Theories of Theories of Personality: Personality:

Carl JungCarl Jung

Who was Carl Who was Carl Jung?Jung?

Jung was a colleague of FreudJung was a colleague of Freud

He was obsessed with the He was obsessed with the unconscious mindunconscious mind

But, Jung viewed the unconscious But, Jung viewed the unconscious mind differently than Freudmind differently than Freud

Jung saw personality development Jung saw personality development as lifelong process of striving to as lifelong process of striving to reconcile opposite urgesreconcile opposite urges

The TheoryThe TheoryJung’s theory divided the human mind into three parts:Jung’s theory divided the human mind into three parts:

The EgoThe Ego The Personal UnconsciousThe Personal Unconscious The Collective UnconsciousThe Collective Unconscious

EgoEgo Jung defines this as the Jung defines this as the

unconscious mindunconscious mind

The Personal The Personal UnconsciousUnconscious

Anything that is not presently conscious, but can be. It Anything that is not presently conscious, but can be. It includes both memories that are easily brought to includes both memories that are easily brought to mind and those that have been repressed for some mind and those that have been repressed for some reason. reason.

What might Freud call this?What might Freud call this?

The Collective The Collective UnconsciousUnconscious

This refers to our “Psychic Inheritance”:This refers to our “Psychic Inheritance”: The reservoir of our experiences as a species, a kind The reservoir of our experiences as a species, a kind

of knowledge we are all born with (the collective of knowledge we are all born with (the collective memories of the entire human race). We are not memories of the entire human race). We are not directly conscious of it but it influences all our directly conscious of it but it influences all our experiences and behaviors. experiences and behaviors.

According to Jung, this is who so many cultures have According to Jung, this is who so many cultures have the same symbols recurring in their myths, religion, the same symbols recurring in their myths, religion, art, and dreams. The common symbols are referred art, and dreams. The common symbols are referred to as to as archetypesarchetypes..

In Freud’s theory… what do we call this?In Freud’s theory… what do we call this?

ArchetypesArchetypes The content of the The content of the

collective unconscious collective unconscious are called "Archetypes"are called "Archetypes"

Jung believed humans Jung believed humans are not born "clean are not born "clean slates". He thought we slates". He thought we came into this world with came into this world with certain pre-dispositions certain pre-dispositions that cause behavior. that cause behavior.

These behaviors were These behaviors were driven by archetypes or driven by archetypes or archetypal behavior.archetypal behavior.

Examples of Examples of ArchetypesArchetypes

Family Archetypes:Family Archetypes: The Father – Stern, Powerful, ControllingThe Father – Stern, Powerful, Controlling The Mother – Feeding, Nurturing, SoothingThe Mother – Feeding, Nurturing, Soothing The Child – Birth, Beginnings, SalvationThe Child – Birth, Beginnings, Salvation

Story Archetypes:Story Archetypes: The Hero – Rescuer, ChampionThe Hero – Rescuer, Champion The Maiden – Purity, DesireThe Maiden – Purity, Desire The Wise Old Man – Knowledge, GuidanceThe Wise Old Man – Knowledge, Guidance The Magician – Mysterious and PowerfulThe Magician – Mysterious and Powerful The Witch or Sorceress - DangerousThe Witch or Sorceress - Dangerous The Trickster – Deceiving and HiddenThe Trickster – Deceiving and Hidden

Animal Archetypes:Animal Archetypes: The Faithful Dog – Unquestioning LoyaltyThe Faithful Dog – Unquestioning Loyalty The Enduring Horse – Never Giving UpThe Enduring Horse – Never Giving Up The Devious Cat – Self Serving The Devious Cat – Self Serving

Examples of Examples of ArchetypesArchetypes

Examples of Examples of ArchetypesArchetypes

Examples of Examples of ArchetypesArchetypes

Examples of Examples of ArchetypesArchetypes

Introvert and Introvert and ExtrovertExtrovert

Jung is most famous for his Jung is most famous for his development of the development of the personality types of personality types of INTROVERT and INTROVERT and EXTROVERT. Introverts EXTROVERT. Introverts are people who prefer their are people who prefer their internal world of thoughts, internal world of thoughts, feelings, and dreams. feelings, and dreams. Extroverts prefer the Extroverts prefer the external world of things, external world of things, other people, and activities.other people, and activities.

Myers-Briggs Personality Myers-Briggs Personality Inventory (MBPI)Inventory (MBPI)

MBPI results MBPI results indicate respondents' indicate respondents' likely preferences on likely preferences on four dimensions four dimensions based upon their based upon their placement on these placement on these scales:scales:

Extraversion (E) OR Extraversion (E) OR Introversion (I) Introversion (I) Sensing (S) OR Intuition (N) Sensing (S) OR Intuition (N) Thinking (T) OR Feeling (F) Thinking (T) OR Feeling (F) Judging (J) OR Perceiving (P) Judging (J) OR Perceiving (P)

There are sixteen There are sixteen possible ways to possible ways to combine the combine the preferences, resulting preferences, resulting in sixteen MBTI in sixteen MBTI types: ISTJ, ISTP, types: ISTJ, ISTP, ESTP, ESTJ, ISFJ, ESTP, ESTJ, ISFJ, ISFP, ESFP, ESFJ, ISFP, ESFP, ESFJ, INFJ, INFP, ENFP, INFJ, INFP, ENFP, ENFJ, INTJ, INTP, ENFJ, INTJ, INTP, ENTP, and ENTJ.ENTP, and ENTJ.

Myers-BriggsMyers-Briggs The rationale is The rationale is

that if employees that if employees and supervisors and supervisors understand the understand the "type" that they "type" that they are dealing with, are dealing with, they will have a they will have a more productive more productive and harmonious and harmonious workplace. workplace.