Thermal Thermal Energy Energy

Transfer NotesTransfer Notes

Substances Substances are made of are made of

small small particles particles ((atomsatoms))

which are in which are in constant constant motion.motion.

The total energy The total energy of the particles in of the particles in

a substance is a substance is calledcalled thermal thermal

energy energy

+ =

Thermal energy is Thermal energy is a form ofa form of kinetic kinetic

energyenergy..

Why do you think it Why do you think it is a form of kinetic is a form of kinetic

energy?energy?

As the particles in As the particles in a substance a substance

move move fasterfaster the the amount of amount of

energy increases energy increases and so does the and so does the temperature.temperature.

The amount of The amount of thermal energy thermal energy

is measured is measured with a with a

thermometer.thermometer.

Thermal energy Thermal energy can be can be transferred transferred from place to from place to place.place.

We can predict We can predict which way the which way the energy will energy will movemove. .

Thermal energy Thermal energy moves from the moves from the greatest amount of greatest amount of energy (warmest) energy (warmest) to the lowest to the lowest energy (coolest).energy (coolest).

The energy will continue The energy will continue to move until it reaches to move until it reaches

equilibriumequilibrium. .

Energy Movement

This means both objects will This means both objects will have the same amount of have the same amount of energy or temperatureenergy or temperature..

Energy Movement

Which way does the Which way does the thermal energy thermal energy move?move?

The The thermal thermal energy energy moves moves

from warm from warm to cool.to cool.

There are There are three ways three ways thermal thermal energy energy can be can be transferretransferred.d.

ConductiConductiononConvectioConvectionnRadiationRadiation

ConductioConduction…n…Thermal energy transfers when two objects or particles touch.

ConvectioConvection…n…

In gases and liquids

(fluidsfluids), thermal energy is transferred through the fluid by convection.

The fluid The fluid circulatescirculates in a in a manner such manner such that the that the warmer warmer material rises material rises and the cooler and the cooler material sinks. material sinks.

Radiation…Radiation…Thermal energy can be transferred through empty space.

This method of This method of heat transfer heat transfer occurs in occurs in space, the space, the atmosphere, atmosphere, and from light.and from light.

Examples of Radiation Examples of Radiation

Convection, Conduction and

Radiation

Convection, Conduction Convection, Conduction and Radiation and Radiation

Interactive Heat Transfer Interactive Heat Transfer