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The Wireless The Wireless RevolutionRevolution
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• Identify the principal wireless transmission media and devices, cellular network standards and generations, and standards for mobile Web access
• Describe the major standards for wireless networks and for wireless Internet access
• Evaluate the role of m-commerce in business and describe the most important m-commerce applications
OBJECTIVES
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• Assess the business value of wireless technology and describe important wireless applications in business
• Identify and describe the challenges posed by wireless technology and management solutions
OBJECTIVES (Continued)
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The Wireless Revolution The Wireless Revolution
• Mobile phones have become mobile platforms for delivering digital data, used for recording and downloading photos, video and music, Internet access, and transmitting payments.
• An array of technologies provides high-speed wireless access to the Internet for PCs and other wireless handheld devices and cell phones.
• Businesses increasingly use wireless to cut costs, increase flexibility, and create new products and services.
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
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Mobile Versus Fixed-line Subscribers Worldwide
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
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• Wireless communication helps businesses easily stay in touch with customers, suppliers, and employees.
• Wireless networking increases worker productivity and output, as workers take less time to establish contact with people and to access information.
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Business Value of Wireless Networking Business Value of Wireless Networking
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THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
• Companies can save on wiring offices, moving, and making network changes by using wireless networks.
• Wireless technology has also been the source of new products, services, and sales channels in a variety of industries, e.g. OnStar, Starbucks “hot spots”.
Business Value of Wireless Networking (Continued)
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• All wireless media rely on various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
• Microwave systems transmit high-frequency radio signals through the atmosphere.
• Communication satellites are used for geographically dispersed organizations.
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Wireless Transmission Media and Devices Wireless Transmission Media and Devices
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Frequency Ranges for Communications Media and Devices
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
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Amoco’s Satellite Transmission System
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
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THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Devices for Wireless Transmission:
• Paging systems
• E-mail handhelds
• Cellular telephones
• Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
• Smart phones
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THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Standards:
• Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)
• Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Cellular Network Standards and Generations Cellular Network Standards and Generations
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THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Cellular Generations:
• 1G: Analog cellular networks for voice communication
• 2G: Digital wireless networks, primarily for voice communication; limited data transmission capability
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THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
• 2.5G: Interim step toward 3G in the United States
• 3G: High-speed; mobile; supports video and other rich media; always-on transmission for e-mail, Web browsing, instant messaging
Cellular Generations: (Continued)
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THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Mobile Wireless Standards for Web Access
• Wireless Application Protocol (WAP): Uses Wireless Markup Language (WML) and micro-browsers
• I-mode: Uses compact HTML and allows for continuous connection
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Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) versus I-mode
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
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WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) established a hierarchy of complementary standards for established a hierarchy of complementary standards for wireless computer networks. wireless computer networks.
Global Wireless Network Standards:
• IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth) for the Personal Area Network (PAN)
• IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) for the Local Area Network (LAN)
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WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
• IEEE 802.16 (WiMax) for the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• IEEE 802.20 (proposed) standard for the Wide Area Network (WAN)
Global Wireless Network Standards: (Continued)
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WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Bluetooth
• Can link up to 8 devices in 10-m area
• Low power requirements
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WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Wi-Fi
• Three standards: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g
• Infrastructure mode: Devices use access point to communicate with wired network
• Ad-hoc mode (peer-to-peer): Wireless devices communicate directly with each other
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A Bluetooth Network (PAN)
WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
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An 802.11 Wireless LAN
WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
• M-commerce: The use of the Internet for purchasing goods and services and also for transmitting messages using wireless mobile devices
• Mobile computing: Enables internet-enabled cell phones, PDAs, and other wireless computing devices to access digital information on the Internet from any location
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Global M-Commerce Revenue, 2000–2005
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
M-Commerce Services and Applications
• Information-based services: Instant messaging, e-mail, searching for a movie or restaurant using a cell phone or handheld PDA
• Transaction-based services: Purchasing stocks, concert tickets, music, or games; searching for the best price for an item using a cell phone and buying it in a physical store or on the Web
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
• Personalized services: Services that anticipate what a customer wants based on that person’s location or data profile, such as updated airline flight information or beaming coupons for nearby restaurants
M-Commerce Services and Applications (Continued)
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Customer Personalization with the Ubiquitous Internet
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Accessing Information from the Wireless Web
• Wireless portals: Content and services optimized for smaller screens of mobile devices to steer users to the information they are most likely to need
• Voice portals: Accept voice commands for accessing Web content, e-mail, and other electronic applications from a cell phone or standard telephone
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Digital Payment Systems and M-Commerce
• Micro-payment systemo Individual service providers run their own
separate payment systemso Small payments added on to single bill
• Stored payment systemo Cell phone equipped with smart card storing
rechargeable electronic cash
• Mobile Wallets (m-Wallets): Store personal data to use in online transactions
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
M-Commerce Challenges
• Slow data transfer speeds on second-generation cellular networks, resulting in higher costs to customer
• Limited memory and power supplies
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M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
• More Web sites need to be designed specifically for small wireless devices.
• Keyboards and screens on cell phones are still tiny and awkward to use.
M-Commerce Challenges (Continued)
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WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship ManagementManagement
• Access customer account records and information at any time or location
Wireless CRM enables sales and field service professionals to:
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• Update customer accounts and deal information to update customer database instantaneously
• Receive alerts to important events
• Enter, perform, and update transactions and product information
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Management (Continued)
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Pitney Bowes’s Wireless CRM System
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
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Wireless Supply Chain Management (SCM) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
• Wireless supply chain management systems: Provide simultaneous accurate information about demand, supply, production, and logistics as goods move among supply chain partners
• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems: Provide a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
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How RFID Works
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
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Wireless Applications:
• Electronic Medical Record (EMR) retrieval
• Wireless note taking for patient charts
• Lab test results
• Prescription generation
• Medical databases
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless in Health CareWireless in Health Care
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Wireless Sensor Networks and Pervasive Computing
• Wireless sensor networks (WSNs): Networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
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• Pervasive computing: Wireless technologies are pushing computing into every facet of life, including cars, homes, office buildings, tools and factories; providing connections anywhere and anytime.
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Sensor Networks and Pervasive Computing (Continued)
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A Wireless Sensor Network
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
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MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Management Opportunities: Management Opportunities:
Wireless technology offers:
• Flexible business processes
• Business processes not limited by time or space
• New channel for communicating with client
• Source of new products and services
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MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Management Challenges: Management Challenges:
• Integrating wireless technology into the firm’s IT infrastructure
• Maintaining security and privacy
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MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Solution Guidelines: Solution Guidelines:
• Identifying areas in which wireless can provide value
• Creating a management framework for wireless technology
• Using a pilot program before full-scale rollout of wireless systems
The following are some of the guidelines for managing mobile technology in the enterprise: