The World to 1900

The Americas

Colonial Empires

• The French in America

• The British in America

• The Spanish in America

• Mercantilism

• Life in the Colonies

Key TermsCouncil of the IndiesMercantilism

The North American Revolution

• Seven Years’ War (1756-1763)

• American Revolution (1775-1783)

Key TermsSeven Years’ War

Haitian Revolution (1791-1804)

• Toussaint LouvertureKey Terms

Haitian RevolutionToussaint Louverture

Spanish American Revolutions (1810-1825)

• Tupac Amaru Rebellion (1780-1783)

• Simon Bolivar• Jose de San Martin• Miguel Hidalgo and Jose

Morelos

Key Termspeninsularescriollos (creoles)Tupac Amaru RebellionSimon BolivarJose de San MartinMiguel HidalgoJose Morelos

SOCIAL HIERARCHY

P

C

M & M

I & A

Peninsulares:Native Spaniards

Creoles:People of pureEuropean bloodBut born in theNew World

Mestizos: Indian +European blood

Mulattos:African +European blood

Indians and Africans

LEADERS

BOLIVAR

HIDALGO

MORELOS

SANMARTIN

SUMMARY BEFORE AFTER

POLITICAL

ECONOMIC

SOCIAL

Dictatorship of the Council of the Indies and

the Viceroys

Dictatorship of the Caudillos

Unequal trade relationship with Spain benefiting

Unequal trade relationship with Great Britain and the

U.S. benefiting

Native Spaniards at the top of the social ladder,

followed by creoles, and with the rest of the

population at the bottom

Creoles at the top of the ladder with the rest of the population at the bottom.

The United States (1800-1900)

Early Political Parties– Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans

Jefferson Administration (1801-1809)– Louisiana Purchase– The Essex Junto and Aaron Burr– African Slave Trade Ban– Problems with France and Britain

War of 1812Key Terms

FederalistDemocratic RepublicanWar of 1812

The United States (1800-1900)

The 1820’s– Missouri Compromise– Foreign Policy– New Political Parties

National Republicans vs. Democratic-Republicans

– Panama Debate

Jackson Administration (1829-1837)– Indian Policy– Annexation of Texas– Whigs vs. Democrats

Texas Becomes a State (1846)

Key TermsMonroe DoctrineNational RepublicansWhigs

The United States (1800-1900)

Mid-1800’s: Era of Reform– Reform Movements– Changing Status of Women– Beginnings of Nativism

Mexican-American War (1846-1848) Prelude to the Civil War (1850-1860)

– Formation of the Republican Party– Dred Scott Decision– John Brown’s Raid– Election of 1860

The Civil War (1861-1865) Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Key TermsDred Scott DecisionReconstruction

19th Century Latin America

Mexico– Agustin de Iturbide (1822-1823)– Constitution of 1824– Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna– Benito Juarez (1858-1872)

War of the Pacific (1879-1884)

Key TermsAgustin de IturbideAntonio Lopez de Santa AnnaBenito JuarezWar of the Pacific

The World to 1900The World to 1900

EuropeEurope

The French RevolutionThe French Revolution

The Moderate Stage (1789-1792)The Moderate Stage (1789-1792)– National Assembly Formed National Assembly Formed

(June 1789)(June 1789)– Fall of the Bastille (July 1789)Fall of the Bastille (July 1789)– ““Declaration of the Rights of Man Declaration of the Rights of Man

and the Citizen” (August 1789)and the Citizen” (August 1789)– Reforms of the National Assembly Reforms of the National Assembly

(1789-1791)(1789-1791)

Key TermsLouis XVIEstates GeneralDeclaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

The French Revolution (cont’d)The French Revolution (cont’d)

The Radical Stage (1792-1794)The Radical Stage (1792-1794)– Republic Established (Sept 1792)Republic Established (Sept 1792)– Execution of the King (Jan 1793)Execution of the King (Jan 1793)– The Committee of Public SafetyThe Committee of Public Safety– Rights of WomenRights of Women

The Directory (1795-1799)The Directory (1795-1799)

Key TermsCommittee of Public SafetyMaximilien RobespierreThe Directory

Napoleon Bonaparte (1799-1815)Napoleon Bonaparte (1799-1815)

The Consulate (1799-1804)The Consulate (1799-1804)– The The Code NapoleonCode Napoleon– ReligionReligion

As Emperor (1804-1810)As Emperor (1804-1810)– The Continental SystemThe Continental System– The Spanish UlcerThe Spanish Ulcer

The Fall of NapoleonThe Fall of NapoleonFirst ExileFirst ExileThe Hundred DaysThe Hundred DaysSecond ExileSecond Exile– Congress of Vienna (1815)Congress of Vienna (1815)

Key TermsNapoleon BonaparteCode NapoleonContinental SystemCongress of Vienna

Napoleon (cont’d)Napoleon (cont’d)

The Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution

Why Europe?Why Europe?The Agricultural RevolutionThe Agricultural RevolutionTechnological Change Since 1700Technological Change Since 1700– The Steam EngineThe Steam Engine– Electric PowerElectric Power– RailroadsRailroads– SteamshipSteamship

CommunicationsCommunicationsChanging Social PatternsChanging Social Patterns– AristocracyAristocracy– Middle ClassMiddle Class– Laboring Class Laboring Class

1919thth Century Ideologies Century Ideologies

SocialismSocialism– Karl Marx (1818-1883)Karl Marx (1818-1883)

LiberalismLiberalism– Louis Phillippe (1830-1848)Louis Phillippe (1830-1848)– Britain’s Great Reform BillBritain’s Great Reform Bill

ConservatismConservatismRevolutions of 1848Revolutions of 1848– France: Napoleon III (1851-1870)France: Napoleon III (1851-1870)– Revolution in ItalyRevolution in Italy– Revolution in GermanyRevolution in Germany

RomanticismRomanticismDarwinismDarwinism– Charles Darwin (1809-1882)Charles Darwin (1809-1882)– Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism

NationalismNationalism

Key TermsSocialismKarl MarxLiberalismConservatismRomanticismSocial DarwinismNationalism

The Italian Unification

Count Camillo di Cavour (1810-1861)

Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882)

Victor Immanuel II (r. 1861-1878)

Key TermsCamillo di CavourGiuseppe GaribaldiVictor Immanuel II

The Italian Unification

The German Unification

Otto von Bismarck (1862-1898)

War with Denmark (1864-1865)

War with Austria (1866) War with France

(Franco-Prussian War 1870-71) France’s Third Republic Key Terms

Otto von Bismarck

The German Unification

The World to 1900The World to 1900

AfricaAfrica

Nineteenth Century AfricaNineteenth Century Africa► Banning of the Slave TradeBanning of the Slave Trade► New Economic PatternsNew Economic Patterns► Rise of New Regional StatesRise of New Regional States

The Sokoto CaliphateThe Sokoto Caliphate Liberated Slave StatesLiberated Slave States

► Sierra LeoneSierra Leone► LiberiaLiberia

The Zanzibar Commercial The Zanzibar Commercial EmpireEmpire

The Zulu Kingdom and the The Zulu Kingdom and the Boer RepublicsBoer Republics

Key TermsUsman dan FodioSierra LeoneLiberiaZanzibarShaka ZuluBoer Republics

The only known drawing of Shaka

Nineteenth Century Africa Nineteenth Century Africa (cont’d)(cont’d)

► The Age of Imperialism in AfricaThe Age of Imperialism in Africa Factors that Facilitated ImperialismFactors that Facilitated Imperialism Colonization of the Congo BasinColonization of the Congo Basin The Occupation of EgyptThe Occupation of Egypt The Imperial ScrambleThe Imperial Scramble The Roots of African ResistanceThe Roots of African Resistance The South African War (1899-1902)The South African War (1899-1902)

► The Impact of Empire on AfricaThe Impact of Empire on Africa

Key TermsLeopold IISouth African War

Boer guerrillas during the South African War

The Shrinking Ottoman Empire

Reform and Rebellion The Tanzimat The Crimean War (1853-1856)

Nicholas I of Russia The Young Turks The Transformation of Egypt

Muhammad Ali (r. 1805-1848) The Suez Canal

Origins of Arab Nationalism The Maghrib

Muhammad AliKey Terms

The TanzimatCrimean WarMuhammad Ali

The British in India

The British East India Company

Indian Revolt of 1857

The Rise of Indian Nationalism Indian National

Congress

Key TermsIndian National Congress

Qing China (1644-1912)

The Manchu Conquest The Consolidation of Manchu Rule

Kangxi (1662-1722) Jesuits in China Height of the Qing Regime

Qianlong (1736-1795) White Lotus Rebellion (1796-1804)

Vietnam: Expansion and Foreign Influence

Chinese CultureKey Terms

ManchusKangxiQianlongWhite Lotus Rebellion

Qing China (cont’d)

Internal Problems The Opium Trade

Treaty of Nanjing (1842) Hong Xiuquan and the

Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)

The Empress Dowager (1861-1908)

Key TermsTreaty of NanjingTaiping RebellionEmpress Dowager

Tokugawa Japan

Western Compromise Civil War and Meiji

Restoration Mutsuhito (1867-1912)

Centralization and Western Adaptations

Key TermsMutsuhitoSaigo Takamorizaibatsu

The Impact of Imperialism in Asia

Southeast Asia and the West

Indonesia and the Dutch Japan vs. China in Korea

Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895)

Scramble for Chinese Concessions

Key TermsSino-Japanese War

The Chinese and Japanese Response

The Boxer Uprising The Russo-Japanese

War (1904-1905) End of the Qing

Empire (1912)

Key TermsBoxer UprisingRusso-Japanese WarYuan Shikai

Boxers fighting Eight-Nation Alliance

(English and Japanese soldiers depicted)

Boxers