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THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley
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Page 1: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR

S. B. Mende

University of California - Berkeley

Page 2: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 2 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO Team Institutions

University of California – Berkeley (UCB)• S. B. Mende – GBO science lead

• Provides ASI development, system engineering, GBO system fabrication and construction, data archive and dissemination

University of California – Los Angeles (UCLA)• C. T. Russell – magnetometer science lead

• Develop and provide ground magnetometer and GPS for GBO / EPO

University of Calgary• E. Donovan – Canadian science lead

• Providing GBO system deployment in Canada, field management, data collection, development participation

University of Alberta• I. Mann – magnetometer scientist

• Providing access to Canadian magnetometer network

Page 3: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 3 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Detailed Peer Review was conducted on the 26th and 27 th of April in Calgary, Canada.

Peer Review Panel consisted of technical specialists:

Dr. Michael Lampton, UCB acting chair, currently senior scientist with Super Nova Acceleration Program working at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories.

Dr. Hans Nielsen, University of Alaska, scientific project leader on several ground and aircraft based auroral observing programs.

Dr. Jeff Baumgardner, Boston University, instrument scientist on optical aurora and airglow programs

Mr. R. Sterling, UCB lead engineer on the Antarctic Automatic Observatory Refurbishment Program

NASA representatioves: Bill Davis, Dennis S. Lee, Frank Snow and John Thurber

Peer Review preceding CDR

Page 4: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 4 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

THEMIS Ground Based Observatories: RFAs Approved

Review held 26-27 April 3004RFAs submitted to Board 7 June 2004RFAs reviewed and approved 9 June 2004

Review board membership:Jeff Baumgardner, BUMichael Lampton, UCB *acting chairHans Nielsen, GI/UofARick Sterling, UCB

NASA Program Office RepresentativesBill DavisDennis S LeeFrank SnowJohn Thurber

The presentations on the various aspects of the GBOs (science, design, heritage,deployment, E/PO, etc) were well prepared and gave a complete picture of the status ofthe GBO effort. During the April review, six Requests for Action (RFA) were generated.Since then, the GBO team formulated responses to these Requests, in the form of plansand other explanatory material, which were submitted to this Board for approval.

The reviewers unanimously concur that the GBO team has satisfactorily resolved eachRFA.

This Board congratulates the GBO team for their thorough planning and thanks them fora successful review.

Recent Comment from Dr. Michael Lampton chairman of the peer review board:

Page 5: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 5 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO / UCB Organization

GBO Lead Co-InvestigatorS. B. Mende

510-642-0876

GBO Lead Co-InvestigatorS. B. Mende

510-642-0876

AdministratorYaling Zhu

510-643-5176

AdministratorYaling Zhu

510-643-5176

Project ManagerS. Harris

510-643-3395

Project ManagerS. Harris

510-643-3395

Test & Verif.H. Frey

Test & Verif.H. Frey

System Eng.S. Harris

System Eng.S. Harris

MechanicalG. Dalton

MechanicalG. Dalton

SoftwareS. Geller

SoftwareS. Geller

AssemblyB. Dalen

AssemblyB. Dalen

Electrical TestW. Rachelson

Electrical TestW. Rachelson

UCB Organization

Page 6: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 6 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO/EPO Magnetometer Organization

Lead Co-InvestigatorC. T. Russell310-825-3188

Lead Co-InvestigatorC. T. Russell310-825-3188

R & QAD. Dearborn310-825-1488

R & QAD. Dearborn310-825-1488

Business OfficeJ Nakatsuka310-825-3939

Business OfficeJ Nakatsuka310-825-3939

Program ManagerD. Pierce

775-588-0356

Program ManagerD. Pierce

775-588-0356

MagneticsR. Snare

MagneticsR. Snare

AnalogD. Pierce

AnalogD. Pierce

MechanicalG. Barr

MechanicalG. Barr

DigitalD. Dearborn

DigitalD. Dearborn

AssemblyW. Greer

AssemblyW. Greer

UCLA Organization

Page 7: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 7 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBOs: A synoptic view of the aurora

Major Science objective is to locate and time the substorm onset as seen at ground level. At onset the aurora intensifies and expands and the magnetic field caused by the ionospheric current intensifies.

Global auroral image taken by IMAGE WIC.

Proposed THEMIS GBO sites superimposed.

Page 8: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 8 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO Site Locations

IMAGE FUV substorm onset identification.Of events indicated within GBO longitude sector, 2% are outside the latitude covered

Page 9: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 9 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO Science Objective

GBO shall monitor the auroral light and ionospheric currents across North America in order to localize the time, location, and evolution of the auroral manifestation of the substorm.

Themis mission requirement relating to GBO: Determine substorm onset time and substorm meridian magnetic local time (MLT) using All Sky Imagers (one ASI per MLT hr) and Ground Magnetometer (two GMAG per MLT hr) with t_res<30s and dMLT<1° respectively, in an 8hr geographic local time sector including the US.

Page 10: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 10 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO Derived Requirements

Requirement Performance1. Shall cover 8 hrs of Geographic Local Time

over North American segment (allows continuous 12 hr conjunctions with probes)

Covers 10 hrs of Geographic LT with ASIs, 14 hrs with GMAGs incl. Non-Themis Contributions

2. Shall include at least one ASI per MLT hour within this geographic segment

Two ASIs per hour (MLT)

3. Shall include two auroral GMAG per hour (MLT) (high/low lat.) within this segment.

More than two GMAGs per hour (MLT) (New + existing)

4. Timing accuracy of phenomena observed shall be better than 10s absolute

1s ASI exposures. Cadence: 0.5s GMAG, 3 -5s ASI. Accuracy: <50 ms (GPS)

5. ASI sensitivity: Detectable response for aurora shall be < 10kRayleigh

< 1kR (5:1 S/N ratio)

6. Sensitivity of GMAG instrument shall be < 1nT

0.1nT

7. The spatial resolution shall be sufficient to locate the substorm brightening with an accuracy of 100km (dMLT < 1°)

ASI data compressed data (Stream 1) provides 0.5° sampling.

Page 11: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 11 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

ASI Requirements

REQUIREMENT SYSTEM DESIGN

GB.ASI-1: FOV. The field of view of the ASI shall be greater than 170°, full angle.

Compliance. Yes

GB.ASI-2: Exposure Time. Shall have an exposure duration that is programmable with a maximum exposure duration of no less than 1 second.

Compliance. Yes

GB.ASI-3: Spectral Response. Within passband of 400 to 700nm, shall provide detectable response when stimulated with a source radiance less than 10kRayleigh, at maximum specified exposure duration.

Compliance. Expect minimum sensitivity < 1kR (5:1 SNR)

GB.ASI-4: Spatial Resolution. Shall provide aurora onset localization with accuracy better than 100km (dMLT< 1°)

Compliance. Raw ASI image will have > 250 pixel resolution per image diameter. Thumbnails will have 0.5° binning.

GB.ASI-5: Viewport. Shall have heated dome viewport Compliance. Yes

GB.ASI-6: Cadence Shall have a programmable repetition interval, minimum interval of no less than 10 seconds

Compliance. Have demonstrated cadence of 5s, and 3s appears to be feasible

Page 12: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 12 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

ASI Specifications

Imager:• Field of View: 170º full angle

• Spectral passband: 400 – 700 nm (with IR filter)

• Sensitivity: < 1kR (5:1 S/N)

• Spatial resolution: 290 pixel diameter all-sky-image

• Exposure duration: programmable, 1 sec typical

• Cadence: 5 s demonstrated, 3 s appears feasible

Enclosure:• Operate in external ambient –50º to +40ºC

• Maintain internal temperature at 20º ± 10ºC– Requires about 150 W heating worst case

• Hermetically sealed unit w/ nitrogen purge– Dessicant used for field repair– Hermetically sealed electrical connectors

• Polycarbonate/acrylic dome

• Flexible mounting

Page 13: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 13 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Mag Requirements & Specifications

System Features

GPS Receiver Antenna and Electronics Integrated into one package May be located >30M from host (RS422 signals) NTP compatible (1msec time accuracy)

Flxugate Magnetometer

±72KnT dynamic range @ 0.01nT Resolution (~23 bits) Offset DAC system for 256 possible ranges per axis 2 Vectors per second data rate Low Power < 4W Small Size 22cm x 13cm x 5cm Ruggedized All Weather Sensor Design USB interface for data retrieval and firmware upload

Page 14: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 14 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Implementation Plan

GBO Program Implementation:• Integrate ASI from UCB, GMAG from UCLA with site prep

and deployment provided by U. Calgary• Build, calibrate and qualify first unit within one year after

start of Phase B• Five sites shall be installed two winters before THEMIS

launch• Total GBO installed network shall be 20 sites, installed one

winter before THEMIS launch

Page 15: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 15 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO Site Location Deployment

Page 16: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 16 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Observatory Design

Major components:• Science Instruments:

– All Sky Imager (ASI)

– Ground Magnetometer (GMAG)

– GPS

• Observatory Equipment– Communications

– Environment Control

– System Computer

Page 17: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 17 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

GBO Components

AC Power

GMAG

Telesat Dish

Iridium

GPS

All Sky Imager

Computer Enclosure

Internet

Variations possible at some sites:

Existing magnetometer

Enclosures not needed

Existing Internet connection

Page 18: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 18 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Complete Installation in Athabasca, Canada

ASI dome

Computer Enclosure

Mag

Page 19: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 19 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

All Sky Imager Heritage

• Environmental protection/deployment and automation drawn from AGOs (flawless multi-year operation in Antarctica).

• Prototype camera field tested in Canada

– Demonstrated high cadence, high sensitivity

– Taking 5s images

Page 20: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 20 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

• ASI primary image 290 pixel diameter is “binned” to 0.5° resolution (thumbnails)

• Primary science data:

Level 1 (~ 1kbps)(incl GMAG, housekeeping)

• Available via SAT comm, either Telesat (Internet real-time) or Iridium (daily)

• High resolution data:

Level 0 (180 kbps)

• Selective downloads via Satellite Internet

• Periodic collection via disk swapping

ASI Data Products

Page 21: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 21 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Production Enclosure Design

Design: Allison Park Group, Inc.

Page 22: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 22 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Prototype ASI Enclosure

ASI installed in Athabasca

Page 23: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 23 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

ASI Enclosure Performance

Dome:• Stayed clear• Some ice buildup on flange

Heating:• Maintain 50° T using about 35W

avg. heat power• Total heating power available is

240W

3/3/2004

Page 24: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 24 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

ASI Prototype Findings

What we learned:• 5 second cadence produces a LOT of data• Insulation must be tolerant to sun exposure

– Adopting Foil-face polyethylene air pillow wrap, multi-layer wrap

• Improvement to dome heating is desirable• Sealing improvement needed• Other minor issues:

– Need to reduce length of housing– Improve thermal coupling of thermistor to

mounting bracket– Orient camera such that top of image is

North– Various changes in fasteners / assembly

“dome gunk”

Courtesy M. Greffen

Page 25: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 25 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

ASI Sun Shield

Background• ASI must survive, without degradation, non-operating

exposure to daytime sun exposure• CCD is Sony Interline Transfer device ICX249AL

– Features “microlens” on each pixel, an organic material subject to deterioration due to UV exposure

• All Sky Lens uses Peleng Fisheye f/3.5– A/R coating exhibited discoloration after one summer in

Athabasca

Result• Need internal sun shield• Drives housing diameter and heat required

Page 26: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 26 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Sun Shield Design

Retracted Position is the Fail-safe Position

Page 27: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 27 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Sun Shield Prototype

Status:• Just built• Needs adjustment / balancing• Solenoid drive circuit needs test

– Provides low power cont. duty drive

• Needs qualification test

Page 28: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 28 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Ground Site Requirements

REQUIREMENT SYSTEM DESIGN

GB.GS-1: GBO sites shall provide largely unobstructed viewing over 160° hemisphere.

Compliance. Site selection criteria

GB.GS-2: GBO sites shall be reasonably clear of local magnetic interference.

Compliance. Site selection criteria

GB.GS-3: Each GBO site shall provide power, 120 VAC, single phase, 60Hz, at least 10A service

Compliance. Site selection criteria

GB.GS-4: Each GBO site shall have a local custodian available for periodic maintenance and Level 0 data retrieval

Compliance. Site selection criteria

Page 29: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 29 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Observatory Requirements

REQUIREMENT SYSTEM DESIGN

GB.OBS-1: Shall provide unattended operation of instruments, data acquisition and storage for up to 4 months per observation season

Compliance. Will operate for 12 months/yr

GB.OBS-2: Shall provide interface to enable periodic upload of new observation parameters and operating software.

Compliance. Internet connectivity provides secure login and file transfer

GB.OBS-3: Shall provide digital interfaces and digital data storage for the ASI and GMAG.

Compliance. Linux OS supports serial, USB, 10BaseT, etc.

GB.OBS-4: Shall provide a GPS receiver for geographic position calibration and time stamp

Compliance. GPS included in GMAG subsystem, provides better than 50ms accuracy. Synchronous image acquisition.

GB.OBS-5: Shall provide a means for daily uplink of Level 1 (compressed) data, at least 3MB/day

Compliance. Satellite Internet connection has demonstrated 10kbps sustained uplink. Provides > 100MB/day

GB.OBS-6: Observatory shall store high resolution, Level 0 data locally on hard drives, at least 24GB/month

Compliance. USB (or Firewire) drives, 80GB to 120GB, will be periodically swapped by site custodian. Selective transfer of high res. data via Internet is also planned

GB.OBS-7: Observatory shall be compatible with locally provided power

Compliance. 120 VAC, 60Hz, 10A service, backed up by UPS. UPS sized for 1 hour battery operation (excl heaters)

GB.OBS-8: Shall provide controlled power-up and power-down of instruments and system computer automatically

Compliance. System power and shutdown/re-boot sequencing controlled by independent control processor

GB.OBS-9: Operate in external ambient temperatures range from -50° to +40°C

Compliance. Enclosures, insulation, heaters and control designed to keep internal temperatures at 20º ± 10º C

GB.OBS-10: Shall survive transport to site and provide stable mounting at the site

Compliance. Yes

Page 30: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 30 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Prototype OSE Layout

28”

Rack Mount Shipping Case

System Computer

GMAG Interface Electronics

Hot Swap HDD

Space available for modems

UPS

Page 31: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 31 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Prototype OSE Layout (2)

Power Control Unit

CR10X Datalogger

UPS

Camera Power Supply

CR10X Battery

Page 32: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 32 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Power Control Unit (PCU)

Design Approach• Provide temperature environment inside Computer Enclosure and ASI that

enables use of standard commercial hardware for computer, USB hard drives, Telesat/Starband gear, etc.– Maintain internal temperatures at 20º ± 10º C– Implement graceful shutdown in either event of:

– Loss of Power– Loss of Temperature (either too high, or too low)

– In the event of extended power loss, power control must allow for temperature to stabilize prior to re-boot

• Select “Smart” controller (CR10X) vs Thermostat approach– Programmable with remote access via Internet or Iridium– Provides analog I/O, digital I/O for System Computer– Extended temperature range (-55º to +85ºC)

– Always operating and accessible– Low power consumption (battery can operate it for months)– Simple programming and data logging capability

The PCU provides control of both Temperature and Instrument Power

Page 33: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 33 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Heating and Cooling Control

CR10X

Temperature Sensors

ASI CSE Outside

AC Power

Analog I/O

Digital I/OSystem

ComputerSerial I/O

Main ACVLINE

CSE Heater

SSRs

ASI Heater

CSE Cooler

CB1

Power Control Unit

Page 34: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 34 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

CSE Heating / Cooling Devices

Small Space Heaters 175W, 120VAC, 2 ea

Solid State Air Conditioner

163W Capacity

120VAC Power

Page 35: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 35 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Instrument Data Flow

System Computer

ASI

GMAG Telesat Modem

Hot Swap Hard

Drive(s)

USB

Serial I/O

10/100 Base T

GPS

Internet

Page 36: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 36 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Remote Intervention

Two Levels:• Typically GBO accessed via Internet

– Hardwired in several locations– Using local LAN connection

– Telesat HSi (Canada) or Starband 480 (Alaska)– Can provide fixed IP address– Tests indicate about 10kbps sustainable uplink rate

• Under duress, Back up communication via Iridium– Reserve for remote locations?– 2400 bps

Page 37: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 37 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Iridium Connection

System Computer

Serial Port Switch Iridium Modem

CR10X

Serial I/O

Supervisor Channel 2

Sup

ervi

s or

Cha

n ne l

1

UCB

Page 38: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 38 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Computer Sys. Enclosure (CSE)

Requirements:• House Observatory Support Electronics in Controlled Environment

– ASI, GMAG, Computer, Communications, Control, etc.

• Maintain internal temperature at 20º ± 10º C

• Operate in external ambient of -50º to +40ºC

• Provide “dust-free” method of cooling when required

• External Cable access via “stuffing tube”

• Provide access door for Hard Drive Hot Swap

• Provide access for maintenance

• Ruggedized and shock protection for transportation

Page 39: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 39 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Enclosure Concept

“Box within a Box”

Internal Rack Mount for

Equipment

(Doubles as Shipping Case)

External Insulated Environmental Enclosure

Page 40: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 40 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Heating/Cooling Needs

Heating Required:• Outside temp: -60º C• Inside temp: +10º

• Heat added: 165 W

Cooling Required:• Outside temp: +50º C• Inside temp: +40º

• Heat to remove: 80 W

Assumptions:

Enclosure dimensions: 34” (h) x 44” (w) x 44” (l)

Thermal resistance (R-value): R-12

Internal power dissipation: 47 W

Prototype GBOAthabasca

Page 41: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 41 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Prototype Findings

Prototype CSE Deployment:• Current design size is larger than necessary.

– Prototype size: 43” (L) x 45” (W) x 38” (H)– Could be smaller for easier transport.– Minimum size: approx. 37” (L) x 40” (W) x 38” (H)

• “Awning” design needs improvement.• Keeping it warm inside has proven to be easy• Keeping it cool inside may be more difficult, but the solid state A/C seems

to work.

Athabasca 4/15/04 courtesy M. Greffen

Page 42: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 42 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Ground Magnetometer

Overview:• Specifications

• Design

• Data Products

• Software

• GBO & E/PO

Page 43: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 43 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Block Diagram

UCLA GBO MAGNETOMETER SYSTEM OVERVIEW

PIC18F452

Micro-Controller

GPS Serial Interface

DB

15FU

SB USB

Interface

USB Interface

DB

9F

PPS Timing Interface

PPS Timing Interface

GPS Heater & Power Interface

GPS Heater & Power Interface

TCXOTCXO

XC2S50

FPGA

FPGA FLASH

FPGA FLASH

Power Regulation

+/-15V +5V

Power Regulation

+/-15V +5V

DIN

-5F

Axis 1Axis 1

Axis 2Axis 2

Axis 3Axis 3

DB

25F

DriveDrive

Sensor Heater

Sensor Heater

Page 44: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 44 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Mechanical and Thermal

GMAG PCB & Chassis

Page 45: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 45 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Mechanical and Thermal

Ground Magnetometer Fluxgate Sensor

Page 46: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 46 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Mechanical and Thermal

Ground Magnetometer Fluxgate Sensor Components

Page 47: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 47 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Mechanical and Thermal

Installed Fluxgate Sensor at Athabasca

Page 48: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 48 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

GBO Data Flow

Page 49: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 49 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

Data Flow & Monitoring

Collaborator tasks:1) UCalgary physically installs and maintains the Canadian GBO's

2) UCB physically installs and maintains the Alaskan GBO's  

3) UCalgary collects all GBO data (UCB ASI, UCLA GMAG, H&S) and GBO team (UCLA, UCB, UA) picks up data from UCalgary.

4) UAlberta recovers CGSM and NRCAN GMAG data. UCB picks up data from UAlberta.

5) UCalgary will have a notification system in place that will react to all high level GBO H&S issues. UCB acts in backup capacity for this role.

6) UCalgary maintains the physical status and responds to H&S of the Canadian GBO's

7) UCB maintains the physical status and responds to H&S of of the Alaskan GBO's

8) UCLA monitors the data quality of the GMAG data and directs UCalgary to make any configuration or calibration changes. Changes are discussed and approved by GBO team.

9) UCalgary monitors the quality of the Canadian ASI data. UCalgary will make changes to instrument configuration/calibration after consulting with the GBO team (if the action is not already specified in the ops doc). 

10) UCB monitors the quality of the Alaskan ASI data and directs UCalgary to make changes to instrument configuration/calibration.  

11) UCLA will recover the E/PO data. UCB picks up data from UCLA.

12) UCLA will validate data and respond to any H&S issues.

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THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 50 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

Approach to System I&T

Lab testing where necessary and possible• For instance, testing of temperature limits on cameras

• Cold limit testing on commercial components

Get in the field early and often• Establish network of GBOs well before satellites launched

• Prototype to be deployed winter ’03-’04– ASI deployed with OSE in Calgary late Feb.– CSE deployed in Athabasca mid-Apr– GMAG (E/PO type) deployed in Athabasca mid-Apr

Original Deployment Schedule• 5 Units to be deployed by winter ’04-05

• Additional 15 Units deployed by winter ’05-06

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THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 51 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

Observatory I&T Flow

ASI Sensor Fab / Integration

(UCB)

Subsystem Acceptance Test

(incl performance verification)

GMAG / GPS Fab / Integration

(UCLA)

Subsystem Acceptance Test

(incl performance verification)

OSE Fab / Integration

(UCB)

Subsystem Acceptance Test

(incl performance verification)

Subsystem Inspection

Subsystem Inspection

Subsystem Inspection

System Integration

Functional Test

Burn - In

Shipment to Site

On-Site Functional Test and Verification

Remote Comms Verification

Physical Installation

Custodian Orientation

Remote Data Acquisition &

Control Verification

Installation Team departs site only after Operation is confirmed

Unattended Operation

Page 52: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 52 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

ASI Unit Test Summary

Acceptance Tests:• FOV (>170°)• Exposure Time (duration at least 1 sec)• Spectral Response

– Produce detectable response to source radiance < 10kR– Goal < 1kR– Passband 400 – 700nm– 1 sec exposure duration

• Spatial Resolution (>250 pixel image diameter)– Verify point source response

• Cadence (better than 10s)– Goal < 5s

• Record dark and bias images (room temperature)• Record response to standard source

Pre-Shipment:• Focus adjustment and verification• Alignment verification (top of image relative to alignment datum)• Heater control functional test (incl thermistor time response)• Solenoid functional test (#iterations TBD)• Internal mechanical inspection checklist• Final Assembly / purge and backfill• Final functional test and Imager Burn-in (duration TBD)

Page 53: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO CDR 53 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004

Instrument Integration and Test

Verification Tests Performed by UCLA

2.6.1 GMAG Sensitivity (UCLA CF)

2.6.2 GMAG 3-axis Sensing (SGDSD)

2.6.3 GMAG Dynamic Range (UCLA CF)

2.6.4 GMAG Time Resolution (UCLA CF)

2.7.4 GPS Time Base (UCLA CF)

2.7.9 Operating Temperature (UCLA CF)

CF - Calibration Facility

SGDSD - San Gabriel Dam Site Deployment

Page 54: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 54 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

Current Deployment Schedule

Deployments scheduled between May and Oct in ’04, ’05, ‘06

By Winter ’04-’05: 6 GBOs done• Summer ’04: deploy 4 in

Canada, 2 in Alaska

By Winter ’05-’06: 14 GBOs done• Summer ’05: deploy 6 in

Canada, 2 in Alaska• Demonstrate operational

breadth of network

By Time of Themis Launch (Oct. ’06): 20 GBOs completed• Summer ’06: deploy final 6 in

Canada• Complete the network, have all

operating

Page 55: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 55 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

Deploy Schedule Summary

No. Site Abbrev. Location Latitude Longitude GMAG type Deploy12 Athabasca ATHA Canada 54.7 246.7 NRCan & GPS-2 Apr-049 Prince George PGEO Canada 53.9 237.4 GMAG-Proto Jun-043 Mcgrath MCGR USA 63 204.4 GMAG-1 (6/18/04) Jul-047 Lac de Gras LGRA Canada 64.6 250 GMAG-2 (6/21/04) Jul-04

14 The Pas TPAS Canada ? ? GMAG-3 (6/28/04) Sep-042 Fort Yukon FYU USA 67 199.6 GI & GPS-1 Oct-04

8 Fort Simpson FSIM Canada 61.8 238.8 CGSM & GPS-3 May-054 Kiana KIA USA 66.6 214.7 GMAG-4 (9/24/04) Jun-055 Inuvik INUV Canada 68.3 226.7 CGSM ('06) & GPS-4 Jun-051 Gakona GAK USA 62.4 214.8 GI & GPS-5 Jul-05

10 Rankin Inlet RANK Canada 62.8 267.9 CGSM & GPS-6 Jul-0518 Nain NAIN Canada 56.5 298.3 GMAG-5 (9/27/04) Aug-0519 Gangon GANG Canada 51.9 291.8 GMAG-6 (3/14/05) Sep-0515 Pinawa PINA Canada 50.3 264 CGSM & GPS-7 Oct-05

11 Fort Smith FSMI Canada 60 248.1 CGSM & GPS-8 May-0613 Gillam GILL Canada 56.4 265.4 CGSM & GPS-9 May-0616 PBQ PBQ Canada 55.3 292.3 NRCan & GPS-10 Jun-066 White Horse WHOR Canada 60.7 224.9 GMAG-7 (5/2/05) Jul-06

20 Goose Bay GBAY Canada 53.3 299.6 GMAG-8 (5/9/05) Aug-0617 Kapuskasing KAPU Canada 49.4 277.6 GMAG-9 (5/16/05) Sep-06

Notes:

“GMAG-n” is a full UCLA-built system with GMAG sensor, expected delivery in parentheses

“GPS-n” is a UCLA-built system with GPS-only

Page 56: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 56 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

Status/Issues

GBO Production Procurement Status/Issues• ASI and OSE procurement is already in progress

– Cameras, Lenses, Power components already in house– ASI Enclosure production is in procurement

• Need to identify sites that require a Computer Enclosure– Ideally we purchase what we need in one order– Changes to design will likely cause some delay in fabrication

Open Issues• Sun shield design validation• Integration of Iridium is lagging

Page 57: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 57 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

CDR Peer Review Results

RFA # Status Title Action SummaryGBO-1 Closed Create test and verification

planA T/V Plan document is forthcoming. Test matrix and test flow are completed.

GBO-2 Closed Create configuration control plan

Each site will have hardware configuration list that is unique. Software configuration for each site will be identical, based on reference system developed and maintained at UCB. This will be covered in CC Plan.

GBO-3 Closed Provide go/no-go criteria on GBO operational components

The GBO Operations Handbook will cover this.

GBO-4 Closed Specify mission criticality of E/PO elements

E/PO sites have never been considered as mission critical elements. They are educational opportunities.

GBO-5 Closed Responsibilities for Critical Monitoring

GBO Operations Handbook will cover this.

GBO-6 Closed Establish network security plan GBO network security plan is in process. Will cover details of filtering network I/O, and configuration of network data servers.

GBO CDR Peer Review on 26-27 April, 2004 resulted in 6 RFAs. All have been closed by the review board.

Page 58: THEMIS/GBO CDR 1 UC Berkeley, June 17, 2004 Ground Based Observatories (GBO) CDR S. B. Mende University of California - Berkeley.

THEMIS/GBO Mission CDR 58 UCB, Jun. 17, 2004

CDR Peer Review Results

Suggestion # Title Discussion StatusGBO-S1 Humidity Control Implement humidity sensors, include in housekeeping will comply

GBO-S2 Active Thermal Control

Implement additional thermal protection will comply

GBO-S3 Lightning Implement lightning arresters - GPS includes this. Other external components under review.

under review

GBO-S4 Cemented Lenses Follow manufacturer's environmental (temperature, humidity) recommendations for cemented optics.

under review

GBO-S5 Exterior Field Hardware label

Include contact information on enclosure will comply

GBO-S6 GBO OSE and ASI enclosure materials

Review material compatibility for sun exposure will comply

GBO-S7 Setting up the ASI Provide set up fixture for levelling and orientation. will comply

GBO-S8 Satellite Photos of Cloud cover

Archive satellite imagery of cloud cover, for future data analysis.

will comply

GBO-S9 Data comms open year round

Maintain year-round communications to monitor station status. Note: GMAG to be operated continuously

will comply

GBO-S10 Observatory enclosure sizes

Review tranportability of enclosures, relative to maximum size constraints.

will comply

GBO-S11 Recognize Canadian participation

E/PO group reference Canandian participation will comply

GBO-S12 Iridium satcomm Review power requirements and reliability available. will comply

GBO CDR Peer Review on 26-27 April, 2004 resulted in several recommendations, summarized below...


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