly evolving rules and demands of financial institutions.

External causes: to begin with,access to credit is overly dependent

on banks in the current financial system, which is not conducive to

lending to SMEs. Secondly, the operating philosophy of financial

institutionsmakes financing for SMEs difficult. Finally, the credit

guarantor and collateral models are primarily based on financial

instruments and diversification, which is largely incompatible with most

SMEs operational models.

Solving the challenge of financing for SMEs starts from shifting the

mindset of their owners about operations to embrace a more open

Internet platform approach to increase the scope and influence of their

businesses. This can expand the regional nature of a business and

extend the value of itsproducts as well as create more transparent data

for operations and financing. Helping businesses in the real economy

to digitise will improve coordination with suppliers and allow SMEs to

achieve an operational and reporting standard that commercial lenders

and institutional investors are looking for. The combination of

blockchain,Internet of Things, AI, and big data financing technologies

can support a new funding model for traditional and non-traditional

businesses. Qualifying assets that can be registered with national

authorities can be digitised for the blockchain and enjoy superior

decentralisation, unalterable data integrity, and systemic trust; while

helping SMEs overcome the difficulty and high costs of financing

through traditional institutions.

The IDA complete asset digitisation solution can play an

important role in SME development. In the future, IDA will create an

asset digitisation technology research centre to advance new spheres

of application and technologies to help small businesses benefit from

modernisation of their operations.

4.3Technology Overview4.3.1 Blockchain Technology

A blockchain is a distributed and immutable ledger maintained over

an encrypted online eer-to-peer (P2P) network. Transactions are

verified by a consensus mechanism across distributed nodes in the

network before data is recorded in a noneditable chain structure. This

novel ledger technology achieves both greater security and

transparency. Transactions are completed according to smart

contracts that are executed by automated scripts, protected with data

encryption, and verified by distributed participants in the network. In

essence, a blockchain secures information in the database through

having transactions verified by independent parties across the

network. In contrast to previous distributed databases, a blockchain

has the following distinguishing characteristics:

Decentralised “ trustless ” transactions: enables secure

interactions between parties without a need for direct

third-party intermediaries or oversight. This greatly reduces or

eliminates transaction risk.

Authorised users: users have full control over their data and

transactions.

High-quality data: supports more complete data with greater

consistency; that is moreinstantaneous, accurate and broadly

accessible.

Durability, reliability and resilience: network decentralisation

means that there is no single locus of vulnerability, hence

precluding malicious attacks.

Transparency and permanence: By removing the need for a

third- party authority, users are assured that transactions will be

reliably executed according to a mutual agreement.

Simplification of the ecosystem: Including every transaction in

the public ledger reduces the inconsistencies and complexities

of maintaining multiple sets of records.

Rapid transactions: Inter-bank transactions can take multiple

days for processing and finalisation; particularly outside of set

business hours. Transactions on the blockchain can be reduced

to several minutes, and without restriction on the hours of

operation.

Low transaction costs: Due to its decentralised structure,

blockchain technology reduces or eliminates transactional fees

associated with third-party intermediaries. In practice,a

blockchain can increase information sharing and mutual trust

between participants.

Present economic systems are heavily reliant on the control of

centralised institutions or some form of third-party documentation.

The decentralised nature of blockchain technology, however,enables

parties to transact directly. This boosts efficiency and friction-less

consistency, while reducing transaction costs. A blockchain is unique

in itsability to releasecertain information to the public, yet preserve

the privacy of other information, while empowering users in the

community to individually define how to protect their personal rights

and interests.

4.3.2 Digital Assets

Digital assets could include web properties, applications ,programs,

program code, digital documents, photographs, media,cryptocurrencies,

email addresses and its correspondence, social media accounts and its

contents, cloud services, data and more. From an economics perspective,

asset digitisation consists of converting ownership rights into a binary

code format that can be transacted in daily life or commercial operations.

The term “asset” is generally associated with real assets,such as

property or vehicles; securities like equities and derivatives, oran

insurance policy. This could lead to a misinterpretation that “ digital

assets” imply an unbounded departure from the tangible world into a

fully virtual realm. Purely virtual assets are only a minor aspect of asset

digitisation, with the majority of digital assets being anchored to real

world assets. An example would be scanning and storing the deed to a

property in a digital database, or personal stock holdings being stored in

an exchange. While represented in a digital form, it is anchored to an

asset in the physical world. In this respect, digital assets are essentially a

digitised reflection of assets and equities in the real world.

4.3.3 Technological Solutions

Artificial Intelligence to analyse assets

IoT to compile data about assets

Big data processing technology

Blockchain to track asset

ownershipattribution

4.4 A Co-engineered Strategy4.4.1 Integration of MATRIX AI Network Blockchain

Technology

Mechanized Network

Through the use of artificial intelligence, MATRIX has developed a

blockchain-based network capable of reaching 100,000 transactions

per second (TPS). The platform also has auto-coded smart contracts

compiled through Natural Language Processing (NLP) with no need

for programming in Solidity.

Building on the foundations of encrypted transactions introduced

by Bitcoin, and the development of smart contracts by Ethereum,

MATRIX has created a next-generation AI-driven blockchain.

Unlike a traditional blockchain, the MATRIX blockchain is no longer a

purely software-basedtechnology. With an integrated software/

hardware approach, the MATRIX“ mechanised network ”incorporates

a custom AI chipset, system-wide AI-optimization, and Bayesian

inference to substantially expand the efficiency and functionality of

the blockchain..

Targeted Calculations

In contrast to other blockchains using a Proof of Work (PoW) mining

mechanism, MATRIX has abandoned the model of simply solving

encrypted hash values, which creates no value. The MATRIX network

will be capable of processing algorithms to power applications in

artificial intelligence. Incentives for providing computational power

will be tied to training AI algorithms or performing computationally

intensive statistical analysis on big data. This applies the computing

and energy resources from the blockchain toward valuable research

contributions. Highly Automated Through AI technology and semantic

recognition, the use of zero-coding smart contracts to assist

non-technical users will be a defining feature of the MATRIX project..

Highly Automated

A defining feature of the MATRIX project is assisting non-technical

users by using AI technology and semantic analysis for zero-coded

smart contracts.

Risk Mitigation

The MATRIX blockchain continuously improves security for users and

the platform. The AI diagnostics and self-optimising capabilities

search out and fix vulnerabilities at multiple levels of the system, from

smart contracts to transactions on the blockchain.

Intelligent

The self-learning capabilities of the MATRIX blockchain will

help the platform evolve to support more complex

transactions. This means that the “intelligent smart contracts”

will be able to progressively convert multiple qualitative

conditions into a quantitative executable form—such as a value

adjustment mechanism (VAM) for investors. This learning

mechanism will greatly enrich the scope of application for

smart contracts and the utility of the platform.

The next-generation MATRIX AI-powered and blockchain-based

platform will usher in a new era of usability and industry applications for

blockchain technology:

1. Better Usability: no programming experience needed with

zero-coding smart contracts.

2. Unrivalled Security: ongoing artificial intelligence diagnosis

serves as a comprehensive deterrence against attacks.

3. Improved Speed: greatly enhanced application and

transaction speeds.

4. Greater Flexibility: A seamless integration of private and

public chains, with an embedded capability to adaptively

evolve parameters.

Unlike the last two generations of blockchain projects, the

functionalities on the AI-driven platform of MATRIX will not be

constrained to that of a single release. While past experience limits

one ’ s ability to anticipate the needs of next-generation

blockchain-based platforms, the self-optimising capabilities of the

MATRIX platform will continuously adapt to emerging needs.

Future Growth

After extensive research, IDAselected the MATRIX platform as its

underlying technology. Considering the strength of the leadership,

unrivalled present capabilities, and ambitious development timeline,

IDA is proud to collaborate with the MATRIX project as a frontrunner

in shaping the future of blockchain technology. As the foundational

partnership with MATRIX provides the underlying technological

solution and functionalities, the MAN token can be used

interchangeably with the IDA Token for token sales and as payments

for transactional expenses across the platform.

4.4.2 Integration of Sigfox Internet of Things Technology

Sigfox, a global leader and pioneer in narrowband Internet of Things

（ IoT) technologies headquartered in France, is one of the founding

architects of the ecosystem. Sigfox is currently the world ’ s most

advanced provider of wide area network (WAN) technology, with the

widest network coverage, and most application-enriched offerings of

Internet of Things (IoT) solutions.As of April 2018, Sigfox has global

partners and NB-IoT connective services in 46 countries and regions. It is

the only international provider of complete NB-IoT operations solutions,

with the benefits of seamless roaming, low cost, and low power

dissipation.Sigfox projects that its network services will be operating in

60 countries and regions by the year-end of 2018 and will begin offering

worldwide satellite web services by 2019。

Sigfox is a leading provider of global IoT applications. Over 200

well-known international companies use Sigfox IoT services including

Bosch, Nestle, Danone, Louis Vuitton, Total Petroleum andAir Liquide

Group. Broad industry applications include smart cities, municipal

management, logistics tracking, smart agriculture and smart elder care 。

In January of 2018, Xi Jinping and French President Emmanuel

Macron attended the signing ceremony to implement a new“telecare”

solution co-developed by Sigfox and Senioradom in China as part of the

Digital Silk Road Initiative.This is just another way that Sigfox is

connecting the world。

Thebasis of the IDA and Sigfox Internet of Things

TechnologyCollaboration

The Sigfox Internet of Things Solution

Manage global resources with low energy consumption ： easily

deploye and update a large-scale network, supporting long distance

communications with no maintenance required

Low cost asset management ： Optimise existing asset management

workflows and reduce costs creating new business value

User-friendly asset management ： Easily implement and execute

seamless IoT updates and smart data-sharing solutions with no existing

network prerequisites

Global coverage：No matter where physical assets, sales, and logistics

networks are located, Sigfox can upload actionable data to the web to

create a real-time visualisation of operations.

low

cost

Low energy consumption

global coverage

easy implementation

Enabling the Sigfox IoT Revolution…

The global IDA and Sigfox community

an inclusive and international value-sharing online IoT community

The IDA Asset Digitisation Platform will leverage the global

distribution of the Sigfox IoT network for enhanced tracking for assets

and data, as well as improved circulation management.

2017 年部署

2018 年部署

2019 年部署

5.Products and Services

5.1 The Business Advantage

The IDA Asset DigitisationPlatform was created to build a more

integrated way forusers to manage and digitise tangible assets and

equity stakeswith digital assets. Using a combination of blockchain

technology, the Internet of Things, AI, mobile robots and digitisation

for assets and equities, IDA creates shared data that is unalterable and

reliable. The decentralised nature of the data makes transactions more

open, egalitarian and impartial as well as ensuring authenticity and

transparency.

SMEs are the workhorses of the present economic system,

contributing as much as 60% to the GDP of somecountries.However,

SMEs only received 20% of institutional financing, and their ability to

survive and keep pace with innovation has become a pressing concern

Common financing challenges for SMEs include shortfalls in credit,

tight asset liquidity, low fixed assets, and less advantageous credit

terms than large corporations.

SMEs are essential providers of products and services to larger

corporations in a business ecosystem. The ability for larger

corporations to grow, go public and raise funding is thanks in part to

flexible support from countless SME suppliers. However, once these

corporationshave become public, intensifying performance demands

rarely allow them to help these supporting SMEs. In fact, the

relationship generally becomes more strenuous for the SME, due to

rising production requirements, larger orders and longer payment

terms etc.

The IDA Asset DigitisationPlatform can alleviate many pain points for

SMEs, helping them grow in the following three ways:

-Managing tangible assets and equities over the blockchain

-Managing liquid assets on the blockchain

-Data-based financing solutions on the blockchain

Thanks to the two-tiered structure of the IDA Ecosystem, in addition

to conducting business on the platform, qualifying SMEs may issue their

own Material Resource Token (MRT), which function as secondary tokens

in the IDA Ecosystem, and achieve the benefits of tokenisation. The IDA

public blockchain for asset digitisation offers SMEs a choice of simply

running their business on the platform, or providing further

opportunities to develop their own digital ecosystems.

As the number of businesses and toke in the ecosystem increase,

there will be greater transactional volume and token-powered services. It

is planned for the IDA Token to eventually be listed on major exchanges,

but all secondary MRT tokens in the ecosystem would only be paired

with the primary IDA Token (which functions as the common platform

currency and the bridge with the real world). It is projected that this will

lead to increased demand for the IDA Token. All of the businesses in the

IDA Ecosystem will no longer be isolated entities ， but will be linked

through the IDA Token and benefit from the interactions within.

5.1.1 A Complete Asset Digitisation Solution

The platform of the IDA Ecosystemoffers businesses a complete

asset digitisation solution, including equity certification, asset

attribution, Internet of Things services, and asset management on the

blockchain. This convenient full-service package will save businesses

considerable time and expense.

The IDA Ecosystem provides businesses with a complete and

mutually beneficial asset digitisation ecosystem for shared business

operations and establishing and exchanging their own MRTs. Any

qualifying real asset or equity stake can be digitised through the IDA

Ecosystem， allowing users to benefit from tokenisation. IDA intends

to draw on resources and investment dedicated to the Belt and Road

Initiative (BRI) and providethe leading technology to support mutual

growth throughout BRI countries.

The non-uniform nature of tangible assets presents challenges for

digitisation.

- The IDA Ecosystem will apply intellectual property protections

on all services offered, hence strengthening the overall

business environment within.

- Every type of MRT can be circulated within the MRT

ecosystems.

- Every type of MRT in the ecosystem can be freely exchanged

with other types of MRTs.

- Each type of MRT in the ecosystem would lock the value

created by the underlying asset class.

- Spending MRTs should increase demand for the IDA Token, so

each type of MRT token is linked to other types of MRTs

through the IDA Token (which functions as the common

platform currency).

- Each type of MRT contributes to building the IDA Ecosystem,

and through sharing in the business transactions, they are no

longer isolated entities but collectively benefit from the market

value of the IDA Ecosystem.

Manage real assets and equities on the blockchain

Manage liquid assets on the blockchain

Data-driven financing for SMEs on the blockchain

5.1.2 A Multi-functional Solution

5.2Two-tiered Asset Structure

While transactions in the IDA Ecosystem are of digital assets, they

are a digitised representation of real world assets or equity stakes (as

represented by secondary MRT tokens). That is to say a real asset or

equity stake is transacted in a digitised form.

This requires first creating a unique digital representation for each

asset and equity stake. In practice, assets and equity stakes each have

different attributes, posing a challenge for instituting a unified and

standardised digital representation. Thisrepresentation will only

become more challenging as the volume and variety of assets in the

ecosystem grows.

-For IDA to support seamless low-cost transactions across the

platform, each digitised asset needs to be shared in a compatible

format accepted by all parties. IDA has introduced a two-tiered asset

structure to offer two forms of tokens:

- One is a Material Resource Token (MRT) that third parties can

issue for any authorised real asset or equity stake following review and

approval. MRTs are anchored to real assets or equities.

- The other is the IDAToken, which prompts the growth of the

ecosystem and is used as the common base currency for circulation

across the platform.

Within the IDA Ecosystem, these two tokens play important

supporting roles and form the foundations of the platform.

5.2.1 IDA Token

Uses of the IDA Token

In contrast, MRTs are a digitised representation of real assets and equity

stakes in the IDA Ecosystem. ever, to truly enable the circulation of

assets on the digitised platform, a standardised format for transactions

needs to be created.The IDA Token resolves the circulation issuesfor

MRTs representing different categories of assets. In the “trustless”

IDA Token is a non-refundable functional utility token which will be

used as the unit of exchange between participants on the IDA

Ecosystem. The goal of introducing IDA Token is to provide a

convenient and secure mode of payment and settlement between

participants who interact within the ecosystem on the IDA Ecosystem.

IDA Token does not in any way represent any shareholding,

participation, right, title, or interest in the Foundation, the Distributor

its affiliates, or any other company, enterprise or undertaking, nor will

IDA Token entitle token holders to any promise of fees, dividends,

revenue, profits or investment returns, and are not intended to

constitute securities in Singapore or any relevant jurisdiction. IDA

Token may only be utilised on the IDA Ecosystem, and ownership of

IDA Token carries no rights, express or implied, other than the right to

use IDA Token as a means to enable usage of and interaction with the

IDA Ecosystem.

transactions between the different markets, the IDA Token is intended to

serve as a fair, authorised, and transparent medium of circulation for the

entry and exit of MRTs issued by third parties. The uses of the IDA Token

are as follows:

1)The IDA Token can potentially be acquired using USD, BTC, ETH, MAN

and the different types of MRTs.

2)The IDA Token provides the technologicalbase and support for the

MRTs.

3)The IDA Token serves as the technological solution and payment

mechanism for issuing the secondary MRTsrepresenting real assets and

equity stakes.

4)As the common platform currency, MRTs can be converted into IDA

Tokens at theToken Exchange Centre.

5)Used to pay for account transfer fees in the MRT marketplace.

6)Used to pay for intellectual property protections and other service fees

in the IDA Ecosystem.

7)Computational resources are required for executing transactions /

maintaining the blockchain operations of the distributed ledger, thus

providers of these services / resources would require payment for the

consumption of these resources (i.e. "mining" on the IDA Ecosystem),

and IDA Token will be used as the unit of exchange to quantify and pay

the costs of the consumed computational resources. IDA Token is an

integral and indispensable part of the IDA Ecosystem, because without

IDA Token, there would be no incentive for users to expend resources to

participate in activities or provide services for the benefit of the entire

ecosystem. The IDA Token will promote the strong and sustainable

development of the ecosystem.

As a leader in the asset digitisation space, IDA is anticipating future

developments for blockchain and is proactively imposing demanding

self-regulating guidelines.

1. The offering of the IDA Token is in accordance with international

law, regulatory standards and guidance forthe blockchain industry. The

The IDA Token supports multiple MRTsrepresenting different asset

classes and supports different participants in the ecosystem, such as

buyers, seller

s, and asset holders. The IDA Token provides a standard token for

digitised assetsacross the platform and allows different parties to

exchange tokens of different asset classes.

Companies and teams can potentially issue MRTs to support the

development of their projects, to raise IDA Tokens that are used for

their operations on the platform. The MRTs would generally

correspond to future assets or equity stakes created from the projects.

Supports platform-wide exchange

The instrument for offering tokens

Three standards for offering IDA Tokens

value of the IDA Token is not tiedto any real asset or equity stake but is

linked to the utility value of the token on the asset digitisation public

blockchain. IDA combines a number of technologies to create a digital

representation of real assets and equities on the blockchain, using

Internet of Things and big data to gather and process asset data onto the

blockchain, as well as provide enhanced ownership rights and attribution

of assets.The system uses AI to analyse asset data and ensures the

unaltered veracity of the data using the decentralised ledger and

consensus mechanism of the blockchain.

2. IDA in considering IPO and ITO standards, is considering future

legal and regulatory compliance in defining asset digitisation for MRTs

according to the rules for IPO. This includes evaluating business models,

their profit potential, legality, operational conditions, operating licenses,

as well as product appraisal. This also includes seeking registration

guidelines from corresponding authorities for issuing assets. An asset

digitisation project, at the outset, has profit potential, the ability to

circulate, volatility, and value recognised by public and financial

institutions.

3. IDA Token is creating an Asset Digitisation Standard (ADS).This

multi-functional solution will help SMEs to innovate their business

models and boost the exchange value of their assets through digitisation,

while avoiding the difficulty and high cost of funding for SMEs.

Participating SMEs and downstream businesses all mutually benefit from

theIDA Ecosystemthrough creating, sharing and exchanging assets on

the blockchain.

The IDA Token is the only standardised platform-wide token and

serves to incentivise the healthy sustainable development of the

ecosystem. As the volume of assets and variety of MRTs in

circulation grows, it's expected that there will be increased usage

and demand forthe IDAToken.

To help more ecosystem participants easily understand the

benefits and get started on the platform, IDA will create standard

project templates for key industry applications. Examples include

offering blockchain technology for managing tangible and liquid

assets, and for data-driven credit solutions to offer financing to

SMEs. These streamlined services will help to grow the number of

businesses on the platform and earn it global recognition as a

powerful new industry model.

The Usage of the IDA Token

Expanding Applications of the IDA Token

5.2.2MRT Token

An MRT serves as the digitised representation of a tangible asset or

equity stake on the IDA Asset DigitisationPlatform. MRTs have the

following qualities:

An MRT is the digitised representation of a tangible asset or

equity stake from the real world.Exchanging MRTs is equivalent to the

transfer of ownership for the tangible assets or equity

stakesthemselves. The possession of the MRT confers ownership of

said tangible asset or equity stake to the holder.

For example: The Derun (Laos) Investment Limited Corporation

owns the timber rights for a section of forest in the Bolikhamxay

province. They can use the IDA Ecosystem to improve asset

management and allocation. Derun Investment will first issue an MRT

for the timber, and subsequently the holder of the MRT will have

ownership rights over the timber assets or equity stake. If the MRT is

subsequently traded again over the platform, the rights of ownership

are turned over in the sale.

The Use and Features of MRT Tokens

An MRT Offering for Fundraising

Companies and teams can submit real world assets and their

corresponding functions for review to be qualified fordigitisationin the

IDA Ecosystem, in order to issue MRTs as a means of funding

operationsthat generate future assets and equities. In this sense the

MRTsare a representation of the future assets and equities of the

project. Within the MRT ecosystem, exchanging of property rights

occurs through the MRT. MRTs are a non-uniform medium that

represent a range of non-standardised asset classes.The IDA ensures

the fairness, authorisation, and transparency for MRTs issued by third

parties on the platform.It alsoeliminates the need for a credit

guarantee, as MRTs can be exchanged for IDA Tokens in the Token

Exchange Centre. Because of the fundamental partnership between

IDA and MATRIX, MAN can also be used for fundraising, so that both

tokens can support the ecosystem.

Since MRTs are a digitised representation of real assets and equity

stakes, the volume of MRTs issued are directly related to the

corresponding assets and equities, as the tokens must be firmly

anchored to real world ownership. Furthermore, real assets are finite

and progressively reduced through spending. The MRT platform must

update the volume of anchored MRTs correspondingly.

The volume of MRTs is bounded by equivalent real assets or equities

The Diverse Sources and Variety of MRTs

The objective of the IDA Ecosystem is to provide a global asset

digitisation solution. With the continuous expansion of the IDA

Ecosystem, the volume and variety of assets being transacted as MRTs

will continue to grow, which also means that the variety of MRTs being

offered will increase, leading to the diversification of sources for the

MRTs.

Because the issue prices of the MRTsaredesigned to be insulated

against direct market volatility, the MRT is similar to USD in being an

excellent safe haven for assets and equities.

The standard by which assets are

The Life Cycle of the MRT

IssuanceStandards for MRTs

Asset holders in the IDA Ecosystem can submit real assets and

equities to IDA for review and issue a certain volume of authorised

MRTs anchored against a corresponding amount of real assets or

equities. The application requirements include:

IDA will conduct due-diligence investigation on the issuer and offerthe issuer consultation and its approval decision.

Setting the MRT volume issued and verifying that it is according tothe corresponding assets or equities.

Offering:

-The issuer submits a project

on the IDAplatform for

review.

-Determine listing details:

relationship with tangible

assets and equities, terms of

use, smart contracts.

Token Destruction:

- MRTs anchored to tangible

assets will be automatically

destroyed through the smart

contracts upon redemption.

MRTs linked to intangible assets

do not need to be destroyed.

Circulation:

-Transactions over theplatformrepresenttransfer of ownership ofreal assets and equities.-The IDA Token is theonly recognised meansof settlement on theplatform.

1. If fundraising is the goal of issuing the MRTs, the token volume,

initial offering price and the equivalent in IDA Tokens must be

established, as well as defining the use of the tokens.

2. If asset liquidity is the goal of the MRTs, as opposed to raising IDA

Tokens, the offering volume for this type of MRT will be set according

to the turnover of the issuing enterprise for the last three years of

operation.

Token destruction mechanism, smart contracts, digitising assets

and equities for the blockchain:

MRTs will be circulated in the MRT marketplace, and the IDA Token

will be the means of settlement in and out of the MRT marketplace.

Furthermore,dependent on real-time conditions, the IDA

Ecosystemwill also incorporate an incubator investment model, as well as

big data driven supply chain finance.

The standard definition of qualifying assets in the IDA

Ecosystem:

MRTs are non-uniform tokens for non-standardised classes of

assets, with every MRT corresponding to a real asset or equity stake.

In order for an MRT to qualify for the IDA Asset Digitisation Platform,

it must satisfy three criteria for fundraising.

Issuance criteria is as follows:

MRTs have two functions。

Issued assets and equities must comply with all applicable regulationsand registered commodity standards with all jurisdictions of transaction.

All MRTs must meet the technical standards for asset digitisation.

All MRTs must meet the digitised asset exchange standards.

The standard by which assets are recognized by financial

MRT Token Exchange Mechanism

Destruction Mechanism for MRTs

Once the MRT holder redeems the real asset or equity stake from the

issuer, the resource is no longer available on the platform and the

reverted MRT is automatically destroyed as specified by the smart

contract.

The terms defining whether the MRT representing a tangible asset or

equity stake on the blockchain must be destroyed are as follows:

1) It is regarded as an asset or equity stake by financial institutions and

social convention. Examples would include: natural resources, property,

Once an authorised MRThas been issued, it can be exchanged

in the IDA Ecosystem. The IDA Token is used as the means of

settlement on and off the platform. Here are the few possible

scenarios for exchanges:

The issuer begins with a supply of MRTs, and users purchase

these MRTs using IDA Tokens. Since MRTs are directly tied to real

assets and equities, the exchange of the MRTsis equivalent to

transfer of ownership from the issuer to the MRTpurchasers.

MRTs can be transferred to other individuals, and following a

transfer, the corresponding rights of ownership for the real equity

stake or asset is also transferred to the new MRT holder.

Once the MRT holder uses the token to redeem the actual real

asset or equity stake from the issuer, the token reverts to the issuer.

real estate, and attributed assets that can be registered with national

authorities. Examples of equities include: nationally recognised securities

and property rights in real estate. MRTs for these categories of assets and

equities in the IDA Ecosystem, must be destroyed upon redemption of

the MRT. The blockchain technology has the capability to update its

status in real time, with superior speed and efficiency, on an immutable

ledger of the transactions.

The function of this category of MRTs is to serve as a reflection of real

assets or equities in the real world, with their data being safely and

effectively recorded on the immutable ledger of the blockchain. Being

anchored to a tangible asset or equity stake, the value of an MRT is

backed by real world assets.

The terms defining whether the MRT representing a liquid asset or

equity stake on the blockchain must be delisted are as follows:

For assets and equities not directly recognised by financial institutions

(examples include: mineral water, electronic notepads and handphones

etc.), there is no need to offer these MRTs publicly for fundraising. MRTs

for this category of assets and equities can be offered directly in the MRT

Marketplace. This kind of MRTs helps SMEs to improve credit flow by

allowing for assets and equities in the real world to be exchanged in a

digitised space. The exchanges benefit from the secure, efficient, near

real-time, and unalterable related data that can be tracked on the

blockchain. Through an innovative combination of big data, finance, and

investing: the credit mechanism in the IDA Ecosystem solves the liquidity

challenge most SMEs face, through allowing MRTs to serve as the

transactional medium within the ecosystem.

Value Creation of MRTs

The Price Mechanism of the MRT

For enterprises transacting assets and equitiesin the IDA Ecosystem,

MRTs are directly bound to finite real-world resources.As resources are

redeemed, the corresponding MRT will be destroyed and token

volume will progressively be reduced to zero. As a given MRT project

is concluded, it's expected that much value will be created in the form

of MRTs.

The IDA Token is the only means of settlement for MRT conversion

when entering or exiting the IDA Ecosystem. MRTs are circulated,

exchanged, and used as a means of payment within the MRT

Marketplace, and the price of an MRT is measured in IDA Tokens.

Because of the financing demandsin the issuance of MRTs, the price of

an MRT has a corresponding value in IDA Tokens. The initial price for

an MRT in IDA Tokens is set by the issuer. Since the MRT is not

anchored to the IDA Token, once the MRT is in circulation, its relative

value in IDA Tokens is determined by the wider market.

5.3 Building the Ecosystem

5.3.1 IDA Investment Fund

The Purpose of the IDA Investment Fund

The Unique Character of the IDA Investment Fund

Through the issuance of secondary smart contracts, the IDA

Investment Fund helps support the underlying foundations of the

ecosystem by investing in projects within the IDA Ecosystem. All

qualifying users holding IDA Tokens will have priority access to invest

in development projects in the IDA Ecosystem. The primary purpose of

the IDA Investment Fund is improving access to financing for SMEs,

through investing in ecosystem projects and co-creating a thriving

business environment to exchange material resource tokens (MRTs). In

the IDA Ecosystem, SMEs can do business safely and efficiently

without depending on traditional financing with high cost premiums

or restrictive timeframes.

The IDA Investment Fund is an innovation in financing,

management, and monitoring with its guaranteed participation model

for qualifying projects. The guaranteed participation model is

foundational to the IDA Investment Fund, with a pledge to provide

funding to all qualifying asset digitisation projects in the ecosystem.

The IDA Investment Fund and its portfolio companies will generally

form a separate company, limited partnership or trust company to

establish an investment fund.

The Investment Criteria for the IDA Investment Fund

After review and acceptance into the IDA Ecosystem, all qualifying

projects will receive funding from the IDA Investment Fund to promote

the development of the MRT ecosystem.

Investment criteria is as follows:

-Must be in compliance with international law and regulations

-Must meet the technical standards for asset digitisation

-Must meet the digitised asset exchange standards

The Risk Mitigation Mechanism of the IDA Investment Fund

The articles of incorporation for the IDA Investment Fund outlines the

guidelines for the operation of the fund, clear rules and procedures for

its decision making, as well as the incentivisation and risk

management mechanisms. The articles dictate the investment limits

and risk adjustment mechanisms for individual projects — taking an

overarching approach to minimising risk exposure. The IDA

Investment Fund will also provide platform-wide governance to

mitigate financial risk for all participating businesses in the MRT

ecosystem.

MRT Marketplace is one of the corevalue-added total solutions in

the IDA Ecosystem. All businesses accepted into the IDA Ecosystem

can open a digital storefront in the MRT Marketplace to offer digitised

assets. The growing number of businesses exchanging MRTs in the

marketplace will increase the value and demand for the IDA Token in

the ecosystem, and all participants will benefit from this growth. The

MRT Marketplace resolves the following problems:

The MRT Marketplace has the following features:

1) Participants moving real businesses to the MRT Marketplace

enjoy additional yields from the growth of the ecosystem.

2) Since MRTs are the only form of transactional payment when

entering and exiting the IDA Ecosystem, when redeeming the

MRTs in the ecosystem, all participants are expected to mutually

benefit from the rising market value through contributing to

increased business and building out the ecosystem.

3) Through an innovative combination of AI analysis and big data,

the IDA complete digitisation solution creates an innovative

credit model to solve the financing gap many SMEs face and

allow them to become key enterprises in the IDA Ecosystem.

The IDA Investment Fund uses data-driven financing to support

all participating enterprises in the global supply chain throughout

the IDA Ecosystem.The variety of businesses and MRTs in the

ecosystem are determined and supported by the multi-functional

technology of the IDA Ecosystem.T

5.3.2The MRT Marketplace

5.3.3 The Token Exchange Centre

5.3.4 Multi-functional Ecosystem

The Token Exchange Centre is central to the MRT Marketplace. It has

the following features:

1. The IDA Token serves as the only means of settlement in and out of

the IDA Ecosystem.

2. MRTs are used for transactional exchanges.

3. In the Token Exchange Centre, purchasers determine the volume of

MRTsthat they wish to purchase accordingto the volume of real assets

and equities they want to procure.

For the avoidance of doubt, there is no guarantee or representation of

value for MRT or IDA Tokens, which price is solely determined by the

secondary market.

5.3.5 Implementation Plan

The IDA Ecosystem has three underlying components,

1) anchored real assets and equities

2) consumer goods

3) value-added investments. IDA is a global marketplace assembling

high quality asset projects and integrating current IDA resources,

from timber resources in Southeast Asia, to high-technology industry

from Europe and the United States, to resources from Chinese

state-owned and public companies. The range of high quality projects

in the marketplace will include those of: health products, stem cells, IC

chip development, overseas travel and foreign-invested aviation

industry.

6.Underlying technology

60PAPER

The technical implementation

WHITE

There are six layers to the IDA technological framework, including the

data layer, web layer, consensus layer, contract layer, application layer,

and user end. MATRIX is an open-source public blockchain distributed

computing platform, with powerful decentralised encrypted virtual

machines to execute smart contracts. The MATRIX project is unique in

deploying system-wide artificial intelligence technology to enhance the

performance of the blockchain, increasing its usability, speed, flexibility,

and security. The MATRIX blockchain supports a high degree of

simultaneous transactions, interoperability, and cross-chain integration

— providing a robust core technology for the IDA asset digitisation

solution.

Data LayerThe IDA data layer is based on the MATRIX blockchain linked list

data architecture to ensure enhanced safety, reliability, and systemic

trust throughunalterable data。

Graphic: IDA data storage format

The high redundancy storage mechanism of blockchain

technology has a considerable influence on its scalability and

functionality, and asset digitisation has a high demand for the speed

of transactions and database access. The IDA design framework is a

multi-layered node network that uses different groups of nodes for

different storage applications.

The 102nd block

The 102nd block’spublc key：00001F48Prev Hash:00003YH1The 102nd block’sSignature:5F78MGB7

The 100th block’spublc key：00006E48Prev Hash:00007EB3The 100th block’sSignature:4E78WEF0

Transaction1Transaction2

...Transaction31256Transaction31257

The 101st block

The 101st block’spublc key：00002H39Prev Hash:00005BC2The 101st block’sSignature:1H682NVO



The 100th block

The 100th block’spublc key：00006E48Prev Hash:00007EB3The 100th block’sSignature:4E78WEF0



Ledger nodes: play a central role in running the consensus

mechanism to produce blocks on behalf of asset holders.

Whole nodes: are responsible for maintaining complete

data, monitoring, and relaying exchanges, but do not

participate in the consensus mechanism. Regular clients use

end-user devices or interfaces to visit the site without saving

any data. The major benefit of the multi-layered node system

is that it institutes a division of labour and different

requirements for the nodes, so that not ever y node directly

participates in data storage or relaying exchanges etc. The

system achieves greater efficiency and energy savings through

specialisation.

The P2P protocol supports data transfer and signal switching

between nodes on the blockchain-based network,which is

importantfor the consensus mechanism in ensuring a secure method

of communication. The design of the IDA system supports a number

of P2P protocols, including communications mechanism and

serialisation configurations, for flexible adaptation to different

applicational usage cases. To ensure communication security, the IDA

system supports HTTPS, TLS and WS (Secure Websockets) protocols.

To create client-facing platform applications withservice interfaces,

OAuth authorisation integration can be developed。

Web Layer

IDA has selected a PoS consensus mechanism, while making some

additional enhancements including an accounting voting mechanism

with a Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithm.It has high

functionality and consistency and is well-suited for a platform

generating high transactional volume, providing a less-centralised

top-level application layer to run an efficient real-time ledger. The rule

setup for traditional blockchains requires that a certain number of

blocks are verified before there is a sufficient probabilityfor a block to

be confirmed.This is to say that 100% certainty for a prior block is

required before the consensus on a subsequent block can begin， or

else there remains a fractional possibility of a reversal. Up to 6 blocks

need to be confirmed before 99.99999% confirmation of a transaction

is reached. The finality of transactions in this model is rather weak, and

not well suited for the application layer of an asset digitisation

platform.

Consensus Layer

The IDA consensus algorithm does an excellent job in

preserving the consistency of blocks, since the asset holder and

digital asset platform play a less-centralised role. This has a definite

endorsement and trust function, preventing more than 1/3 of the

ledger nodes from malicious collusion. Even if this kind of

behaviour is discovered,the encrypted evidence trail can be traced

back to the perpetrator. This has the following advantages：

1. Professional accounting；

2. Ability to absorb any variety of errors；

3. Multi-individual approval of ledger for finality of blocks and

zero forking；

4. The algorithm is reliable as it uses rigorous mathematical

authorisation。

Contract Layer

Every smart contract offers full life-cycle management for a digital

asset on the chain. Every term of smart contracts in the IDA

Ecosystemis transacted and deployed by AI, and an additional control

management system overseesthe AI contracts in the system。

Safe smart contracts are event-driven, available for IDA auditing;

able to delegate AI management and decision-making to ensure

sustained operation of a replicated shared ledger and control assets

in the account ledger.This program can be queried through the

designatedIDA interface and other trusted web interfaces. Smart

contracts are the embodiment of smart finance grounded in a legal

framework. Due to the unique design requirements of asset

digitisation, the contract layer on IDA supports the future exchange

of a number of derivative products including forward contracts,

futures, swaps, and options (for the avoidance of doubt, these will be

compliant with all applicable regulatory requirements at all times).

All forms of derivative products are supported by IDA smart

contracts。

For example, futures contracts can be exchanged over the

blockchain, where both parties of a futures contract sign an

agreement; within the designated period they can exercise the

right to buy or sell the digital asset or equity stake according to the

pre-agreed price as a forward contract。

Exchange platform: The MRT Marketplace is an integrated

platform for trading MRTs, while providing superior security, protection

of ownership rights and attribution. The MRT Marketplace has a high

level of security, with transactions executed and analysed through smart

contracts by AI virtual machines. The smart contracts are executed by

automated scripts that match the terms of the contracts, and the

system-wide AI continuously updates contract templates in the master

library. The AI monitors all processes in the system according to set rules

to prevent attacks. This provides automated protections of smart

contracts and simplifies the exchange of digital assets. Nodes have

self-examining capabilities, which means that if a portion of information

MRT：The IDA Asset Digitisation Platform is open source and has

many auditing capabilities. Asset holders have access to a complete

SDK developer tool kit and API interface, as well as safe smart

contracts for asset digitisation. This provides a convenient way to

digitise traditional assets and big data into MRTs for exchange on the

platform. The auditing mechanism safeguards digital assets

transacted over the blockchain, while ensuring compliance with

financial and legal standards。

The IDA application layer consists of three parts：MRTs, the

MRT Marketplace, and Asset Circulation。

Application Layer

on the distributed chain is altered, it can be identified and corrected. All

of the ledger nodes on the platform have their own private keys, and

each blockheader on the chain contains the private key signature so that

any alterations can be identified according to the signature. Since

multiple nodes usenear real-time data verification, if a private key is

stolen creating the threat of bad actors altering all of the data on the

chain, the near real-time verification acts as a system-wide data auditing

mechanism that will identify any alteration of data on the chain.

Asset Circulation： Asset circulation also represents other methods of

exchanging digitised assets other than through the MRT Marketplace or

IDA Ecosystem, including online and offline payments, deposits, spot

goods,

forward contracts, futures, swaps, options and other forms of derivatives

The platform provides a variety of strongly compatible SDK

developer kits and API interfaces, offering a wide range of

end-user methods for Android, IOS and websites。

User End

Safety Framework of the Transaction

Framework of the Transaction Platform

MRT Asset Transaction Workflow

MRT Asset Digitisation Workflow

1．AI-optimised security system for smart contracts

conduct additional validation and simulation for the conditions of

Secure Smart Contracts

Transactions in the IDA Ecosystem are all executed through

smart contracts. For digital assets, security is the highest priority,

which is why IDA is using an AI-optimised security system to ensure

the

In drafting a transaction contract within the IDA Ecosystem,

participating parties utilise secure AI templates on the control chain and

the smart contract securityassistant software on the platform to audit

the contract for security loopholes. The AI can discover and patch

contract vulnerabilities, receiving authorisations for the updates from

the participating parties, until a finalised agreement is reached.

During the smart contract validation period, the contract is

transmitted to the entire network for validation by consensus. This

process requires a definite amount of time, during which there is a

possibility of changes in the external terms of the contract. In this

instance, all of the AI virtual machines in all of the validation nodes will

validate the completeness and executability of each term in the

contract.For an additional contract fee, the validation nodes can

the contract to ascertain if there are any loopholes that can be

exploited. Once the validation process is complete, the executable

contract will be automatically run on the blockchain.

There is always the possibility of unforeseen external

circumstances occurring during the automated execution of a smart

contract for an asset transaction, which could cause a vulnerability in

the contract. Throughout the execution process, the automatic

assessment mechanism in the AI virtual machine will reference the

secure rules framework of the system and implement patches for the

contract according to the rules. If there is a dispute between

participants, or the smart contract is unable to execute as expected,

the virtual machine in the IDA Ecosystem will develop a resolution

using the AI knowledge database.

2. AI security training logic for transactional smart contracts

Workflow chart for executing digital asset transactions with

smart contracts

IDA provides rich and standardised developer tools to create

applications in the IDA Ecosystem：

Private Chain Developer Tools

IDA User Interface

A user interface is indispensable for participating inthe IDA

Ecosystem, allowing users to update data, access their wallets, and use

tools and plugins。

IDA Developer Framework

To streamline the developer workload for users who wish to create

their own applications, IDA will continuously update the developer

framework with validated modules created by others to be adapted

for new applications。

If users want to use test applications on the main chain, loading

the entire blockchain and network for synchronisation will influence

testing efficiency and effectiveness, but testing on a private chain can

avoid this issue. IDA provides users with a convenient private chain

developer tool, which simplifies the testing workflow and provides an

ideal testing environment。

AI Virtual Machine

Smart Support Tools

The AI in the system will be self-optimizing based on all

application upgrades that are published across the IDA system, as well

as the wealth of blockchain source files provided by IDA, in order to

offer users smart development support tools. The tools will analyse

the code under development and provide suggestions to improve

efficiency and lower the occurrence of bugs。

If users want to create more intelligent applications， which have

been analysed by AI algorithms, the AI virtual machine can run

evolutionary simulations to recommend valuable additional features。

Functionality of the IDA Cross-chain Technology

As the influence of the IDA Ecosystem expands, it is likely that

additional public blockchain projects from other public chains will

want to issue digital assets in the IDA Ecosystem. To promote the

development of new businesses, the IDA Ecosystem will employ a

multi-chain architecture to support numerous parallel asset chains

integrated into a control chain. Even though the consensus

mechanism, parameters and algorithms along the multiple asset

chains may differ, the control chain can create uniform transaction of

assets along the different chains。

SDK Open ServiceInterface

To simplify a number of projects and accelerate new end users and

asset holders in the ecosystem, IDA will provide basic API and

standardised mini-client SDK packages for the blockchain。

SDK

Package

Asset holders and other platform users can use the API for the IDA

Ecosystem to access the ecosystem and complete various forms of

digital asset transactions。

Multi-lingual and Multi-endUser Support

The IDA Asset DigitisationPlatform is a global platform for

exchanging digitised assets. The IDA SDK tools and API are primarily in

English, and support French, Russian, Japanese, Korean, Chinesein a

total of 27 languages to support users around the world。

IDA also supports a range of user interfaces including Android,

IOS, web, and client。

API Open Interface

SDKPackage

7.SampleProjet

Laos Old-growth Timber Assets

To accelerate the time to market launch and lay the foundations for

the platform, IDA is working with Derun (Laos) Investment Trade Limited

Corporation to digitise their timber resources. The Derun Laos Company

(abbreviation for this White Paper) will issue an MRT for its natural

resources and sell these MRT to the global market in exchange for IDA

Token.

Project Overview

On March 11 of 2016, Derun Laos Investment Trade Limited

Corporation signed an agreement for the timber rights near the Nam

Theun No 1 Hydroelectric Dam in the Bolikhamxay province.The The

logging period is designated to end after all the timber had been

extracted in the agreed area or whenthe area is completely

submerged, whichever is earlier. In November 6 of 2017, Derun Laos

Company was granted 9,400 hectares for logging and processing.

An Abundant Source of Natural Resources

In July of 2016, the Institute of Forestry Sciences Research at the

National University of Laos conducted a comprehensive survey of the

5,500 hectares of old-growth forest surrounding the Number One

Hydroelectric Dam in Nam Theun：

The survey covered 3,537 hectares of primarily evergreen

broad-leaved forest and seasonal broad-leaved forest. The study

found that there were approximately 434,000 cubic metres of forest

containing trees of a circumference greater than 20 centimetres —

approximately 53,000 cubic metres with trees of a circumference

between 20-59 centimetres, and another 381,000 cubic metres of trees

with a circumference greater than 60 centimetres. The genus variety

of the forest includes Hopea, Sindora, Calophyllum and Vatica, etc。

In the 5,500 hectares of land around the Nam Theun Number One

Hydroelectric Dam, the area of fuelwood, or burnable timber, with

trees of over 20 centimetres in circumference is approximately 237,000

cubic metres; the area with trees of circumference under 20

centimetres is approximately 685,000 cubic metres. The area also has

an abundance of wild-grown Coptis Chinensis Franch, Ganoderma

Lucidum (Lingzhi) and Dendrobium Nobile Lindl which can be used for

medicinal purposes

Operations Timeframe

The Derun Laos Company invested over 30 million USD for the

legal timber rights to this area and began harvesting in November of

2017. They added 80 kilometres of logging roads through the region

and have cleared about 30,000 cubic metres of timber from trees with

circumference of over 50 centimetres. The Derun Laos Company is

working with 7 lumber processing factories as well as running a

lumber processing factory of its own. Including the Chinese finishing

factories and the planned addition of two more self-run processing

factories, in total there are approximately 20 factories working on the

project. The volume of processed lumber has surpassed 200,000 cubic

metres. A fuelwood factory will be completed in 2018, when sales

revenue-profit ratio is projected to be over 80%。

IDA is using a capacity building expansion plan to make improvements in

the following areas of sustainable development：

1. Use strategic partnerships to expand the breadth and sophistication

of the local industry, while introducing advanced technology,

value-added finishing capabilities, and a global sales network etc

2. Introduce European-North American standards for finished products,

expand product diversity, increase production standards — maintain a

harvesting ratio of 60% planted to 40% old-growth forest while

increasing primary forest usage by 2.5 times, and build new logistical

capacity for material transport

3. Ongoing purchase and planting of Eucalyptus forest to preserve the

habitat and ensure a future for the industry

4. Value-added refined processing can increase sales profits from

eucalyptus and natural forest products, from ￥1,000 yuan to ￥6,000.

This represents approximately a 13-time boost in revenue, which is

equivalent to a 6-time increase in profit and 2.5-time higher utilisation

rate

Sustainable Development and Profit Growth Plan

Project MRT sale

IDA has partnered with the National University of Laos and

DeHeng Law Offices to conduct an exhaustive survey of the Laos

forest and assessment of the project.Please see the attached report for

details of the study. In accordance with the findings of the study, the

total value of the timber resources is estimated at ￥3.85 billion RMB.

For this project, IDA an estimated ￥3 billion RMB worth of MRTswill

be issued against these assets for circulation on the platform。

8.TokenIssuing MechanismIssuance mechanism

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8.1 Issuing MRTs

In this regard, MRT can be viewed as a solid safe haven just

like the USDT, supporting the steady development of the

ecosystem。

The Derun Laos Company timber harvesting project has already

been accepted into the IDA digital asset ecosystem and has issued an

MRT as the founding stakes in the ecosystem。

10 billion MRTs have been issued against the rights to the 9,400

hectares of original timber, anchored in the 100% yield valuation of

￥3 billion RMB. Therefore, each of the 10 billion MRT can be valued at

￥0.3 RMB. The MRT sale is projected to raise 1.596 billion IDA Tokens

through the platform to support development of the ecosystem。

The current projected funds raised for one MRT is ￥ 0.3 RMB,

hence the MRT from the timber harvesting project will serve as the

pioneer project of the IDA Ecosystem。

MRTs will not be listed on any exchanges, so the offering price

of ￥0.3 RMB will remain a fixed value。

8.2 Issuing the IDA Token

Round 1: An early stage contribution round in July 2018.

Key feature: The official launch of the IDA Ecosystem.

The first token round will issue 2.6% of the set volume, or 0.26 billion

IDA Tokens to raise $6.148 million-dollar equivalent of MAN/BTC/ETH.

The main participants in the first round will be early stage contributors

and private purchasers. Proceeds will be used for developer costs, R&D

to advance IoT asset tracking and cross-chain technologies, expanding

overseas markets, community incentives, administrative staff, legal

counsel and discretionary spending.

The total supply of IDA Tokens will be 10 billion, with no additional

expansion. The first round will issue 1.596 billon IDA Tokens, to be

purchased with MAN/ETH/BTC. The primary usagewill be as follows:

Early stage contribution:total of 3.96%, locked for 360 days, a total

of 396 million IDA Tokens.

Private purchasers: total of 12%, a total of 1.2 billion IDA Tokens.

IDA Foundation (hereafter “the Foundation” for the purpose of

this WhitePaper): total of 40.04%, a total of 4.004 billion IDA Tokens.

Technology development:total of 9%, a total of 900 million IDA

Tokens.

Ecosystem building:total of 12%, a total of 1.2 billion IDA Tokens.

Community development:total of 10%, a total of 1 billion IDA

Tokens.

Operations:total of 7%, a total of 700 million IDA Tokens.

Team portion:total of 6%, a total of 600 million IDA Tokens.

Restrictions and locking mechanism

Locking for early stage contribution

Early stage

contributionunlocking

schedule

Unlocked percentage Volume of IDA Tokens

Unlocked after 90 days 25% 99,000,000




Locking for team portion

Locking for team portion

Team unlocking

schedule

Unlocked percentage Volume of IDA Tokens

Original unlocked

amount

10% 60,000,000

Unlocked after 6

months

15% 90,000,000

Unlocked after 12

months

15% 90,000,000

Unlocked after 18

months

15% 90,000,000

Unlocked after 24

months

15% 90,000,000

Unlocked after 30

months

15% 90,000,000

Unlocked after 36

months

15% 90,000,000

9.Development TimelineDevelopment of a roadmap

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2019 Q1：

-Completion of the IDA Digital Asset Platform on public

blockchain

- The Derun LaosCompany timber asset project will begin

trading in the IDA Ecosystem

2019 Q3：

-One to two additional qualifying projects related to rare

resources with pricing rights will begin trading in the IDA

Ecosystem

2018 June：

- Laos timber assets enter the IDA ecosystem

- IDA and MATRIX kick off joint development of the IDA asset

digitization public blockchain

- Sigfox provides IDA with global IoT technology solutions

2018 July：

- The IDA White Paper 1.5 in Chinese, English and Korean

- Start building the global community

2018 August：

- Global roadshow

- Complete token sale for establishing the Foundation

2018 September：

- Anticipate expansion of global asset holders

- Complete initial pledge of assets

2018 October：

- Establish the basecamp for Southeast Asian Timber

2018 November：

- Develop the IDA public chain

- Internet of Things infrastructure

2018 December：

- Launch IDA online entrepreneur portal

2019January ：

- Launch the IDA blockchain research project

2019February：

- Launch the IDA digital media project

2019March：

-Complete the IDA public blockchain

-Laos timber assets on the blockchain

2019April：

- Completion of the IDA platform

2019May：

- Development of VR/AR system

2019June：

- Build the MRT marketplace

- Establish the basecamp for East Asian Herbal Medicine

-Release of the cross-chain digital wallet

2019July：

- Anticipate circulation of digitized assets tied to MRT entering

the IDA ecosystem

- Anticipate 1-2 additional rare resource projects entering the

IDA ecosystem

2019August：

- Completion of the VR/AR system

2019September：

- Anticipate high-value digitized enterprise equities tied to MRT

entering the IDA ecosystem

- The New Commercial Asset Economy Forum

2019October：

- Anticipate to expand the system for commercial assets tied to

MRT to include tangible goods, liquid assets, and equities

2020：

- Global expansion for the IDA digital asset ecosystem

Foundation

10.The FoundatinFoundation

The IDA Foundation ( “ the Foundation ” ) is an independent,

non-profit and democratic governance structure to oversee the project

to develop the IDA Ecosystem。

The Foundation is the top-level organisation, with executive

decisions made by the Board of Directors backed by the supporting

committees for risk mitigation. Their structure is as follows：

The Executive Committee ： is responsible for developing and

implementing long-term planning, establishing the articles of

incorporation and governance, researching and approving feasibility

studies for new projects, as well as managing daily operations。

The Risk Management Committee：will research and implement risk

mitigation practices, establish risk management standards, assess all

operational risks, convene project risk assessment meetings and publish

the aggregated findings。

The Remuneration and HR Committee ： will establish and update

remuneration and incentive structures, audit the organisational structure

and its roles, as well as carry out talent acquisition。

The Auditing Committee ：is responsible for conducting audits of

operations, finance, source code and token destruction, etc。

The efficient governance of the Foundation will be key to attracting

new participants to the ecosystem, maximising its value creation, as well

as utilisingongoing development and service to acquire new talent for

the platform. Over time the management and maintenance of the IDA

Platform will become increasingly decentralised and self-regulating

through official protocol

The Foundation will dedicate a fixed allocation of resources to

realising the management and development goals of its mission. The

funding in IDA Tokens will be progressively dispensed from a 20% locked

amount. A reparations mechanism will also mete out penalties, which will

be intelligently used to help pay for the incentive structure and

incentivise the Foundation to continuously perfect the risk mitigation

system。

11.The Team and AdvisosTeam and consultant

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He has over ten years of executive management experience in

finance. He is a database management expert for the Ministry of

Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS) in the PRC. He

is also Secretary of Financial Organisation Group of the

MOHRSS Entrepreneurial Alliance, as well as an alliance mentor.

He is a special advisor for Cybernaut China Ventures. He has

managed investments of more than ten billion dollars, with rich

experience in investment banking, traditional finance, supply

chain financing, and funding Internet companies. He has

expertise in media, business model design and operations

management. He was an early-state investor in RSK, Oben(Pai),

Portal, and MATRIX.

Arthur He

-IDA Founder

-IDA CEO

-He has an MBA from Southwestern

University of Economics and Finance

-He is co-founder of the International Digital

Asset Management Co. Ltdwhere he serves

as Chief Executive Officer

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He has 8 years of overseas experience in investment and

managed corporate acquisitions valued at over ￥ 10 billion

RMB. Li is active in developing Belt and Road Initiatives, leading

financing on multiple national-level investment projects. He

also has over five years of overseas project management

experience, working on government projects throughout

Southeast Asia where he established strong connections with

official channels.

Lee Li

-IDA co-founder

-IDA CMO

-General Manager of IDA Overseas

Development

-Li holds a degree from the University of

Pennsylvania Wharton School of Business

Wang has sixteen years of experience as a member of the Office

of Mediation on Belt and Road Initiative projects and has a

strong track record working in investments and capital markets.

He served as chief legal advisor to more than ten companies

listing on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. Wang is

a globally recognised international law partner. He led 10

investment acquisition projects valued at more than ￥ 100

billion RMB, including the asset securitisation of ABS

engineering designs and participated in IPO guidance for

numerous companies.

Walter Wang

-IDA co-founder

-IDA CLO

-IDA Chief Risk Management Officer

-Legal and General Manager of

International Operations

Blunt Huai

-IDA CIO

-IDA Chief Network Architect

Huai holds dual degrees in engineering and literature. He was

the core technology developer behind witee.io and founder of

the Hello Token community. Huai is the founder of Xi'an

Ethereum Web Technologies Ltd. He is a smart contract

researcher at Zhizi Xinxi company in Taiwan. Huai is also the

technology partner at Token Book and project advisor at

Community Chain.

Kongkeo Saysongkham

-Dr. Saysongkhamis the current Provincial

Governor of Bolikhamxay, Laos.

-He was also the former Provincial

Delegate Secretary for the tenth gathering

of the Laos People's Revolutionary Party

and former Department Head of the Laos

Bolikhamxay Provincial Assembly.

Niu is a pioneer in blockchain investing, with more than 20

years in finance investment. He possesses rich experience in

global asset allocation, as well as deep mastery of investment

theory and management with U.S. stocks, A-shares, HKEx,

options, derivatives, and digital assets. Niu is seasoned in

overseas M&A, fund management and asset exchange. He

participated in the acquisition of many American companies

including OmniVision, Montage Technology, and Akrion;

consolidating experience in the emerging technology and

semiconductor industries.

JunLing Niu

Advisor

He is the Managing Director at China

Growth Capital and CEO of China Growth

Data.

Jared Ma

Advisor

-Ma holds a Ph.D in education，as well as

degrees in medicine and management.

Ma is the Investment Partner at the Chongqing Wanye Meike

Equity Investment Fund Management Company.He is a

Secretary of the Board-certified members of the China

Securities Regulatory Commission. Ma was awarded the 2016

"Most Promising Young Investor" by the Zhongguancun Equity

Investment Association. Ma was anentrepreneur mentor in the

final for the national 2017 Chinese Innovative Entrepreneurship

Competition, in the biopharmaceutical field. Ma was also

awarded "Outstanding Young Investor" in traditional Chinese

medicine by the Zhongguancun Equity Investment Association.

Yanick YAN

-Yanick YAN, holds a Master of Science in

Intelligent Equipment from Nankai

University

-Yan is the Senior Director of Sigfox

Global Ecology Chain and Strategic

Products in China

Yan has extensive business experience in the Internet of Things

and is responsible for Sigfox's global business promotion.

Sigfox is the international narrow-width IoT operator with the

most mature commercial operations, the most extensive

network coverage and the most advanced application

scenarios. He has served as a global leader in automotive

technology, industrial technology and sensor technology. He is

the Director of Market and Business Development for the

Asia-Pacific Region of the Sensors Division of the Bosch Group

in Germany, directly involved in the most advanced cooperation

and development of the global IoT industry.

Clark Luo

Advisor

-Luo holds a degree from Hejun

Business School at Northcentral

University.

-He is Graduate Advisor in the

Accounting Research Centre at the

Chongqing Commercial University

- He is an executive board member at

iSeeSCM

Luo had former experience in research institutes and the

military before transitioning to finance and investment banking.

Luo holds two national patents for combining scientific

research, finance and operational management. He has

conducted negotiations with over 30 Chinese publicly listed

companies, and five publicly listed Hong Kong companies. Luo

led investment in 10 companies and is currently leading supply

chain investment and management for a company listed on the

Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

Feng Meijuan

-She is former general superintendent

of human resources department of

Lenovo

-general manager of Beijing HSBC

Zhuozhong Investment Management

Co., Ltd

- she is also a business management

consultant

Han Dongmei

-Chairman of Hua Mulan (Beijing)

Investment Management Co., Ltd

-Chairman of the Canadian Coin Spring

Exchange

In May 2009, She established China’s first women’s local fund

“Hua Mulan Fund” , and held the “First Women’s Economic

Impact Forum” successfully in May, 2009. She is committed to

providing help and entrepreneurial opportunities for women

entrepreneurs who are entrepreneurs in commercial real estate,

healthcare, modern agriculture, consumer chains, cultural

media, energy conservation and environmental protection. She

is the former President of the Peking University HSBC Business

School student association, serving more than 20,000 financiers

and industrialists around the world, has a strong influence in the

financial field.

He focuses on traditional industrial upgrading, industrial

finance and blockchain. He is the author of "Social Media

Operations", "Fans Economy", "O2O Practice", "Token Economic

Design Model" and other related works.

Fan Kaiye

-he is the Founder of Hantuo Cloud Chain

-Partner of Matrix Think Tank and the

Executive Director of Linda Holdings

(1041HK)

- He is also the Director of Chinese

Agriculture Puhuijinfu, Adjunct Professor

of Nanjing University Jinling College

Jie Qin

Vice Presidient of State Street Global

Advisors and International Chartered

Financial Analyst. State Street is a top 3

global investment company and the top

asset management company in the word,

managing trust funds valued at 21.8

trillion USD.

12.Partners

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Co Construction

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13.Legal AdvisoriesLegal affairs

13.1 Risk Disclosure1. Systemic risk：refers to the potential for a confluence of system-wide

factors to cause a change in expected returns. If they were to occur, such

factors could potentially influence all of the projects on the blockchain.

For example, regulatory risk presents the possibility that regulation could

negatively impact participants. There are also market risks, for example, if

the entire market value of the digital asset market was overvalued,

participants might not be able to realise expected returns. Systemic risks

also include unpreventable factors, including but not limited to natural

disasters, a worldwide crash of the supporting computer network, or

political instability.

2. Risk of regulatorylack：with the inclusion of the IDA Ecosystem, the

exchange of digital assets contains a high degree of uncertainty. Since

the field of digital asset exchange does not yet have clear and strong

regulation, there can be large upswings and downturns, with the risk of

internal manipulation. Individuals lacking sufficient experience should

prepare themselves for strains to assets and psychological wellbeing due

to market instability.

3. Risk from introducing new regulations： if regulatory authorities

enact restrictive regulation in this field, the conversion value of the IDA

Token could be influenced, including but not limited to, fluctuations and/

or restrictions in price and liquidity.

4. Team risk：In the present blockchain field, there are many projects

with intense competition for talent. There is strong market competition

and pressure on projects. Whether or not a project can achieve success in

such a competitive landscape and win widespread recognition is tied to

the ability of the team and its planning. There are many market factors

that could cause the competitive landscape to make success less likely.

5. Project planning and sales risk：The IDA project team will spare no

effort to realise the development goals of the project plan and expand

the potential growth. There could be contingencies that arise in

implementing the project that require modifications to the project plan.

If participants in the conversion plan do not receive the new details of

the plan in a timely manner or the public lacks an understanding of the

new developments, this could cause an asymmetry of information and

lack of public knowledge of the project, which might affect the later

development of the project.

6. Project technology risk：this project is founded on cryptography,

and rapid developments in this area could bring risks for blockchain. The

distributed ledger technologies and decentralised, non-editability

technologies of blockchain that support industry development are

currently being developed by this project. There is the risk of a potential

security loophole, in which case a patch will be quickly updated, but

there is no guarantee about the extent of detrimental impact.

7． Conversion risk for tangible goods： MRTs are anchored to equities

and ownership of tangible goods. All asset holding parties share a

responsibility for the convertibility of the goods.

8. Risk of hacking or fraud ： the cybersecurity risks to any given

individual involve relatively small sums, but the combined financial risk

for all platform participants is significant. One characteristic of the

blockchain technology is supporting anonymity and non-traceability,

which could be exploited for illegal activity, a hacker attack, or illegal

transfer of funds.

9. Unforeseeable risks：the potential risks briefly mentioned above are

not exhaustive and there are other risks (as more particularly set out in

the Terms and Conditions) associated with your purchase, holding and

use of IDA Token, including those that the Foundation or the Distributor

cannot anticipate. With the ongoing evolution of blockchain

technologies and industry developments, in the future, the IDA

Ecosystem could be exposed to currently unidentified risks. Before

participants choose to engage in the project, they should have a

thorough understanding of the team and entire project framework to

properly adjust expectations for a reasonable return on digital currency

returns.

13.2 DisclaimerThis White Paper is an introduction to potential token holders of the

IDA Asset DigitisationPlatform and matters pertaining to token

transactions. The information contained herein makes no guarantee of

completeness and does not constitute a contractual agreement. The sole

purpose of the White Paper is to provide potential token holders with

detailed information about the IDA Token in order for them to make an

informed decision on whether to buy it.

This White Paper is not intended as a prospectus for commercial

investment, nor is it an incitement to invest in any legal territory. This

document was not drafted with the purpose of defining or upholding the

terms and conditions or laws of any judiciary body as they pertain to

investors. Some descriptions, estimates and financial information

contained in this White Paper are forward looking projections.

The forward-looking descriptions and information contain known

and unknown risks, as well as uncertain factors. The actual results and

outcomes and forward-looking statements in this document can have a

material difference. The English version of the IDA White Paper will be

taken as the official information regarding the offering of the IDA Token.

The materials in this document may be translated into additional

languages or adapted by prospective clients, partners and other parties

in written materials or oral communication. In instances of translation,

repurposing, or conveying information contained in this White Paper,

details and relationships might be lost, corrupted or distorted. Hence,

the authenticity of such translated, repurposed or third-party

conveyedinformation cannot be guaranteed. In case of any dispute or

discrepancies arising from such translation, repurposing or conveying of

information, the English version of the IDA White Paper shall prevail. IDA

does not condone its users inevading any regulations of asset control or

investment in foreign assets.

Purchasing IDA Tokens may involve a high degree of risk. Please read

about the associated risks in the section outlining conditions and token

generation conditions (abbreviated below as “ Conditions “ ). Before

deciding to purchase IDA Tokens, please ensure that you can satisfy the

conditions detailed in the related guarantee and disclaimer. Some legal

jurisdictions where this White Paper, related proposals or IDA Token

promotions are circulated may restrict the purchase of tokens. Document

users are advised to exercise proper legal precautions and actions to

uphold the laws of these jurisdictions.

Any behaviour or situation that breeches related regulations

constitute breaking the laws of the territory.

The IDA Token is not registered with the U.S. 1993 Securities Act nor

registered in any U.S. legal jurisdiction or state judiciary.

If you meet any of the following conditions, you are not eligible to

purchase any IDA Tokens:：

1. A green card holder, citizen, or permanent resident of the United

States (according to tax status or otherwise), or an individual holding

residence or property in the United States (according to tax status

orotherwise),including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands or other

U.S. territory.

2. A citizen or permanent resident of the People’s Republic of China

(according to tax status or otherwise), oran individual holding residence

or property in the People’s Republic of China (according to tax status or

otherwise).

If you do not meet any of these listed conditions, you certify that you

are eligible to purchase IDA Tokens and have the ability to register assets

in the IDA Ecosystem, absolving IDA of all legal responsibility in any

jurisdiction. You also certify that you are in possession of the requisite

certificates, authorisations, or exceptions (where applicable) to register

assets and issue tokens on the platform. IDA provides no guarantee and

assumes no liability for failure to fully comply with any of the

aforementioned conditions.

It is your individual responsibility to guarantee that participation in a

token sale does not violate any laws in your country of residence or

nationality.

14.Related Attachments

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