Perform Achieve and Trade (PAT) Scheme Thermal Power Plant
Perform Achieve Trade 2015
2015
PAT Scheme at a glance including available institutional mechanism for implementation of measures for achieving PAT targets and current status of its implementation in Thermal Power stations
S Vikash Ranjan Technical Expert
GIZ/BEE
SVR 2015
Major initiative for energy and emission (TPP) ► Mandatory SEC reduction target by PAT scheme (2012-15)
– 144 number of large power plants consuming 104.56 million toe in 2010 – Total energy savings target of 3.1 million toe per annum
► Technical standards defined by CEA – Norms for maximum continuous rating under worst fuel quality stipulated for the unit (2010 latest) – Norms for minimum Boiler efficiency (2010 latest) – Norms for minimum Gross turbine cycle heat rate for sub-critical and supercritical (2010 latest) – Norms for minimum generator efficiency at Rated load (2010 latest) – Guidelines and recommendation to ministry to push supercritical technology (12th plan)
• 38% of the coal based plants with supercritical technology in 12th plan • 100% of the coal plants using supercritical technology from 13th plan onwards; • Coal linkages only for supercritical plants from 13th plan onwards
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❶ PAT Scheme ❷ Institutional Mechanism ❸ Current Status
Topics
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PAT Scheme
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PAT Overview and Elements
Covers 478 Designated Consumer (DCs) in 8 energy intensive industry and Gate to Gate boundary concept adopted.
Energy consumption of these plants was about 1/3rd of the total energy consumed in India in the baseline year (2009-10).
Large variations in energy intensities of different units in almost every sector
Key Goal :Mandate Specific Energy Consumption improvement Energy Intensity reduction target for each unit based on its current
efficiency in base line (2009-10) Multi- cycle process –First PAT cycle till 2014-15 Design based on extensive consultations over 2010-12
2001 2014-2015
Energy Conservation Act enacted
National Action Plan on Climate Change released
Sector studies Commenced to identify DCs
Baseline data collection begins
Financial outlay of over US$20 million approved
National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE) Approved by Ministry of Power
Nation wide Consultation Workshops organised; consultation continues through 2012
NMEEE approved by Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change
Energy Conservation Act amended to make provisions for issue of energy saving certificates, imposition of penalty for non compliance and trading Of ESCerts
Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme came into effect; first compliance period begins (2012-2015)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Base line Studies completed, Draft PAT Rules prepared and feed back sought on draft targets
Assessment year of First PAT Cycle
Aluminium Cement, Chlor-alkali, Fertilizer, Iron & Steel, Paper & Pulp, Textile and Thermal Power Stations
HIGHLIGHTS DCs
National Target of Energy Saving among all Sectors
SNo Sector No. of
Identified DCs
Annual Energy
Consumption (Million
toe)
Share Consumpti
on (%)
Apportioned Energy
Reduction For PAT Cycle-1
(Million toe)
1 Power (Thermal) 144 104.56 63.38% 3.211
2 Iron & Steel 67 25.32 15.35% 1.486 3 Cement 85 15.01 9.10% 0.815 4 Aluminium 10 7.71 4.67% 0.456 5 Fertilizer 29 8.20 4.97% 0.478 6 Paper & Pulp 31 2.09 1.27% 0.119 7 Textile 90 1.20 0.73% 0.066 8 Chlor- Alkali 22 0.88 0.53% 0.054
Total 478 164.97 100.00% 6.686
Total EE Projects planned in 2012-15: 2057 Total anticipated investment : Rs. 27300 Crore The direct benefit for the participating industries in this period is reductions in input costs related to energy of approximately Rs. 6800 Crore.
Sectoral Share in Energy Saving Target (%) (2012-15)
Reduction in India's CO2 emissions by 24 million tons / year in 2014-15.
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Indian Power Scenario- Baseline year
2009-10: Baseline year
Type Central (MW)
State (MW)
Private (MW)
Total (MW)
Hydro 8565.4 27065 1233 36863
Thermal 37867 49626 14961 102454
Nuclear 4560 0 12820 17380
RES 50992 76691 29014 156697
Total Installed capacity of Thermal Power Plant in India 102454 MW
89% of total Thermal Power Plant Capacity included under PAT
Inclusion of 90994 MW Thermal Power Plant Capacity under PAT
Sources: CEA.
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Thermal Power Plant - PAT Cycle I
Total No of DCs -144 Threshold Limit:
– 30,000 tons of oil equivalent (TOE) per annum
Total Target Set
– 3.1 MTOE
Thermal Power Plants [DC :144 Nos]
Coal/Lignite [97] Gas [40] Diesel
[7]
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Methodology for Energy Benchmarking in TPPs
Net Design Heat Rate
= Gross Design Heat Rate 1- APC% operative
Net Operating Heat Rate
= Gross Operating Heat Rate 1- APC% operative
Heat Rate Deviation (%)
= (Operating Heat Rate – Design Heat Rate) x 100 Design Heat Rate
Heat Rate Deviation
= (Operating Heat Rate – Design Heat Rate)
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Parameter Unit Plant-1 Plant-2
Gross Heat Rate (GHR)
kcal/kwh 2500 2500
Auxiliary Power Consumption (APC)
% 8% 10%
NHR = GHR / (1- APC%) Net Heat Rate (NHR)
kcal/kwh 2717 (= 2500/0.92)
2777 (=2500/0.90)
Net Heat Rate Target
Deviation in Net Station Heat Rate from Design Net Heat Rate
Reduction Target for Deviation in Net Station Heat Rate (%)
Up to 5 %
10 %
More than 5% and Up to 10 %
17 %
More than 10% and Up to 20%
21 %
More Than 20 %
24 %
Ex-NHR Calculation % Reduction Target for deviation in NHR
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Ex-Target Setting
S. No. Parameters Unit Plant A Calculation Plant B
1 Installed Capacity MW 1470 1470 2 Annual Gross Gen. MU 11008 11008 3 Annual Net Gen. MU 10052 10052 4 Annual PLF % 85.5 85.5 5 Annual Average Operating Heat Rate kcal/kWh 2636 2560 6 Average APC % 8.68 8.68 7 Station Design Heat Rate kcal/kWh 2343.7 =2045/0.8725 2343.7 8 Turbine Design Heat Rate Kcal/kWh 2045 2045 9 Boiler Efficiency % 87.25 87.25 10 Net Operating Heat Rate kcal/kWh 2887 =2636/(1-0.0868) 2803
11 Net Design Heat Rate kcal/kWh 2566 =2343.7/(1-0.0868) 2566
12 Deviation from Design Net Heat Rate kcal/kWh 320 =2887-2566 237 13 % Deviation % 12.48 =320/2566 9.23
14 Target Reduction @% Deviation (kcal/kWh) 67 @21% deviation =320x0.21 40
15 Target Net Heat Rate kcal/kWh 2820 =2887-67 2763 16 Reduction Target in TOE toe 67637 =67x1005/10 40200
Baseline Parameter and target calculation for Plant A and Plant B at different % deviation
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Energy Benchmarking • The average operating net heat rate of the country
stands at 2860 kcal/kWh with a bandwidth of 2422 to 4585 kcal/kwh
• Only 33% of power plants in the country are operating at net heat rates below 2750 kcal/kWh [derived from CERC norm of 2500 kcal/kwh as gross heat rate and average APC of 9 % which gives an equivalent station net heat rate of 2750 kcal/kWh]
• 6-15% improvement potential is envisaged in about 50% of the plants having net HR bandwidth of 2750 – 3900 kcal/kWh
• Deviation of (operating NHR from Design NHR) 5-35% observed in about 60% of the plants
• Stakeholder interaction revealed that interventions with moderate investments may result in improvement of ONHR of such category plants which may be harnessed through detailed energy audits, monitoring of critical equipments, adoption of proven technologies and improved O&M practices.
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Energy Benchmarking • The bandwidth of operating APC of Indian TPPs covered
under PAT scheme ranges from 5.5 to 15 % with an average of 8.52 %
• APC of 5.5% to 8% (20 plants), 8-12% (54 plants)
PAT Scheme is targeting 90-110 kCal/kWh reduction in GHR and 1% in APC by 2015
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Institutional Mechanism
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Institutional Framework Transparency, flexibility and Industry engagement in program design help ensure effective industrial energy
efficiency policy
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PAT-Related Activities Designated Consumer required to
► Designate or appoint energy manager in charge of activities for efficient use of energy and its conservation
► Prepare and Maintain Quarterly Data Reports, Yearly Data Reports and EOC Report ► On the performance of plant and production process ► Outcome of Internal Field Audit ► Measures to reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency ► Measures taken to improve the efficiency of the production processes during each year
State Designated Agency ► Check-Verification and Inspection ► Penalties and Adjudication
Bureau of Energy Efficiency ► Accreditation of Certified Energy Auditor for Energy Auditing ► Issuance of ESCerts
Accredited Energy Auditor ► Carry out Mandatory Energy Audit and submit action on Recommendations ► Monitoring and Verification of each Designated Consumer
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Current Status
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Performance of DCs during 2013-14 (Unverified data)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
TPP Nos Achieved Better Performance Performnace Deteriorated
89
33
21
35 39
9 4
26
5 4 0 1
Nos
of T
herm
al P
ower
Pla
nt
Status
Performance of DCs of TPPs during 2013-14 (Based on Form-I submitted by DCs)
Coal Gas Diesel
The data is based on the Form –I submitted by DCs ► Does not include Normalisation
Factor ► Based on Un-verified data
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Performance of DCs in the year 2013-14 (Unverified data)
81.79
72.56
64.70
76.71
51.83
41.13
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
Coal Gas Diesel
% P
LF
Type of TPPs
Average PLF of DCs in TPPs for Baseline year & 2013-14 (As reported in Form I by DCs)
Av PLF (BY 2009-10) Av PLF 2013-14
Major Reason for Low PLF ► Non-Availability of Fuel ► Schedule un-availability
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Performance of DCs in the year 2013-14 (Unverified data)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87
Net
Hea
t Rat
e kc
al/k
Wh
TPP
Net Heat Heat Compariosn Baseline Year Vs 2013-14 (Coal Based Power Plant
Baseline Year 2013-14
Backup data
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M&V Activities
◙ Data entry in Pro-forma for Assessment year and Baseline years as per instruction sheet
◙ Source of Data from Primary and secondary source to be kept ready for verification as per guidelines
◙ Performance Assessment Form (Form A)
◙ Selection and hiring of Empaneled AEA as per guidelines of PAT Rules
◙ Submission of Form A and Form B along with Form I to SDA and BEE
Designated Consumer
◙ Baseline data entry in sector specific pro-forma for Production and Energy as per Baseline Report for individual DCs
◙ Locked-in Pro-forma to be sent to DCs for data entry in assessment year and left out data in the baseline years
◙ Preparation of Document ► Normalisation Document ► M&V Protocol
BEE ◙ Team Building by Empanelled
AEA including experts ◙ Documents to carry
► Baseline report ► Sector specific Pro-forma ► Normalisation Document ► M&V Protocol
◙ Work distribution among Team members at site
◙ Cross verification of Baseline data in the Pro-forma from the baseline report
◙ Review of Pro-forma data and its source
◙ Review of application of formulae and calculation
◙ Preparation of verification report ◙ Form B signing
Empanelled AEA [EmAEA]
OUTPUT Sector Specific Pro-forma Normalisation Document
M&V Protocol
OUTPUT Filled-in Pro-forma Filled-in Form A,B
Source of Data as Document
OUTPUT Verified Pro-forma
EmAEA Signed Form B
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► Sector Specific Pro-forma ► Normalisation Formulae Document ► Normalisation Document ► Monitoring and Verification (M&V) Guidelines ► Reporting Format for M&V (Verification Report) ► Check List
Documents for M&V
Form I
Normalisation Document
M&V Protocol
BEE BEE BEE
AEA SDA
M&V Report
Check List
BEE
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Normalization Factors- Broad Categorization in Thermal Power Plant
• Loading Factor – Scheduling and Backing down – Reserve shutdown – Coal or Gas unavailability
• Coal Quality • APC% linked with Loading factor • APC% linked with Coal Quality • Capacity Utilisation
– Start up /Shut down (Energy consumed during shutdown/restart will not be considered in assessment year (Difference from the baseline w.r.t. external factor)
• Gas Open/Closed Cycle • Gas Fuel Mix • Gas NCV
• Environmental Concern (Additional Environmental Equipment requirement due to major change in government policy on Environment)
• Construction Phase or Project Activities
• Addition of New Line/Unit • Unforeseen Circumstances beyond
the Plant’s control
Thank you
