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r,:l{ea! of Editorial: Martin Annable..:i[di6r: Brenda Marshall

lenior Art lditor: Jayne Swanson€raham €oleman.

Iditorial Alsistant:Georgina StewartPictun Research: Nic Dean,Sophie MortimerSenior Production [ontroller:Terence Strongmanllark*ing: John Balmondllead of [irculation:Chris Jenner

€raig Glenday, Felix Leiac,len Way

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ign::ledley Browne,

ACKIIOWLEDGEMEIITSauthors: Steven Dorril, Roy Stemman

Lionel & Patricia Fanthorpe;Randles, Paul Lay.

,.$,}g3car,Ihe Untold ltory oi

P0 8ox t58''63. Oennis Lee. I

,-j

he US public has come to accept b,van overwhelming majority - 89 percenl - lhat there \^as a conspiracy al

I the heart of the assassination ofPresidentJohn F. Kennecly in Dallas on 22November 19{r3. With the Cold War still inprogress, the US media accepted the wordof the new president, Lyndon B. Johnson,and the head of the FBI, J. Edgar Hoover,that President Kennedy had been kil led bya lone assassin - Lee Harvev Oswald.

It rvas also accepted that Oswald, avoung, social misfit and former marine witha gruclge against the world, had, in turn,beerr kil lecl in the late morning of 24November by another lone assassin - thesmall-tirne club ownerJack Ruby. It was notLurtil the micl-1960s that people began tonotice the discrepancy between the conclu-sions of the Warren.Commission - the offi-cial boclv established to inrrestigate the

assassination - and the 26volumes of evidence pul>lished in 1964.

But it was the independent investiga-tion started in 1967 by Jim Garrison, amaverick District Attorney in Nerv Orleans- r'vhere Oslvalcl had spent a number ofmonths during the summer of 1963 - thathelped spawn a whole series ofconspiracy theories. So rvhy are nine out often people convinced that the truth abor,rtKennedy's death u,as covered up?

PROOF OF A CONSPIRACY

In 1966, an FBI report was discovered inwhich two agents present at Kennedy'sautopsy noted that 'a tracheotomy haclbeen performed, as well as snrgery of thehead area, namell', the top of the skull'.Agent James Sibert iater confirmed thatthat rvas 'exactly what the doctor had said'.

On the basis of extensive and diligentinvestigation, David Lifton, the researcherwho noted the signi f icance of Siberr 's

tgB,ort, concluded in his book Best Euidence.*iat, 'during the six hours between the

;;Dallas assassination and the Bethesda

INaval Hospi ta l . Washingtonl autopsy.President Kennedy's body was interceptedand altered.' Lifton produced inexplicablelb'ut convincing medical evidence that twoambulances and two coffins had been usedto move the President's body to Bethesda.

Lifton proposed that the casket seen bymillions on television and accompanied bv

I hove desfroyed certqin

furelimlnory drofr notes retofing1,fq [JFK's] outopsy reporf qnd...

frqnsmitted oll other popers fo: o higher oufhority

' ^

blood-stainedJackie Kennedy was proba-bly empty and was used as a decoy, officiallyfor security reasons. To reinforce his the-

:lr' l ory, medical staff confirmed that

Kennedy's body had actually arrived at

-^. t^^r^:-- ^ ,^r^:-- - - -^-^r - - l -Bethesda in a plain. metal casket.

1f,," DrJomesJ. Humes, Novol Medicol Center, Bethesdo

: . -n\n

altered to hide the entry woundof a bullet from the front, whichwould have suggested the exis-tence of two gunmen and,hence, a conspiracy. Accordingto Lifton, the decision to do sohad been taken at the highestlevels of the US government.

MEDICAT EVIDENCE

Lifton's ideas would ha\.e enteredthe mix of conspiracy theoriesand been forgotten had it notbeen for the testimonies of anumber of medical experts. DrRobert McClelland, the surgeonwho performed the tracheotoml'on Kennedy's throat, said that theX-rays he had been allowed to seefor the first time in 1989 'do notshow the same injuries to thePresident's head that I saw in theemergency room'. The man nhomade some of the original X-raysin 1963, Jerrol Custor, was also

'=

shorvn the X-rays in 1989 and declaredthem to be 'fake', while Floyd Reibe, theautopsy photographer, thought the recentlr'released photographs'phony'.

That there was a conspiracy surround-ing the death of Kennedy is no longer ir.rdoubt. The real question now is: rvhcl killedthe President if i t was nor the lone sun-man, Oswald?

One of the first investigators to gir.e seri-ous consideration to this qlrestiolr \rasDistrict Attorney Jim Garrison. rr 'hoseenquiry forms the basis of Oliver Srone's

..:,

t Kennedy's outopsy

photogrophs were neyer

shown fo the Worren

Commission - qrtists'

impressions (inset) were

submitted insteod. When

the photos first surfoced

in 198t, reseorchers

noted how they differed

from the Commission

drorrings ond concluded

thot the body hod been

tompered with.

j :-+"*:

r : '==

Lifton also proposed that the gunshotwounds to the head had been surgical ly

=

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the Warren Commission, and, in the mid-1970s. rhe US Corrgress agreed to set up arrew enquiry. In the summer of 1979. theofficial Assassinations Committee reported,,that, while it believed Oswalcl had pulled.the trigeer. Kennedy 'was probably assassi-rrated as a resrr l t of a conspiracy' . TheCommi ttee's scier.r tifi c eviden ce pointed to.r,,a secorrd assassin on the Grassy I{nol l , thearea where many witnesses in Dealy Plaza:

on thal fatefrrl day had given testimonythat there was a gunman.

POINTING THE FINGER

The Committee concluded that the Mafiahad the 'motive, means and opportuniq'toassassinate President Kennedy' and named

two Mob bosses. Car los Marcel lo andSantos Trafficante, as the l ikely conspira-tors. I t a lso suggesred that the plot mayhave been supported by ant i -Castro

Cubans and, while it dismissed direct.American Intel l igence involvement,

thought it possible that rogue intelligence:

personnel had taken part. What connectedt l re three groups was Cuba.

Irrc leasirrs l r host i le to Fidel Castro andlr is strerrst l rerr i r rg t ies rv i th the Soviet

L ' r r iorr . the Ct. \ I rad dereloped an'Executile Actiorr' capabil iq' to performassassinations. In order to achieve itsobjective, the CIA recruited organizedcrime figures who had run the lucrative ,

gambling syndicates in Cuba before .Castro came to power. The CIA'S..::,: i

controversial hit movie, ,trK.Garrison investigated theactivit ies of a New Orleans

businessman, Clay Shaw. A

former wartime intell igence

officer with ties to the CIA,Shaw was accused of being partof a conspiracy with DavidFerrie, a contract pilot for theCIA's anti-Castro activit ies.

INCONCTUSIVE RESUTTS

Ferrie was a bizarre figure who disguisedhis lack of body hair with a red toupee andfalse eyebrows. Because of his connection

to the CIA's anti-Castro teams, Ferrie's

flight across Louisiana in the immediate

aftermath of the assassination had long

looked stu;picious. So when he was found

dead in mysterious circumstances, the ideaof CLA involvement in the assassinationbegan to look a serious possibility.

\\hile it was true that Carrison did

uncover new evidence, l inking Ferrie toOsrvalcl and CIay Shaw, he did not providea shred of evidence of Shaw's complicity inKennedl"s death. Nor did he uncover

Shaw's links to the Mafia - who are now

considered key players in the assassination.The Carrison investigation did, how-

ever, serve to highlight the inadequacies of

I

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V Two doys ofter the

qssossinolion, Lee

Oswold wos shot by

Jock Ruby, ond died 48

hours olmost lo lhe

minute ofter Kennedy.

Ruby, who spent the

resi of his lifu in o ioiloverlooking Deoley

Plozo, cloimed to hove

dcted olone, olrhough it

is.now known thor he

hod connections with

Oswold ond the Mofio.

.

, ' l

Tcchnic i r l Scrvices Dir , is ion developed

spikt '< l c iqars. t rp lodirru nl . / ( ) rs. l l \ \c l s l l i l

containing toxic chcmicals, lethal pi l ls,

and a pen \{ i th a neecl ic ancl poiscin fol i ts

\4af ia-becker l assasr i t raI iot t 'pcrr I i r ) r Is

against Castro.

Horveveq Kenncdl ' deciclecl to cut the

CIA's fr.rnds and ordeled thcm not to assist

in the campaign against Castro. As a

result, extrernist anticastro f lubans

believecl that Kennedl 'hacl 'solcl out ' the

Cuban people ancl label lecl him a ' traitor '

and a 'commturist ' .

Tire plots ag:rinst Castro pror,ecl to be a

.9

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j

.,,,,: ,1

comple te fai lure, and the \Iaf ia bosscs had

t ivt r r r rp hope that t l rer r r r i , l l r l l r t a l r l t ' to

retr ieve their casinos in f . l rba bv assassi-

nating Castro. By' 1963. thel rrere looking

for other, more ef l 'ect i le nleal ls to achieve

their ends.

THE GODFATHER

Mafia boss Santos Trafficante, rvho had

been inr,olr-ecl irr the CIA plots to kil lClastro, \\,as rcported as saying: 'This manKennedv is in trouble, and he r'vill getrvhat 's corning to him.. . He's going to behit. ' Trafflcatrte was angrv abor-rt theKennedr.brothers' war on organized crimeclircctecl against his friencls, Sam GiancanaanclJimrnv Hoffa, both of r,r'hom had liaised

l'ith the flLA in the anti-Castro assassination

plots. Union leader.fimrn,v Hoffa r'vas alsoheard expressing similar threats. Hoffa'slanl'er claimed, in 1994, that Hoffa hadsent him to New Orleans in 1963 to askTrafficante al)d local crime boss CarlosMarcello to organize the assassination.

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3

:t9=

..:.::

Marcello had been deported from theUS to Cuatemala in the summer of 1961 byAttorney General Robert Kennedy.

Secretly returning to the US, Marcelloissued a traditional Sicilian oath -'take thestone out of my shoe' . Marcel lo alsoclaimed that, 'He was going to arrange tohave President Kennedy murdered.' In

addition, Marcello claimed to have takenout 'insurance' by 'setting up a nut to takethe blame'.

The Assassinations Committee uncov-

ered evidence linking Oswald and his killer,

Jack Ruby, to the Marcelio crime organiza-tion. In addition, it is known that ex-CIApilot David Ferrie worked for Marcello.The Committee also established thatOsrvald's uncle, Charles 'Dutz' Murret, had'rrorked for years in the underworld gam-bling syndicate with the Carlos Marcellocrime family'. \Arhen Oswald was arrestedfor his part in a 'Fair Play for Cuba' meet-ing, Murret arranged for a mob figurerelated to Marcello to pay Oswald's bail. It

would have been possible for Marcello'sorganization to have 'spotted' Oswald as apossible scapegoat - a'patsy'.

John Martino, a friend of Mafia bossTrafficante, worked as a CIA contractagent r,vith the anti-Castro Cuban groups.Before he died, he stated that Oswald hadbeen set up bv the ar-rti-Castro Cuban

groups. Not knowing who he r,vas rvorking

for, Oswald was to be killed after the assas-

sination in the Texas Theater, the movie

house where he was finallv arrested. But

there was a hitch. 'There was no way we

could get to him,' Martino claimed. 'They

had Ruby kil l him.'

WHO WAS JACK RUBY?

Ruby now appears to have been a much

more significant figure, one with ties to

major organized crime figures and with

interests in Cuba, including gun-runnine.

In particular, Ruby had visited Santos

Trafficante several times in Cuba.

In a rarely seen television interview

before he died in prison, Ruby saicl, 'The

world will never know the true facts of what

occurred... because unfortunately these

people, who have so much to gain and

l f onyone wqnted loshoot the President of lhe

Unired Stqtes. . . q l l one hod todo wqs get o high bui ld ing

qnd o telescopic rif leJohn F. Kennedy, 22 November 1963

-Ernhave such an ulterior motive to put me in

the position I 'm in, wil l never let the"true

facts come above-board to the worlcl.'

Jimmy Hoffa disappeared in 1975, and

Giancana was murdered in the same year.

Both were due to give testimonl, about the

anti-Castro plots to the official investiga-

tions Committee. Forced by a subpoena,

Trafficante did testifu to the Committee

-oozl

33

j::i

v Florido's Mofio

boss, Sonlos

Trofficonte cqn now

be linked to the CIA

through Dovid Ferrie

(below left), o former

conlrocl ogent during

the CIA's ollempls lo

ossossinote €ubo's

Fidel €ostro. Mony

contemporory

conspirocy reseorchers

fovour rogue elements

within rhe ClA, rhe

onli-Costro groups

ond the Mofio os

co-conspirotors in the

plot ro kill Kennedy.

but declined to ans\\'er an,v questions relat-

ing to theJFK assirssination. Following

Giancana's murder. Tr-afficante was taped

by the FBI saying, '\on' onlv two people

are alive who knou' rr'ho killed Kennedy.

Arrd they aren' t ta lk inq. '

The other person rvho clid rtot talk may

have been the man rr-ho organized the

CIA's Executive Action against Castro -

William Harvey. Durins the attempts to

assassinate Castro, Harlev rtas in close

touch with the Mafia. He had an intense

hatred of the Kennech's fbr their failure to

support his anti-Castt'o cot.uuratrdos.

CONSPIRACY CONFIRMED

Before he died frorr cancer-, David Phillips,

the former senior CL\ officer rvho ran anti-

Cuban operatiorls in \Iexico City during

1963, confirrned to a researcher that JFKwas done in bv a conspiracy'. He added

that it rvas likelv to have included 'rogue

American intell igence people'.

The vierv that the Kennedy conspiracy

involvecl a Mafia, anti-Castro Cuban, and

rogue CIA alliance was strengthened by

the release in the early 1990s of millions of

files on the assassination. These files have

also helped to disprove a number of the

wilder theories. After years of confusion,

inadequate government investigation, con-

cealment and deliberate obstrlrction. the

truth about the world's most famous

murder may be, at last, in sight.

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' ra,r, H

tancling on a hillsideoverlookins the Turkishr i l lage of Hancagiz. Engirr

I Sungur turned to his parentsand said, 'I can see the villagewhere I used to live.' They knew,horvever, that he had onlv everlived with them in Tavla, a largevillage about 4 km from Hancagiz.

\{hat the two-year-olcl boy rvastelling them rvas that Hancagiz hadbeen his home village in a previouslife. Because the Sungurs are AleviMoslems who, unlike their SunniMoslem neighbours, believe inreincarnation, they reacted withcrrr iosi ty rather than der is ion.

'\\hose son are you?' they

asked. I am \aif Qigek,' hereplied. ancl began to tell themabout evenrs in his previous l ife,including rlte fact that he hadgone to -\nkara shortlv before hedied. Ensin rhen pleaded with hisparents to take l-rint to Hancagiz.

FAMITY MEETING

At first, the Sungurs, lvho hadnever heard of Naif Cicek, refused.But then not long afterr,vards, theyoung Engin came face-to-facewith Culhan Qigek, the dead man'sdaughter, who happened to beattendins the secondary school inTavla. He immediately addressedher as 'my claughter', tell ing the

:

''o"=."#!s. 4_

€m'.''..

alarmed girl that he was her father.Before th is incident rhere hadbeen no contact between the twofami l ies bur. r row. Engin 's mother

decided to take Ensin to Hato meet the rest of the family. ,,.i

The moment he met Naif ' ,,..::Qicek's widow. he cal led her 'my

wife ' and then ident i f ied at least '

.1rseven other members of Nai fs

family by name. rn. ri",r.'i", *.r,,on to poinr out land rhat he saidhad belonged to him in his pastl i fe. This rurned oul ro be correct ,even though the land did not :.,:,l;:,j

adjoin Naif's properry. He atso ,;accuratelv described how he fisd;.::,'1,

, i

=*

i#q

o'

: :..a...:tiabeen hit by a truck, driven by his

son, when it was backing up.

It also transpired that Naif had

indeed gone [o Ankara to see a

doctor. as Ensin had said. and had

died short ly af lerwards in

r 1979, aged 54. Engin

was born nearly th"ree years later

8 October 1982.

,;, ;,iingin's story is just one of over

?,000 similar cases studied by Dr

Ian Stevenson, over more than 30

years of painstaking research, as

',.l:.: possible evidence of reincarnation.

According lo Dr Sterelrson. a wide

,ipresent - to information about a,:,,furmer life passed on by a medium.

SPONTANEOUS RECALL

In Dr Stevenson's opiniort . mttch

of th is informat ion can be

discarded because the memories

',:, be ruled out.'.: ,, ,..,,, Engin Sungur's case, howeveq is

another matter. Dl Stevenson has

nd that spontaneous pastlife

:col lect ions of yorLng chi ldrerr arc

rally more lucid and complete

ln any other accounl . More

Journal of the American Society for Psychical Reseqrch

Table ISvNopsrs or Srerruexrs on Excrx SuNcun

zto

l I can see my village where I used to live.2. lamNaif . . .3. Qigek.4. I went to Ankara . . .5. before I died.6. Called Gtilhan "my daughter."7. I am your.father.8. My son hid in kiln used for baking.9. Called Naifs wife "my wife."

10. Called at least seven other family members by name.11. This is my land.12. I made this myself. [tin into oil lamp]13. Talked about being hit by his own truck . . .14. when his son Fikret accidentally backed into him.15. Recognized Naif's truck.16. Identified himself as father of Naif's son Fikret.17. You are not taking good care of this truck.18. Recognized taxi (dolmus) drivers Naif knew.19. I had asked for a loan of money from my sister Nazire . . .20. but Nazire had refused.21. I had asked for a loan of money from my sister Kiirciye (he gave

her Arabic name) . . .22. and Ktirciye gave him the money.

Correct?

f

Y

vvvvv

vvv

v

vv??,|

occasions as soon as he is able tcr

speak. These memories then begin

to fade around the age of six or

seven. Often, the child persists in

making strch claims even wheu the

rest of the family is unreceptive.

Memories are frequentll'

accompanied by manr-rerisms and

speech patterns that correspond to

the previous personalitl'. In Eusirt's

case, for example, Naif 's'nidciu'

1t-There is enough

evidence to soy there isq reol phenomenon

which is notimoginof ion, not foked

Andrew Selbv. Post- l i fe Invesi iqotor

33

I=

=

At Dr Sfevenson's request, Engin

Sungur's cose wos re-exomined by

psychologisr J0rgen Keil in 1994. Our

of 22 stofements Engin mode oboul

his former lifie, 17 were correcl ond

only five were unconfirmed.

important lv. the informat ion given

can often be corroborated by

checking with the families involved

and the place to which it refers.

In a typical case of this kind, the

chi ld stal ts to ta lk aboul memories

of a previous life between the age

of trvo and four - on many

;i

nf , ,

noticed that Engin spoke ancl

behaved like an aclult and that,

while talking, he r-rsed sin'rilar hand

gestr-rres to her late husbzrnd.

On the surface, Engin's

remarkable memories appear to

suggest that some part of the dead

malr's personality survivecl death

and re-emerged in the young bov.

Brr l some parapslcht-r logists argue

that there mav be a perfectly

natural explanation for this.

Most cases of spontaneolrs

l r.I

o

-oIj

o

recollection occur in cultureswhere belief in rcincarnation isstrong. They also happen within afew years of the prbviouspersonality's death and only ashort distance from the placewhere the deacl person lived.

To some mincls, this is too muchof a coincidence. Either the wholefamily is unconsciously engaged ina 'fantasy creation' - the parentsimplant the idea of a past life intothe mind of their child who thenelaborates on the details - or theclaim is fraudulent.

In a number of cases fromIndia, involving children frompoor families who claimed to havebelonged to a higher caste, it hasbeen suggested that the parentswere 'feeding' the child's memorylor f inancial gain. But. as DrStevenson points out, even if thiswere true, it does not account forthe numerous cases where thechild and its family lived far awayfrom - and had no previous

knorvledge of- the deceasedpersonalitr'.

There is also a rvealth of

evidence that apparent memories

of past lives occur in \{'esterncul lures, where reincarnat ion isnot widely accepted. Irrespective oftheir views on the subject, manypeople appear able to producepast-life memories when directedto do so in an altered state ofconsciousness, such as hypnosis.

PAST.I IFE REGRESSION

The majority of researchersn'orking in this field, inch,rdingProfessor Stevenson, distrust thispractice - known as pastJiferegression - on the grounds thatadults under hypnosis can adopt acor-rvincing identity separate fromtheir everyday personality, which isbased on pure fantasy.

On the other hand, some

people claim to have been famoushistorical figures and providedetails which they are convinced

they have not learned in this life.

Sceptics argue that the

subconscious mir-rd has a

remarkable capaci ty for stor ing

information acquired through

reading. watching televis ion -

even background conversation.

The subconscious can absorb

information on a specific historical

f igure or age and then use i t to

create a past-life memory - a

process known as cryptomnesia.

Other doubters regard

regressecl past-l i le memories as the

combined result of leadinq

ITt t . lunScient i f icol ly speoking,cloims of re incornqf ion

ore simply verydiff icult to fesf

Dr Richqrd Wisemon, Poropsychologist

, ,

questions from the therapist and a

fertile imagination on the part of

the subject. In an altered state of

consciousness. the mind can be

eager to please and will therefore

come up with the answers i t .

believes the therapist wants to

hear. The extent to which this can

happen is demonstrated regularly

by stage hypnotists.

In spite of these criticisms, there

has been an increasing trend

towards consulting pastJife

therapists. They use hypnosis ancl

other relaxal ion techrr iqrres toregress their clients to past l ives in

order to discover the cause of

problems in this l i fe. There have

been many claims of remarkable

cures, particularly of phobias that

have allegedly been inheritecl florn

a previous life.

POSITIVE EVIDENCE?

There have also beeu mauv

instances when hypnoticalh

regressed subjects har.e provided

information that thev could not

have acquired noln-ra1h. Iu one

case, journalist Rav Brvant -

regressed to a past life as a farm

labourer in Essex at the tr,lrn of the

centurv - n,as asked br' hvpnotist

JOe Kcclon to go back i r r t ime to

22 April 1884, n'hen he r'vould have

been four l'ears old. \then he dicl,

he looked terrified and said the

honse rvas shaking and plates were

falling off the shelf.

\Vl"rat Bryant did not know rvas

that a researcher had previously

found a ref'erence to the 'Great

Essex Earthquake' on that day.

Keeton had decided to see what

:,t3

r+IE1+

., : t i

would happen if Bryant wereregressed to the time when theearthquake was in fr-rll force.

Cases such as this and that ofEngin Sungur appear to defi,normal explanation. But are ther.proof of past lives? ProfessorStevenson only goes so far as to saythat the1, are 'suggestive of'

gbouf

r sporkedIrfurphy.

{;iahf), during which'-o life in ! 9fh-cenfuqf:

Under hypnosis,in o rhick lrish brogue ond pro

reincarnation', while scepticsbelieve the answer l ies elsewhere.

Some parapsycholouisr smainrain that this kind ofinformation may be acquired by aform of extrasensor) percept ion(ESP) - recall ing a past l i fe bytelepathically tuning into someoneelse's life. But if ESP is the ansrver,rvhy' do the vast majoritv of peoplervho tune into prer.ior.rs lives shonno other ESP abil it ies?

Another theofy is that past-liferecall is a biological phenomenon- the result of an ancestral, racialor collective memory rvhichstretches back across the centuries.Somehow - no one knows horv -the individual becomes wirecl intothe experiences or mentalprocesses of an ancestor, or afellow countryman or woman.

Yet another theory attempts tolink past-life memories withrnultiple personality disorder.There have been cases of

{ Reincornotionists cloim thqt thelolents of o childhood genius such osMozorl musl hove been'imported'from o former life. Opponents orguethot they ore lhe product of

inheritonce ond porenfol influence.

r9for'.

subpersonalities emereingaccidentally lr,hen hypnosis hasbeen used to treat medicalconditions. This abil itv of thepersonality to 'split' probably existsto some degree ir-r all of us andonlv reveals itself rvhen rve slip intoarr a l tered statc of corrsciorrsrress.But if this is the case, how doesone account for the accurate, andoften obscure, historical detailsthat can surface during hypnosis?

QUESTIONS REMAIN

\A4rile these theories may explainsome cases of apparent past-liferecall, none of them satisfactorilyaccounts for all the data retrievedfiom such memories. This is whyDr Stevc'rrson thinks rei r rcarnar ionoffers the most likelv explanation.

However, even if there is a solidcore of evidence that points to thesun ival of the personality afterdeath, there are still a number ofunanswered questions. Forinstance, what part of us is it thatactually reincarnates? If we all livea number of lifetimes, why aresome lives remembered and notothers? And, most pr"rzzling of all,why do most of us not haveany pastlife experiences?

.s

o:o: ffiil

a

t':l*:d' ,.-

A Ook lslond is one

of hundreds of smoll

islonds in Molone

Boy, off.the coosl of

Novo Srotio. More

money hos been

poured into the pir

(inser) - in respect of

drilling, surveying

ond legol bottles -

thqn hos ever Gome

ouf of if. r

t is one of the world's great secrets -

a mystery r.thich has consisteutlv

foiled all attempts to get to its bot-

is.H,ss tom. Since the discorrery of rl're Oak

ls land Money Pi t nvo cett t t t r i t 's aqo. lh is

masterpiece of construction has I'r'ithst<tod

all efforts to discover whatever it r.,'as built

lo corrceal .

THE DISCOVERY

One srrmmer' 's dav i r r 1795. \oung Danicl

McGirrrr is took a break from the errdless

f ishing. larmirrg arrd lbrestrv by which rhe

Nova Scotians survived. Dan rorved out to

uninhabited Oak Island, just a ferv hun-

dred metres of fshore f r om thc f ishine

village of Chester, arld strollecl turder the

shade of the old oaks u{rich gave the island

i ts name.. ' Approaching t l ' ie easterl l end, Dan

noticed one part icularlr 'sturcly tree with a

lopped branch fronr n'hich an old ship's

block and tackle htrng. Beneath this

brarrch la1 a c i rctr lar dt pressiorr . as tht-rugh

the earth had settled again after being dis-

t r r rhed. His mind lu l l of the possibi l i t r of

f i ndirrg pir l tes ' l reasure. McGirrrr is

returrred lo the mainlarrd arrd to ld t r r 'cr

l i ierrds. Parr l Smith and Antholrr Vaugharr .

u'hat he had found. The three lads

brought picks and shovels and began to

dig rrrrder " the old oak tree.

It became clear to the young adventur-ers that this shaft was no mere naturalblow-hole in the limestone. The back-fitledearth in the centre was easy to lift out. butthe s ides were br ick-hard c lay. covered withthe pick marks of the original diggers.Some 60 cm down, the treasure'huntersdiscovered a layer ofdeliberately laid slabs,not unlike paving stones. These were notincligenous to Oak Island - the slabs camefrom Gold Rir"er. 3 km away.

The boys removed this layer and dug on.Three metres down rhel encountered aplat form of oak logs. decaying on the oul-s ide. but set f i rmly and del iberarely inrothe hard clay walls of the shaft. Removingthese with difficulty, they dug on again. Atsix metres they encountered an exactlysimilar oak layer. FJaving struggled ro gerthese cle.ar, they recognized that this jobwas going to be more than three mencould tackle. They marked lhe spol care-ful ly. and for the t ime being wenr back rotheir larming. f ishing and t imber curr ing.

DIGGINGl$:.r]ry]]r@

EXPEDITION

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Word soon got around about the shaff onOak Isl4Lnd, and businessman SimeonLynds organized a syndicate of lvealthyfriends to back a digging expedition.

As they dug cleeper. Lvnds' men discov-ered more platforms of oak loss at regularthree metre intervals. but there were layersof charcoal . ship 's putry and coconur f ibredown there as well. Enough putty came up

to glaze the windows of 20 houses. A localcarpenter said .he had seen bushels ofcoconut fibre brought up.

Evervthing u,ent r,vell for the diggersuntil they reached the 30-metre ievel,where they discovered an unusual slab ofstone - possibly porphvry - bearing aninscription . in strange characters whichnone of them could read. The floor of thepit was grorving increasingly darnp,although there had been no sign of rvaterearlier. A bit deeper and they were takingout one barrel of water for every two bar-'re ls oI earth.

FIOOD WATER

The men probed the floor of the pit with along crowbar which srruck some sol idobstruct ion goirrg r ighr across f rom wal l rowall, but night was falling and they decidedto resume work at first light. \Arhen dar,tncame, they discovered to their horror thatthe Money Pit was flooded to a depth of 20metres. Al l ar tempts ro bai l out the walerproved useless. They obrained a prrmp arrdtried to clear the water, but the pump burstand work nas abandorred.

Fol lowing this. a lmost nolhinq was doneon the island until the Truro Company wasformed in 1849. Smith and Vaushan - rrvo

of the three original discoverers - were still

. alive, and gave all the help they could to

the Truro men, ensuring that they were

digging in the right placb.

Jotham B. McCully, in charge gf opera-

tions had traced the source of the flood

water. He discovered an artificial beach at

Smith 's Cove. and a drainage system lead-

ing to the lower levels of the Money Pi t .

He built a coffer dam across Smith's Cove,

and found the remains of a much older

dam at low tide. But uriusually high tides

destroyed lhe new dam. emphasiz ing again

just how expert the original builders had

been. Like their predecessors. McCul\"s

team were also forced to stop when they

rari out of monev.

In 1861, when yet another parallel shaft

was linked do the water-filled Money Pit,

there was a loud crash and a cataclysmic

rush of mud and water.' ' A treasure

WffirsreThe structures beneoth Ook .

ls lond must rqnk os theeighrh wonder of the world

Lionel Fonthorpe. Ook lslond Reseorcher

- ##chamber and its contents, which McCully's

men had discovered in 1849. col lapsed

inlo the unknown depths below. \\4rat had

been so tantal iz ingly c lose was now more

inaccessible than ever.

Since then, one expeditioq after

another has attempted to overcome the

Money Pi t 's defences - and fai led. Fred

Nolan, a shrewd and skilful professional

surveyor, believeslthat the treasure is not in

the Money Pi t i rsel f . but concealed else-

where on the is land. His research is cen-

tred o4 thq many curious marker stones

and the weird patterns they form.:

TEADING i lHEORIES

\44rat lies at the bottom of the pit? If we

could be sure about who built it, we might

find an answer. There are several theories

which deserVe careful consideratioh. ,'Could ancient Phoenic ian and

Carthaginian traders have sailed much

farther '!han they are normally believed

to have done? Certainly, their architects

and builders were second to none. These

people would have had the skill and the

ru

manpower to create the Oak Islancl svsteln,., especially if the sea level was lorver in their

day. The problern rvith tlis theory is one of

motive - unless it may be sussested that

these traders were refugees from the Punic

Wars, burying the treaslrres of Carthage as

far as oossible from their hated Romar

con querors.Alternatively, an old Norse runic stone

found in 1812 at Yarmouth, Nova Scotia,suggests that Vik ings rcached those shores

'centuries before Columbus. Might they

have dug the Oak Island shaft to protect

the body of a leader they revered? Perhaps

some of the ancient t imbers found below

Oak Island were the remains of a buried

Viking funeral vessel intended to take their

lost leader to Valhalla.

KNIGHTS TEMPTAR

The most intriguing theory involves the

Knights Templar. \{rhen King Philip le Belof France tr ied to destrol their noble order '

in 1307, a handful of Templars-foughl

their way clear of his treachery and wereprotected by thg Sinclairs of Orkney. These

same Templars may rvell have had access to

part of whatever .ancient agd mysterious

treasure was concealed at Rennes le

Chateau, in Frarrce. Even more important

lo lhem t l ran their o\vn escape was to keep

this semi-legendary Arcadian treasure safe

frora the avaricious Philip.

Thcre is strong er iderrce t l ra( Pr i r rce

Henry of Orknel crr l is ted the help of theVenetian Zeno brothers. r,l'ho u'er'b exoertnar igators. and who almost certainly had

oo

o

.s' io

d

.9

A Only one mon -

Jomes Pirblodo - is

rhoughr to hove

found onyrhing of

volue in the Pir. ln

| 849, lhe drilling

foremon look

somefhing from o

drill tip ond pur itjn,.,shis pocket. Pirblodo

refused to shore his

secret ond left rhe

islond rhot doy. He

tried to buy the.

islond buf died in o

mining occident.

access to the same ancient geograflhicalinformation that l 'as recorded o+. afamous map.

The Templars had the strength, disci-pline and stamina to carrv out the lvork oJrOak Island. Thev also had the necessarrr'skill - Templar militar-r' ar-chitectnre r'r,as

the best i i i ' the lvorld. Ther.also had some-

thing infinitely precious to hide liom cun-ning and darrgerorrs errerrr i t s.

:_|_9Jll."T'.F*J"Tc G E N I u s _.,-... ._Sir Francis Drake is another leacling; con-

tender for the lole of the lrnknorvn geniusrvho constructed the Oak Island svstem.Drake had the skill, tl're courase, and able

miners ,from Cornu'all and Devon in his

crew. He also hacl an-rple tl'easLlre to con-

ceal, and his clates fit rve11 rr'ith the radio

carbon dating of sorne of the old timbersfound on Oak Isiand.

Another theorr specr,rlates that whenthings r,r'ere looking particularly bleak fbrthe Brit ish redcoats during thd American

\4hr of hrdependence, a l ieutenant ofEngineers rvas despatch-ed to Nova Scotiarv i th a l r r rgt 'amount ol gold. Accomparr ied

bv a contingent of experieiieed Welsh and

Cornish miners, he constructed the OakIsland \Ioney Pit and its impregnable

defences. For the designer, retrieval rvasperfectly simple: either close sorne h-vpo-

thetical $,atergates across the flood tr-rn-nels, or retrieve the gold in some other

carefully pre-planned way.The structures beneath Oak Island are a

work of engineering genius. If the riddleis errer solved, the answer may pro\re e\renmore aslourrding t l rarr lhc most [ r r_dar ing theor ies vet prr t forward. g: \ i

00$$PRE$EARCHMOxn NAME GUARANTEED To

RAISE THE HACKLES OF

UFOLoGISTS rs Dn AnunruVICTORhN, RESEARCHER, wRITER

AND, IF THE REPORTS ARE TO BE

BELIEVED, SPY, DOUBLE AGENT

AND ORCHID SMUGGLER

or 20 years, Dr Armen Victorian has probablydone more to expose the secrets of the world,sgovernments than any other individual. By

ffi#ffi utilizing the Freedom of Information Act, anda number of 'contacts, he is unwilling to discuss,Victorian has uncovered the truth about subjects suchas psychic spies, LSD tests on the British Ar-y, UFOs,and radiation experiments on the general public.

Victorian's life is almost as secret as the cases heinvestigates, and *re air of mystique surrounding theArmenian-born researcher can be cut with a knife. Heis careful not to reveal too much - about his work orlife - other than that he was a diplomat ,for twoEnglish-speaking countries in the West'. IIis publicprofile increased in lg8g when, under the open name,of Dr Henry, he hit the headlines for smuggling rareorchids into the UK. Although he was convicted, hewas released on appeal when it was discovered thatKew Gardens had issued illegal permits for speciesthat officially did not exist.

Today, howevero Victorian wishes to concentrate onhis research work and, through his thick EastEuropean accent, gives a rare interview about hiscrusading 'hobby'.

6#& & tr'r difficult for me to trace exactly when Istarted researching. It was the type of work that I usedto do as a diplomat and subsequently I thought itmight be a good idea to put some of it into the publicdomain. The public have got the right to know wheretheir tax dollars or pounds are going. I,ve been

researching for 30 years but for 20 of them I,veconcentrated on matters and issues to do with politicsand intell igence.

Whqt kind of subiecfs do you reseorch?The work I do is so diverse. I've investiqated mindcontrol, and particularly the CIA's UK-iLTRAproj ect, electromagnetic and microwave weaponsdevelopment, the research done into LSD with theBritish Army, non-lethal weapons, you name it.

Whqf ore your lofest proiects?I'm currently investigating the research conducted bythe US Army to create what they term ,Warrior

Priests' and 'Super Soldiers'. These projects involvepsychic training projects and the development ofhuman potential in soldiers. I,m also writing a bookabout NORAD lNorth American Aerospace Def'ense],who are kindly providing me with technical advice.

Why do you so rqrely publish your findings?Serious researchers are not public figures, they're notafter publiciq' or glory. They do the research for theirown sakes, to learn more and improve their knolvledge.I see myself in this category. I do write, but what Iwrite is very much reference for other researchers.From time to time there are issues where the publicinterest outweighs the information,s classification _the public have got every right ro learn about it.

Why should you decide whot informqtionshould be mqde public?I have the research material and have made the

endeavour to find it. When it's necessary, and it might

make a tremendous difference and someone may pick

up on my work and further it, then I'll provide the

information. I did this with my research into LSD tests,

radiation experimentation, and nonJethal weapons.

How did you begin reseorching UFOs?About 20 years ago, in the course of one of my trips to

South America, a German friend and I encountered

Why ore you so unpopulqr with UFOlogists?Almost every time I've decided to investigate theinformation they've published, I've discovered a greatdeal of inaccuracies and speculations. They'rebusinessmen, not researchers.

ls this why you now disossociqte yourselffrom UFO groups?Yes. A big problem with UFO groups and researchersis the element of show-off - when they do getinformation that is useful, they boast about it, sayingto government agencies, 'We know you have this

information, and you shouldallor,r' us access to it.' But when

they do that, the government, or

the agencies who have that

informatior-r, then know that the

public at iarge are prir,y to this

information. \1hat do they do

next? Thev change the codename

of the project. The,v say, 'We have

no information on that, ' and

they're tell ing the truth because

something on the border of Bolivia. & &byar iverside.I twasacraf t , && l l t tdefinitely not made by man. It was

surrounded by natives, and there

were bodies - humanoid - which

had been thrown or had crawled

out. I'd now describe them as EBEs

Iextraterrestrial biological entities] .

I know I wasn't hallucinating.

Whol did you do?

My research shows that someparts of the goaernment in the

past haae not been clean.They haae committed crimes

and got away with it

We were so frightened, we got away as quickly as

possible. I thollght we might have stumbled into a

restricted zone or something. Aty*uy, I was so

intrigued that I began to investigate UFOs. Years later,

I heard reports from an investigative journalist that a

craft had hit a nearby mountainside in that region and

ended up in the river. There were even photos taken

of the impact site I'd witnessed.

llT

that codename no longer exists. That is the naivety

of the UFO researchers today'.

Con you give on exomple where the

codenqme hqs been chonged?If someone writes to the US Airforce IUSA-FI and asksfor information on UFOs, ther-rr'ill get a standard

response: that the USAF discontinued investigations

of UFOs on the closing of Project Blue Book in 1969.

That doesn't mean they're not compiling evidence, ormonitoring the situation, or gilirrg the information toother departments. The US,\F no longer use the term

UFOs, and haven't done since 1974.

Whor lerm do fhe USAF now use for UFOs?For earth-bound objects, they use UncorrelatedTargets Reports (UTRs) and for space-bound objects,Uncorrelated Events Reports (UERs).

How did you find out obout fhe chonge inUFO terminology?I was given the information on a discretionary basisfrom certain government agencies, and through mycommunications with NORAD.

Much of your informqtion comes from theFreedom of Informqtion Act [FOIA]. Howdoes this operEie?It's simple: you write a request and they considerprocessing it. If you're after information that has

already been released, they give it to you. If it's not

been released, they assess from the formulation of

your letter what type of researcher you are - whether

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o

6

stqndord r:epty, The Xthe ClA, who confirmed it

(cI,A,

confirm ql

6f ncnexistence ofresponsive Io yalor

his detoilsTo

you're a newcomer in the research field or you knowyour work, and have the experience. Accordingly, andin conjunction with the regulations of the FOIA, theyprocess the request.

How mony coses do you hqve in fhe FOIAsystem ot fhe momenl?At any given time, I have 2-4,000 cases. I'm a verypersistent researcher. It might take four or five yearsbefore I get a response, positive or otherwise. But Iwi l l pursue i t . I 'm a very pat ienr man.

How do you get hold of informqtion notovoilqble fhrough the FOIA?That's an area I can't really discuss. Some researchersmay have a few sources - lvhen you are known as aserious researcher, and the information is consideredby some as r,aluabie, the sources come to you.

Do you use fqlse nqmes to obtoin yourinformotion?I r.rse nicknames. I don't think it 's a crime. Lr rnyfield, I 'm known as a dark horse - if I contactsomeone for information, the minute I mention mvname, that person lvill think twice. And if I want to

know what that person

knows, what am I

supposed to do? Would

)'ou introcluce yourself as

{ Suspecfing his colls were

being monitored, Vicforion

hod o surveillonce compony

seorch his house, where

fhey discovered rhis

odiusroble-frequency bug

plonted in his relephone.

tg

of the fOfa clossifiesof notionol

you are? No. Investigarive journalists don'talways have to tell people who they are.

How do you investigote coses in Britoin,where lhere is no FOIA?I don't know any researcher n-ho has been able to gainaccess to British records other than those available inthe Public Records Office. Haling said that, the way aserious researcher can gain access legitimately doesnot necessarily have to be through the gor,ernmentdirectly. This is how I for-rncl our abont rhe hurnanexperimentation programme in Britain, for instance.I made FOLA. requesrs rhrough the US Department ofEnergy [DoE] and discovered there rr.ere progr.ammesin the 1950s and 1960s using hlrman guinea pigs.

Whqr were they testing on fhese people?The DoE scienrisrs rvould inject the human subjectswith radioactive rnaterial without their knowledge.Thev even gave plutonium to pregnant women to seehow it would affect the foetus. The British AtomicEnerw Establishment was involved, and so was the USAtomic Energy Commission.

Hos your reseqrch eyer got you into trouble?\Arell, my car's been tampered with, I've receivedthreatening phone calls, and my phone's beenbugged. My home's been broken into several times,and my mail's been tampered with. Just today, in fact,I received an anonymous letter, on floppy clisc.

Who's responsible for this hqrqssment?I 'm not going to name names - I ' l l leave that oneopen. I wrote to the Security Service Tribunal, whosaid they neither confirmed nor denied breaking intomy house. I suppose I don't have an enemy in anyone person. I live a very modest life.

*qr*'._flU

t"fiitfi;,:iii:t Pa.c'..<s L.dwrro xiicidiRefereoce:

F96_r586

Dear Mt, c loday:

**,t.;r'sr,?+i+1i*iffi {i:,*"".";*ifir$-hgEffi*++g$*.$:ffirt'jrtrfiltf,t+iiffi*T:,*'::' r*?;,l{;ry-+thT,Ti"*;"*"",.,.{i*ff ii,;l'rj-q.#H$Tfr;liiffi sd"

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Or,with

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s dawn broke over Ilkley Moor, in\{'est Yorkshire, on 30 November1987, a former poiiceman, rvhom

ffi rve shall call Philip Spencer, rvasfocusing his camera on the r,i l l irgc ofMenston belolr ', when he noticed a strange'entity with a green cast' some dist;rnce infront of him. The next thins he rememberswas arriving in Menston some time later,confused and disorientatecl. He took thefi lm to be cleveloped that mornins andwhen he collected the prints trvo hotrrslateq he discovered that he had taken aphotograph ol the err t i t r .

Alarmecl b,v this strange 'encounter',

Spencer sought out the address of UFOresearcher Jer-rnv Randles from the locallibrary and wrote to her about his experi-

ence. She put him in touch rr ' i th anotherresearcher, Peter Hough. n'ho sr.rgqestedthat Spencer subject ]rinrself ar.rcl l.r is photo-graph to a thor-ough irtvestigation. Spencera5;recd to co-operate frillr'.

Abolrt six u'eeks into tl-ie investigation,Spencer received an ullexpected visit fromt\'vo lrell, r 'vho plesented themselves asRoval Air Force Inte l l igence officers.Flashing their ID cards ar hirn, thev savetheir narnes as Jeff-erson and Davis. Theirnlission, the,v explained, rvas to recc-rver thephotograph he had taken on Ilklev Moor.Unfbrtunatelv for them, Spencer had giventhe print they rvarrted to Hough. Aggrievecl,the strangers left empty-handed.

\{l-rat puzzlecl Spencer rvas hon' thesestransers knelv of the photograph's

A Folklore is full of

toles of men dressed

in block who

periodicolly emerge

from their dork

underworld into

eveiydoy life. Some

reseorchers believe

the MIB ore o lole

2oth century version

of these mythologicol

f igures. MIB visi ts

coincide wirh UFO or

ol ien encounlers such

os lhe one cought on

fi lm by Phil ip Spencer

(inset).

oo

I

-p

po'tr

!u:oN

psycholosist $'ho ran a series of tests on

l-rim, rcportecl thert Spencer ' lvas tell ing the

tr-uth as he bel ieved i t ' . Furtherrnore,

Spencer's cxperience is far from utrique.

The fi les of UFO rescarchers around the

lvorld are buleirts rvith similar tales of sinis-

ter Men In Black (\IIB) rvho call on their

r,ictinrs n'ith the solc intention of terrorizing

them into s i lence.

SECRET AGENTS?

Although accounts van' rviclelf in detail,

there are enotrgh sirnilarit ies to suggest al]

r-urderlving pattern. Tvpic:rllri NIIBs make

their presence felt. shortlr-afier a UFO sight-

ing or an encounter rvith an extraterrestrial(ET), either by, r ' isit ine or telepl'tonins the

UFO or ET rvitness or an investigator- han-

clling the case . \\'hen thev appear in pcr-son,

usuailv in pairs or qroups of three, thev are

dressed in black or in rnil i tarv uniftrrrn.

OIten, thev arrive in an old-fashioned bl:rck

car u'hich is in rnint. conditiotr.

Sonre X,IlBs pr-ovicle proof of their iden-

titr', brrt u'hetr trames arc given, thev invari-

ablv tur-n orrt to be falsc. Nlost curior-rs of all,

in almost e\rerv case, NIIBs appear to havc

detailed inforntation abor-rt the victim ancl

his experience r'r4rich onlv the victim carr

verifii Gir.en that the visit ciften takes pl:icc

u,ithin hour-s of the UFO inciclent, hor'r' do

tl-rev acqr-rire this knou'leclge so quicklr'?To sorne UFO rescarchers, the onlr-peo-

ple u,ith access to this kirrcl of information

arc govcrnrrient intell is-erice 2lgellts. The,v

bel ieve thcsc sh:rc lor* ' strangers are

oo

-existence. C)nh his i r ' i fe. Pc ter '

Hough, Jennv R:u'rcl les :rncl -\ t- thr.rr-

Tomlinson, anothcr researchel uolktng ot t

thc case, hacl an1' knolr, leclge of rt . Hough

contactecl RAF Intel l igence to confrt 'm the

visitors' identi t ies. Hc rvas told that no sr.rch

men existed and that none of their st ir f l hacl

ever visi tecl Spencer.

\{hen Hough's enquir ies drerv a bl irnk,

l-re decicied that Spencer mlrst have beert

the r, ict irn of one o[ ' the st langest bv-procl-

ucts of ' the modern UFO phertonlenon - a

visit f i -om thc 'N'Ien In Black'.

I t ' rvoulcl be tempting to disrniss

Spencer's accoull t as the cre:rt iotr of an

o\,cracti\re imirgination rvere it not fbr the

fact that Dr . | i rn Sinsleton, the cl inicir l

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,',,'.;;=;;r''1=-:==

,' . ,_a_::a=::,,

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involved in a campaign o[dis informat ion toconceal the true nature of covert govern-ment operations. Just what they are cover-ing up is not entirely clear, but it is generally

JW;l*:":,,'onspiracv' t- _anratr.n, pose| a puzzl:

i;5,r,,,r,r,r, rnt.uig.,,.l :t-J"":t:T e $paceflo;r-:,y:^,.x,"iiJ1 ,,. i2.1t,!.3,.\rli,,dj,,

. cover intelligence agents why are there no A Jomes Templeton's countable access to private infbrntation -

reports of their threats ever being carried photogroph of o others are ricldled. rvith implausible cletails.

out? It is a curious fact that none of the vic- 'spocemon' (below) One extraorclinarr. case foliol-ect a UFOtims who have defied MIB instrrrctions have wos foken with on abduction of nvo men that occnrred inever been punished with physical violence. ordinory comero in October 1975, at the heigl-rt of UFO acrivi ty

cleor <ondir ions. He in the State of \ Iaine. US-\. \earl i a yearI

;;;;;;';,."lro ',,- d,n^J.Ii,:?"'w'*i,',gi":":^ 'Wri:rl:i*::f:i:,^

1ffi,,fif.:rig;'t:"; i'l' H:::":" Wrt,:{ffi;rT*fri,ffiWffi:lr:;:lrlffi Hl Yi*w:i!!'"iffi ^Wur. it 'r. *orr. ol under-

$i] ] : . : , ] l . : . : : . ] . , i , . : ] . . . ' ' ' . .senl i l tothe|oco|af ter t ] re incic1er l t .or l11Septenrber1976,

. . thatwhi lesome-MIBvis i tsappeartobebutnoonecou|dgivesl1Breentirely credible - the only grounds for sus- him o sotisfociory I, , . - , . , .^ ' : ' ; , " - '_^, , : ; ' , . "^; : : : : : " , ' , . :^ : -__, :_: . . r mysel f feel cerroin rhor

;,;.-.,,,, .., picion being a false identity claim or unac- explonorion.ir.iri,i:n.l;:r::::',,:,,:,,.'.,.',.:., .

o r qGGounfs given by witnesses

#\ $- -Tl-:l*1 -',Tl',: ',n-'v-1:,ffiftilt} T?1@,.q+ffi 4|,,=. li octuolly perceive humqnoidsDr Alvin Lowson, UFO Reseorcl^er

,sthe investisating psvchiatrist, Dr HerbertHopkins, was working alone at home whenhe received a telephone call from a manpurporting to be a UFO investigator. Thestranger asked if he might visit the doctorand, within less than a minr-lte of makingthe call, appeared at the back door. 'I sawno car, and even if he did have a car, hecould not have possibh'gotten to my housethat quicklv from anv pay phone,' DrHopkins later obsert'ed.

His visitor advised Dr Hopkins to destroyall his records on the abduction case. Butwhen the conversation turned to UFOs. Dr

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Hopkins noticed that the stranger's speechbegan to falter. Shakily, the man stood upand, stumbling towards the door, excusedhimself, saying, 'My energy is runninglow... must go now.'

It was only after he had left that DrHopkins registered his visitors' odd appear-ance. He wore an old-fashioned black suit,which looked brand new.'He was also com-pletely bald and had no eyelashes or eye-brows. Stranger still, he was wearing lipstick.

PARANORMAL t INK?

Dr Hopkins' experience is one of the mostreliable and detailed accounts of an MIBvisit. As some aspects of his story border onthe absurd, it also presents the mystery at itsmost bizarre. Some researchers haveobserved that the behaviour and appear-ance of many MIBs seem to have a surrealquality reminiscent of a dream sequence.This suggests that MIBs may not be anentirely physical phenomenon - a view sup-ported by those who are convinced thatMIBs are extraterrestrials.

Other investigators have tried to find apsvchological ansl-er to the MIB phenome-non. .\nerican UFO researcher Dr AlvinLarvson notes that all alien figures l inked toUFO sightings - and the vast majorin' ofreports, especiallv in the US. describe \IIBsas 'foreign-looking' - seem to corresponclto the archeq'pes that psvchologist Carl

Jung proposed lie buried in elerlone'sunconscious imagerl'. Cor-rld it be that a realvisitor triggers the victim's imagination todraw upon this well of imagerv and create abizarre, dream-like sequence of events? The

r-eal enigma for Dr Lan'son is not so mqehlttr ihat the vict im sees but what tr iggers

archen'pal images in the first place rar$i

zle to rr-hich he has no solution.

tACK OF EVIDENCE

V ln 1952, AIbert

Bender, from

Conneclicut, lounched

The Internofionol Flying

Soucer Burecu (|FSB),

the first moior UFO

reseorch group. The

IFSB closed down | 8

monfhs loter, however,

ofter his fomily wos

threofened by three

MlBs, who demonded

he stop his reseorch.

UFO mythology on the basis of merehearsay. Although reports of MIB.visits con-t inue unabated. no one has ever been ableto produce irrefutable evidence of a viOi!,rtrr:ti:

\A'hat is most strange about the MIB ph.-lriiinomenon is that it has become part of the

having taken place. To add to the .""{P:.;;sion, government bodies, such as tn€1jl:Ministry of Defence, now openly admitsbeing interested in hearing about .

denies having any involvement in

the MIB phenomenon.

sightings - most recently, the sightingS:tt$'black triangles' all over Europe - futi!i!!r,

l:..i:,1

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In the next issue, UFO FILE asksBritish gouernment is so interested intriangles' that haue repeated\ beenEurope since the 1980s.

the !hla&:

seen.'oIjgr,

;flfn QUE,ST FOR*P

A GtOBAt ENERGY CRISIS SEEMS INEVITABTE

AS TNT WORTD'S FOSSIL FUEI RESERVES RUN

WHlr AtrERNATtvEs Exlsr, AND

I 'WHAT ARE THE OBSTACLES IN FINDING NEW

NTNCV FOR THE NEXT GENERNTIOru?

magine a source of energy

that is non-polluting,

composed of readily::. @ recyclable materials, that

...' ,:i.tttployt no radioactive compounds

' l. 'and generates no nuclear,:.,1 , radiation. The power it provides is',:;:;,,way in excess of any input of po\\'er

;,: ,.,needed to produce it, yet it can be

by traditional means for

across the national grid.

believe that if such a

of energv existed, the

:ombined ef for ts of the Pentagon.

OPEC, Shel l , BP and the

internat ional motor com pan ies

would consplre lo keep l I a secrel .

Yet there are manv scientists who

claim to be close ro disct i rer ing

such energl sources.

ENEGADE SCIENCE

rrent fossil fuels are dirty. They

l lute the atmosphere and

destroy communit ies - even their

extract ion can damage the natural

wor ld. But their b iggest drawback

is indisputable: thel are f in i re.iL.,',, hether reserves last 50 or 500

llyeatt, one day fossil fuels will be

exhausted, and viable al lernat ives

:,inust be found., , Despite this imperative,

develonments i r r the area of nerv. . t , '

energy are met with suspicion.

Some believe that this is evidence

of academic conceit - far from

being object ive and corrscient ious.

scientists refuse to recognize data

that challenges the norm or

contradicts their preconceived

ideas. Others believe research is

suppressed by pressure from big

businesses. There is a lot of monev

in oil and coal production, and

ground-breaking, profit-stripping

developments in science could

very well upset this multi-billion

dollar industrv.

I BJI*J ry!!.gJ**__One man rvho claims to have

been the victim of big business

interests is Dennis Lee, an

independent inventor from

Washington DC. In 1986, he

allegedly discovered a wav ofmaking free electr ic i t r usirrg

substances that 'boil ' at very

low temperatures.Most cornrnercial energl

generators produce porver byburning fuel - oil or coal - to

heat water. The water is converted

into steam which drives a turbine

that generates electricity. However,

the byproducts of this burning

process escape ar-rd seriously

go

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clarnage the cnr.irolment. .t :

Dennis Lee's Lorv Temperature, ' . ,

Phase-Chanse Electric ".tr"ruror: ':,,lr lpassccl this process by' using '

:.srrbstances ti-rat cl'range from a ' ::liqriid to a eas rr.hen exposecl to q141'.The gar can lh( 'n l re rrsed lo power( r r rh i r rcs r l rat qerrerare elecrr ic i ry inthe rrornral wa1. The electr ic i typroduced is. i r r ef f ect , f ree becauseit only uses a natural power ro,ruca .- namell', heat from the sun thaf'phase-chanees' the substances. . .

The applical.icins of suchtechnologl' are revolutionary.

Toxic rvaste . ozone deplet ion, airpol lut ion. fanrine. poverty - al lcoulri be banishecl forer,er .with( l i . ( o\er ' \ o l gcrrrr i r re l ree power.\ r r r i , i l l r r r i r rg al l rh is arrd more.Lcr rrrr j rer l arr er-Boeing plani\ t l l ) r I \ i .or . a \ l l : :achusetts

l r . r r rLr le ol Teclrrrolo$ (MIT)pr-ofessor and an ex-Department of,Dr ' l - r r re scicnt ist to examine his.ulrcepl . Each anal lzcd andt orr f i r 'med his f indings as gelruine.

POTICE HARASSMENT

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Lee suspecled rhar his amazingdesign would not be welcomed try.,e\eryone. To saleguard himsel f . 11, :arrd his device. he c lecided ro '

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harder lo suppress rhe data.Unfortunately, he did not reckonwith the lorces of la l r ancl order.

ln ear lyJanuary 1988. I5 armedpol icemerr hurst i r r lo Lce's

distr ibrr te his research to u r ' , . touo.kof i r r renrors and scient ists. I f manypeople could repronu. i 'n,r '

" ' ' " t ;

fi n dinss, Lee sur mise a,'it *o"f a Ue;:rgr'h+****-&

laboratory and forcibly

documents, records and

designs. Although

,vere produced author iz ing

,.over 450 secret papers not

l,bv the search warrant were

, Lee, maintaining his

e, continued his rvorkl : . .

Federal agents sperrt six

s' examining papers taken

ng the raid, attempting to find

,technicaliq' to close Lee down

and for all. However. rro

could be brought.

SS PRODUCTION

nonths later, a Cal i fornian

agreed to market one of

'designs. The police, realizing

ergy machine could soon

public, promptly arrested

was charged with 38

of the Cal i lornian Civ i l

illd ten counts of fraud. Bail

at the outrageously high

of $l mi l l ion. and Lee was

) Using simple loborotory equipment,

Stonley Pons ond Mortin Fleischmonn

cloimed fo hove generoted nucleor

energy (inser) ot room lemperolures.

This is yet to be proved conclusively.

held in jail for ten months until his

trial came to court.

Eventually, one year after his

arrest, some of the alleged 'victims'

of Lee's supposedly fraudulent

machine came forward. They

testified that his designs did exactlyas claimed and that none of themhad been duped or deceived in

any way. A 70-page lawsuit alleging

gross mistreatment of Lee wasissued asainst the officials involved

f f i . 'kl r is only o mqtter

of t ime before unlimitedpollufion-free energy

wi l l be ovoi lqble to ol lNu Energy Horizons

in the case - it was dismissed

without a hearing.

Believing it would help his case,Lee eventually pleaded guilty toeight unintent ional registrat ion

violations. Sentencing was delayedfor a further 18 months rvhilelawyers attempted to bring charges

against the State of California forits hear'y-handed tactics. Lee,released on bail, spent this time

developing and promoting his Low

Temperature Phase-Change

Electric Cenerator and detailine

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his treatment at the hands of the

authorit ies. Despite his lawyers

efforts, tl-re car.npaign to prove the

State had il legallr held Lee failed.

On 5 l larch 1993, he received a

three and a halfvear sentence.

Atternpts to ilithdraw the guilty

plea have been repeatedly ignored.

GtOBAt CONSPIRACY

Lee's treatment by the US legal

sYstem seems incredible. Is it

possible that entire governmentsare in league with oil cartels and

other organizations in an attempt

to suppress new technology? The

Pentagon in particular has been

accused of everything from hiding

evidence of life on Mars to mind

control and exper imental ion on

humans. Is it possible that Lee was

even demanded blood samples toprove that senior PHACT membersare not aliens.

COtD FUSION

Outlandish persecution claims arenot, however, limited to fringescience. Occasionally, the scientifi ccommunity itself can turn on itsmembers and wage campaigns ofderision and contempt. Oneexample of this was the allegeddiscovery of cold fusion in 1989 byStanley Pons of the University ofUtah and Martin Fleischmann ofthe University of Southampton.

Current scientifi c knowledge

states that nuclear fusion can onlyoccur rvhen two l ight atomicnuclei, such as hvdrogen, arejoined together. With most nuclei,this fr-rsion produces - logicallyenor"rgh - one heavier nucleus. Butr.ith hydrogen nuclei, a fraction ofthe mass is converted into heat inthe fusion process, and this can beconverted into electr ic i ty to run.fbr example, generating plants.However, temperatures in excess of100 mill ion degrees Celsius areneeded to fuse the nuclei together.Apart from the obvious dangersinvolved with such extreme

temperatures, there is also the riskof radioactive leaks.

Russian scientists have addressedthis problem with the Tokomak

reactor. The Tokomak useshot plasma. heated to about

million degrees Celsius, tothe conditions necessaryfusion. A powerful magnetic

is generated inside thewhich keeps the incrediblyradioactive plasma away frouiliiinter ior reactor wal ls. This prr

the lokomak lrom radioactiveemissions, and guards against -,r.,,::potentially lethal radioa"ctive leaks.

l '

'r'r:li:::

As far as anyone has been able toprove. th is is the only way togenerate safe and reliable powerfrom nuclear fusion.

::'..EXPTOStVE DTSCOVER

The scientific community was ,' i..,

therefore stunned to hear of rbe.:*..1989 breakthrough in 'cold '

fusion. Pons and Fleischmanclaimed to have found a walt

generating nuclear energy frcwater. using basic equipment - at .room temperatures. hs potenti i l tosolve rhe impending global l-uelcrisis, let alone the eFlect it wouldhave on the world economv. was/ . :astronomical. For a brief butintense per iod. cold fusionthe scientific Holv Grail.

Pons and Fleischmann re.dttheir conclusion through: iqr[unded with their ownthe results were discovereai:accident. An experiment invo

a victim of a global conspiracy?Dennis Lee seems to think so.

Persecution theories seemparticularly thick on the groundamons fiinge scientists like Leeand his proponents. But perhapsone explanation for Lee'streatrnent could be that he is, infact, a fraud.

Ar organization that suggestedthis possibil iw in l ieu of hardevidence rvas PHACT, thePhiladelphia Associatior-r forCritical Thinking. Despite offeringto er,aluate Lee's clainrsindependently, they have been metwith scorn and hysteria. Some ofthe more zealous of Lee'ssupporters have gone as far as toaccuse PHACT of beinggovernment spies - a few have

hydrogen resulted in an explosion

enough to leave a crater

cm deep in a concrete

he energl'for such a

$li explosion had to have

rom somewhere. and Pons

ischmann concluded that

,only have been generated

r reaction.

AUD AND DECEIT

tists around the r'vorld tried to

::rbereate Pons' and Fleischmann's

Its with no success. Repeating

exper iment proved impossible.

to the chagrin of i ts

royerers', who claim a

paign of bel i t t lement and

Fftold fusion cqn be

fed up for indusfry,t consequences qre

Wind forms use nofurol energy to

power turbines. Four thousond

windmills con produce 4OO megowofts

of electriciry obouf 20 per cent of o

convenlionol power stotion.

Pons ancl Fleischrnann are

adamant that they have been

vict ims of ignorance and slancler,

ancl there ale organizntions that

bel ieve thern. Alt ]-rough houndecl

from their acaclemic posts. both

are involved in mr.rlti-rnillion doll:rr'

research programmes iirncled br

theJapanesc car companv Tovota.

Hundreds of other scientists clairn

to have produced evidence ofcold

frrs ion. 1ct mainst leam scierrce

absolrr tc l l rcfrrses to recognize arrr

research in this area.

Brr t i f a glc,hal fucl cr is is is j r rsr

around the corner, should'

researchers l ike Lee, Pons and

Fleischmann be persecr-rted or

thrown in prison?,\mid the

accusations of frar,rd and cleceit,

what else is being done to protect

our future energy needs? Wave

power, solar power, wind porver -

all have been mooted as potential

saviours, but research andinvestment on a scale that could

make a lasting difference to man's

enerel needs is some way off.

DENIAT OF FACTS

Fron.r Ciopelnicus and Cali leo, t l-re

histolr of science is l i ttered with

exanrples of blinkerecl vision and

ignorance. One of the most

fanrotrs exarnples of this was the

refus:rl among scientists to

r-ccognize the rvork of the \\rright

br-others in 1903 - even though

thev had been flving in public for

set'eral years.

Like cold fusion and free

energy, scientists 'knew' that f l ight

was an impossibility, and so

ignored all evidence to the

contrary. Is this another example

of' the'pathologiczrl science' that

Pons and Fleischmant-r have been

accused of? G'iven that the work of

Dennis Lee and the possibil i ty of

cold fusion were both privately

funcled projects, can the scientific

community afford to ignore the

revolutionary claims of these

scientif ic heretics? It would seem

thar there is l i t t le to lose - Fancl evcrr ' lh ins ro galr) . b$

.r t

by

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immeosuroble. l t wi l lmeon the end of the

Fossi l Fuel Ageii1,,,r!,l;i iitir, :

Arrnur \ - . LtorKe

nce is being waged against

Sceptics hvstericallv accused

Fleischmann of inventing=

hing scientific ethics,

and corrupt ion. arrd the

e.pisode has been dismissed

'pathological science

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