The wonders of The wonders of OceanographyOceanography

Oceans cover 71% of the Earth’s surface

Is it the same thing as Marine Biology?

Study of the ocean, its surroundings, and life within it.

No, marine bio studies marine organisms’ anatomy, physiology, behavior; more individualistic.

1.Pacific2.Atlantic3.Indian4.Arctic5.Southern or

Antarctic Ocean

The five principal oceans

Indian

Southern or Antarctic

Artic

Pacific

Atlantic

Average depth of ocean- 4000m(2.5 miles)

Average temperature- 39oF (3.9oC)

Age of ocean- 4 billion years old

Ocean Area (square miles) Average Depth (ft) Deepest depth (ft)

Pacific Ocean 64,186,000 15,215 Mariana Trench, 36,200 ft deep

Atlantic Ocean 33,420,000 12,881 Puerto Rico Trench, 28,231 ft deep

Indian Ocean 28,350,000 13,002 Java Trench, 25,344 ft deep

Southern Ocean

7,848,300 sq. miles (20.327 million sq km )

13,100 - 16,400 ft deep (4,000 to 5,000 meters)

the southern end of the South Sandwich Trench, 23,736 ft (7,235 m) deep

Arctic Ocean 5,106,000 3,953 Eurasia Basin, 17,881 ft deep

Comparison of Oceans Size

BIOLOGY

BIOCHEMISTRY

OCEANOGRAPHYPHYSICS

GEOLOGY

CHEMISTRY

GEOPHYSICS

BIOPHYSICS

GEOCHEMISTRY

Physical Oceanography

How and why ocean currents flow, air-sea interactions such as the generation of waves by wind.

                                                                       

Chemical Oceanography

Composition of sea water and the processing controlling and altering its

composition, including marine pollution

Organisms that live in the ocean and their relationship to the environment

                                                      

Biological Oceanography

Study of rock structure in the ocean basin, properties of rocks such as

magnetism, occurrence of earthquakes.

Geological Oceanography

• collected thousands of biological and sea bottom samples

• traveled in every ocean except arctic• cruise directed by Charles Wyville Thompson• discovered Mariana

Trench (36,070 ft deep)

Charles Thomson & the voyage of the HMS Challenger (1872-1876)

Deepest spot- Marianas Trench (10,912m)

1960- Walsh & Piccard

Marianas Trench10,912 m

Mt Everest 8,863 m

http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/environment/habitats-environment/habitats-oceans-env/cameron-how-deep/

Glomar Challenger (1968)- drilling for deep sea sediments

Late 19th century – early 20th century:

•Founding a number of important marine laboratories, including coastal labs and open ocean labs.

                         

Founded 1903

Founded 1930

                                                  1888

Top Schools for oceanography Programs

Salary of an oceanographerThe Bureau of Labor Statistics groups

oceanographers in with geoscientists. As of 2012, the average salary was $106,780 a year. The top 10 percent of earners made at least $187,199, while the bottom 10 percent earned less than $48,270 annually.

Works cited

Severson, Dana. "How Much Money Does an Oceanographer Scientist Make in a Year?" Work. Hearst Newspapers, LLC, n.d. Web. 15 Aug. 2016.

"Programs in Marine Biology and Oceanography." Niche.com. Niche, n.d. Web. 15 Aug. 2016.

"Physical Oceanography." Physical Oceanography. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Aug. 2016

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Noaa, n.d. Web. 14 Aug. 2016.

"Cameron's Long Way Down: Mariana Trench." Cameron's Long Way Down: Mariana Trench. National Geographic, 3 June 2012. Web. 15 Aug. 2016.