Date post: | 02-Dec-2014 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | thejackal205 |
View: | 329 times |
Download: | 9 times |
APPENDIX A
A. TABLES
Contents 0: Units, conversions.1: Molecular weights, critical and other properties of selected elements
and compounds.2: Triple points of several substances (solid, liquid and vapor phase).3: LennardβJones parameters.
4A: Properties of saturated water (liquidβvapor): temperature.4B: Properties of saturated water (liquidβvapor): pressure.4C: Properties of superheated water vapor.5A: Properties of saturated refrigerant 134a (liquidβvapor): temperature.5B: Properties of saturated refrigerant 134a (liquidβvapor): pressure.5C: Properties of superheated refrigerant 134a vapor.6A: Properties of selected solids at 25ΒΊC.6B: Properties of some liquids at 25ΒΊC.6C: Properties of various ideal gases at 25ΒΊC, 100 kPa (SI units).6D: Curve fit for thermodynamic properties of liquids.6E: Curve fit for thermodynamic properties of solids.
6F1: Curve fit for thermodynamic properties of gases.6F2: Curve fit for thermodynamic properties of gases.
7: Ideal gas properties of air.8: Ideal gas properties of carbon monoxide.9: Ideal gas properties of carbon dioxide.
10: Ideal gas properties of hydrogen atoms.11: Ideal gas properties of molecular hydrogen.12: Ideal gas properties of water.13: Ideal gas properties of nitrogen atoms.14: Ideal gas properties of nitric oxide.15: Ideal gas properties of nitrogen dioxide.16: Ideal gas properties of molecular nitrogen.17: Ideal gas properties of oxygen atoms.18: Ideal gas properties of hydroxyl, OH.19: Ideal gas properties of molecular oxygen.
20A: Constants for the BenedictβWebbβRubin.20B: Constants for the Beatie Bridgemann equation.
21: LeeβKessler constants.22: Pitzer generalized saturation data.
23A: LeeβKessler values for z (0) (Tr, Pr).23B: LeeβKessler values for z (1) (Tr, Pr).24A: LeeβKessler residual enthalpy values for ((hl β h)(0)/ (RT)).24B: LeeβKessler residual enthalpy values for ((h* β h)(1)/ (RT)).25A: LeeβKessler residual entropy values for ((s* β s)(0)/ (RT)).25B: LeeβKessler residual entropy values for ((s* β s)(1)/ (RT)).26A: LeeβKessler fugacity coefficient values for (log10 f/p)(0).26B: LeeβKessler residual fugacity coefficient values for (f (1)/P).27A: Values of the enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of formation,
absolute entropy, and enthalpy of vaporization at 25ΒΊC and 1 atm.27B: Values of enthalpy of combustion, Gibbs free energy change, entropy
change and chemical availability in dry air during the combustion of
TABLE
fuels at standard temperature To = 25oC, and pressure Po = 1 atm.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
27C: Values of the adiabatic flame temperature, entropy generation at 298K, and the composition of some of the product gases during the com-bustion of various hydrocarbons in a perfectly insulated steady stateburner.
28A: Values of the constants Ak and Bk for the reaction mechanisms of theformation of various substances in idealβgas states at standard pres-sure Po = 1 atm, for use in the approximate expression.
28B: Values of log10 K.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 0: UNITS, CONVERSIONS
Other Conversions1 atm 14.696
lbf
in.
1.013 bar
1 Bbl 42 gal 5.615 ft
1 Bbl
1 BTU 778.17 lbf ft 1.0551kJ
1 BTUlbm ft
s
1 ft 12 in 0.3048 m
1 gal in ft
1 gal
1 hp 0 Btu / s 0.746 kW
1 lbf 32.174 lbm ft
s
1 mile 5280 ft 1609 m
1 psi 1 lbf
in.144
lbf
ft
1 psi
2
3
2
2
3 3
2
2 2
= =
=
= =
=
= β =
=β
= =
= =
=
= =
=β
= =
= =
=
1 0133
1
158 98
25 037
231 0 1337
3 785
7064
.
.
,
.
.
.
bar
atm
L
L
6.894 kPa6.894 kPa
Unit SI unitsacre 4046.9 m2
Angstrom 1.0x10-10 matmosphere 101325 Pabar 1Γ105 PaBTU 1055.1 Jday 86400 sΒΊR 0.555556 Kft 0.3048 mgal 3.7854Γ10β3 m3
hour 3600 shp 745.70 Winch 0.0254 mlbf 4.4482 Nlbm 0.45359 kgliter 0.001 m3
mile 1609.3 mminute 60 smm hg 133.32 Papsi 6894.8 Pa
Multiplier Prefix Symbol1012 tera T109 giga G106 mega M103 kilo k102 hecta h10 deca da
10β1 deci d10β2 centi c10β3 milli m10β6 micro Β΅
10β9 nano n10β12 pico p10β15 femto f10β18 atto a
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Others1 short ton = 2000 lb1 metric ton = 1000 kg1 long ton = 2240 lb1 lb = 7000 grainsgc = 32.174 lbm ft /s2 lbfJ = 778.14 ft lbf/ BTUOne (food) calorie = 1000calories or 1 kcalT(K) = T(oC) + 273.15T(oR) = T(oF) + 459.67Navag = 6.023Γ10 26 molecules/kmol for a molecular substance (e.g., oxygen) = 6.023Γ10 26 atoms/atom mole for an atomic substance (e.g., He)kB, Boltzmann Constant =1.38x10-26 kJ/molecule KhP , Planckβs constant = 6626x10-37kJ-s/moleculec, Speed of light in vacuum = 2.998x108 m/s.Ideal Gas LawPv = RT; PV = m R T; PV = nRT, Pv = R T ,R = 8.314
kPa m
k mole K = 0.08314
bar m
k mole K
3 3
= 1.986Btu
lbmole Ro = 1545
ftlbf
lbmole Ro= 0.7299 atm ft3/lb mole R
Volume of 1 kmol (SI) and 1 lb mole (English) of an ideal gas at STP conditions as definedbelow:
STP:25ΒΊC (77ΒΊF), 101 kPa(14.7 psia)
STP: 15ΒΊC (60ΒΊF), 101kPa(14.7) psia
STP: 0ΒΊC (32ΒΊF), 101 kPa(14.7 psia)
24.5 m3/kmol, 392 ft3/lbmole
23.7 m3/kmol, 375.6 ft3/lbmole
22.4 m3/kmol, 359.2 ft3/lbmole
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 1: Molecular weights, critical and other properties of selected elements and compoundsTMP: Temperature of melting or freezing point, TBP: temperature of normal boiling points, hsf: heat of melting, hfg: heat of evaporation, w:Pitzer factor
Substance M Tc Pc zc vc w TMP TBP hsf hfg a , RK b , RK a , VW b , VWK bar K K kJ/kg kJ/kg (bar
m6K0.5)/kmol2
m3/kmol (bar m6)/kmol2
m3/kmol
Acetic acid C2H4O2 60.06 594.4 57.9 0.200 0.171 0.462 289.8 391.1 195.4 394.6 439.62 0.0739 17.7944 0.10669Acetone CH3COCH3 58.08 508.1 47 0.233 0.209 0.306 178.2 329.4 98.0 501.7 365.87 0.0779 16.0179 0.11235Acetylene C2H2 26.04 308.8 61.4 0.270 0.113 0.190 189.2 189.2 144.6 653.6 80.65 0.0362 4.52887 0.05227Air 28.97 133 37.7 0.283 0.0829 78.7 15.99 0.0254 1.36825 0.03666Ammonia NH3 17.03 405.6 112.8 0.243 0.0725 0.250 195.4 239.7 332.4 1371.8 86.79 0.0259 4.25295 0.03737Aniline C6H7N 93.14 699 540 266.9 457.6 70.69 0.0093 2.63854 0.01345Argon Ar 39.95 150.8 48.7 0.291 0.0749 0.001 83.8 87.3 30.4 163.5 16.94 0.0223 1.36169 0.03218Benzene C6H6 78.11 562.1 48.9 0.271 0.259 0.212 278.7 353.3 126.0 394.1 452.67 0.0828 18.8418 0.11946Bromine Br2 159.81 584 103 0.269 0.127 0.108 265.9 332 236.46 0.0408 9.65589 0.05892Butaneβn C4H10 58.12 425.2 38 0.274 0.255 0.199 134.8 272.6 80.2 387.1 289.90 0.0806 13.8742 0.11629Butanol C3H9OH 62.13 562.95 44.18 390.9 502.93 0.0918 20.9179 0.13242Carbon dioxide CO2 44.01 304.2 73.8 0.274 0.094 0.239 194.7 194.7 196.6 347.6 64.62 0.0297 3.6565 0.04284Carbon disulfide CS2 76.13 552 79 0.293 0.17 0.115 162.0 319.4 267.78 0.0503 11.2475 0.07262Carbon monox-ide
CO 44.01 132.9 35 0.295 0.0931 0.066 68.1 81.7 29.9 215.8 17.19 0.0274 1.47159 0.03946
Carbon tetra-chloride
CCl4 153.8 556.4 45.6 0.272 0.276 0.193 250.3 349.9 16.5 194.0 473.22 0.0879 19.7976 0.12681
Chlorine Cl2 70.9 417 77.11 0.276 0.124 0.073 171.5 238.7 90.4 288.2 136.08 0.0390 6.57605 0.0562Chloroform CHCl3 119.37 536.4 55 0.295 0.239 0.216 209.6 334.3 79.9 249.0 358.03 0.0703 15.2552 0.10136Cyanogen C2N2 52.04 400 59.8 238.75 251.98 158.13 0.0482 7.8023 0.06952Cyclopentane C5H10 70.13 511.8 45.02 0.273 0.2583 0.194 179.3 322.4 8.7 388.7 388.96 0.0819 16.9668 0.11814Decaneβn C10H22 142.3 619 21.23 0.249 0.6031 0.484 243.5 447.0 201.8 281.2 1326.88 0.2100 52.6302 0.30301Ethane C2H6 30.54 305.4 48.8 0.285 0.1483 0.099 89.9 184.5 95.1 489.4 98.70 0.0451 5.57342 0.06504Ethanol C2H5OH 46.07 516.2 63.8 0.248 0.1671 0.644 159.1 351.5 107.9 841.6 280.40 0.0583 12.1792 0.08408Ether(diethyl) C4H10O 74.14 466.7 36.4 0.263 0.28 0.281 155.4 307.6 98.5 365.4 381.99 0.0924 17.4493 0.13325Ethyl benzene 106.2 617.2 36.09 0.263 0.3738 0.304 178.2 409.4 86.5 338.1 774.88 0.1232 30.78 0.17773Ethyl chloride C2H5Cl 64.51 460.4 52.69 0.275 0.2 0.191 136.8 285.4 69.0 383.7 255.07 0.0629 11.7313 0.09081Ethylene C2H4 28.05 282.4 50.4 0.280 0.1304 0.089 104.0 169.4 119.5 483.1 78.58 0.0404 4.61427 0.05823Ethylene Glycol 62.07 645.1 75.3 0.268 0.191 1.136 260.2 469.1 187.3 845.7 414.79 0.0617 16.1162 0.08903Fluorine F2 38 144 56.8 0.314 0.0662 0.054 53.5 85.0 171.9 12.95 0.0183 1.06459 0.02635
Formulaem3/kmol
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Substance M Tc Pc zc vc w TMP TBP hsf hfg a , RK b , RK a , VW b , VWK bar K K kJ/kg kJ/kg (bar
m6K0.5)/kmol2
m3/kmol (bar m6)/kmol2
m3/kmol
Freon 114 C2Cl2F4 170.92 418.9 32.6 0.274 0.293 0.256 179.3 276.9 136.2 325.55 0.0926 15.6966 0.13354Freon 12 CCl2F2 120.91 385 41.2 0.279 0.217 0.176 115.4 243.4 34.3 165.2 208.60 0.0673 10.4913 0.09711Freon 13 CClF3 104.46 302 39.2 0.281 0.18 92.0 191.7 148.5 119.48 0.0555 6.78472 0.08006Freon 152a CHF2CH3 66.06 386.4 45.2 0.253 0.1795 0.275 191.87 0.0616 11.5033 0.09078Freon 21 CHCl2F 102.92 451.6 51.7 0.271 0.197 138.0 282.0 242.4 247.71 0.0629 7.98175 0.07705Freon 22 CHClF2 86.47 369.2 49.8 0.268 0.165 113.0 232.4 233.7 155.41 0.0534 16.5875 0.12938Freon123 CHCl2CF3 152.93 456.9 36.7 0.269 0.2781 0.282 359.29 0.0897 10.0574 0.09579Freon134a CF3CH2F 102.04 374.2 40.6 0.258 0.198 0.327 197.15 0.0664 14.8916 0.11022Freon141 CH3CCl2F 116.95 481.5 45.4 0.286 0.252 0.215 331.12 0.0764 11.551 0.10033Freon142b CH3CClF2 100.5 410.3 42.5 0.288 0.231 0.250 237.09 0.0695 9.63251 0.08884Glycolβ1,2 Pro-pylene
C3H8O2 76.1 626 61 0.280 0.239 1.106 213.2 460.8 715.9 474.97 0.0739 18.7337 0.10665
GlycolβEthylene C2H6O2 62.07 645.1 75.3 0.268 0.191 1.136 260.2 470.5 187.3 845.7 414.79 0.0617 16.1162 0.08903Helium He 4 5.2 2.27 0.301 0.0573 β0.365 1.8 4.3 125.0 20.8 0.08 0.0165 0.03474 0.02381Heptaneβn C7H16 100.2 540.2 27.4 0.264 0.432 0.349 182 371.7 140.3 316.7 731.46 0.1420 31.0572 0.20489Hexadecane(cetane)
C16H34 226.4 720.6 14.19 0.220 0.93 0.747 291 559.8 235.7 232.0 2902.75 0.3658 106.711 0.52775
Hexaneβn C6H14 86.18 507.4 29.7 0.260 0.37 0.299 178 341.0 151.8 337.9 577.00 0.1231 25.2783 0.17755HFCβ125 CHF2CF3 120.03 339.2 35.95 0.302 225.1 174.18 0.0680 9.3329 0.09806HFCβ32 CH2F2 52.03 351.6 58.3 0.276 222.2 117.49 0.0434 6.18348 0.06268Hydrogen H2 2.02 33.2 13 0.307 0.0651 β0.218 14.0 20.4 58.2 448.6 1.44 0.0184 0.24725 0.02654Hydrogen chlo-ride
HCl 36.47 324.6 83 0.249 0.081 0.132 159.0 188.1 54.7 443.2 67.58 0.0282 3.70188 0.04064
Hydrogen sul-fide
H2S 34.08 373.2 89.4 0.284 0.0985 187.7 213.7 69.7 554.3 88.94 0.0301 4.54307 0.04338
Iodine I2 253.8 785.15 117.5 386.5 457.5 434.25 0.0481 15.2937 0.06942Isobutane C4H10 58.12 408.1 36.5 0.283 0.2627 0.177 260.9 78.1 368.2 272.38 0.0805 13.3059 0.1162Isohexane C6H14 86.18 497.45 30.4 330.9 536.50 0.1179 23.738 0.17006Isooctane C8H18 114.2 543.9 25.6 0.265 0.468 165.8 372.4 79.2 271.6 796.37 0.1530 33.6978 0.2208Isopentane C5H12 72.15 460.4 33.8 0.270 0.306 0.227 300.9 397.63 0.0981 18.2876 0.14156Isopropanol C3H7OH 60.1 508.3 47.64 0.248 0.2201 0.669 184.7 355.4 90.0 663.4 361.31 0.0769 15.8151 0.11088Krypton Kr 83.8 209.4 55 0.292 0.0924 0.005 104.3 120.9 34.09 0.0274 2.32485 0.03957Mercury Hg 200.59 1733 1077 233.8 629.0 11.4 343.03 0.0116 8.13177 0.01672Methane CH4 16.04 190.6 46 0.288 0.0992 0.011 90.7 111.7 58.7 510.2 32.22 0.0298 2.30299 0.04306Methanol CH3OH 32.04 512.6 81 0.224 0.118 0.556 175.5 337.8 99.2 1101.0 217.03 0.0456 9.45967 0.06577
Formulaem3/kmol
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Substance M Tc Pc zc vc w TMP TBP hsf hfg a , RK b , RK a , VW b , VWK bar K K kJ/kg kJ/kg (bar
m6K0.5)/kmol2
m3/kmol (bar m6)/kmol2
m3/kmol
Methyl Chloride CH3Cl 50.49 416.3 66.8 0.268 0.1389 0.153 175.4 249.3 129.7 426.8 156.42 0.0449 7.56554 0.06477Methylene chlo-ride
CH2Cl2 84.93 416.3 66.8 0.372 0.193 0.192 178.1 313.0 54.2 329.8 156.42 0.0449 7.56554 0.06477
Naphthlene C10H8 128.2 748.4 40.5 0.267 0.41 353.5 491.1 44.7 337.8 1117.98 0.1331 40.3289 0.19204Neon Ne 20.18 44.4 27.6 0.312 0.0417 β0.029 24.5 27.0 16.0 91.3 1.41 0.0116 0.20829 0.01672Neopentane C5H12 72.17 433.8 32 0.269 0.303 0.197 253.2 282.6 361.93 0.0976 17.1488 0.14088Nitric Oxide NO 30.01 180 65 0.252 0.058 0.588 109.5 121.4 76.7 460.5 19.76 0.0199 1.45357 0.02878Nitrogen N2 28.02 126.2 33.9 0.289 0.0895 0.039 63.3 77.4 25.7 199.2 15.60 0.0268 1.37001 0.03869Nitrogen diox-ide
NO2 46.01 431.4 101.3 0.480 0.17 0.834 261.9 294.3 414.5 112.76 0.0307 5.35741 0.04426
Nirous oxide N2O 44.01 309.6 72.4 0.274 0.0974 0.165 182.3 184.7 148.7 376.2 68.84 0.0308 3.86071 0.04444Nonane C9H20 128.3 595 22.73 0.252 0.5477 0.437 219.7 423.7 120.6 293.8 1122.66 0.1886 45.4191 0.27204Octaneβn C8H18 114.2 568.8 24.8 0.258 0.492 0.398 216.4 398.8 181.6 301.5 919.40 0.1652 38.0427 0.23836Octene C8H16 112.24 578.15 25.84 171.5 394.2 919.13 0.1612 37.723 0.23253Oxygen O2 32 154.6 50.5 0.288 0.0734 54.4 90.2 13.9 213.3 17.39 0.0221 1.38017 0.03182Ozone O3 48 261 53.7 0.220 0.0889 80.5 161.3 232.9 60.56 0.0350 3.69922 0.05051Pentaneβn C5H12 72.15 469.6 33.7 0.262 0.304 0.251 143.4 309.0 1163.3 360.2 419.03 0.1004 19.0823 0.14482Propane C3H8 44.1 369.8 42.5 0.281 0.203 0.153 85.5 231.1 79.9 426.0 182.85 0.0627 9.38315 0.09043Propanol C3H7OH 60.1 536.7 51.7 0.253 0.2185 0.628 147.0 370.4 86.5 688.5 381.41 0.0748 16.2471 0.10789Propylene C3H6 42.08 365 46.2 0.276 0.181 0.148 87.9 225.4 71.4 437.8 162.80 0.0569 8.40906 0.08211Propyne C3H4 40.065 402.4 56.3 0.276 0.164 0.215 170.5 250 170.49 0.0515 8.38709 0.07428S o d i u m hy-droxide
NaOH 40 2815 253.3 0.216 0.2 1.015 596.0 1830.0 165.3 4904.56 0.0800 912.238 1.1549
Styrene C8H8 104.2 647.6 39.99 0.261 0.3518 0.234 242.5 418.3 105.1 351.4 788.63 0.1166 30.582 0.1683Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.06 430.8 78.8 0.268 0.122 0.256 290.0 263.2 115.5 385.4 144.45 0.0394 6.86798 0.05682Sulfur trioxide SO3 80.06 490.9 82.07 0.256 0.1271 0.422 290.0 317.9 24.6 502.5 192.24 0.0431 8.5626 0.06216Sulfuric acid H2SO4 98.08 925 40.66 0.159 0.3 197.0 610.0 109.2 510.9 1891.22 0.1639 61.3649 0.23643Toluene C7H8 92.14 591.7 41.1 0.264 0.3158 178.2 383.8 72.0 364.7 612.31 0.1037 24.8408 0.14962Water H2O 18.02 647.3 220.9 0.230 0.056 0.344 273.2 373.2 333.7 2258.3 142.60 0.0211 5.5312 0.03045Xenon Xe 131.3 289.7 58.4 0.288 0.1186 0.008 133.2 72.28 0.0357 4.19071 0.05155Xyleneβp C8H10 106.2 616.3 35.11 0.260 0.3791 286.5 411.5 161.1 337.3 793.61 0.1264 31.5469 0.18242
Formulaem3/kmol
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 2: Triple Points of several substances (solid, liquid and vapor phase).
Substance T, K P, mm HgAcetylene 192.4 900Ammonia 195.40 45.57Argon 83.81 516.8Carbon 3900 75710Carbon dioxide 216.55 3885.1Carbon Monoxide 68.10 115.3Deuterium 18.63 128.0Ethane 89.89 0.006Ethylene 104.00 0.9Heavy water 272.04 4.528Helium none NoneHydrogen 13.84 52.8Hydrogen bromide 186.29 244Hydrogen chloride 158.96 104Hydrogen cyanide 259.91 140.4Hydrogen sulfide 187.66 173.9Krypton 115.6 53Mercury 234.28 2.3 x 10β6
Methane 90.68 87.7Neon 24.57 324Nitric oxide 109.50 164.4Nitrogen 63.18 94.3Nitrous oxide 182.34 658.9Oxygen 54.363 1.14Palladium 1825 0.0262Phosphorous 139.38 27.33Platinum 2045 1.5 X 10β4
Silicon tetrafluoride 182.9 1320Sulfur dioxide 197.69 1.256Sulfur hexafluoride 222.5 1700Titanium 1941 0.0397Uranium Hexafluoride 337.17 1137Water 273.16 4.587Xenon 161.3 611Zinc 692.65 0.487
Source: NBS (US) Cir. 500 (1952) and Kestin, J., A Course in Thermodynamics, HemispherePublishing Corporation, Washington, 1979.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 3: LennardβJones ParametersIf data are not found, use the approximate formulae: Ξ΅/kB= 0.77 Tc, 1.15 TBP, 1.9 TMP, TBPboiling point in K, TMP melting point in K. Ο (nm) = 0.841 vc1/3 ( m3/kmol), 1.166 vb1/3, 1.122vm1/3. vc, vb , vm specific volumes β respectively, critical, boiling, and melting. The first setis from viscosity data and the second from second virial coefficient data.
Species
Ar 0.039948 93.3 0.3542 119.8 0.3405 49.80Br 0.079916 236.6 0.3672 β β βBr2 0.159832 507.9 0.4296 β β βC12 0.070906 316.0 0.4217 β β β
C2H2 26.038 231.8 0.4033 β β βC2H4 28.054 224.7 0.4163 199.2 0.4523 116.7C2H6 30.07 230 0.4418 β β βC2N2 52.04 339 0.438 β β βC3H8 44.09 254 0.5061 β β βC4H10 58.12 313 0.5341 β β βC5H12 72.15 345 0.5769 β β βC6H14 86.17 413 0.5909 β β βC6H6 78.11 440 0.5270 β β βC8H18 114.22 320 0.7451 β β βCCl4 153.84 327 0.5881 β β βCH 13.009 68.6 0.3370 β β β
CH2Cl2 84.94 406 0.4759 β β βCH3Cl 50.49 855 0.3375 β β βCH4 16.043 148.6 0.3758 148.2 0.3817 70.16
CHCl3 119.39 327 0.543 β β βCl 0.035453 130.8 0.3613 β β βCN 0.026018 75.0 0.3856 β β βCO 28.011 91.7 0.3690 100.2 0.3763 67.22CO2 44.010 195.2 0.3941 189.0 0.4486 113.9COS 60.08 335 0.413 β β βCS2 76.14 488 0.4438 β β β
C6H12 (cyclo)
84.16 324 0.6093 β β β
F 0.018999 112.6 0.2986 β β βF2 0.037998 112.6 0.3357 β β βH 1.008 37.0 0.2708 β β βH2 2.016 59.7 0.2827 29.2 0.287 29.76
H2O 18.016 809.1 0.2641 β β βHBr 0.080924 449.0 0.3353 β β βHCI 0.036465 344.7 0.3339 β β βHCN 0.027026 569.1 0.3630 β β βHe 0.004003 10.22 0.2551 10.22 0.2556 21.07HF 0.020006 330.0 0.3148 β β βI2 0.025382 550 0.4982 β β βN 14.007 71.4 0.3298 β β βN2 28.013 71.4 0.3798 95.05 0.3698 63.78
Molecular weight Ξ΅/kB, K Ο, nm Ξ΅/kB, K Ο, nm bo*, m3/kmol Γ 103
Air 28.964 78.6 0.3711 99.2 0.3522 55.11
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Species Molecular weight Ξ΅/kB, K Ο, nm Ξ΅/kB, K Ο, nm bo*, m3/kmol Γ 103
N2O 44.016 232.4 0.3828 189.0 0.459 122.0Ne 0.020179 32.8 0.2820 35.60 0.2749 26.21NH 15.015 65.3 0.3312 β β βNH3 17.031 558.3 0.2900 β β βNO 30.008 116.7 0.3492 131.0 0.317 40.0O 16.000 106.7 0.3050 β β βO2 31.999 106.7 0.3467 117.5 0.358 57.75OH 17.008 79.8 0.3147 β β βSO2 0.06407 252 0.4290 β β βXe 0.01313 229 0.4055 β β β
b0 = (2/3) ΟΟ 3 Navag*Γ10β27 m3/kmol. It is suggested that the viscosity data be used exclusively
for transport coefficient calculations and that the second virial coefficient be used exclusivelyfor equation of state calculations.Β§ Data taken from R. A. Svehla, NASA Tech. Report Rβ132, Lewis Research Center, Cleve-land, Ohio (1962). Part of data and tables taken from J. 0. Hirshfelder, C. F. Curtis, and R. B.Bird. Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids, Wiley, New York (1954). (With permission.)
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 4A: Properties of saturated water (liquidβvapor): temperature table
5 0.0008721 0.001000 147.12 20.97 2361.3 2382.3 20.98 2489.6 2510.6 0.0761 8.9496 9.025710 0.0012276 0.001000 106.38 42.00 2347.2 2389.2 42.01 2477.7 2519.8 0.1510 8.7498 8.900815 0.0017051 0.001001 77.93 62.99 2333.1 2396.1 62.99 2465.9 2528.9 0.2245 8.5569 8.781420 0.002339 0.001002 57.79 83.95 2319.0 2402.9 83.96 2454.1 2538.1 0.2966 8.3706 8.667225 0.003169 0.001003 43.36 104.88 2304.9 2409.8 104.89 2442.3 2547.2 0.3674 8.1905 8.558030 0.004246 0.001004 32.89 125.78 2290.8 2416.6 125.79 2430.5 2556.3 0.4369 8.0164 8.453335 0.005628 0.001006 25.22 146.67 2276.7 2423.4 146.68 2418.6 2565.3 0.5053 7.8478 8.353140 0.007384 0.001008 19.52 167.56 2262.6 2430.1 167.57 2406.7 2574.3 0.5725 7.6845 8.257045 0.009593 0.001010 15.26 188.44 2248.4 2436.8 188.45 2394.8 2583.2 0.6387 7.5261 8.164850 0.012349 0.001012 12.03 209.32 2234.2 2443.5 209.33 2382.7 2592.1 0.7038 7.3725 8.076355 0.015758 0.001015 9.568 230.21 2219.9 2450.1 230.23 2370.7 2600.9 0.7679 7.2234 7.991360 0.019940 0.001017 7.671 251.11 2205.5 2456.6 251.13 2358.5 2609.6 0.8312 7.0784 7.909665 0.02503 0.001020 6.197 272.02 2191.1 2463.1 272.06 2346.2 2618.3 0.8935 6.9375 7.831070 0.03119 0.001023 5.042 292.95 2176.6 2469.6 292.98 2333.8 2626.8 0.9549 6.8004 7.755375 0.03858 0.001026 4.131 313.90 2162.0 2475.9 313.93 2321.4 2635.3 1.0155 6.6669 7.682480 0.04739 0.001029 3.407 334.86 2147.4 2482.2 334.91 2308.8 2643.7 1.0753 6.5369 7.612285 0.05783 0.001033 2.828 355.84 2132.6 2488.4 355.90 2296.0 2651.9 1.1343 6.4102 7.544590 0.07014 0.001036 2.361 376.85 2117.7 2494.5 376.92 2283.2 2660.1 1.1925 6.2866 7.479195 0.08455 0.001040 1.982 397.88 2102.7 2500.6 397.96 2270.2 2668.1 1.2500 6.1659 7.4159
100 0.10135 0.001044 1.6729 418.94 2087.6 2506.5 419.04 2257.0 2676.1 1.3069 6.0480 7.3549105 0.12082 0.001048 1.4194 440.02 2072.3 2512.4 440.15 2243.7 2683.8 1.3630 5.9328 7.2958110 0.14327 0.001052 1.2102 461.14 2057.0 2518.1 461.30 2230.2 2691.5 1.4185 5.8202 7.2387
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Temp Sat. press. Sat. liq-uid
Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
T,ΒΊC Psat, MPa vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg0.01 0.0006113 0.001000 206.14 0.0 2375.3 2375.3 0.01 2501.3 2501.4 0.000 9.1562 9.1562
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Sat. press.
120 0.19853 0.001060 0.8919 503.50 2025.8 2529.3 503.71 2202.6 2706.3 1.5276 5.6020 7.1296125 0.2321 0.001065 0.7706 524.74 2009.9 2534.6 524.99 2188.5 2713.5 1.5813 5.4962 7.0775130 0.2701 0.001070 0.6685 546.02 1993.9 2539.9 546.31 2174.2 2720.5 1.6344 5.3925 7.0269135 0.3130 0.001075 0.5822 567.35 1977.7 2545.0 567.69 2159.6 2727.3 1.6870 5.2907 6.9777140 0.3613 0.001080 0.5089 588.74 1961.3 2550.0 589.13 2144.7 2733.9 1.7391 5.1908 6.9299145 0.4154 0.001085 0.4463 610.18 1944.7 2554.9 610.63 2129.6 2740.3 1.7907 5.0926 6.8833150 0.4758 0.001091 0.3928 631.68 1927.9 2559.5 632.20 2114.3 2746.5 1.8418 4.9960 6.8379155 0.5431 0.001096 0.3468 653.24 1910.8 2564.1 653.84 2098.6 2752.4 1.8925 4.9010 6.7935160 0.6178 0.001102 0.3071 674.87 1893.5 2568.4 675.55 2082.6 2758.1 1.9427 4.8075 6.7502165 0.7005 0.001108 0.2727 696.56 1876.0 2572.5 697.34 2066.2 2763.5 1.9925 4.7153 6.7078170 0.7917 0.001114 0.2428 718.33 1858.1 2576.5 719.21 2049.5 2768.7 2.0419 4.6244 6.6663175 0.8920 0.001121 0.2168 740.17 1840.0 2580.2 741.17 2032.4 2773.6 2.0909 4.5347 6.6256180 1.0021 0.001127 0.19405 762.09 1821.6 2583.7 763.22 2015.0 2778.2 2.1396 4.4461 6.5857185 1.1227 0.001134 0.17409 784.10 1802.9 2587.0 785.37 1997.1 2782.4 2.1879 4.3586 6.5465190 1.2544 0.001141 0.15654 806.19 1783.8 2590.0 807.62 1978.8 2786.4 2.2359 4.2720 6.5079195 1.3978 0.001149 0.14105 828.37 1764.4 2592.8 829.98 1960.0 2790.0 2.2835 4.1863 6.4698200 1.5538 0.001157 0.12736 850.65 1744.7 2595.3 852.45 1940.7 2793.2 2.3309 4.1014 6.432205 1.7230 0.001164 0.11521 873.04 1724.5 2597.5 875.04 1921.0 2796.0 2.3780 4.0172 6.3952210 1.9062 0.001173 0.10441 895.53 1703.9 2599.5 897.76 1900.7 2798.5 2.4248 3.9337 6.3585215 2.104 0.001181 0.09479 918.14 1682.9 2601.1 920.62 1879.9 2800.5 2.4714 3.8507 6.3221220 2.318 0.001190 0.08619 940.87 1661.5 2602.4 943.62 1858.5 2802.1 2.5178 3.7683 6.2861225 2.548 0.001199 0.07849 963.73 1639.6 2603.3 966.78 1836.5 2803.3 2.5639 3.6863 6.2503230 2.795 0.001209 0.07158 986.74 1617.2 2603.9 990.12 1813.8 2804.0 2.6099 3.6047 6.2146
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Temp Sat. liq-uid
Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
T,ΒΊC Psat, MPa vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg
115 0.16906 0.001056 1.0366 482.30 2041.4 2523.7 482.48 2216.5 2699.0 1.4734 5.7100 7.1833
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
ufg ug sfg
240 3.344 0.001229 0.05976 1033.21 1570.8 2604.0 1037.32 1766.5 2803.8 2.7015 3.4422 6.1437245 3.648 0.001240 0.05471 1056.71 1546.7 2603.4 1061.23 1741.7 2803.0 2.7472 3.3612 6.1083250 3.973 0.001251 0.05013 1080.39 1522.0 2602.4 1085.36 1716.2 2801.5 2.7927 3.2802 6.0730
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Temp Sat. press. Sat. liq-uid
Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
T,ΒΊC Psat, MPa vf vg uf hf hfg hg sf sg
235 3.060 0.001219 0.06537 1009.89 1594.2 2604.1 1013.62 1790.5 2804.2 2.6558 3.5233 6.1791
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE4A: Saturated water β temperature table (continued)
ug
260 4.688 0.001276 0.04221 1128.39 1470.6 2599.0 1134.37 1662.5 2796.9 2.8838 3.1181 6.0019265 5.081 0.001289 0.03877 1152.74 1443.9 2596.6 1159.28 1634.4 2793.6 2.9294 3.0368 5.9662270 5.499 0.001302 0.03564 1177.36 1416.3 2593.7 1184.51 1605.2 2789.7 2.9751 2.9551 5.9301275 5.942 0.001317 0.03279 1202.25 1387.9 2590.2 1210.07 1574.9 2785.0 3.0208 2.8730 5.8938280 6.412 0.001332 0.03017 1227.46 1358.7 2586.1 1235.99 1543.6 2779.6 3.0668 2.7903 5.8571285 6.909 0.001348 0.02777 1253.00 1328.4 2581.4 1262.31 1511.0 2773.3 3.1130 2.7070 5.8199290 7.436 0.001366 0.02557 1278.92 1297.1 2576.0 1289.07 1477.1 2766.2 3.1594 2.6227 5.7821295 7.993 0.001384 0.02354 1305.2 1264.7 2569.9 1316.3 1441.8 2758.1 3.2062 2.5375 5.7437300 8.581 0.001404 0.02167 1332.0. 1231.0 2563.0 1344.0 1404.9 2749.0 3.2534 2.4511 5.7045305 9.202 0.001425 0.019948 1359.3 1195.9 2555.2 1372.4 1366.4 2738.7 3.3010 2.3633 5.6643310 9.856 0.001447 0.018350 1387.1 1159.4 2546.4 1401.3 1326.0 2727.3 3.3493 2.2737 5.6230315 10.547 0.001472 0.016867 1415.5 1121.1 2536.6 1431.0 1283.5 2714.5 3.3982 2.1821 5.5804320 11.274 0.001499 0.015488 1444.6 1080.9 2525.5 1461.5 1238.6 2700.1 3.4480 2.0882 5.5362330 12.845 0.001561 0.012996 1505.3 993.7 2498.9 1525.3 1140.6 2665.9 3.5507 1.8909 5.4417340 14.586 0.001638 0.010797 1570.3 894.3 2464.6 1594.2 1027.9 2622.0 3.6594 1.6763 5.3357350 16.513 0.001740 0.008813 1641.9 776.6 2418.4 1670.6 893.4 2563.9 3.7777 1.4335 5.2112360 18.651 0.001893 0.006945 1725.2 626.3 2351.5 1760.5 720.3 2481.0 3.9147 1.1379 5.0526370 21.03 0.002213 0.004925 1844.0 384.5 2228.5 1890.5 441.6 2332.1 4.1106 0.6865 4.7971
374.14 22.09 0.003155 0.003155 2029.6 0 2029.6 2099.3 0 2099.3 4.4298 0 4.4298
Tables Aβ4A to Aβ4 C adapted from G. J. Wylen, and R. Sonntag, Fundamentals of Classical Thermdynamics, 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons,1986; originally published in J. H. Keenan and F. G. Keyes, P. G. Hill and J. G. Moore, Steam Tables, John Wiley & Sons, 1978.
TΒΊC Psat, MPa vf vg uf ufg hf hfg hg sf sfg sg255 4.319 0.001263 0.04598 1104.28 1596.7 2600.9 1109.73 1689.8 2799.5 2.8383 3.1992 6.0375
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 4B: Properties of saturated water (liquidβvapor): pressure table
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Press. Sat.Temp.
Sat. liquid Sat. vapor Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat. liq-uid
Evap. Sat. va-por
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat. va-por
P, MPa T,ΒΊC vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg0.00061 0.01 0.001000 206.14 0.00 2375.3 2375.3 0.01 2501.3 2501.4 0.0000 9.1562 9.15620.0010 6.98 0.001000 129.21 29.30 2355.7 2385.0 29.30 2484.9 2514.2 0.1059 8.8697 8.97560.0015 13.03 0.001001 87.98 54.71 2338.6 2393.3 54.71 2470.6 2525.3 0,1957 8.6322 8.82790.0020 17.50 0.001001 67.00 73.48 2326.0 2399.5 73.48 2460.0 2533.5 0.2607 8.4629 8.72370.0025 21.08 0.001002 54.25 88.48 2315.9 2404.4 88.49 2451.6 2540.0 0.3120 8.3311 8.64320.0030 24.08 0.001003 45.67 101.04 2307.5 2408.5 101.05 2444.5 2545.5 0.3545 8.2231 8.57760.0040 28.96 0.001004 34.80 121.45 2293.7 2415.2 121.46 2432.9 2554.4 0.4226 8.0520 8.47460.0050 32.88 0.001005 28.19 137.81 2282.7 2420.5 137.82 2423.7 2561.5 0.4764 7.9187 8.39510.0075 40.29 0.001008 19.24 168.78 2261.7 2430.5 168.79 2406.0 2574.8 0.5764 7.6750 8.2515
0.010 45.84 0.001010 14.67 191.82 2246.1 2437.9 191.83 2392.8 2584.7 0.6493 7.5009 8.15020.015 53.97 0.001014 10.02 225.92 2222.8 2448.7 225.94 2373.1 2599.1 0.7549 7.2536 8.00850.020 60.06 0.001017 7.649 251.38 2205.4 2456.7 251.40 2358.3 2609.7 0.8320 7.0766 7.90850.025 64.97 0.001020 6.204 271.90 2191.2 2463.1 271.93 2346.3 2618.2 0.8931 6.9383 7.83140.030 69.10 0.001022 5.229 289.20 2179.2 2468.4 289.23 2336.1 2625.3 0.9439 6.8247 7.76860.040 75.87 0.001027 3.993 317.53 2159.5 2477.0 317.58 2319.2 2636.8 1.0259 6.6441 7.67000.050 81.33 0.001030 3.240 340.44 2143.4 2483.9 340.49 2305.4 2645.9 1.0910 6.5029 7.59390.075 91.78 0.001037 2.217 384.31 2112.4 2496.7 384.39 2278.6 2663.0 1.2130 6.2434 7,45640.100 99.63 0.001043 1.6940 417.36 2088.7 2506.1 417.46 2258.0 2675.5 1.3026 6.0568 7.35940.125 105.99 0.001048 1.3749 444.19 2069.3 2513.5 444.32 2241.0 2685.4 1.3740 5.9104 7.28440.150 111.37 0.001053 1.1593 466.94 2052.7 2519.7 467.11 2226.5 2693.6 1.4336 5.7897 7.22330.175 116.06 0.001057 1.0036 486.80 2038.1 2524.9 486.99 2213.6 2700.6 1.4849 5.6868 7.17170.200 120.23 0.001061 0.8857 504.49 2025.0 2529.5 504.70 2201.9 2706.7 1.5301 5.5970 7.12710.225 124.00 0.001064 0.7933 520.47 2013.1 2533.6 520.72 2191.3 2712.1 1.5706 5.5173 7.08780.250 127.44 0.001067 0.7187 535.10 2002.1 2537.2 535.37 2181.5 2716.9 1.6072 5.4455 7.05270.275 130.60 0.001070 0.6573 548.59 1991.9 2540.5 548.89 2172.4 2721.3 1.6408 5.3801 7.02090.300 133.55 0.001073 0.6058 561.15 1982.4 2543.6 561.47 2163.8 2725.3 1.6718 5.3201 6.99190.325 136.30 0.001076 0.5620 572.90 1973.5 2546.4 573.25 2155.8 2729.0 1.7006 5.2646 6.9652
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Press. Sat.Temp.
Sat. liquid Sat. vapor Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat. liq-uid
Evap. Sat. va-por
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat. va-por
P, MPa T,ΒΊC vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg0.350 138.88 0.001079 0.5243 583.95 1965.0 2548.9 584.33 2148.1 2732.4 1.7275 5.2130 6.94050.375 141.32 0.001081 0.4914 594.40 1956.9 2551.3 594.81 2140.8 2735.6 1.7528 5.1647 6.91750.40 143.63 0.001084 0.4625 604.31 1949.3 2553.6 604.74 2133.8 2738.6 1.7766 5.1193 6.89590.45 147.93 0.001088 0.4140 622.77 1934.9 2557.6 623.25 2120.7 2743.9 1.8207 5.0359 6.85650.50 151.86 0.001093 0.3749 639.68 1921.6 2561.2 640.23 2108.5 2748.7 1.8607 4.9606 6.82130.55 155.48 0.001097 0.3427 655.32 1909.2 2564.5 665.93 2097.0 2753.0 1.8973 4.8920 6.78930.60 158.85 0.001101 0.3157 669.90 1897.5 2567.4 670.56 2086.3 2756.8 1.9312 4.8288 6.76000.65 162.01 0.001104 0.2927 683.56 1886.5 2570.1 684.28 2076.0 2760.3 1.9627 4.7703 6.73310.70 164.97 0.001108 0.2729 696.44 1876.1 2572.5 697.22 2066.3 2763.5 1.9922 4.7158 6.70800.75 167.78 0.001112 0.2556 708.64 1866.1 2574.7 709.47 2057.0 2766.4 2.0200 4.6647 6.68470.80 170.43 0.001115 0.2404 720.22 1856.6 2576.8 721.11 2048.0 2769.1 2.0462 4.6166 6.66280.85 172.96 0.001118 0.2270 731.27 1847.4 2578.7 732.22 2039.4 2771.6 2.0710 4.5711 6.64210.90 175.38 0.001121 0.2150 741.83 1838.6 2580.5 742.83 2031.1 2773.9 2.0946 4.5280 6.62260.95 177.69 0.001124 0.2402 751.95 1830.2 2582.1 753.02 2023.1 2776.1 2.1172 4.4869 6.60411.00 179.91 0.001127 0.19444 761.68 1822.0 2583.6 762.81 2015.3 2778.1 2.1387 4.4478 6.58651.10 184.09 0.001133 0.17753 780.09 1806.3 2586.4 781.34 2000.4 2871.7 2.1792 4.3744 6.55361.20 187.99 0.001139 0.16333 797.29 1791.5 2588.8 798.65 1986.2 2784.8 2.2166 4.3067 6.52331.30 191.64 0.001144 0.15125 813.44 1777.5 2591.0 814.93 1972.7 2787.6 2.2515 4.2438 6.4953
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 4C: Properties of superheated water vapor
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
P = 0.01 MPa (45.81ΒΊC) P = 0.05 MPa (81.33ΒΊC) P = 0. 10 MPa (99.63ΒΊC)Sat. 14.674 2437.9 2584.7 8.1502 3.240 2483.9 2645.9 7.5939 1.6940 2506.1 2675.5 7.3594
50 14.869 2443.9 2592.6 8.1749100 17.196 2515.5 2687.5 8.4479 3.418 2511.6 2682.5 7.6947 1.6958 2506.7 2676.2 7.3614150 19.512 2587.9 2783.0 8.6882 3.889 2585.6 2780.1 7.9401 1.9364 2582.8 2776.4 7.6134200 21.825 2661.3 2879.5 8.9038 4.356 2659.9 2877.7 8.1580 2.172 2658.1 2875.3 7.8343250 24.136 2736.0 2977.3 9.1002 4.820 2735.0 2976.0 8.3556 2.406 2 3. 7 2974.3 8.0333300 26.445 2812.1 3076.5 9,2813 5.284 2811.3 3075.5 8.5373 2.639 2810.4 3074.3 8.2158400 31.063 2968.9 3279.6 9.6077 6.209 2968.5 3278.9 8.8642 3.103 2967.9 3278.2 8.5435500 35.679 3132.3 3489.1 9.8978 7.134 3132.0 3488.7 9.1546 3.565 3131.6 3488.1 8.8342600 40.295 3302.5 3705.4 10.1608 8.057 3302.2 3705.1 9.4178 4.028 3301.9 3704.4 9.0976700 44.911 3479.6 3928.7 10.4028 8.981 3479.4 3928.5 9.6599 4.490 3479.2 3928.2 9.3398800 49.526 3663.8 4159.0 10.6281 9.904 3663.6 4158.9 9.8852 4.952 3663.5 4158.6 9.5652900 54.141 3855.0 4396.4 10.8396 10.828 3854.9 4396.3 10.0967 5.414 3854.8 4396.1 9.7767
1000 58.757 4053.0 4640.6 11.0393 11.751 4052.9 4640.5 10.2964 5.875 4052.8 4640.3 9.97641100 63.372 4257.5 4891.2 11.2287 12.674 4257.4 4891.1 10.4859 6.337 4257.3 4891.0 10.16591200 67.987 4467.9 5147.8 11.4091 13.597 4467.8 5147.7 10.6662 6.799 4467.7 5147.6 10.34631300 72.602 4683.7 5409.7 11.5811 14.521 4683.6 5409.6 10.8382 7.260 4683.5 5409.5 10.5183
P =0.20 MPa (120.23ΒΊC) P = 0.30 MPa (133.55ΒΊC) P = 0.40 MPa (143.63ΒΊC)Sat. 0.8857 2529.5 2706.7 7.1272 0.6058 2543.6 2725.3 6.9919 0.4625 2553.6 2738.6 6.8959150 0.9596 2576.9 2768.8 7.2795 0.6339 2570.8 2761.0 7.0778 0.4708 2564.5 2752.8 6.9299200 1.0803 2654.4 2870.5 7.5066 0.7163 2650.7 2865.6 7.3115 0.5342 2646.8 2860.5 7.1706250 1.1988 2731.2 2971.0 7.7086 0.7964 2728.7 2967.6 7.5166 0.5951 2726.1 2964.2 7.3789300 1.3162 2808.6 3071.8 7.8926 0.8753 2806.7 3069.3 7.7022 0.6548 2804.8 3066.8 7.5662400 1.5493 2966.7 3276.6 8.2218 1.0315 2965.6 3275.0 8.0330 0.7726 2964.4 3273.4 7.8985500 1.7814 3130.8 3487.1 8.5133 1.1867 3130.0 3486.0 8.3251 0.8893 3129.2 3484.9 8.1913600 2.013 3301.4 3704.0 8.7770 1.3414 3300.8 3703.2 8.5892 1.0055 3300.2 3702.4 8.4558700 2.244 3478.8 3927.6 9.0194 1.4957 3478.4 3927.1 8.8319 1.1215 3477.9 3926.5 8.6987800 2.475 3663.1 4158.2 9.2449 1.6499 3662.9 4157.8 9.0576 1.2372 3662.4 4157.3 8.9244
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
900 2.705 3854.5 4395.8 9.4566 1.8041 3854.2 4395.4 9.2692 1.3529 3853.9 4395.1 9.13621000 2.937 4052.5 4640.0 9.6563 1.9581 4052.3 4639.7 9.4690 1.4685 4052.0 4639.4 9.33601100 3.168 4257.0 4890.7 9.8458 2.1121 4256.8 4890.4 9.6585 1.5840 4256.5 4890.2 9.52561200 3.399 4467.5 5147.5 10.0262 2.2661 4467.2 5147.1 9.8389 1.6996 4467.0 5146.8 9.70601300 3.630 4683.2 5409.3 10.1982 2.4201 4683.0 5409.0 10.0110 1.8151 4682.8 5408.8 9.8780
P =0.50 MPa (151.86ΒΊC) P =0.60 MPa (158.85ΒΊC) P = 0.80 MPa (170.43ΒΊC)Sat. 0.3749 2561.2 2748.7 6.8213 0.3157 2567.4 2756.8 6,7600 0.2404 2576.8 2769.1 6.6628200 0.4249 2642.9 2855.4 7.0592 0.3520 2638.9 2850.1 6.9665 0.2608 2630.6 2839.3 6.8158250 0.4744 2723.5 2960.7 7.2709 0:3938 2720.9 2957.2 7.1816 0.2931 2715.5 2950.0 7.0384300 0.5226 2802.9 3064.2 7.4599 0.4344 2801.0 3061.6 7.3724 0.3241 2797.2 3056.5 7.2328350 0.5701 2882.6 3167.7 7.6329 0.4742 2881.2 3165.7 7.5464 0.3544 2878.2 3161.7 7.4089400 0.6173 2963.2 3271.9 7.7938 0.5137 2962.1 3270.3 7.7079 0.3843 2959.7 3267.1 7.5716500 0.7109 3128.4 3483.9 8.0873 0.5920 3127.6 3482.8 8.0021 0.4433 3126.0 3480.6 7.8673600 0.8041 3299.6 3701.7 7.3522 0.6697 3299.1 3700.9 8.2674 0.5018 3297.9 3699.4 8.1333700 0.8969 3477.5 3925.9 8.5952 0.7472 3477.0 3925.3 8.5107 0.5601 3476.2 3924.2 8.3770800 0.9896 3662.1 4156.9 8.8211 0.8245 3661.8 4156.5 8.7367 0.6181 3661.1 4155.6 8.6033900 1.0822 3853.6 4394.7 9.0329 0.9017 3853.4 4394.4 8.9486 0.6761 3852.8 4393.7 8.8153
1000 1.1747 4051.8 4639.1 9.2328 0.9788 4051.5 4638.8 9.1485 0.7340 4051.0 4638.2 9.01531100 1.2672 4256.3 4889.9 9.4224 1.0559 4256.1 4889.6 9.3381 0.7919 4255.6 4889.1 9.20501200 1.3596 4466.8 5146.6 9.6029 1.1330 4466.5 5146.3 9.5185 0.8497 4466.1 5145.9 9.38551300 1.4521 4682.5 5408.6 9.7749 1.2101 4682.3 5408.3 9.6906 0.9076 4681.8 5407.9 9.5575
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 4C: Properties of superheated water vapor (continued)
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
P = 1 MPa (179.91ΒΊC) P = 1.2 MPa (187.99ΒΊC) P = 1.4 MPa (195.07ΒΊC)Sat. 0.19444 2583.6 2778.1 6.5865 0.16333 2588.8 2784.8 6.5233 0.14084 2592.8 2790.0 6.4693200 0.2060 2621.9 2827.9 6.6940 0.16930 2612.8 2815.9 6.5898 0.14302 2603.1 2803.3 6.4975250 0.2327 2709.9 2942.6 6.9247 0.19234 2704.2 2935.0 6.8294 0.16350 2698.3 2927.2 6.7467300 0.2579 2793.2 3051.2 7.1229 0.2138 2789.2 3045.8 7.0317 0.18228 2785.2 3040.4 6.9534350 0.2825 2875.2 3157.7 7.3011 0.2345 2872.2 3153.6 7.2121 0.2003 2869.2 3149.5 7.1360400 0.3066 2957.3 3263.9 7.4651 0.2548 2954.9 3260.7 7.3774 0.2178 2952.5 3257.5 7.3026500 0.3541 3124.4 3478.5 7.7622 0.2946 3122.8 3476.3 7.6759 0.2521 3121.1 3474.1 7.6027600 0.4011 3296.8 3697.9 8.0290 0.3339 3295.6 3696.3 7.9435 0.2860 3294.4 3694.8 7.8710700 0.4478 3475.3 3923.1 8.2731 0.3729 3474.4 3922.0 8.1881 0.3195 3473.6 3920.8 8.1160800 0.4943 3660.4 4154.7 8.4996 0.4118 3659.7 4153.8 8.4148 0.3528 3659.0 4153.0 8.3431900 0,5407 3852.2 4392.9 8.7118 0.4505 3851.6 4392.2 8.6272 0.3861 3851.1 4391.5 8.5556
1000 0.5871 4050.5 4637.6 8.9119 0.4892 4050.0 4637.0 8.8274 0.4192 4049.5 4636.4 8.75591100 0.6335 4255.1 4888.6 9.1017 0.5278 4254.6 4888.0 9.0172 0.4524 4254.1 4887.5 8.94571200 0.6798 4465.6 5145.4 9.2822 0.5665 4465.1 5144.9 9.1977 0,4855 4464.7 5144.4 9.12621300 0.7261 4681.3 5407.4 9.4543 0.6051 4680.9 5407.0 9.3698 0.5186 4680.4 5406.5 9.2984
P = 1.6 MPa (201.41ΒΊC) P = 1.8 MPa (207.15ΒΊC) P = 2.0 MPa (212.42ΒΊC)Sat. 0.12380 2596.0 2794.0 6.4218 0.11042 2598.4 2797.1 6.3794 0.09963 2600.3 2799.5 6.3409225 0.13287 2644.7 2857.3 6.5518 0.11673 2636.6 2846.7 6.4808 0.10377 2628.3 2835.8 6.4147250 0.14184 2692.3 2919.2 6.6732 0.12497 2686.0 2911.0 6.6066 0.11144 2679.6 2902.5 6.5453300 0.15862 2781.1 3034.8 6.8844 0.14021 2776.9 3029.2 6.8226 0.12547 2772.6 3023.5 6.7664350 0.17456 2866.1 3145.4 7.0694 0.15457 2863.0 3141.2 7.0100 0.13857 2859.8 3137.0 6.9563400 0.19005 2950.1 3254.2 7.2374 0.16847 2947.7 3250.9 7.1794 0.15120 2945.2 3247.6 7.1271500 0.2203 3119.5 3472.0 7.5390 0.19550 3117.9 3469.8 7.4825 0.17568 3116.2 3467.6 7.4317600 0.2500 3293.3 3693.2 7.8080 0.2220 3292.1 3691.7 7.7523 0.19960 3290.9 3690.1 7.7024700 0.2794 3472.7 3919.7 8.0535 0.2482 3471.8 3918.5 7.9983 0.2232 3470.9 3917.4 7.9487800 0.3086 3658.3 4152.1 8.2808 0.2742 3657.6 4151.2 8.2258 0.2467 3657.0 4150.3 8.1765900 0.3377 3850.5 4390.8 8.4935 0.3001 3849.9 4390.1 8.4386 0.2700 3849.3 4389.4 8.3895
1000 0.3668 4049.0 4635.8 8.6938 0.3260 4048.5 4635.2 8.6391 0.2933 4048.0 4634.6 8.5901
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)1100 0.3958 4253.7 4887.0 8.8837 0.3518 4253.2 4886.4 8.8290 0.3166 4252.7 4885.9 8.78001200 0.4248 4464.2 5143.9 9.0643 0.3776 4463.7 5143.4 9.0096 0.3398 4463.3 5142.9 8.96071300 0.4538 4679.9 5406.0 9.2364 0.4034 4679.5 5405.6 9.1818 0.3631 4679.0 5405.1 9.1329
P = 2.5 MPa (223.99ΒΊC) P = 3.0 MPa (233.90ΒΊC) P = 3.5 MPa (242.60ΒΊC)Sat. 0.07998 2603.1 2803.1 6.2575 0.06668 2604.1 2804.2 6.1869 0.05707 2603.7 2803.4 6.1253225 0.08027 2605.6 2806.3 6.2639250 0.08700 2662.6 2880.1 6.4085 0.07058 2644.0 2855.8 6.2872 0.05872 2623.7 2829.2 6.1749300 0.09890 2761.6 3008.8 6.6438 0.08114 2750.1 2993.5 6.5390 0.06842 2738.0 2977.5 6.4461350 0.10976 2851.9 3126.3 6.8403 0.09053 2843.7 3115.3 6.7428 0.07678 2835.3 3104.0 6.6579400 0.12010 2939.1 3239.3 7.0148 0.09936 2932.8 3230.9 6.9212 0.08453 2926A 3222.3 6.8405450 0.13014 3025.5 3350.8 7.1746 0.10787 3020.4 3344.0 7.0834 0.09196 3015.3 3337.2 7.0052500 0.13993 3112.1 3462.1 7.3234 0.11619 3108.0 3456.5 7.2338 0.09918 3103.0 3450.9 7.1572600 0.15930 3288.0 3686.3 7.5960 0.13243 3285.0 3682.3 7.5085 0.11324 3282.1 3678.4 7.4339700 0.17832 3468.7 3914.5 7.8435 0.14838 3466.5 3911.7 7.7571 0.12699 3464.3 3908.8 7.6837800 0.19716 3655.3 4148.2 8.0720 0.16414 3653.5 4145.9 7.9862 0.14056 3651.8 4143.7 7.9134900 0.21590 3847.9 4387.6 8.2853 0.17980 3846.5 4385.9 8.1999 0.15402 3845.0 4384.1 8.1276
1000 0.2346 4046.7 4633.1 8.4861 0.19541 4045.4 4631.6 8.4009 0.16743 4044.1 4630.1 8.32881100 0.2532 4251.5 4884.6 8.6762 0.21098 4250.3 4883.3 8.5912 0.18080 4249.2 4881.9 8.51921200 0.2718 4462.1 5141.7 8.8569 0.22652 4460.9 5140.5 8.7720 0.19415 4459.8 5139.3 8.70001300 0.2905 4677.8 5404.0 9.0291 0.24206 4676.6 5402.8 8.9442 0.20749 4675.5 5401.7 8.8723
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 4C: Properties of superheated water vapor (continued)
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
P = 4 MPa (250.40ΒΊC) P = 4.5 MPa (257.49ΒΊC) P = 5.0 MPa (263.99ΒΊC)Sat. 0.04978 2602.3 2801.4 6.0701 0.04406 2600.1 2798.3 6.0198 0.03944 2597.1 2794.3 5.9734275 0.05457 2667.9 2886.2 6.2285 0.04730 2650.3 2863.2 6.1401 0.04141 2631.3 2838.3 6.0544300 0.05884 2725.3 2960.7 6.3615 0.05135 2712.0 2643.1 6.2828 0.04532 2698.0 2924.5 6.2084350 0.06645 2826.7 3092.5 6.5821 0.05840 2817.8 3080.6 6.5131 0.05194 2808.7 3068.4 6.4493400 0.07341 2919.9 3213.6 6.7690 0.06475 2913.3 3204.7 6.7047 0.05781 2906.6 3195.7 6.6459450 0.08002 3010.2 3330.3 6.9363 0.07074 3005.0 3323.3 6.8746 0.06330 2999.7 3316.2 6.8186500 0.08643 3099.5 3445.3 7.0901 0.07651 3095.3 3439.6 7.0301 0.06857 3091.0 3433.8 6.9759600 0,09885 3279.1 3674.4 7.3688 0.08765 3276.0 3670.5 7.3110 0.07869 3273.0 3666.5 7.2589700 0.11095 3462.1 3905.9 7.6198 0.09847 3459.9 3903.0 7.5631 0.08849 3457.6 3900.1 7.5122800 0.12287 3650.0 4141.5 7.8502 0.10911 3648.3 4139.3 7.7942 0.09811 3646.6 4137.1 7.7440900 0.13469 3843.6 4382.3 8.0647 0.11965 3842.2 4380.6 8.0091 0.10762 3840.7 4378.8 7.9593
1000 0.14645 4042.9 4628.7 8.2662 0.13013 4041.6 4627.2 8.2108 0.11707 4040.4 4625.7 8.16121100 0.15817 4248.0 4880.6 8.4567 0.14056 4246.8 4879.3 8.4015 0.12648 4245.6 4878.0 8.35201200 0.16987 4458.6 5138.1 8.6376 0.15098 4457.5 5136.9 8.5825 0.13587 4456.3 5135.7 8.53311300 0.18156 4674.3 5400.5 8.8100 0.16139 4673.1 5399.4 8.7549 0.14526 4672.0 5398.2 8.7055
P = 6 MPa (275.64ΒΊC) P = 7 MPa (285.88ΒΊC) P = 8 MPa (295.06ΒΊC)Sat. 0.03244 2589.7 2784.3 5.8892 0.02737 2580.5 2772.1 5.8133 0.02352 2569.8 2758.0 5.7432300 0.03616 2667.2 2884.2 6.0674 0.02947 2632.2 2838.4 5.9305 0.02426 2590.9 2785.0 5.7906350 0.04223 2789.6 3043.0 6.3335 0.03524 2769.4 3016.0 6.2283 0.02995 2747.7 2987.3 6.1301400 0.04739 2892.9 3177.2 6.5408 0.03993 2878.6 3158.1 6.4478 0.03432 2863.8 3138.3 6.3634450 0.05214 2988.9 3301.8 6.7193 0.04416 2978.0 3287.1 6.6327 0.03817 2966.7 3272.0 6.5551500 0.05665 3082.2 3422.2 6.8803 0.04814 3073.4 3410.3 6.7975 0.04175 3064.3 3398.3 6.7240550 0.06101 3174.6 3540.6 7.0288 0.05195 3167.2 3530.9 6.9486 0.04516 3159.8 3521.0 6.8778600 0.06525 3266.9 3658.4 7.1677 0.05565 3260.7 3650.3 7.0894 0.04845 3254.4 3642.0 7.0206700 0.07352 3453.1 3894.2 7.4234 0.06283 3448.5 3888.3 7.3476 0.05481 3443.9 3882.4 7.2812800 0.08160 3643.1 4132.7 7.6566 0.06981 3639.5 4128.2 7.5822 0.06097 3636.0 4123.8 7.5173900 0.08958 3837.8 4375.3 7.8727 0.07669 3835.0 4371.8 7.7991 0.06702 3832.1 4368.3 7.7351
1000 0.09749 4037.8 4622.7 8.0751 0.08350 4035.3 4619.8 8.0020 0.07301 4032.8 4616.9 7.9384
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)1100 0.10536 4243.3 4875.4 8.2661 0.09027 4240.9 4872.8 8.1933 0.07896 4238.6 4870.3 8.13001200 0.11321 4454.0 5133.3 8.4474 0.09703 4451.7 5130.9 8.3747 0.08489 4449.5 5128.5 8.31151300 0.12106 4669.6 5396.0 8.6199 0.10377 4667.3 5393.7 8.5475 0.90980 4665.0 5391.5 8.4842
P = 9 MPa (303.40ΒΊC) P = 10.0 MPa (311.06ΒΊC) P = 12.5 MPa (327.89ΒΊC)Sat. 0.02048 2557.8 2742.1 5.6772 0.018026 2544.4 2724.7 5.6141 0.013495 2505.1 2673.8 5.4624325 0.02327 2646.6 2856.0 5.8712 0.019861 2610.4 2809.1 5.7568350 0.02580 2724.4 2956.6 6.0361 0.02242 2699.2 2923.4 5.9443 0.016126 2624.6 2826.2 5.7118400 0.02993 2848.4 3117.8 6.2854 0.02641 2832.4 3096.5 6.2120 0.02000 2789.3 3039.3 6.0417450 0.03350 2955.2 3256.6 6.4844 0.02975 2943.4 3240.9 6.4190 0.02299 2912.5 3199.8 6.2719500 0.03677 3055.2 3386.1 6.6576 0.03279 3045.8 3373.7 6.5966 0.02560 3021.7 3341.8 6.4618550 0.03987 3152.2 3511.0 6.8142 0.03564 3144.6 3500.9 6.7561 0.02801 3125.0 3475.2 6.6290600 0.04285 3248.1 3633.7 6.9589 0.03837 3241.7 3625.3 6.9029 0.03029 3225.4 ~604.0' 6.7810650 0.04574 3343.6 3755.3 7.0943 0.04101 3338.2 3748.2 7.0398 0.03248 3324.4 3730.4 6.9218700 0.04857 3439.3 3876.5 7.2221 0.04358 3434.7 3870.5 7.1687 0.03460 3422.9 3855.3 7.0536800 0.05409 3632.5 4119.3 7.4596 0.04859 3628.9 4114.8 7.4077 0.03869 3620.0 4103.6 7.2965900 0.05950 3829.2 4364.8 7.6783 0.05349 3826.3 4361.2 7.6272 0.04267 3819.1 4352.5 7.5182
1000 0.06485 4030.3 4614.0 7.8821 0.05832 4027.8 4611.0 7.8315 0.04658 4021.6 4603.8 7.72371100 0.07016 4236.3 4867.7 8.0740 0.06312 4234.0 4865.1 8.0237 0.05045 4228.2 4858.8 7.91651200 0.07544 4447.2 5126.2 8.2556 0.06789 4444.9 5123.8 8.2055 0.05430 4439.3 5118.0 8.09371300 0.08072 4662.7 5389.2 8.4284 0.07265 4460.5 5387.0 8.3783 0.05813 4654.8 5381.4 8.2717
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 4C: Properties of superheated water vapor (continued)
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
P = 15 MPa (342.24ΒΊC) P = 17.5 MPa (354.75ΒΊC) P = 20.0 MPa (365.81ΒΊC)Sat. 0.010337 2455.5 2610.5 5.3098 0.007920 2390.2 2528.8 5.1419 0.005834 2293.0 2409.7 4.9269350 0.011470 2520.4 2692.4 5.4421400 0.015649 2740.7 2975.5 5.8811 0.012447 2685.0 2902.9 5.7213 0.009942 2619.3 2818.1 5.5540450 0.018445 2879.5 3156.2 6.1404 0.015174 2844.2 3109.7 6.0184 0.012695 2806.2 3060.1 5.9017500 0.02080 2996.6 3308.fi 6.3443 0.017358 2970.3 3274.1 6.2383 0.014768 2942.9 3238.2 6.1401550 0.02293 3104.7 3448.6 6.5199 0.019288 3083.9 3421.4 6.4230 0.016555 3062.4 3393.5 6.3348600 0.02491 3208.6 3582.3 6.6776 0.02106 3191.5 3560.1 6.5866 0.018178 3174.0 3537.6 6.5048650 0.02680 3310.3 3712.3 6.8224 0.02274 3296.0 3693.9 6.7357 0.019693 3281.4 3675.3 6.6582700 0.02861 3410.9 3840.1 6.9572 0.02434 3398.7 3824.6 6.8736 0.02113 3386.4 3809.0 6.7993800 0.03210 3610.9 4092.4 7.2040 0.02738 3601.8 4081.1 7.1244 0.02385 3592.7 4069.7 7.0544900 0.03546 3811.9 4343.8 7.4279 0.03031 3804.7 4335.1 7.3507 0.02645 3797.5 4326.4 7.2830
1000 0.03875 4015.4 4596.6 7.6348 0.03316 4009.3 4589.5 7.5589 0.02897 4003.1 4582.5 7.49251100 0.04200 4222.6 4852.6 7.8283 0.03597 4216.9 4846.4 7.7531 0.03145 4211.3 4840.2 7.68741200 0.04523 4433.8 5112.3 8.0108 0.03876 4428.3 5106.6 7.9360 0.03391 4422.8 5101.0 7.87071300 0.04845 4649.1 5376.0 8.1840 0.04154 4643.5 5370.5 8.1093 0.03636 4638.0 5365.1 8.0442
P = 25 MPa P = 30 MPa P = 35 MPa375 0.0019731 1798.7 1848.0 4.0320 0.0017892 1737.8 1791.5 3.9305 0.0017003 1702.9 1762.4 3.8722400 0.006004 2430.1 2580.2 5.1418 0.002790 2067.4 2151.1 4.4728 0.002100 1914.1 1987.6 4.2126425 0.007881 2609.2 2806.3 5.4723 0.005303 2455.1 2614.2 5.1504 0.003428 2253.4 2373.4 4.7747450 0.009162 2720.7 2949.7 5.6744 0.006735 2619.3 2821.4 5.4424 0.004961 2498.7 2672.4 5.1962500 0.011123 2884.3 3162.4 5.9592 0.008678 2820.7 3081.1 5.7905 0.006927 2751.9 2994.4 5.6282550 0.012724 3017.5 3335.6 6.1765 0.010168 2970.3 3275.4 6.0342 0.008345 2921.0 3213.0 5.9026600 0.014137 3137.9 3491.4 6.3602 0.011446 3100.5 3443.9 6.2331 0.009527 3062.0 3395.5 6.1179650 0.015433 3251.6 3637.4 6.5229 0.012596 3221.0 3598.9 6.4058 0.010575 3189.8 3559.9 6.3010700 0.016646 3361.3 3777.5 6.6707 0.013661 3335.8 3745.6 6.5606 0.011533 3309.8 3713.5 6.4631800 0.018912 3574.3 4047.1 6.9345 0.015623 3555.5 4024.2 6.8332 0.013278 3536.7 4001.5 6.7450900 0.021045 3783.0 4309.1 7.1680 0,017448 3768.5 4291.9 7.0718 0.014883 3754.0 4274.9 6.9386
1000 0.02310 3990.9 4568.5 7.3802 0.019196 3978.8 4554.7 7.2867 0.016410 3966.7 4541.1 7.2064
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
1100 0.02512 4200.2 4828.2 7.5765 0.020903 4189.2 4816.3 7.4845 0.017895 4178.3 4804.6 7.40371200 0.02711 4412.0 5089.9 7.7605 0.022589 4401.3 5079.0 7.6692 0.019360 4390.7 5068.3 7.59101300 0.02910 4626.9 5354.4 7.9342 0.024266 4616.0 5344.0 7.8432 0.020815 4605.1 5333.6 7.7653
P = 40 MPa P = 50 MPa P = 60 MPa375 0.0016407 1677.1 1742.8 3.8290 0.0015594 1638.6 1716.6 3.7639 0.0015028 1609.4 1699.5 3.7141400 0.0019077 1854.6 1930.9 4.1135 0.0017309 1788.1 1874.6 4.0031 0.0016335 1745.4 1843.4 3.9318425 0.002532 2096.9 2198.1 4.5029 0.002007 1959.7 2060.0 4.2734 0.0018165 1892.7 2001.7 4.1626450 0.003693 2365.1 2512.8 4.9459 0.002486 2159.6 2284.0 4.5884 0.002085 2053.9 2179.0 4.4121500 0.005622 2678.4 2903.3 5.4700 0.003892 2525.5 2720.1 5.1726 0.002956 2390.6 2567.9 4.9321550 0.006984 2869.7 3149.1 5.7785 0.005118 2763.6 3019.5 5.5485 0.003956 2658.8 2896.2 5.3441600 0.008094 3022.6 3346.4 6.0144 0.006112 2942.0 3247.6 5.8178 0.004834 2861.1 3151.2 5.6452650 0.009063 3158.0, 3520.6 6.2054 0.006966 3093.5 3441.8 6.0342 0.005595 3028.8 3364.5 5.8829700 0.009941 3283.6 3681.2 6.3750 0.007727 3230.5 3616.8 6.2189 0.006272 3177.2 3553.5 6.0824800 0.011523 3517.8 3978.7 6.6662 0.009076 3479.8 3933.6 6.5290 0.007459 3441.5 3889.1 6.4109900 0.012962 3739.4 4257.9 6.9150 0.010283 3710.3 4224.4 6.7882 0.008508 3681.0 4191.5 6.6805
1000 0.014324 3954.6 4527.6 7.1356 0.011411 3930.5 4501.1 7.0146 0.009480 3906.4 4475.2 6.91271100 0.015642 4167.4 4793.1 7.3364 0.012496 4145.7 4770.5 7.2184 0.010409 4124.1 4748.6 7.11951200 0.016940 4380.1 5057.7 7.5224 0.013561 4359.1 5037.2 7.4058 0.011317 4338.2 5017.2 7.30831300 0.018229 4594.3 5323.5 7.6969 0.014616 4572.8 5303.6 7.5808 0.012215 4551.4 5284.3 7.4837
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 5A: Properties of saturated refrigerant 134a (liquidβvapor): temperature table
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Temp. Sat.press.
Sat. liquid Sat. va-por
Sat. liquid Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat. liq-uid
Sat.vapor
T,ΒΊC Psat,, MPa vf vg uf ug hf hfg hg sf sgβ40 0.05164 0.0007055 0.3569 β0.04 204.45 0.00 222.88 222.88 0.0000 0.9560β 36 0.06332 0.0007113 0.2947 4.68 206.73 4.73 220.67 225.40 0.0201 0.9506β32 0.07704 0.0007172 0.2451 9.47 209.01 9.52 218.37 227.90 0.0401 0.9456β28 0.09305 0.0007233 0.2052 14.31 211.29 14.37 216.01 230.38 0.0600 0.9411β26 0.10199 0.0007265 0.1882 16.75 212.43 16.82 214.80 231.62 0.0699 0.9390β24 0.11160 0.0007296 0.1728 19.21 213.57 19.29 213.57 232.85 0.0798 0.9370β22 0.12192 0.0007328 0.1590 21.68 214.70 21.77 212.32 234.08 0.0897 0.9351β20 0.13299 0.0007361 0.1464 24.17 215.84 24.26 211.05 235.31 0.0996 0.9332β 18 0.14483 0.0007395 0.1350 26.67 216.97 26.77 209.76 236.53 0.1094 0.9315β16 0.15748 0.0007428 0.1247 29.18 218.10 29.30 208.45 237.74 0.1192 0.9298β12 0.18540 0.0007498 0.1068 34.25 220.36 34.39 205.77 240.15 0.1388 0.9267
β8 0.21704 0.0007569 0.0919 39.38 222.60 39.54 203.00 242.54 0.1583 0.9239β4 0.25274 0.0007644 0.0794 44.56 224.84 44.75 200.15 244.90 0.1777 0.92130 0.29282 0.0007721 0.0689 49.79 227.06 50.02 197.21 247.23 0.1970 0.91904 0.33765 0.0007801 0.0600 55.08 229.27 55.35 194.19 249.53 0.2162 0.91698 0.38756 0.0007884 0.0525 60.43 231.46 60.73 191.07 251.80 0.2354 0.9150
12 0.44294 0.0007971 0.0460 65.83 233.63 66.18 187.85 254.03 0.2545 0.913216 0.50416 0.0008062 0.0405 71.29 235.78 71.69 184.52 256.22 0.2735 0.911620 0.57160 0.0008157 0.0358 76.80 237.91 77.26 181.09 258.35 0.2924 0.910224 0.64566 0.0008257 0.0317 82.37 240.01 82.90 177.55 260.45 0.3113 0.908926 0.68530 0.0008309 0.0298 85.18 241.05 85.75 175.73 261.48 0.3208 0.908228 0.72675 0.0008362 0.0281 88.00 242.08 88.61 173.89 262.50 0.3302 0.907630 0.77006 0.0008417 0.0265 90.84 243.10 91.49 172.00 263.50 0.3396 0.907032 0.81528 0.0008473 0.0250 93.70 244.12 94.39 170.09 264.48 0.3490 0.906434 0.86247 0.0008530 0.0236 96.58 245.12 97.31 168.14 265.45 0.3584 0.905836 0.91168 0.0008590 0.0223 99.47 246.11 100.25 166.15 266.40 0.3678 0.905338 0.96298 0.0008651 0.0210 102.38 247.09 103.21 164.12 267.33 0.3772 0.9047
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Temp. Sat.press.
Sat. liquid Sat. va-por
Sat. liquid Sat.vapor
Sat.liquid
Evap. Sat.vapor
Sat. liq-uid
Sat.vapor
T,ΒΊC Psat,, MPa vf vg uf ug hf hfg hg sf sg40 1.0164 0.0008714 0.0199 105.30 248.06 106.19 162.05 268.24 0.3866 0.904142 1.0720 0.0008780 0.0188 108.25 249.02 109.19 159.94 269.14 0.3960 0.903544 1.1299 0.0008847 0.0177 111.22 249.96 112.22 157.79 270.01 0.4054 0.903048 1.2526 0.0008989 0.0159 117.22 251.79 118.35 153.33 271.68 0.4243 0.901752 1.3851 0.0009142 0.0142 123.31 253.55 124.58 148.66 273.24 0.4432 0.900456 1.5278 0.0009308 0.0127 129.51 255.23 130.93 143.75 274.68 0.4622 0.899060 1.6813 0.0009488 0.0114 135.82 256.81 137.42 138.57 275.99 0.4814 0.897370 2.1162 0.0010027 0.0086 152.22 260.15 154.34 124.08 278.43 0.5302 0.891880 2.6324 0.0010766 0.0064 169.88 262.14 172.71 106.41 279.12 0.5814 0.882790 3.2435 0.0011949 0.0046 189.82 261.34 193.69 82.63 276.32 0.6380 0.8655
100 3.9742 0.0015443 0.0027 218.60 248.49 224.74 34.40 259.13 0.7196 0.8117
Tables Aβ5A to Aβ5 C adapted from M. J. Moran, and H.N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 2nd Ed. John Wiley& Sons, 1992; originally based on equations from D.P. Wilson, and R.S. Basu, ASHRAE Transactions, 94, Pt 2., 1988, pp. 2095β2118.(With permission.)
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 5B: Properties of saturated refrigerant 134a (liquidβvapor): pressure table
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Press. Sat.Temp.
Sat. liquid Sat. vapor Sat. liquid Sat. vapor Sat. liq-uid
Evap. Sat. va-por
Sat. liquid Sat. vapor
MPa T,ΒΊC vf vg uf ug hf hfg hg sf sg0.06 β37.07 0.0007097 0.3100 3.41 206.12 3.46 221.27 224.72 0.0147 0.95200.08 β31.21 0.0007184 0.2366 10.41 209.46 10.47 217.92 228.39 0.0440 0.94470.10 β26.43 0.0007258 0.1917 16.22 212.18 16.29 215.06 231.35 0.0678 0.93950.12 β22.36 0.0007323 0.1614 21.23 214.50 21.32 212.54 233.86 0.0879 0.93540.14 β18.80 0.0007381 0.1395 25.66 216β52 25.77 210.27 236.04 0.1055 0.93220.16 β15.62 0.0007435 0.1229 29.66 218.32 29.78 208.18 237.97 0.1211 0.92950.18 β12.73 0.0007485 0.1098 33.31 219.94 33.45 206.26 239.71 0.1352 0.92730.20 β10.09 0.0007532 0.0993 36.69 221.43 36.84 204.46 241.30 0.1481 0.92530.24 β5.37 0.0007618 0.0834 42.77 224.07 42.95 201.14 244.09 0.1710 0.92220.28 β1.23 0.0007697 0.0719 48.18 226.38 48.39 198.13 246.52 0.1911 0.91970.32 2.48 0.0007770 0.0632 53.06 228.43 53.31 195.35 248.66 0.2089 0.91770.36 5.84 0.0007839 0.0564 57.54 230.28 57.82 192.76 250.58 0.2251 0.9160
0.4 8.93 0.0007904 0.0509 61.69 231.97 62.00 190.32 252.32 0.2399 0.91450.5 15.74 0.0008056 0.0409 70.93 235.64 71.33 184.74 256.07 0.2723 0.91170.6 21.58 0.0008196 0.0341 78.99 238.74 79.48 179.71 259.19 0.2999 0.90970.7 26.72 0.0008328 0.0292 86.19 241.42 86.78 175.07 261.85 0.3242 0.90800.8 31.33 0.0008454 0.0255 92.75 243.78 93.42 170.73 264.15 0.3459 0.90660.9 35.53 0.0008576 0.0226 98.79 245.88 99.56 166.62 266.18 0.3656 0.90541.0 39.39 0.0008695 0.0202 104.42 247.77 105.29 162.68 267.97 0.3838 0.90431.2 46.32 0.0008928 0.0166 114.69 251.03 115.76 155.23 270.99 0.4164 0.90231.4 52.43 0.0009159 0.0140 123.98 253.74 125.26 148.14 273.40 0.4453 0.90031.6 57.92 0.0009392 0.0121 132.52 256.00 134.02 141.31 275.33 0.4714 0.89821.8 62.91 0.0009631 0.0105 140.49 257.88 142.22 134.60 276.83 0.4954 0.89592.0 67.49 0.0009878 0.0093 148.02 259.41 149.99 127.95 277.94 0.5178 0.8934
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Specific volume,m3/kg
Internal energy,kJ/kg
Enthalpy,kJ/kg
Entropy,kJ/(kgβ K)
Press. Sat.Temp.
Sat. liquid Sat. vapor Sat. liquid Sat. vapor Sat. liq-uid
Evap. Sat. va-por
Sat. liquid Sat. vapor
MPa T,ΒΊC vf vg uf ug hf hfg hg sf sg2.5 77.59 0.0010562 0.0069 165.48 261.84 168.12 111.06 279.17 0.5687 0.88543.0 86.22 0.0011416 0.0053 181.88 262.16 185.30 92.71 278.01 0.6156 0.8735
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 5C: Properties of superheated refrigerant 134a vapor
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
P = 0.06 MPa (β37.07ΒΊC) P = 0.1 MPa (β26.43ΒΊC) P = 0.14 MPa (β18.80ΒΊC)Sat. 0.31003 206.12 224.72 0.9520 0.19170 212.18 231.35 0.9395 0.13945 216.52 236.04 0.9322β20 0.33536 217.86 237.98 1.0062 0.19770 216.77 236.54 0.9602β10 0.34992 224.97 245.96 1.0371 0.20686 224.01 244.70 0.9918 0.14549 223.03 243.40 0.9606
0 0.36433 232.24 254.10 1.0675 0.21587 231.41 252.99 1.0227 0.15219 230.55 251.86 0.992210 0.37861 239.69 262.41 1.0973 0.22473 238.96 261.43 1.0531 0.15875 238.21 260.43 1.023020 0.39279 247.32 270.89 1.1267 0.23349 246.67 270.02 1.0829 0.16520 246.01 269.13 1.053230 0.40688 255.12 279.53 1.1557 0.24216 254.54 278.76 1.1122 0.17155 253.96 277.97 1.082840 0.42091 263.10 288.35 1.1844 0.25076 262.58 287.66 1.1411 0.17783 262.06 286.96 1.112050 0.43487 271.25 297.34 1.2126 0.25930 270.79 296.72 1.1696 0.18404 270.32 296.09 1.140760 0.44879 279.58 306.51 1.2405 0.26779 279.16 305.94 1.1977 0.19020 278.74 305.37 1.169070 0.46266 288.08 315.84 1.2681 0.27623 287.70 315.32 1.2254 0.19633 287.32 314.80 1.196980 0.47650 296.75 325.34 1.2954 0.28464 296.40 324.87 1.2528 0.20241 296.06 324.39 1.224490 0.49031 305.58 335.00 1.3224 0.29302 305.27 334.57 1.2799 0.20846 304.95 334.14 1.2516
100 0.21449 314.01 344.04 1.2785
P = 0.18 MPa (β12.73ΒΊC) P = 0.20 MPa (β10.09ΒΊC) P = 0.24 MPa (β5.37ΒΊC)Sat. 0.10983 219.94 239.71 0.9273 0.09933 221.43 241.30 0.9253 0.08343 224.07 244.09 0.9222β10 0.11135 222.02 242.06 0.9362 0.09938 221.50 241.38 0.9256
0 0.11678 229.67 250.69 0.9684 0.10438 229.23 250.10 0.9582 0.08574 228.31 248.89 0.939910 0.12207 237.44 259.41 0.9998 0.10922 237.05 258.89 0.9898 0.08993 236.26 257.84 0.972120 0.12723 245.33 268.23 1.0304 0.11394 244.99 267.78 1.0206 0.09339 244.30 266.85 1.003430 0.13230 253.36 277.17 1.0604 0.11856 253.06 276.77 1.0508 0.09794 252.45 275.95 1.033940 0.13730 261.53 286.24 1.0898 0.12311 261.26 285.88 1.0804 0.10181 260.72 285.16 1.063750 0.14222 269.85 295.45 1.1187 0.12758 269.61 295.12 1.1094 0.10562 269.12 294.47 1.093060 0.14710 278.31 304.79 1.1472 0.13201 278.10 304.50 1.1380 0.10937 277.67 303.91 1.121870 0.15193 286.93 314.28 1.1753 0.13639 286.74 314.02 1.1661 0.11307 286.35 313.49 1.150180 0.15672 295.71 323.92 1.2030 0.14073 295.53 323.68 1.1939 0.11674 295.18 323.19 1.178090 0.16148 304.63 333.70 1.2303 0.14504 304.47 333.48 1.2212 0.12037 304.15 333.04 1.2055
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
100 0.16622 313.72 343.63 1.2573 0.14932 313.57 343.43 1.2483 0.12398 313.27 343.03 1.2326
P = 0.28 MPa (β1.23ΒΊC) P = 0.32 MPa (2.48ΒΊC) P = 0.40 MPa (8.93ΒΊC)Sat. 0.07193 226.38 246.52 0.9197 0.06322 228.43 248.66 0.9177 0.05089 231.97 252.32 0.9145
0 0.07240 227.37 247.64 0.923810 0.07613 235.44 256.76 0.9566 0.06576 234.61 255.65 0.9427 0.05119 232.87 253.35 0.918220 0.07972 243.59 265.91 0.9883 0.06901 242.87 264.95 0.9749 0.05397 241.37 262.96 0.951530 0.08320 251.83 275.12 1.0192 0.07214 251.19 274.28 1.0062 0.05662 249.89 272.54 0.983740 0.08660 260.17 284.42 1.0494 0.07518 259.61 283.67 1.0367 0.05917 258.47 282.14 1.014850 008992 268.64 293.81 1.0789 0.07815 268.14 293.15 1.0665 0.06164 267.13 291.79 1.045260 0.09319 277.23 303.32 1.1079 0.08106 276.79 302.72 1.0957 0.06405 275.89 301.51 1.074870 0.09641 285.96 312.95 1.1364 0.08392 285.56 312.41 1.1243 0.06641 284.75 311.32 1.103880 0.09960 294.82 322.71 1.1644 0.08674 294.46 322.22 1.1525 0.06873 293.73 321.23 1.132290 0.10275 303.83 332.60 1.1920 0.08953 303.50 332.15 1.1802 0.07102 302.84 331.25 1.1602
100 0.10587 312.98 342.62 1.2193 0.09229 312.68 342.21 1.1076 0.07327 312.07 341.38 1.1878110 0.10897 322.27 352.78 1.2461 0.09503 322.00 352.40 1.2345 0.07550 321.44 351.64 1.2149120 0.11205 331.71 363.08 1.2727 0.09774 331.45 362.73 1.2611 0.07771 330.94 362.03 1.2417130 0.07991 340.58 372.54 1.2681140 0.08208 350.35 383.18 1.2941
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 5C: Properties of superheated refrigerant 134a vapor (continued)
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
P = 0.5 MPa ( 15.4ΒΊC) P = 0.6 MPa ( 21.58ΒΊC) P = 0.7 MPa (26.72ΒΊC)Sat. 0.04086 253.64 256.07 0.9117 0.03408 238.74 259.19 0.9097 0.02918 241.42 261.85 0.9080
20 0.04188 239.40 260.34 0.926430 0.04416 248.20 270.28 0.9597 0.03581 246.41 267.89 0.9388 0.02979 244.51 265.37 0.919740 0.04633 256.99 280.16 0.9918 0.03774 255.45 278.09 0.9719 0.03157 253.83 275.93 0.953950 0.04842 265.83 290.04 1.0229 0.03958 264.48 288.23 1.0037 0.03324 263.08 286.35 0.986760 0.05043 274.73 299.95 1.0531 0.04134 273.54 298.35 1.0346 0.03482 272.31 296.69 1.018270 0.05240 283.72 309.92 1.0825 0.04304 282.66 308.48 1.0645 0.03634 281.57 307.01 1.048780 0.05432 292.80 319.96 1.1114 0.04469 291.86 318.67 1.0938 0.03781 290.88 317.35 1.078490 0.05620 302.00 330.10 1.1397 0.04631 301.14 328.93 1.1225 0.03924 300.27 327.74 1.1074
100 0.05805 311.31 340.33 1.1675 0.04790 310.53 339.27 1.1505 0.04064 309.74 338.19 1.1358110 0.05988 320.74 350.68 1.1949 0.04946 320.03 349.70 1.1781 0.04201 319.31 348.71 1.1637120 0.06168 330.30 361.14 1.2218 0.05099 329.64 360.24 1.2053 0.04335 328.98 359.33 1.1910130 0.06347 339.98 371.72 1.2484 0.05251 339.38 370.88 1.2320 0.04468 338.76 370.04 1.2179140 0.06524 349.79 382.42 1.2746 0.05402 349.23 381.64 1.2584 0.04599 348.66 380.86 1,2444150 0.05550 359.21 392.52 1.2844 0.04729 358.68 391.79 1.2706160 0.05698 369.32 403.51 1.3100 0.04857 368.82 402.82 1.2963
P = 0.8 MPa ( 31.33ΒΊC) P = 0.90 MPa ( 35.53ΒΊC) P = 1.00 MPa ( 39.39ΒΊC)Sat. 0.02547 243.78 264.15 0.9066 0.02255 245.88 266.18 0.9054 0.02020 247.77 267.97 0.9043
40 0.02691 252.13 273.66 0.9374 0.02325 250.32 271.25 0.9217 0.02029 248.39 268.68 0.906650 0.02846 261.62 284.39 0.9711 0.02472 260.09 282.34 0.9566 0.02171 258.48 280.19 0.942860 0.02992 27 1 .04 294.98 1.0034 0.02609 269.72 293.21 0.9897 0.0230 1 268.35 291.36 0.976870 0.03131 280.45 305.50 1.0345 0.02738 279.30 303.94 1.0214 0.02423 278.11 302.34 1.009380 0.03264 289.89 316.00 1.0647 0.02861 288.87 314.62 1.0521 0.02538 287.82 313.20 1.040590 0.03393 299.37 326.52 1.0940 0.02980 298.46 325.28 1.0819 0.02649 297.53 324.01 1.0707
100 0.03519 308.93 337.08 1.1227 0.03095 308.11 335.96 1.1109 0.02755 307.27 334.82 1.1000110 0.03642 318.57 347.71 1.1508 0.03207 317.82 346.68 1.1392 0.02858 317.06 345.65 1.1286120 0.03762 328.31 358.40 1.1784 0.03316 327.62 357.47 1.1670 0.02959 326.93 356.52 1.1567
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T v u h s v u h s v u h soC m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K) m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgβ K)
130 0.03881 338.14 369.19 1.2055 0.03423 337.52 368.33 1.1943 0.03058 336.88 367.46 1.1841140 0.03997 348.09 380.07 1.2321 0.03529 347.51 379.27 1.2211 0.03154 346.92 378.46 1.2111150 0.04113 358.15 391.05 1.2584 0.03633 357.61 390.31 1.2475 0.03250 357.06 389.56 1.2376160 0.04227 368.32 402.14 1.2843 0.03736 367.82 401.44 1.2735 0.03344 367.31 400.74 1.2638170 0.04340 378.61 413.33 1.3098 0.03838 378.14 412.68 1.2992 0.03436 377.66 412.02 1.2895180 0.04452 389.02 424.63 1.3351 0.03939 388.57 424.02 1.3245 0.03528 388.12 423.40 1.3149
P = 1.2 MPa ( 46.32ΒΊC) P = 1.40 MPa ( 52.43ΒΊC) P = 1.60 MPa ( 57.92ΒΊC)Sat. 0.01663 251.03 270.99 0.9023 0.01405 253.74 273.40 0.9003 0.01208 256.00 275.33 0.8982
50 0.01712 254.98 275.52 0.916460 0.01835 265.42 287.44 0.9527 0.01495 262.17 283.10 0.9297 0.01233 258.48 278.20 0.906970 0.01947 275.59 298.96 0.9868 0.01603 272.87 295.31 0.9658 0.01340 269.89 291.33 0.945780 0.02051 285.62 310.24 1.0192 0.01701 283.29 307.10 0.9997 0.01435 280.78 303.74 0.981390 0.02150 295.59 321.39 1.0503 0.01792 293.55 318.63 1.0319 0.01521 291.39 315.72 1.0148
100 0.02244 305.54 332.47 1.0804 0.01878 303.73 330.02 1.0628 0.01601 301.84 327.46 1.0467110 0.02335 315.50 343.52 1.1096 0.01960 313.88 341.32 1.0927 0.01677 312.20 339.04 1.0773120 0.02423 325.51 354.58 1.1381 0.02039 324.05 352.59 1.1218 0.01750 322.53 350.53 1.10691 30 0.02508 335.58 365.68 1.1 660 0.02115 334.25 363.86 1.1501 0.01820 332.87 361.99 1.1357140 0.02592 345.73 376.83 1.1933 0.02189 344.50 375.15 1.1 777 0.0 1 887 343.24 373.44 1.1 638150 0.02674 355.95 388.04 1.2201 0.02262 354.82 386.49 1.2048 0.01953 353.66 384.91 1.1912160 0.02754 366.27 399.33 1.2465 0.02333 365.22 397.89 1.2315 0.02017 364.15 396.43 1.2181170 0.02834 376.69 410.70 1.2724 0.02403 375.71 409.36 1.2576 0.02080 374.71 407.99 1.2445180 0.02912 387.21 422.16 1.2980 0.02472 386.29 420.90 1.2834 0.02142 385.35 419.62 1.2704190 0.02541 396.96 432.53 1.3088 0.02203 396.08 431.33 1.2960200 0.02608 407.73 444.24 1.3338 0.02263 406.90 443.11 1.3212
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 6A: Properties of some solids at 25ΒΊC TABLE 6B: Properties of some liquidsat 25ΒΊC
SOLIDS LIQUIDSSubstance Ο
kg/m3cP
kJ/kg K Substance Ο
kg/ m3cP
kJ/kg KAsphalt 2120 0.92 Ammonia 604 4.84Brick, common 1800 0.84 Benzene 879 1.72Carbon, diamond 3250 0.51 Butane 556 2.47Carbon, graphite 2000β2500 0.61 CCL, 1584 0.83Coal 1200β1500 1.26 C02 680 2.9Concrete 2200 0.88 Ethanol 783 2.46Glass, plate 2500 0.80 Gasoline 750 2.08Glass, wool 200 0.66 Glycerin 1260 2.42Granite 2750 0.89 Kerosene 815 2.0Ice (0 C) 917 2.04 1 Methanol 787 2.55Paper 700 1.2 nβoctane 692 2.23Plexiglas 1180 1.44 Oil engine 885 1.9Polystyrene 920 2.3 Oil light 910 1.8Polyvinyl chloride 1380 0.96 Propane 510 2.54Rubber, soft 1100 1.67 Rβ12 1310 0.97Salt, rock 2100β2500 0.92 Rβ22 1190 1.26Sand, dry 1500 0.8 Rβ134a 1206 1.43Silicon 2330 0.70 Water 997 4.18Snow, firm 560 21 Liquid metalsWood, hard (oak) 720 1.26 Bismuth, Bi 10040 0.14Wood, soft (pine) 510 1.38 Lead, Pb 10660 0.16Wool 100 1.72 Mercury, Hg 13580 0.14
Metals Potassium, K 828 0.81Aluminum 2700 0.90 Sodium, Na 929 1.38Brass, 60β40 8400 0.38 Tin, Sn 6950 0.24Copper, commercial 8300 0.42 NaK (56/44) 887 1.13Gold 19300 0.13 Zinc, Zn 6570 0.50Iron, cast 7272 0.42Iron. 304 St Steel 7820 0.46Lead 11310 0.128
Tables 6A to 6C adapted from R. Sonntag, C. Borgnakke and G. J. Wylen, Fundamentals ofClassical Thermodynamics, 5th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 1998. (With permission.)
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 6C: Properties of various ideal gases at 25ΒΊC, 100 kPaGas Chemical
FormulaMolecular
MassR
kJ/kg KΟ
kg/m3cp0
kJ/kg Kcv0
kJ/kg K kAcetylene C2H2 26.038 0.3193 1.05 1.699 1.380 1.231Air 28.97 0.287 1.169 1.004 0.717 1.400Ammonia NH3 17.031 0.4882 0.694 2,130 1.642 1.297Argon Ar 39.948 0.2081 1.613 0.520 0.312 1.667Benzene C6H6 78.11 0.1064 3.151 0775 0.67 1.157Butane C4H10 58.124 0.1430 2.407 1.716 1.573 1.091Carbon monoxide CO 28.01 0.2968 1.13 1.041 0.744 1.399Carbon dioxide CO, 44.01 0.1889 1.775 0.842 0.653 1.289Ethane C2H6 30.07 0.2765 1.222 1.766 1.490 1.186Ethanol CH3OH 46.069 0.1805 1.883 1.427 1.246 1.145Ethylene C2H4 28.054 0.2964 1.138 1,548 1.252 1.237Helium He 4.003 2.0771 0.1615 5.193 3.116 1.667Hydrogen H2 2.016 4.1243 0.0813 14.209 1.008 1.409Methane CH4 16.043 0.5183 0.648 2.254 1.736 1.299Methanol CH3OH 32.042 0.2595 1.31 1.405 1.146 1.227Neon Ne 20.183 0.4120 0.814 1.03 0.618 1.667Nitric oxide NO 30.006 0.2771 1.21 0.993 0,716 1.387Nitrogen . N 28.013 0.2968 1.13 1.042 0.745 1.400Nitrous oxide N2O 44.013 0.1889 1.775 0.879 0.690 1.274nβoctane C8H18 114.23 0.07279 0.092 1.711 1.638 1.044Oxygen O2 31.999 0.2598 1.292 0.922 0.662 1.393Propane C3H8 44.094 0.1886 1.808 1.679 1.490 1.126Rβ12 CCl2F2 120.914 0.06876 4.98 0.616 0.547 1.126Rβ22 CHClF2, 86.469 0.09616 3.54 0.658 0.562 1.171Rβ134a C2F4H2 102.03 0.08149 4.20 0.852 0.771 1.106Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.059 0.1298 2.618 0.624 0.494 1.263Sulfur trioxide SO3 80.053 0.10386 3.272 0.635 0.531 1.196Water/steam H2O 18.02 0.4614 0.727 1.86 1.40 1.329
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 6D: Curve fits for thermodynamic properties of liquids
Constants for the equation: cp0/R = A + BT + CT2, T from 273.15 to 373.15 K(h0β h0,ref) /R = A (TβTref) + (B/2)(T2βTref2) + (C/3) (T3 βTref 3)(s0β s0,ref) /R = A ln (T/Tref) + B(TβTref) + (C/2)(T2 βTref 2)h0,ref and s0,ref are typically set to zero at Tref.
Chemical Species A 103 B 106 CAmmonia 22.626 β100.75 192.71Aniline 15.819 29.03 β15.80Benzene β0.747 67.96 β37.781,3βButadiene 22.711 β87.96 205.79Carbon tetrachloride 21.155 β48.28 101.14Chlorobenzene 11.278 32.86 β31.90Chloroform 19.215 β42.89 83.01Cyclohexane β9.048 141.38 β161.62Ethanol 33.866 β172.60 349.17Ethylene oxide 21.039 β86.41 172.28Methanol 13.431 β51.28 131.13nβPropanol 41.653 β210.32 427.20Sulfur trioxide β2.930 137.08 β84.73Toluene 15.133 6.79 16.35Water 8.712 1.25 β0.18
Tables 6D and 6F adapted from Smith and Van Ness, Introduction to Chemical Engi-neering Thermodynamics, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill Book Company, 1987. Origi-nally, the liquid correlations were presented by J. W. Miller, Jr., G. R. Schorr, and C.L. Yaws, Chem. Engng., 83(23): 129, 1976 and the solid correlations by K.K. Kelley,U.S. Bur. Mines. Bull. 584, 1960; L. B. Pankratz, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull., 672, 1982.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Table 6E: Curve fits for thermodynamic properties of solids
Constants for the equation cp0/R = A+ BT + DTβ2
T (kelvins) from 298 K to Tmax(h0β h0,ref) /R = A (TβTref) + (B/2)(T2βTref2) β D (1/Tβ 1/Tref)(s0β s0,ref) /R = A ln (T/Tref) + B(TβTref) β (D/2) (1/Tβ2β 1/Trefβ2)h0,ref and s0,ref are typically set to zero at Tref.
Chemical Species Tmax A 103 B 10β5 DCaO 2,000 6.104 0.443 β1.047CaCO3 1,200 12.572 2.637 β3.120Ca(OH)2 700 9.597 5.435CaC2 720 8.254 1.429 β1.042CaCl2 1,055 8.646 1.530 β0.302C(Graphite) 2000 1.771 0.771 β0.867Cu 1,357 2.677 0.815 0.035CuO 1,400 5.780 0.973 β0.874Fe(Ξ±) 1.043 β0.111 6.111 1.150Fe2O3 960 11.812 9.697 β1.976Fe3O4 850 9.594 27.t12 0.409FeS 411 2.612 13.286I2 386.8 6.481 1.502NH4C1 458 5.939 16.105Na 371 1.988 4.688NaCl 1,073 5.526 1.963NaOH 566 0.121 16.316 1.948NaHCO3 400 5.128 18.148S(Rhombic) 368.3 4.114 β1.728 β0.783SiO2 (quartz) 847 4.871 5.365 β1.001
From K. K. Kelley, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull. 584, 1960; L. B. Pankratz, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull.672, 1982.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 6F1: Curve fit for thermodynamic properties of gases
Species T(K) a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a71,000β5,000 0.03025078E+02 0.14426885Eβ02 β0.05630827Eβ05 0.10185813Eβ09 β0.06910951Eβ13 β0.14268350E+05 0.06108217E+02CO 300β1,000 0.03262451E+02 0.15119409Eβ02 β0.03881755Eβ04 0.05581944Eβ07 β0.02474951Eβ10 β0.14310539E+05 0.04848897E+021,000β5,000 0.04453623E+02 0.03140168Eβ01 β0.12784105Eβ05 0.02393996Eβ08 β0.16690333Eβ13 β0.04896696E+06 β0.09553959E+01CO2 300β1,000 0.02275724E+02 0.09922072Eβ01 β0.10409113Eβ04 0.06866686Eβ07 β0.02117280Eβ10 β0.04837314E+06 0.10188488E+021,000β5,000 0.02991423E+02 0.07000644Eβ02 β0.05633828Eβ06 β0.09231578Eβ10 0.15827519Eβ14 β0.08350340E+04 β0.13551101E+01H2 300β1,000 0.03298124E+02 0.08249441Eβ02 β0.08143015Eβ05 0.09475434Eβ09 0.04134872Eβ11 β0.10125209E+04 β0.03294094E+021,000β5,000 0.02500000E+02 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 0.02547162E+06 β0.04601176E+01H 300β1,000 0.02500000E+02 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 0.02547162E+06 β0.04601176E+011,000β5,000 0.02882730E+02 0.10139743Eβ02 β0.02276877Eβ05 0.02174683Eβ09 β0.05126305Eβ14 0.03886888E+05 0.05595712E+02OH 300β1,000 0.03637266E+02 0.01850910Eβ02 β0.16761646Eβ05 0.02387202Eβ07 β0.08431442Eβ11 0.03606781E+05 0.13588605E+011,000β5,000 0.02672145E+02 0.03056293Eβ01 β0.08730260Eβ05 0.12009964Eβ09 β0.06391618Eβ13 β0.02989921E+06 0.06862817E+02H2O 300β1,000 0,03386842E+02 0.03474982Eβ01 β0.06354696Eβ04 0.06968581Eβ07 β0.02506588Eβ10 β0.03020811E+06 0.02590232E+021,000β5,000 0.02926640E+02 0.14879768Eβ02 β0.05684760Eβ05 0.10097038Eβ09 β0.06753351Eβ13 β0.09227977E+04 0.05980528E+02N2 300β1,000 0.03298677E+02 0.14082404Eβ02 β0.03963222Eβ04 0.05641515Eβ07 β0.02444854Eβ10 β0.10209999E+04 0.03950372E+021,000β5,000 0.02450268E+02 0.10661458Eβ03 β0.07465337Eβ06 0.01879652Eβ09 β0.10259839Eβ14 0.05611604E+06 0.04448758E+02N 300β1,000 0.02503071E+02 β0.02180018Eβ03 0.05420529Eβ06 β0.05647560Eβ09 0.02099904Eβ12 0.05609890E+06 0.04167566E+021,000β5,000 0.03245435E+02 0.12691383Eβ02 β0.05015890Eβ05 0.09169283Eβ09 β0.06275419Eβ13 0.09800840E+05 0.06417293E+02NO 300β1,000 0.03376541E+02 0.12530634Eβ02 β0.033027SOEβ04 0.052178I0Eβ07 β0.02446262Eβ10 0.09817961E+05 0.05829590E+021,000β5,000 0.04682859E+02 0.02462429Eβ01 β0.10422585Eβ05 0.01976902Eβ08 β0.13917168Eβ13 0.02261292E+05 0.09885995E+01NO2 300β1,000 0.02670600E+02 0.07838500Eβ01 β0.08063864Eβ04 0.06161714Eβ07 β0.02320150Eβ10 0.02896290E+05 0.11612071E+021,000β5,000 0.03697578E+02 0.06135197Eβ02 β0.12588420Eβ06 0.01775281Eβ09 β0.11364354Eβ14 β0.12339301E+04 0.03189165E+02O2 300β1,000 0.03212936E+02 0.11274864Eβ02 β0.05756150Eβ05 0.13138773Eβ08 β0.08768554Eβ11 β0.10052490E+04 0.06034737E+021,000β5,000 0.02542059E+02 β0.02755061Eβ03 β0.03102803Eβ07 0.04551067Eβ10 β0.04368051Eβ14 0.02923080E+06 0.04920308E+02O 300β1,000 0.02946428E+02 β0.16381665Eβ02 0.02421031Eβ04 β0.16028431Eβ08 0.03890696Eβ11 0.02914764E+06 0.02963995E+02
Table 7F1 adapted from S. R. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co., 2000. Originally from Kee, R. J.,Rupley, F. K, and Miller, J. A., The Chemkin Thermodynamic Data Base, Sandia Report, SAND87β8215B, reprinted March 1991.
c R a a T a T a T a TP0 1 2 3
2
4
3
5
4= + + + +
s R a LnT a Ta
Ta
Ta
T a0 1 2
3 2 4 3 5 4
72 3 4
= + + + + +
h
RTa
aT
aT
aT
aT a
o= + + + + +
1
2 3 2 4 3 5 4
62 3 4 5
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE6F2: Curve fit for thermodynamic properties of gases (continued)
cP,0/R = A + BT + CT 2 + D Tβ2 from 298 K to Tmax(h0β h0,ref) /R = A (TβTref) + (B/2)(T2βTref2) + (C/3) (T3 βTref 3 ) β D (1/Tβ 1/Tref)(s0β s0,ref) /R = A ln (T/Tref) + B(TβTref) + (C/2)(T2 βTref 2 ) β (D/2) (1/Tβ2β 1/Trefβ2)where href and sref are typically set to zero at Tref.
Chemical Species Tmax A 103B 106C 10β5DParaffins:
Methane CH4 1,500 1.702 9.081 β2.164Ethane C2H6 1,500 1.131 19.225 β5.561Propane C3H8 1,500 1.213 28.785 β8.824nβButane C4H10 1,500 1.935 36.915 β11.402isoβButane C4H10 1,500 1.677 37.853 β11.945nβPentane C5H12 1,500 2.464 45.351 β14.111nβHexane C6H14 1,500 3.025 53.722 β16.791nβHeptane C7H16 1,500 3.570 62.127 β19.486nβOctane C8H18 1,500 8.163 70.567 β22.208
1βAlkenes:Ethylene C2H4 1,500 1.424 14.394 β4.392Propylene C3H6 1,500 1.637 22.706 β6.9151βButene C4H8 1,500 1.967 31.630 β9.8731βPentene C5H10 1,500 2.691 39.753 β12.4471βHexene C6H12 1,500 3.220 48.189 β15.1571βHeptene C7H14 1,500 3.768 56.588 β17.8471βOctene C8H16 1,500 4.324 64.960 β20.521Miscellaneous organics:
Acetaldehyde C2H4O 1,000 1.693 17.978 β6.158Acetylene C2H2 1,500 6.132 1.952 β1.299Benzene C6H6 1,500 β0.206 39.064 β13.3011,3βButadiene C4H6 1,500 2.734 26.786 β8.882Cyclohexane C6H12 1,500 β3.876 63.249 β20.928Ethanol C2H6O 1,500 3.518 20.001 β6.002Ethylbenzene C8H10 1,500 1.124 55.380 β18.476Ethylene oxide C2H4O 1,000 β0.385 23.463 β9.296Formaldehyde CH2O 1,500 2.264 7.022 β1.877Methanol CH4O 1,500 2.211 12.216 β3.450Toluene C7H8 1,500 b.290 47.052 β15.716Styrene C8H8 1,500 2.050 50.192 β16.662Miscellaneous inorganics
Air 2,000 3.355 0.575 β0.016Ammonia NH3 1,800 3.578 3.020 β0.186Bromine Br2 3,000 4.493 0.056 β0.154Carbon disulfide CS2 1,800 6.311 0.805 β0.906Chlorine CI2 3,000 4.442 0.089 β0.344Hydrogen sulfide H2S 2,300 3.931 1.490 β0.232Hydrogen chloride HCl 2,000 3.156 0.623 0.151Hydrogen cyanide HCN 2,500 4.736 1.359 β0.725Dinitrogen oxide N2O 2,000 5.328 1.214 β0.928Dinitrogen tetroxide N2O4 2,000 11.660 2.257 β2.787
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Chemical Species Tmax A 103B 106C 10β5DSulfur dioxide SO2 2,000 5.699 0.801 β1.015Sulfur trioxide SO3 2,000 8.060 1.056 β2.028
Table 6F2 adapted from Smith and Van Ness, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermo-dynamics, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill Book Company, 1987 (Selected from H.M. Spencer, Ind.Eng. Chem., 40: 2152, 1948; K.K. Kelley, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull., 584, 1960; L.B. Pankratz,U.S. Bur. Mines Bull., 672, 1982).
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 7: Ideal gas properties of air
T, K h, kJ/kg Pr u, kJ/kg vr s0, kJ/(kgβ K) g0, kJ/(kgβ K)200 199.97 0.3363 142.56 1707.0 1 .29559 -59.148210 209.97 0.3987 149.69 1512.0 1.34444 -72.3624220 219.97 0.4690 156.82 1346.0 1.39105 -86.061230 230.02 0.5477 164.00 1205.0 1.43557 -100.1611240 240.02 0.6355 171.13 1084.0 1.47824 -114.7576250 250.05 0.7329 178.28 979.0 1.51917 -129.7425260 260.09 0.8405 185.45 887.8 1.55848 -145.1148270 270.11 0.9590 192.60 808.0 1.59634 -160.9018280 280.13 1.0889 199.75 738.0 1.63279 -177.0512285 285.14 1.1584 203.33 706.1 1.65055 -185.26675290 290.16 1.2311 206.91 676.1 1.66802 -193.5658295 295.17 1.3068 210.49 647.9 1.68515 -201.94925300 300.19 1.3860 214.07 621.2 1.70203 -210.419305 305.22 1.4686 217.67 596.0 1.71865 -218.96825310 310.24 1.5546 221.25 572.3 1.73498 -227.6038315 315.27 1.6442 224.85 549.8 1.75106 -236.3139320 320.29 1.7375 228.42 528.6 1.76690 -245.118325 325.31 1.8345 232.02 508.4 1.78249 -253.99925330 330.34 1.9352 235.61 489.4 1.79783 -262.9439340 340.42 2.149 242.82 454.1 1.82790 -281.066350 350.49 2.379 250.02 422.2 1.85708 -299.488360 360.58 2.626 257.24 393.4 1.88543 -318.1748370 370.67 2.892 264.46 367.2 1.91313 -337.1881380 380.77 3.176 271.69 343.4 1.94001 -356.4338390 390.88 3.481 278.93 321.5 1.96633 -375.9887400 400.98 3.806 286.16 301.6 1.99194 -395.796410 411.12 4.153 293.43 283.3 2.01699 -415.8459420 421.26 4.522 300.69 266.6 2.04142 -436.1364430 431.43 4.915 307.99 251.1 2.06533 -456.6619440 441.61 5.332 315.30 236.8 2.08870 -477.418450 451.80 5.775 322.62 223.6 2.11161 -498.4245460 462.02 6.245 329.97 211.4 2.13407 -519.6522470 472.24 6.742 337.32 200.1 2.15604 -541.0988480 482.49 7.268 344.70 189.5 2.17760 -562.758490 492.74 7.824 352.08 179.7 2.19876 -584.6524500 503.02 8.411 359.49 170.6 2.21952 -606.74510 513.32 9.031 366.92 162.1 2.23993 -629.0443520 523.63 9.684 374.36 154.1 2.25997 -651.5544530 533.98 10.37 381.84 146.7 2.27967 -674.2451540 544.35 11.10 389.34 139.7 2.29906 -697.1424550 555.74 11.86 396.86 133.1 2.31809 -719.2095560 565.17 12.66 404.42 127.0 2.33685 -743.466570 575.59 13.50 411.97 121.2 2.35531 -766.9367580 586.04 14.38 419.55 115.7 2.37348 -790.5784590 596.52 15.31 427.15 110.6 2.39140 -814.406
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T, K h, kJ/kg Pr u, kJ/kg vr s0, kJ/(kgβ K) g0, kJ/(kgβ K)600 607.02 16.28 434.78 105.8 2.40902 -838.392610 617.53 17.30 442.42 101.2 2.42644 -862.5984620 628.07 18.36 450.09 96.92 2.44356 -886.9372630 683.63 19.84 457.78 92.84 2.46048 -866.4724640 649.22 20.64 465.50 88.99 2.47716 -936.1624650 659.84 21.86 473.25 85.34 2.49364 -961.026660 670.47 23.13 481.01 81.89 2.50985 -986.031670 681.14 24.46 488.81 78.61 2.52589 -1011.2063680 691.82 25.85 496.62 75.50 2.54175 -1036.57690 702.52 27.29 504.45 72.56 2.55731 -1062.0239700 713.27 28.80 512.33 69.76 2.57277 -1087.669710 724.04 30.38 520.23 67.07 2.588 0 -1113.44720 734.82 32.02 528.14 64.53 2.60319 -1139.4768730 745.62 33.72 536.07 62.13 2.61803 -1165.5419740 756.44 35.50 544.02 59.82 2.63280 -1191.832750 767.29 37.35 551.99 57.63 2.64737 -1218.2375760 778.18 39.27 560.01 55.54 2.66176 -1244.7576780 800.03 43.35 576.12 51.64 2.69013 -1298.2714800 821.95 47.75 592.30 48.08 2.71787 -1352.346820 843.98 52.59 608.59 44.84 2.74504 -1406.9528840 866.08 57.60 624.95 41.85 2.77170 -1462.148860 888.27 63.09 641.40 39.12 2.79783 -1517.8638880 910.56 68.98 657.95 36.61 2.82344 -1574.0672900 932.93 75.29 674.58 34.31 2.84856 -1630.774920 955.38 82.05 691.28 32.18 2.87324 -1688.0008940 977.92 89.28 708.08 30.22 2.89748 -1745.7112960 1000.55 97.00 725.02 28.40 2.92128 -1803.8788980 1023.25 105.2 741.98 26.73 2.94468 -1862.5364
1000 1046.04 114.0 758.94 25.17 2.96770 -1921.661020 1068.89 123.4 776.10 23.72 2.99034 -1981.25681040 1091.85 133.3 793.36 23.29 3.01260 -2041.2541060 1114.86 143.9 810.62 21.14 3.03449 -2101.69941080 1137.89 155.2 827.88 19.98 3.05608 -2162.67641100 1161.07 167.1 845.33 18.896 3.07732 -2223.9821120 1184.28 179.7 862.79 17.886 3.09825 -2285.761140 1207.57 193.1 880.35 16.946 3.11883 -2347.89621160 1230.92 207.2 897.91 16.064 3.13916 -2410.50561180 1254.34 222.2 915.57 15.241 3.15916 -2473.46881200 1277.79 238.0 933.33 14.470 3.17888 -2536.8661220 1301.31 254.7 951.09 13.747 3.19834 -2600.66481240 1324.93 272.3 968.95 13.069 3.21751 -2664.78241260 1348.55 290.8 986.90 12.435 3.23638 -2729.28881280 1372.24 310.4 1004.76 11.835 3.25510 -2794.2881300 1395.97 330.9 1022.82 11.275 3.27345 -2859.5151320 1419.76 352.5 1040.88 10.747 3.29160 -2925.1521340 1443.60 375.3 1058.94 10.247 3.30959 -2991.25061360 1467.49 399.1 1077.10 9.780 3.32724 -3057.55641380 1491.44 424.2 1095.26 9.337 3.34474 -3124.3012
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T, K h, kJ/kg Pr u, kJ/kg vr s0, kJ/(kgβ K) g0, kJ/(kgβ K)1400 1515.42 450.5 1113.52 8.919 3.36200 -3191.381420 1539.44 478.0 1131.77 8.526 3.37901 -3258.75421440 1563.51 506.9 1150.13 8.153 3.39586 -3326.52841460 1587.63 537.1 1168.49 7.801 3.41247 -3394.57621480 1611.79 568.8 1186.95 7.468 3.42892 -3463.01161500 1635.97 601.9 1205.41 7.152 3.44516 -3531.771520 1660.23 636.5 1223.87 6.854 3.46120 -3600.7941540 1684.51 672.8 1242.43 6.569 3.47712 -3670.25481560 1708.82 710.5 1260.99 6.301 3.49276 -3739.88561580 1733.17 750.0 1279.65 6.046 3.50829 -3809.92821600 1757.57 791.2 1298.30 5.804 3.52364 -3880.2541620 1782.00 834.1 1316.96 5.574 3.53879 -3950.83981640 1806.46 878.9 1335.72 5.355 3.55381 -4021.78841660 1830.96 925.6 1354.48 5.147 3.56867 -4093.03221680 1855.50 974.2 1373.24 4.949 3.58335 -4164.5281700 1880.1 1025 1392.7 4.761 3.5979 -4236.331750 1941.6 1161 1439.8 4.328 3.6336 -4417.21800 2003.3 1310 1487.2 3.994 3.6684 -4599.821850 2065.3 1475 1534.9 3.601 3.7023 -4783.9551900 2127.4 1655 1582.6 3.295 3.7354 -4969.861950 2189.7 1852 1630.6 3.022 3.7677 -5157.3152000 2252.1 2068 1678.7 2.776 3.7994 -5346.72050 2314.6 2303 1726.8 2.555 3.8303 -5537.5152100 2377.7 2559 1775.3 2.356 3.8605 -5729.352150 2440.3 2837 1823.8 2.175 3.8901 -5923.4152200 2503.2 3138 1872.4 2.012 3.9191 -6118.822250 2566.4 3464 1921.3 1.864 '3.9474 -6315.25
Pr, Relative pressure, vr: relative volume. Source: adopted from K. Wark, Thermodynamics, 4th
Ed., McGraw Hill Book Co., 1983, pp 785-786. Originally from J.H . Keenan and J. Keye,Gas Tables, John Wiley & Sons, NY, 1948. Pr =0.00368 exp ( - s0 /R), vr = 2.87 T/pr, g0 =h- Ts0
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 8: Ideal gas properties of carbon monoxide, CO
MW = 28.010, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = β110, 541
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 28.687 β2,835 β111,308 186.018 -150,580298 29.072 0 β110,541 197.548 -169,410300 29.078 54 β110,530 197.728 -169,805400 29.433 2,979 β110,121 206.141 -190,018500 29.857 5,943 β110,017 212.752 -210,974600 30.407 8,955 β110,156 218.242 -232,531700 31.089 12,029 β110,477 222.979 -254,597800 31.860 15,176 β110,924 227.180 -277,109900 32.629 18,401 β111,450 230.978 -300,020
1,000 33.255 21,697 β112,022 234.450 -323,2941,100 33.725 25,046 β112,619 237.642 -346,9011,200 34.148 28,440 β113,240 240.595 -370,8151,300 34.530 31,874 β113,881 243.344 -395,0141,400 34.872 35,345 β114,543 245.915 -419,4771,500 35.178 38,847 β115,225 248,332 -444,1921,600 35.451 42,379 β115,925 250.611 -469,1401,700 35.694 45,937 β116,644 252.768 -494,3101,800 35.910 49,517 β117,380 254.814 -519,6891,900 36.101 53,118 β118,132 256.761 -545,2692,000 36.271 56,737 β118,902 258.617 -571,0382,100 36.421 60,371 β119,687 260.391 -596,9912,200 36.553 64,020 β120,488 262.088 -623,1152,300 36.670 67,682 β121,305 263.715 -649,4042,400 36.774 71,354 β122,137 265.278 -675,8542,500 36,867 75,036 β122,984 266.781 -702,4582,600 36.950 78,727 β123,847 268.229 -729,2092,700 37.025 82,426 β124,724 269.625 -756,1032,800 37.093 86,132 β125,616 270.973 -783,1332,900 37.155 89,844 β126,523 272.275 -810,2953,000 37.213 93,562 β127,446 273.536 -837,5873,100 37.268 97,287 β128,383 274'.757 -865,0013,200 37.321 101,016 β129,335 275.941 -892,5363,300 37.372 104,751 β130,303 277.090 -920,1873,400 37.422 108,490 β131,285 278.207 -947,9553,500 37.471 112,235 β132,283 279.292 -975,8283,600 37.521 115,985 β133,295 280.349 -1,003,8123,700 37.570 119,739 β134,323 281.377 -1,031,8973,800 37.619 123,499 β135,366 282.380 -1,060,0863,900 37.667 127,263 β136,424 283.358 -1,088,3744,000 37.716 131,032 β137,497 284.312 -1,116,7574,100 37.764 134,806 β138,585 285.244 -1,145,2354,200 37.810 138,585 β139,687 286.154 -1,173,8034,300 37.855 142,368 β140,804 287.045 -1,202,4674,400 37.897 146,156 β141,935 287.915 -1,231,211
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
4,500 37.936 149,948 β143,079 288.768 -1,260,0494,600 37.970 153,743 β144,236 289.602 -1,288,9674,700 37.998 157,541 β145,407 290.419 -1,317,9694,800 38.019 161,342 β146,589 291.219 -1,347,0504,900 38.031 165,145 β147,783 292.003 -1,376,2115,000 38.033 168,948 β148,987 292.771 -1,405,448
Tables 8 to 19 except for g T0 ( ) adapted from S. R. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion,2nd Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co., 2000.For Tbles A-8 to A-19,g
0= h f,2980+ ( h ht T t, ,β 298 )-T s 0, g0 β g f0, s k(T,pk) = s 0 - R ln (pk/1), gk(T.pk) = g
0 + R T ln(pk/1)
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 9: Ideal gas properties of carbon dioxide, CO2
MW = 44.011, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = β393,546
T cp0 h ht T t, ,β 298 h Tf
0( ) s T
0( ) g T0 ( )
(K) (kJ/kmolβK) (kJ/kmol) (kJ/kmol) (kJ/kmolβK) (kJ/kmol)200 32.387 β3,423 β393,483 199.876 -436,944298 37.198 0 β393,546 213.736 -457,239300 37.280 69 β393,547 213.966 -457,667400 41.276 4,003 β393,617 225.257 -479,646500 44.569 8,301 β393,712 234.833 -502,662600 47.313 12,899 β393,844 243.209 -526,572700 49.617 17,749 β394,013 250.680 -551,273800 51.550 22,810 β394,213 257.436 -576,685900 53.136 28,047 β394,433 263.603 -602,742
1,000 54.360 33,425 β394,659 269.268 -629,3891,100 55.333 38,911 β394,875 274.495 -656,5801,200 56.205 44,488 β395,083 279.348 -684,2761,300 56.984 50,149 β395,287 283.878 -712,4381,400 57.677 55,882 β395,488 288.127 -741,0421,500 58.292 61,681 β395,691 292.128 -770,0571,600 58.836 67,538 β395,897 295.908 -799,4611,700 59.316 73,446 β396,110 299.489 -829,2311,800 59.738 79,399 β396,332 302.892 -859,3531,900 60.108 85,392 β396,564 306.132 -889,8052,000 60.433 91,420 β396,808 309.223 -920,5722,100 60.717 97,477 β397,065 312.179 -951,6452,200 60.966 103,562 β397,338 315.009 -983,0042,300 61.185 109,670 β397,626 317.724 -1,014,6412,400 61.378 115,798 β397,931 320.333 -1,046,5472,500 61.548 121,944 β398,253 322.842 -1,078,7072,600 61.701 128,107 β398,594 325.259 -1,111,1122,700 61.839 134,284 β398,952 327.590 -1,143,7552,800 61.965 140,474 β399,329 329.841 -1,176,6272,900 62.083 146,677 β399,725 332.018 -1,209,7213,000 62.194 152,891 β400,140 334.124 -1,243,0273,100 62.301 159,116 β400,573 336.165 -1,276,5423,200 62.406 165,351 β401,025 338.145 -1,310,2593,300 62.510 171,597 β401,495 340.067 -1,344,1703,400 62.614 177,853 β401,983 341.935 -1,378,2723,500 62,718 184,120 β402,489 343.751 -1,412,5553,600 62.825 190,397 β403,013 345.519 -1,447,0173,700 62.932 196,685 β403,553 347.242 -1,481,6563,800 63,041 202,983 β404,110 348.922 -1,516,4673,900 63.151 209,293 β404,684 350.561 -1,551,4414,000 63.261 215,613 β405,273 353.161 -1,590,5774,100 63.369 221,945 β405,878 353.725 -1,621,8744,200 63.474 228,287 β406,499 355.253 -1,657,3224,300 63.575 234,640 β407,135 356.748 -1,692,9224,400 63.669 241,002 β407,785 358.210 -1,728,668
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T cp0 h ht T t, ,β 298 h Tf
0( ) s T
0( ) g T0 ( )
(K) (kJ/kmolβK) (kJ/kmol) (kJ/kmol) (kJ/kmolβK) (kJ/kmol)4,500 63.753 247,373 β408,451 359.642 -1,764,5624,600 63.825 253,752 β409,132 361.044 -1,800,5964,700 63.881 260,138 β409,828 362.417 -1,836,7684,800 63.918 266,528 β410,539 363.763 -1,873,0804,900 63.932 272,920 β411,267 365.081 -1,909,5235,000 63.919 279,313 β412,010 366.372 -1,946,093
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 10: Ideal gas properties of hydrogen atom, H
MW = 1.01, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 217,977
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 20.786 β2,040 217,346 106.305 194,676298 20.786 0 217,977 114.605 183,825300 20.786 38 217,989 114.733 183,595400 20.786 2,117 218,617 120.713 171,809500 20.786 4,196 219,236 125.351 159,498600 20.786 6,274 219,848 129.351 146,640700 20.786 8,353 220,456 132.345 133,689800 20.786 10,431 221,059 135.121 120,311900 20.786 12,510 221,653 137.569 106,675
1,000 20.786 14,589 222,234 139.759 92,8071,100 20.786 16,667 222,793 141.740 78,7301,200 20.786 18,746 223,329 143.549 64,4641,300 20.786 20,824 223,843 145.213 50,0241,400 20.786 22,903 224,335 146.753 35,4261,500 20.786 24,982 224,806 148.187 20,6791,600 20.786 27,060 225,256 149.528 5,7921,700 20.786 29,139 225,687 150.789 -9,2251,800 20.786 31,217 226,099 151.977 -24,3651,900 20.786 33,296 226,493 153.101 -39,6192,000 20.786 35,375 226,868 154.167 -54,9822,100 20.786 37,453 227,226 155.181 -70,4502,200 20.786 39,532 227,568 156.148 -86,0172,300 20.786 41,610 227,894 157.072 -101,6792,400 20.786 43,689 228,204 157.956 -117,4282,500 20.786 45,768 228,499 158.805 -133,2682,600 20.786 47,846 228,780 159.620 -149,1892,700 20.786 49,925 229,047 160.405 -165,1922,800 20.786 52,003 229,301 161.161 -181,2712,900 20.786 54,082 229,543 161.890 -197,4223,000 20.786 56,161 229,772 162,595 -213,6473,100 20.786 58,239 229,989 163.276 -229,9403,200 20.786 60,318 230,195 163.936 -246,3003,300 20.786 62,396 230,390 164.576 -262,7283,400 20.786 64,475 230,574 165.196 -279,2143,500 20.786 66,554 230,748 165.799 -295,7663,600 20.786 68,632 230,912 166.954 -314,4253,700 20.786 70,711 231,067 166.954 -329,0423,800 20.786 72,789 231,212 167.508 -345,7643,900 20.786 74,868 231,348 168.048 -362,5424,000 20.786 76,947 231,475 168.575 -379,3764,100 20,786 79,025 231,594 169.088 -396,2594,200 20,786 81,104 231,704 169.589 -413,1934,300 M786 83,182 231,805 170.078 -430,1764,400 20.786 85,261 231,897 170.556 -447,208
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,500 20.786 87,340 231,981 171.023 -464,2874,600 20.786 89,418 232,056 171.480 -481,4134,700 20.786 91,497 232,123 171.927 -498,5834,800 20.786 93,575 232,180 172.364 -515,7954,900 20.786 95,654 232,228 172.793 -533,0555,000 20.786 97,733 232,267 173.213 -550,355
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 11: Ideal gas properties of hydrogen, H2
MW = 2.02, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) =0
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 28.522 β2,818 0 119.137 -26,645298 28.871 0 0 130.595 -38,917300 28.877 53 0 130.773 -39,179400 29.120 2,954 0 139.116 -52,692500 29.275 5,04 0 145.632 -67,776600 29.375 8,807 0 150.979 -81,780700 29.461 11,749 0 155.514 -97,111800 29.581 14,701 0 159.455 -112,863906 29.792 17,668 0 162.950 -129,965
1,000 30.160 20,664 0 166.106 -145,4421,100 30.625 23,704 0 169.003 -162,1991,200 31.077 26,789 0 171.687 -179,2351,300 31.516 29,919 0 174.192 -196,5311,400 31.943 33,092 0 176.543 -214,0681,500 32.356 36,307 0 178.761 -231,8351,600 32.758 39,562 0 180.862 -249,8171,700 33.146 42,858 0 182.860 -268,0041,800 33.522 46,191 0 184.765 -286,3861,900 33.885 49,562 0 186.587 -304,9532,000 34.236 52,968 0 188.334 -323,7002,100 34.575 56,408 0 190.013 -342,6192,200 34.901 59,882 0 191.629 -361,7022,300 35.216 63,388 0 193.187 -380,9422,400 35.50 66,925 0 194.692 -400,3362,500 35.811 70,492 0 196.148 -419,8782,600 36.091 74,087 0 197.558 -439,5642,700 36.361 77,710 0 198.926 -459,3902,800 36.621 81,359 0 200.253 -479,3492,900 36.871 85,033 0 201.542 -499,4393,000 37.112 88,733 0 202.796 -519,6553,100 37.343 92,455 0 204.017 -539,9983,200 37.566 96,201 0 205.206 -560,4583,300 37.781 99,968 0 206.365 -581,0373,400 37.989 103,757 0 207.496 -601,7293,500 38.190 107,566 0 208.600 -622,5343,600 38.385 111,395 0 209.679 -643,4493,700 38.574 115,243 0 210.733 -664,4693,800 38.759 119,109 0 211.764 -685,5943,900 38.939 122,994 0 212.774 -706,8254,000 39.116 126,897 0 213.762 -728,1514,100 39.291 130,817 0 214.730 -749,5764,200 39.464 134,755 0 215.679 -771,0974,300 39.636 138,710 0 216.609 -792,709
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,406 39.808 142,682 0 217.522 -815,7204,500 39.981 146,672 0 218.419 -836,2144,600 40.156 150,679 0 219,300 -858,1014,700 40.334 154,703 0 220.165 -880,0734,800 40.516 158,746 0 221.016 -902,1314,900 40.702 162,806 0 221.853 -924,2745,000 40.895 166,886 0 222.678 -946,504
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE12: Ideal gas Properties of water (g), H2O
MW = 18.02, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = β241,845, enthalpy of vaporization (kJ/kmol) = 44,010
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 32.255 β3,227 β240,838 175.602 -280,192298 33.448 0 β241,845 188.715 -298,082300 33.468 62 β241,865 188.922 -298,460400 34.437 3,458 β242,858 198.686 -317,861500 35.337 6,947 β243,822 206.467 -338,132600 36.288 10,528 β244,753 212.992 -359,112700 37.364 14,209 β245,638 218.665 -380,702800 38.587 18,005 β246,461 223.733 -402,826900 39.930 21,930 β247,209 228.354 -425,434
1,000 41.315 25,993 β247,879 232.633 -448,4851,100 42.638 30,191 β248,475 236.634 -471,9511,200 43.874 34,518 β249,005 240.397 -495,8031,300 45.027 38,963 β249,477 243.955 -520,0241,400 46.102 43,520 β249,895 247.332 -544,5901,500 47.103 48,181 β250,267 250.547 -569,4851,600 48.035 52,939 β250,597 253.617 -594,6931,700 48.901 57,786 β250,890 256.556 -620,2041,800 49.705 62,717 β251,151 259.374 -646,0011,900 50.451 67,725 β251,384 262.081 -672,0742,000 51.143 72,805 β251,594 264.687 -698,4142,100 51.784 77,952 β251,783 267.198 -725,0092,200 52.378 83,160 β251,955 269.621 -751,8512,300 52.927 88,426 β252,113 271.961 -778,9292,400 53.435 93,744 β252,261 274.225 -806,2412,500 53.905 99,112 β252,399 276.416 -833,7732,600 54.340 104,524 β252,532 278.539 -861,5222,700 54.742 109,979 β252,659 280.597 -889,4782,800 55.115 115,472 β252,785 282.595 -917,6392,900 55.459 121,001 β252,909 284.535 -945,9963,000 55.779 126,563 β253,034 286.420 -974,5423,100 56.076 132,156 β253,161 288.254 -1,003,2763,200 56.353 137,777 β253,290 290.039 -1,032,1933,300 56.610 143,426 β253,423 291.777 -1,061,2833,400 56.851 149,099 β253,561 293.471 -1,090,5473,500 57.076 154,795 β253,704 295.122 -1,119,9773,600 57.288 160,514 β253,852 296.733 -1,149,5703,700 57.488 166,252 β254,007 298.305 -1,179,3223,800 57.676 172,011 β254,169 299.841 -1,209,2303,900 57.856 177,787 β254,338 301.341 -1,239,2884,000 58.026 183,582 β254,515 302.808 -1,269,4954,100 58.190 189,392 β254,699 304.243 -1,299,8494,200 58.346 195,219 β254,892 305.647 -1,330,3434,300 58.496 201,061 β255,093 307.022 -1,360,9794,400 58.641 206,918 β255,303 308.368 -1,391,746
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
4,500 58.781 212,790 β255,522 309.688 -1,422,6514,600 58.916 218,674 β255,751 310.981 -1,453,6844,700 59.047 224,573 β255,990 312.250 -1,484,8474,800 59.173 230,484 β256,239 313.494 -1,516,1324,900 59.295 236,407 β256,501 314.716 -1,547,5465,000 59.412 242,343 β256,774 315β915 -1,579,077
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 13: Ideal gas properties of nitrogen atom, N
MW = 14.01, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 472,629
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 20.790 β2,040 472,008 144.889 441,611298 20.786 0 472,629 153.189 426,979300 20.786 38 472,640 153.317 426,672400 20.786 2,117 473,259 159.297 411,027500 20.786 4,196 473,864 163.935 394,858600 20.786 6,274 474,450 167.725 378,268700 20.786 8,353 475,010 170.929 361,332800 20.786 10,431 475,537 173.705 344,096900 20.786 12,510 476,027 176.153 326,601
1,000 20.786 14,589 476,483 178.343 308,8751,100 20.792 16,668 476,911 180.325 290,9401,200 20.795 18,747 477,316 182.134 272,8151,300 20.795 20,826 477,700 183.798 254,5181,400 20.793 22,906 478,064 185.339 236,0601,500 20.790 24,985 478,411 186.774 217,4531,600 20.786 27,064 478,742 188.115 198,7091,700 20.782 29,142 479,059 189.375 179,8341,800 20.779 31,220 479,363 190.563 160,8361,900 20.777 33,298 479,656 191.687 141,7222,000 20.776 35,376 479,939 192.752 122,5012,100 20.778 37,453 480,213 193.766 103,1732,200 20.783 39,531 480,479 194.733 83,7472,300 20.791 41,610 480,740 195.657 64,2282,400 20.802 43,690 480,995 196.542 44,6182,500 20.818 45,771 481,246 197.391 24,9232,600 20.838 47,853 481,494 198.208 5,1412,700 20.864 49,938 481,740 198.995 -14,7202,800 20.895 52,026 481,985 199,754 -34,6562,900 20.931 54,118 482,230 200.488 -54,6683,000 20,974 56,213 482,476 201.199 -74,7553,100 21.024 58,313 482,723 201.887 -94,9083,200 21.080 60,418 482,972 202.555 -115,1293,300 21.143 62,529 483,224 203.205 -135,4193,400 21.214 64,647 483,481 203.837 -155,7703,500 21.292 66,772 483,742 204.453 -176,1853,600 21.378 68,905 484,009 205.054 -196,6603,700 21.472 71,048 484,283 205.641 -217,1953,800 21.575 73,200 484,564 206.215 -237,7883,900 21.686 75,363 484,853 206.777 -258,4384,000 21.905 77,537 485,151 207.328 -279,1464,100 21β934 79,724 485,459 207.868 -299,9064,200 22.071 81,924 485,779 208.398 -320,7194,300 22.217 84,139 486,110 208.919 -341,5844,400 22.372 86,368 486,453 209.431 -362,499
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
4,500 22.536 88,613 486,811 209.936 -383,4704,600 22.709 90,875 487,184 210.433 -404,4884,700 22.891 93,155 487,573 210.923 -425,5544,800 23.082 95,454 487,979 211.407 -446,6714,900 23.282 97,772 488,405 211.885 -467,8365,000 23.491 100,111 488,850 212.358 -489,050
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 14: Ideal gas properties of nitric oxide, NO
MW = 30.01, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 90,297
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 29.374 β2,901 90,234 198.856 47,625298 29.728 0 90,297 210.652 27,523300 29.735 55 90,298 210,836 27,101400 30.103 3,046 90,341 219.439 5,567500 30.570 6,079 90,367 226.204 -16,726600 31.174 9,165 90,382 231.829 -39,635700 31.908 12,318 90,393 236.688 -63,067800 32.715 15,549 90,405 241.001 -86,955900 33.489 18,860 90,421 244.900 -111,253
1,000 34.076 22,241 90,443 248.462 -135,9241,100 34.483 25,669 90,465 251.729 -160,9361,200 34.850 29,136 90,486 254.745 -186,2611,300 35.180 32,638 90,505 257.548 -211,8771,400 35.474 36,171 90,520 260.166 -237,7641,500 35.737 39,732 90,532 262.623 -263,9061,600 35.972 43,317 90,538 264.937 -290,2851,700 36.180 46,925 90,539 267.124 -316,8891,800 36.364 50,552 90,534 269.197 -343,7061,900 36.527 54,197 90,523 271.168 -370,7252,000 36.671 57,857 90,505 273.045 -397,9362,100 36.797 61,531 90,479 274.838 -425,3322,200 36.909 65,216 90,447 276.552 -452,9012,300 37.008 68,912 90,406 278.195 -480,6402,400 37.095 72,617 90,358 279.772 -508,5392,500 37.173 76,331 90,303 281.288 -536,5922,600 37.242 80,052 90,239 282.747 -564,7932,700 37.305 83,779 90,168 284.154 -593,1402,800 37.362 87,513 90,089 285.512 -621,6242,900 37.415 91,251 90,003 286.824 -650,2423,000 37.464 94,995 89,909 288.093 -678,9873,100 37.511 98,744 89,809 289.322 -707,8573,200 37.556 102,498 89,701 290.514 -736,8503,300 37.600 106,255 89,586 291.670 -765,9593,400 37.643 110,018 89,465 292.793 -795,1813,500 37.686 113,784 89,337 293.885 -824,5173,600 37.729 117,555 89,203 294.947 -853,9573,700 37.771 121,330 89,063 295.981 -883,5033,800 37.815 125,109 88,918 296.989 -913,1523,900 37.858 128,893 88,767 297.972 -942,9014,000 37.900 132,680 88,611 298.931 -972,7474,100 37.943 136,473 88,449 299.867 -1,002,6854,200 37.984 140,269 88,283 300.782 -1,032,7184,300 38.023 144,069 88,112 301.677 -1,062,8454,400 38.060 147,873 87,936 302.551 -1,093,054
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
4,500 38.093 151,681 87,755 303.407 -1,123,3544,600 38.122 155,492 87,569 304.244 -1,153,7334,700 38.146 159,305 87,379 305.064 -1,184,1994,800 38.162 163,121 87 184 305.868 -1,214,7484,900 38.171 166,938 86:984 306.655 -1,245,3755,000 38.170 170,755 86,779 307.426 -1,276,078
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 15: Ideal gas properties of nitrogen dioxide, NO2
MW = 46.01, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 33,098
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 32.936 β3,432 33,961 226.016 -15,537298 36.881 0 33,098 239.925 -38,400300 36.949 68 33,085 240.153 -38,880400 40.331 3,937 32,521 251.259 -63,469500 43.227 8,118 32,173 260.578 -89,073600 45.737 12,569 31,974 268.686 -115,545700 47.913 17,255 31,885 275.904 -142,780800 49,762 22,141 31,880 282.427 -170,703900 51.243 27,195 31,938 288.377 -199,246
1,000 52.271 32,375 32,035 293.834 -228,3611,100 52.989 37,638 32,146 298.850 -257,9991,200 53.625 42,970 32,267 303.489 -288,1191,300 54.186 48,361 32,392 307.804 -318,6861,400 54.679 53,805 32,519 311.838 -349,6701,500 55.109 59,295 32,643 315.625 -381,0451,600 55.483 64,825 32,762 319.194 -412,7871,700 55.805 70,390 32,873 322.568 -444,8781,800 56.082 75,984 32,973 325.765 -477,2951,900 56.318 81,605 33,061 328.804 -510,0252,000 56.517 87,247 33,134 331.698 -543,0512,100 56.685 92,907 33,192 334.460 -576,3612,200 56.826 98,583 32,233 337.100 -609,9392,300 56.943 104,271 33,256 339.629 -643,7782,400 57.040 109,971 33,262 342.054 -677,8612,560 57.121 115,679 33,248 344.384 -732,8462,600 57.188 121,394 33,216 346.626 -746,7362,700 57.244 127,116 33,165 348.785 -781,5062,800 57.291 132,843 33,095 350.868 -816,4892,900 57.333 138,574 33,007 352.879 -851,6773,000 57.371 144,309 32,900 354.824 -887,0653,100 57.406 150,049 32,776 356.705 -922,6393,200 57.440 155,791 32,634 358.529 -958,4043,300 57.474 161,536 32,476 360.297 -994,3463,400 57.509 167,285 32,302 362.013 -1,030,4613,500 57.546 173,038 32,113 363.680 -1,066,7443,600 57.584 178,795 31,908 365.302 -1,103,1943,700 57.624 184,555 31,689 366.880 -1,139,8033,800 57.665 190,319 31,456 368.418 -1,176,5713,900 57.708 196,088 31,210 369.916 -1,213,4864,000 57.750 201,861 30,951 371.378 -1,250,5534,100 57.792 207,638 30,678 372.804 -1,287,7604,200 57.831 213,419 30,393 374.197 -1,325,1104,300 57.866 20,204 30,095 375.559 -1,561,6024,400 57.895 224,992 29,783 376.889 -1,400,222
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,500 57.915 230,783 29,457 378.190 -1,437,9744,600 57.925 236,575 29,117 379.464 -1,475,8614,700 57.922 242,367 28,761 380.709 -1,513,8674,800 57.902 ~48,159 28,389 381.929 -1,552,0024,900 57.862 253,947 27,998 383.122 -1,590,2535,000 57,798 259,730 27,586 384.290 -1,628,622
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 16: Ideal gas properties of nitrogen, N2
MW = 28.01, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 0
T
(K)cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 28.793 β2,841 0 179.959 -38,833298 29.071 0 0 191.511 -57,070300 29.075 54 0 191.691 -57,453400 29.319 2,973 0 200.088 -77,062500 29.636 5,920 0 206.662 -97,411600 30.086 8,905 0 212.103 -118,357700 30.684 11,942 0 216.784 -139,807800 31.394 15,046 0 220.927 -161,696900 32.131 18,222 0 224.667 -183,978
1,000 32.762 21,468 0 228.087 -206,6191,100 33.258 24,770 0 231.233 -229,5861,200 33.707 M,118 0 234.146 -252,8571,300 34.113 31,510 0 236.861 -276,4091,400 34.477 34,939 0 239.402 -300,2241,500 34.805 38,404 0 241.792 -324,2841,600 35.099 41,899 0 244.048 -348,5781,700 35.361 45,423 0 246.184 -373,0901,800 35.595 48,971 0 248.212 -397,8111,900 35.803 52,541 0 250.142 -422,7292,000 35.988 56,130 0 251.983 -447,8362,100 36.152 59,738 0 253.743 -473,1222,200 36.298 63,360 0 255.429 -498,5842,300 36.428 66,997 0 257.045 -524,2072,400 36β543 70,645 0 259.598 -552,3902,500 36β645 74,305 0 260.092 -575,9252,600 36β737 77,974 0 261.531 -602,0072,700 36.820 81,652 0 262.919 -628,2292,800 36.895 85,338 0 264.259 -654,5872,900 36.964 89,031 0 265.555 -681,0793,000 37.028 92,730 0 266.810 -707,7003,100 37.088 96,436 0 268.025 -734,4423,200 37.144 100,148 0 269.203 -761,3023,300 37.198 103,865 0 270.347 -788,2803,400 37.251 107,587 0 271.458 -815,3703,506 37.302 111,315 0 272.539 -844,2073,600 37.352 115,048 0 273.590 -869,8763,700 37.402 118,786 0 274.614 -897,2863,800 37.452 122,528 0 275.612 -924,7983,900 37.501 126,276 0 276.586 -952,4094,000 37.549 130,028 0 277.536 -980,1164,100 37.597 133,786 0 278.464 -1,007,9164,200 37.643 137,548 0 279.370 -1,035,8064,300 37.688 141,314 0 280.257 -1,063,7914400 37.730 145,085 0 281.123 -1,091,856
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T
(K)cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,500 37.768 148,860 0 281.972 -1,120,0144,600 37.803 152,639 0 282.802 -1,148,2504,700 37.832 156,420 0 283.616 -1,176,5754,800 37.854 160,205 0 284.412 -1,204,9734,900 37.868 163,991 0 285.193 -1,233,4555,000 37.873 167,778 0 285.958 -1,262,012
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 17: Ideal gas properties of oxygen atom, O
MW = 16.00, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 249,197
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 22.477 β2,176 248,439 152.085 216,604298 21.899 0 249,197 160.945 201,235300 21.890 41 249,211 161.080 200,914400 21.500 2,209 249,890 167.320 184,478500 21.256 4,345 250,494 172.089 167,498600 21.113 6,463 251,033 175.951 150,089700 21.033 8,570 251,516 179.199 132,328800 20.986 10,671 251,949 182.004 114,265900 20.952 12,768 252,340 184.474 95,938
1,000 20.915 14,861 252,698 186,679 77,3791,100 20.898 16,952 253,033 188,672 58,6101,200 20.882 19,041 253,350 190.490 39,6501,300 20β867 21,128 253,650 192.160 20,5171,400 20.854 23,214 253,934 193.706 1,2231,500 20.843 25,299 254,201 195,145 -18,2221,600 20.834 27,383 254,454 196.490 -37,8041,700 20.827 29,466 254,692 197.753 -57,5171,800 20.822 31,548 254,916 198.943 -77,3521,900 20.820 33,630 255,127 200.069 -97,3042,000 20.819 35,712 255,325 201.136 -117,3632,100 20.821 37,794 255,512 202.152 -137,5282,200 20.925 39,877 255,687 203.121 -157,7922,300 20.831 41,959 255,852 204.047 -178,1522,400 20.840 44,043 256,007 204.933 -198,5992,500 20.851 46,127 256,152 205.784 -219,1362,600 20β865 48,213 256,288 206.602 -239,7552,700 20.881 50,300 256,416 207.390 -260,4562,800 20β899 52,389 256,535 208.150 -281,2342,900 20.920 54,480 256,648 208.884 -302,0873,000 20.944 56,574 256,753 209.593 -323,0083,100 20.970 58,669 256,852 210.280 -344,0023,200 20.998 60,768 256,945 210.947 -365,0653,300 21.028 62,869 257,032 211.593 -386,1913,400 21.061 64,973 257,114 212.221 -407,3813,500 21.095 67,081 257,192 212.832 -428,6343,600 21.132 69,192 257,265 213.427 -449,9483,700 21.171 71,308 257,334 214.007 -471,3213,800 21.212 73,427 257,400 214.572 -492,7503,900 21.254 75,550 257,462 215.123 -514,2334,000 21.299 77,678 257,522 215.662 -535,7734,100 21.345 79,810 257,579 216.189 -557,3684,200 21.392 81,947 257,635 216.703 -579,0094,300 21,441 84,088 257,688 217.207 -600,7054,400 21.490 86,235 257,740 217.701 -622,452
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,500 21.541 88,386 257,790 218.184 -644,2454,600 2L593 90,543 257,840 218.658 -666,0874,700 21.646 92,705 257,889 219.123 -687,9764,800 21.699 94,872 257,938 219.580 -709,9154,900 21.752 97,045 257,987 220.028 -731,8955,000 21.805 99,223 258,036 220.468 -753,920
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 18: Ideal gas properties of hydroxyl, OH
MW = 17.01, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 38,985
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 30.140 β2,948 38,864 171.607 1,716298 29.932 0 38,985 183.604 -15,729300 29.928 55 38,987 183.789 -16,097400 29.718 3,037 39,030 192.369 -34,926500 29.570 6,001 39,000 198.983 -54,506600 29.527 8,955 38,909 204.369 -74,681700 29.615 11,911 38,770 208.925 -95,352800 29.844 14,883 38,599 212.893 -116,446900 30.208 17,884 38,410 216.428 -137,916
1,000 30.682 20,928 38,220 219.635 -159,7221,100 31.186 24,022 38,039 222.583 -181,8341,200 31.662 27,164 37,867 225.317 -204,2311,300 32.114 30,353 37,704 227.869 -226,8921,400 32.540 33,586 37,548 230.265 -249,8001,500 32.943 36,860 37,397 232.524 -272,9411,600 33.323 40,174 37,252 234.662 -296,3001,700 33.682 43,524 37,109 236.693 -319,8691,800 34.019 46,910 36,969 238.628 -343,6351,900 34.337 50,328 36,831 240.476 -367,5912,000 34.635 53,776 36,693 242.245 -391,7292,100 34.915 57,254 36,555 243.942 -416,0392,200 35.178 60,759 36,416 245.572 -440,5142,300 35.425 64,289 36,276 247.141 -465,1502,400 35.656 67,843 36,133 248.654 -489,9422,500 35.872 71,420 35,986 250.114 -514,8802,600 36.074 75,017 35,836 251.525 -539,9632,700 36.263 78,634 35,682 252.890 -565,1842,800 36.439 82,269 35,524 254.212 -590,5402,900 36.604 85,922 35,360 255.493 -616,0233,000 36.759 89,590 35,191 256.737 -641,6363,100 36.903 93,273 35,016 257.945 -667,3723,200 37.039 96,970 34,835 259.118 -693,2233,300 37.166 100,681 34,648 260.260 -719,1923,400 37.285 104,403 34,454 261.371 -745,2733,500 37.398 108,137 34,253 262.454 -771,4673,600 37.504 111,882 34,046 263.509 -797,7653,700 37.605 115,638 33,831 264.538 -824,1683,800 37.701 119,403 33,610 265.542 -850,6723,900 37.793 123,178 33,381 266.522 -877,2734,000 37.882 126,962 33,146 267,480 60,0274,100 37.968 130,754 32,903 268.417 -930,7714,200 38.052 134,555 32,654 269.333 -957,6594,300 38.135 138,365 32,397 270.229 -984,6354,400 38.217 142,182 32,134 271.107 -1,011,704
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,500 38.300 146,008 31,864 271.967 -1,038,8594,600 38.382 149,842 31,588 272.809 -1,066,0944,700 38.466 153,685 31,305 273.636 -1,093,4194,800 38.552 157,536 31,017 274.446 -1,120,8204,900 38.640 161,395 30,722 275.242 -1,148,3065,000 38.732 165,264 30,422 276.024 -1,175,871
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 19: Ideal gas properties of oxygen, O2
MW = 32.0, hf,298 0(kJ/kmol) = 0
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)200 28.473 β2,836 0 193.518 -41,540298 29.315 0 0 205.043 -61,103300 29.331 54 0 205.224 -61,513
4010 30.210 3,031 0 213.782 -854,235500 31.114 6,097 0 220.620 -104,213600 32.030 9,254 0 226.374 -126,570700 32.927 12,503 0 231.379 -149,462800 33.757 15,838 0 235.831 -172,827900 34.454 19,250 0 239.849 -196,614
1,000 34.936 22,721 0 243.507 -220,7861,100 35.270 26,232 0 246.852 -245,3051,200 35.593 29,775 0 249β935 -270,1471,300 35.903 33,350 0 252.796 -295,2851,400 36.202 36,955 0 255.468 -320,7001,500 36.490 40,590 0 257.976 -346,3741,600 36.768 44,253 0 260.339 -372,2891,700 37.036 47,943 0 262.577 -398,4381,800 37.296 51,660 0 264.701 -424,8021,900 37.546 55,402 0 266.724 -451,3742,000 37.788 59,169 0 268.656 -478,1432,100 38.023 62,959 0 270.506 -505,1042,200 38,250 66,773 0 272.280 -532,2432,300 38.470 70,609 0 273.985 -559,5572,400 38.684 74,467 0 275.627 -587,0382,500 38.891 78,346 0 277.210 -614,6792,600 39.093 82,245 0 278.739 -642,4762,700 39.289 86,164 0 280.218 -670,4252,800 39.480 90,103 0 281.651 -698,5202,900 39.665 94,060 0 283.039 -726,7533,000 39.846 98,036 0 284.387 -755,1253,100 40.023 102,029 0 285.697 -783,6323,200 40.195 106,040 0 286.970 -812,2643,300 40.362 110,W 0 288.209 -841,0223,400 40.526 114,112 0 289.417 -869,9063,500 40.686 118,173 0 290.594 -898,9063,600 40.842 122,249 0 291.742 -928,0223,700 40.1994 126,341 0 292.863 -957,2523,800 41.143 130,448 0 293.959 -986,5963,900 41.287 134,570 0 295.029 -1,016,0434,000 41.429 138,705 0 296.076 -1,045,5994,100 41.566 142,855 0 297,101 -1,075,2594,200 41.700 147,019 0 298β104 -1,105,0184,300 41.830 151,195 0 299.087 -1,134,8794,400 41,957 155,384 0 300.050 -1,164,836
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
T(K)
cp0
(kJ/kmolβK)h ht T t, ,β 298
(kJ/kmol)h Tf
0( )
(kJ/kmol)s T
0( )
(kJ/kmolβK)g T0 ( )
(kJ/kmol)4,500 42.079 159,586 0 300.994 -1,194,8874,600 42.197 163,800 0 301.921 -1,225,0374,700 42.312 168,026 0 302.829 -1,255,2704,800 42.421 172,262 0 303.721 -1,285,5994,900 42.527 176,510 0 304.597 -1,316,0155,000 42.627 180,767 0 305.457 -1,346,518
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 20A Constants for the BenedictβWebbβRubin
Units are P in bar(s), v in m3/kmol, R =0.08314 bar m3/kmole K and T in KP = R T/ v + (B2 R TβA2βC2/T2)/ v2 + (B3 R TβA3)/ v3 + A3C6/ v6+ {D3/( v3T2)}(1+E2/ v2)exp(βE2/ v2)
A2 B2 C2x10β6 A3 B3 D3x10β6 C6x1000 E2x100Ammonia 3.839578 0.051646 0.180933 0.104914 0.00072 0.00016 0.004652 1.98Argon 0.83412 0.022283 0.013312 0.029211 0.0021529 0.000809 0.0356 0.2338Benzene 6.5944 0.0503 3.4746 5.6424 0.07633 1.1917 0.7001 2.930Carbon dioxide 2.708886 0.045628 0.114834 0.052375 0.003082 0.007161 0.11271 0.494Carbon Monoxide 1.3587 0.0426 0.008673 0.0371 0.002632 0.001054 0.135 0.6Ethane 4.21072 0.062772 0.181976 0.349742 0.011122 0.033202 0.243389 1.18Ethylene 3.383909 0.055683 0.132881 0.262438 0.0086 0.0214 0.178 0.923Helium 0.04149 0.023661 1.64x10β7 β5.81x10β4 β1.97x10β7 β5.59x10β9 β0.007263 0.00779iβButane 10.36847 0.137544 0.861225 1.96335 0.039998 0.289806 1.07408 3.4iβButylene 9.072094 0.116025 0.939589 1.715169 0.034816 0.278569 0.910889 2.95945iβPentane 12.96575 0.160053 1.7695 3.806059 0.066812 0.704225 1.7 4.63Methane 1.879623 0.0426 0.02287 0.500557 0.0338 0.002579 0.124359 0.6nβButane 10.21856 0.124361 1.006009 1.907296 0.039983 0.3206 1.10132 3.4nβHeptane 17.75317 0.199005 4.808734 10.50233 0.151954 2.502787 4.35611 9nβHexane 14.62894 0.177813 3.363411 7.211176 0.109131 1.53284 2.81086 6.66849Nitrogen 1.208329 0.0458 0.005967 0.015098 0.001982 0.000555 0.291545 0.75nβPentane 12.34107 0.156751 2.149367 4.128888 0.066812 0.83511 1.81 4.75Oxygen 1.518695 0.046524 0.003913 β0.04104 β2.80Eβ05 β0.00021 0.008641 0.359Propane 6.963471 0.097313 0.515003 0.96028 0.0225 0.130712 0.607175 2.2Propylene 6.193333 0.085065 0.445012 0.784331 0.018706 0.103973 0.455696 1.829Sulfurdioxide 2.148 0.026182 0.80146 0.8557 0.014653 0.1148 0.071955 0.59236
Sources: H. W. Cooper and J. Goldfrank, Hydrocarbon Processing, 46(12), 141 (1967); E. P.Gyftopoulos, and G. P. Beretta, Thermodynamics, Foundations and Application, MacmillanPublishing Co., NY, 1991.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 20B: Beatie Bridgemann Equation
P v2 = R T ( v + B0 ( 1β ( b/ v) ) ( 1β c/( vT3))βA0 (1β(a/ v2))May be used when Ο < 0.8 Οc. Units: atm, m3/kmol, K
Gas Ao a Bo b cΓ10β4
Air 1.3012 0.01931 0.04611 β0.01101 4.34Ar 1.2907 0.02328 0.03931 0.0 5.99CH4 2.2769 0.01855 0.05587 β0.01587 12.83C2H4 6.1520 0.04964 0.12156 0.03597 22.68C2H6 5.8800 0.05861 0.09400 0.01915 90.00C3H8 11.9200 0.07321 0.18100 0.04293 120.001βC4H8 16.6979 0.11988 0.24046 0.10690 300.00IsoβC4H8 16.9600 0.10860 0.24200 0.08750 250.00nβC4H10 17.7940 0.12161 0.24620 0.09423 350.00IsoβC4H12 16.6037 0.11171 0.23540 0.07697 300.00nβC5H12 28.2600 0.15099 0.39400 0.13960 400.00NeoβC5H12 23.3300 0.15174 0.33560 0.13358 400.00nβC7H16 54.520 0.20066 0.70816 0.19179 400.00CH3OH 33.309 0.09246 0.60362 0.09929 32.03(C2H5)2O 31.278 0.12426 0.45446 0.11954 33.33CO 1.3445 0.02617 0.05046 β0.00691 4.20CO2 5.0065 0.07132 0.10476 0.07235 66.00H2 0.1975 β0.00506 0.02096 β0.04359 0.0504He 0.0216 0.05984 0.01400 0.0 0.0040I2 17.0 0.0 0.325 0.0 4000.Kr 2.4230 0.02865 0.05261 0.0 14.89N2 1.3445 0.02617 0.05046 β0.00691 4.20Ne 0.2125 0.02196 0.02060 0.0 0.101NH3 2.3930 0.17031 0.03415 0.19112 476.87N2O 5.0065 0.07132 0.10476 0.07235 66.0O2 1.4911 0.02562 0.04624 0.004208 4.80Xe 4.6715 0.03311 0.07503 0.0 30.02
Equation from J. A. Beatie and O.C. Bridgemann, Pro. Roy Am. Acad. Sc., 63,229 (1928).Source: adapted from G. J. Wiley, and R. Sonntag, Fundamentals of Classical Thermdynam-ics, John Wiley & Sons, 1965.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 21: Lee Kesler Constants
Lee Kesler constants for simple (e.g.: Ar, He etc) and reference (octane) fluids. This is a modi-fied form of BWR equation of state applicable for any substance. The equation has 12 con-stants.
PR = (TR/vRβ )(1 + A/vR + B/vR2 + C/vR5 + {b4 /(TR 3 vR2)} { Ξ² + Ξ³/vr2} exp { - Ξ³ /vR2})where A = a1 - a2/TR - a3/TR 2 - a4/TR 3
B = b1 - b2/TR + b3/TR 3C = c1 + c2/TR
Z = PR vR β/TR = PR vRβ/TR = 1 + A/vR + B/vR2 + C/Vr5 + (b4 /(TR 3 vr2)) ( Ξ² + Ξ³/vr2) exp ( β Ξ³/vR2),wref =w octane = 0.398, z(1) = {z(ref) (PR,TR) β z(0) (PR,TR)} /wref , z(PR,TR) = z(0) (PR,TR)+ w z(1)
(PR,TR)
Simple Reference (Octane)
a1 0.1181193 0.2026579a2 0.265728 0.331511a3 0.154790 0.027655a4 0.030323 0.203488b1 0.0236744 0.0313885b2 0.0186984 0.0503618b3 0.0 0.016901b4 0.042724 0.041577c1 0.155488x10β4 0.48736x10β4
c2 0.623689x10β4 0.740336x10β5
Ξ²Ξ²Ξ²Ξ² 0.65392 1.226Ξ³Ξ³Ξ³Ξ³ 0.060167 0.03754
Adapted from R. Sonntag, C. Borgnakke and G. J. Wylen, Fundamentals of Classical Thermo-dynamics, 5th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 22: Pitzer generalized saturation data
TRβ(logPR)(0)
(βIog PR/βΟ) Vaporization Vapor Liquid
βsfg(O)/R βsfg
(1)/R Z(0) Z(1) Z(0) Z(1)
1.00 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.291 β0.090 0.291 β0.0800.99 0.025 0.021 1.29 1.42 0.43 β0.030 0.202 β0.0900.98 0.050 0.042 1.70 1.97 0.47 0.000 0.179 β0.0930.97 0.076 0.064 2.01 2.38 0.51 +0.020 0.162 β0.0950.96 0.102 0.086 2.28 2.71 0.54 0.035 0.148 β0.0950.95 0.129 0.109 2.52 3.00 0.565 0.045 0.136 β0.0950.94 0.156 0.133 2.74 3.28 0.59 0.055 0.125 β0.0940.92 0.212 0.180 3.14 3.80 0.63 0.075 0.108 β0.0920.90 0.270 0.230 3.50 4.29 0.67 0.095 0.0925 β0.0870.89 0.330 0.285 3.82 4.73 0.70 0.110 0.0790 β0.0800.86 0.391 0.345 4.12 5.18 0.73 0.125 0.0680 β0.0750.84 0.455 0.405 4.42 5.64 0.756 0.135 0.0585 β0.0680.82 0.522 0.475 4.72 6.09 0.781 0.140 0.0498 β0.0620.80 0.592 0.545 5.02 6.54 0.804 0.144 0.0422 β0.0570.78 0.665 0.620 5.32 7.00 0.826 0.144 0.0360 β0.0530.76 0.742 0.705 5.64 7.50 0.846 0.142 0.0300 β0.0480.74 0.823 0.800 5.96 9.05 0.864 0.137 0.0250 β0.0430.72 0.909 0.895 6.29 8.56 0.881 0.131 0.0210 β0.0370.70 1.000 1.00 6.64 9.11 0.897 0.122 0.0172 β0.0320.68 1.096 1.12 6.99 9.72 0.911 0.113 0.0138 β0.0270.66 1.198 1.25 7.36 10.3 0.922 0.104 0.0111 β0.0220.64 1.308 1.39 7.73 11.0 0.932 0.097 0.0088 β0.0180.62 1.426 1.54 8.11 11.7 0.940 0.090 0.0068 β0.0150.60 1.552 1.70 8.52 12.4 0.947 0.083 0.0052 β0.0120.58 1.688 1.88 8.93 13.2 0.953 0.077
From G. N. Lewis, and M.Randall, Thermodynamics, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill Inc., NY 1961.Original source K.S. Pitzer et al., J. Am. Chem.Soc., 77, 3439, 1955.
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 23A: LeeβKesler values for Z(0) (TR,PR)
PRTR 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80.3 0.0029 0.0145 0.029 0.0579 0.1158 0.1737 0.2315
0.35 0.0026 0.013 0.0261 0.0522 0.1043 0,1564 0.20840.4 0.0024 0.0119 0.0239 0.0477 0.0953 0.1429 0.1904
0.45 0.0022 0.011 0.0221 0.0442 0.0882 0.1322 0.17620.5 0.0021 0.0103 0.0207 0.0412 0.0825 0.1236 0.1647
0.55 0.9804 0.0098 0.0195 0.039 0.0778 0.1166 0.15530.6 0.9849 0.0093 0.0186 0.0371 0.0741 0.1109 0.1476
0.65 0.9881 0.9377 0.0178 0.0356 0.071 0.1063 0.14150.7 0.9904 0.9504 0.8958 0.0344 0.0687 0.1027 0.1366
0.75 0.9922 0.9598 0.9165 0.0336 0.067 0.1001 0.1330.8 0.9935 0.9669 0.9319 0.8539 0.0661 0.0985 0.1307
0.85 0.9946 0.9725 0.9436 0.881 0.0661 0.0983 0.13010.9 0.9954 0.9768 0.9528 0.9015 0.78 0.1006 0.1321
0.93 0.9959 0.979 0.9573 0.9115 0.8059 0.6635 0.13590.95 0.9961 0.9803 0.96 0.9174 0.8206 0.6967 0.1410.97 0.9963 0.9815 0.9625 0.9227 0.8338 0.724 0.5580.98 0.9965 0.9821 0.9637 0.9253 0.8398 0.736 0.58810.99 0.9966 0.9826 0.9648 0.9277 0.8455 0.7471 0.6138
1 0.9967 0.9832 0.9659 0.93 0.9509 0.7574 0.63531.01 0.9969 0.9837 0.9669 0.9322 0.8561 0.7671 0.65421.02 0.9969 0.9842 0.9679 0.9343 0.861 0.7761 0.6711.05 0.9971 0.9855 0.9707 0.9401 0.8743 0.8002 0.713
1.1 0.9975 0.9874 0.9747 0.9485 0.893 0.8323 0.76491.15 0.9978 0.9891 0.978 0.9554 0.9081 0.8576 0.8032
1.2 0.9981 0.9904 0.9808 0.9611 0.9205 0.8779 0.8331.3 0.9985 0.9926 0.9852 0.9702 0.9396 0.9083 0.87641.4 0.9988 0.9942 0.9884 0.9768 0.9534 0.9298 0.90621.5 0.9991 0.9954 0.9909 0.9818 0.9636 0.9456 0.92781.6 0.9993 0.9964 0.9928 0.9856 0.9714 0.9575 0.94391.7 0.9994 0.9971 0.9943 0.9886 0.9775 0.9667 0.95631.8 0.9995 0.9977 0.9955 0,9910 0.9823 0.9739 0.96591.9 0.9996 0.9982 0.9964 0.9929 0.9861 0.9796 0.9735
2 0.9997 0.9986 0.9972 0.9944 0.9892 0.9842 0.97962.2 0.9998 0.9992 0.9983 0.9967 0.9937 0.991 0.98862.4 0.9999 0.9996 0.9991 0.9983 0.9969 0.9957 0.99482.6 1 0.9998 0.9997 0.9994 0.9991 0.999 0.9992.8 1 1 1.0001 1.0002 1.0007 1.0013 1.0021
3 1 1.0002 1.0004 1.0008 1.0018 1.003 1.00433.5 1.0001 1.0004 1.0008 1.0017 1.0035 1.0055 1.0075
4 1.0001 1.0005 1.001 1.0021 1.0043 1.0066 1.009
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE23A: LeeβKesler values for Z(0) (TR,PR) (continued)
PRTR 1.000 1.200 1.500 2.000 3.000 5.000 7.000 10.0000.30 0.2892 0.3470 0.4335 0.5775 0.8648 1.4366 2.0048 2.85070.35 0.2604 0.3123 0.3901 0.5195 0.7775 1.2902 1.7987 2.55390.40 0.2379 0.2853 0.3563 0.4744 0.7095 1.1758 1.6373 2.32110.45 0.2200 0.2638 0.3294 0.4384 0.6551 1.0841 1.5077 2.13380.50 0.2056 0.2465 0.3077 0.4092 0.6110 1.0094 1.4017 1.98010.55 0.1939 0.2323 0.2899 0.3853 0.5747 0.9475 1.3137 1.85200.60 0.1842 0.2207 0.2753 0.3657 0.5446 0.8959 1.2398 1.74400.65 0.1765 0.2113 0.2634 0.3495 0.5197 0.8526 1.1773 1.65190.70 0.1703 0.2038 0.2538 0.3364 0.4991 0.8161 1.1241 1.57290.75 0.1656 0.1981 0.2464 0.3260 0.4823 0.7854 1,0787 1.50470.80 0.1626 0.1942 0.2411 0.3182 0.4690 0.7598 1.0400 1.44560.85 0.1614 0.1924 0.2382 0.3132 0.4591 0.7388 1.0071 1.39430.90 0.1630 0.1935 0.2383 0.3114 0.4527 0.7220 0.9793 1.34960.93 0.1664 0.1963 0.2405 0.3122 0.4507 0.7138 0.9648 1.32570.95 0.1705 0.1998 0.2432 0.3138 0.4501 0.7092 0.9561 1.31080.97 0.1779 0.2055 0.2474 0.3164 0.4504 0.7052 0.9480 1.29680.98 0.1844 0.2097 0.2503 0.3182 0.4508 0.7035 0.9442 1.29010.99 0.1959 0.2154 0.2538 0.3204 0.4514 0.7018 0.9406 1.28351.00 0.2901 0.2237 0.2583 0.3229 0.4522 0.7004 0.9372 1.27721.01 0.4648 0.2370 0.2640 0.3260 0.4533 0.6991 0.9339 1.27101.02 0.5146 0.2629 0.2715 0,3297 0.4547 0.6980 0.9307 1.26501.05 0.6026 0.4437 0.3131 0.3452 0.4604 0.6956 0.9222 1.24811.10 0.6880 0.5984 0.4580 0.3953 0.4770 0.6950 0.9110 1.22321.15 0.7443 0.6803 0.5798 0.4760 0.5042 0.6987 0.9033 1.20211.20 0.7858 0.7363 0.6605 0,5605 0.5425 0.7069 0.8990 1.18441.30 0.8438 0.8111 0.7624 0.6908 0.6344 0.7358 0.8998 1.15801.40 0.8827 0.8595 0.8256 0.7753 0.7202 0.7761 0.9112 1.14191.50 0.9103 0.8933 0,8689 0.8328 0.7887 0.8200 0.9297 1.13391.60 0.9308 0.9180 0.9000 0.8738 0.8410 0.8617 0.9518 1.13201.70 0.9463 0.9367 0.9234 0.9043 0.8809 0.8984 0.9745 1.13431.80 0.9583 0.9511 0.9413 0.9275 0.9118 0.9297 0.9961 1.13911.90 0.9678 0.9624 0.9552 0.9456 0.9359 0.9557 1.0157 1.14522.00 0.9754 0.9715 0.9664 0.9599 0.9550 0.9772 1.0328 1.15162.20 0.9865 0.9847 0.9826 0.9806 0.9827 1.0094 1.0600 1.16352.40 0.9941 0.9936 0.9935 0.9945 1.0011 1.0313 1.0793 1.17282.60 0.9993 0.9998 1.0010 1.0040 1.0137 1.0463 1.0926 1.17922.80 1.0031 1.0042 1.0063 1.0106 1.0223 1.0565 1.1016 1.18303.00 1.0057 1.0074 1.0101 1.0153 1.0284 1.0635 1.1075 1.18483.50 1.0097 1.0120 0.0156 1.0221 1.0368 1.0723 1.1138 1.18344.00 1.0115 1.0140 1.0179 1.0249 1.0401 1.0747 1.1136 1.1773
Tables 23A to 26 B from B. I. Lee, and M. G. Kesler, A Generalized Thermodynamic Corre-lation Based on Three Parameter Corresponding States, AIChE Journal, 21(3): 510β527,1975. Reproduced by permission of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Β© 1975AIChE. (With permission.)
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 23B: LeeβKesler values for Z (1) (TR, PR)
PRTR 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.80.30 β0.0008 β0.0040 β0.0081 β0.0161 β0.0323 β0.0484 β0.0640.35 β0.0009 β0.0046 β0.0093 β0.0185 β0.0370 β0.0554 β0.0730.40 β0.0010 β0.0048 β0.0095 β0.0190 β0.0380 β0.0570 β0.0750.45 β0.0009 β0.0047 β0.0094 β0.0187 β0.0374 β0.0560 β0.0740.50 β0.0009 β0.0045 β0.0090 β0.0181 β0.0360 β0.0539 β0.0710.55 β0.0314 β0.0043 β0.0086 β0.0172 β0.0343 β0.0513 β0.0680.60 β0.0205 β0.0041 β0.0082 β0.0164 β0.0326 β0.0487 β0.0640.65 β0.0137 β0.0772 β0,0078 β0.0156 β0.0309 β0.0461 β0.0610.70 β0.0093 β0.0507 β0.1161 β0.0148 β0.0294 β0.0438 β0.0570.75 β0.0064 β0.0339 β0.0744 β0.0143 β0.0282 β0.0417 β0.0550.80 β0.0044 β0.0228 β0.0487 β0.1160 β0.0272 β0.0401 β0.0520.85 β0.0029 β0.0152 β0.0319 β0.0715 β0.0268 β0.0391 β0.0500.90 β0.0019 β0.0099 β0.0205 β0.0442 0.1118 β0.0396 β0.0500.93 β0.0015 β0.0075 β0.0154 β0.0326 β0.0763 β0.1662 β0.0510.95 β0.0012 β0.0062 β0.0126 β0.0262 β0.0589 β0.1110 β0.0540.97 β0.0010 β0.0050 β0.0101 β0.0208 β0.0450 β0.0770 β0.1640.98 β0.0009 β0.0044 β0.0090 β0.0184 β0.0390 β0.0641 β0.1100.99 β0.0008 β0.0039 β0.0079 β0.0161 β0.0335 β0.0531 β0.0791.00 β0.0007 β0.0034 β0.0069 β0.0140 β0.0285 β0.0435 β0.0581.01 β0.0006 β0.0030 β0.0060 β0.0120 β0.0240 β0.0351 β0.0421.02 β0.0005 β0.0026 β0.0051 β0.0102 β0.0198 β0.0277 β0.0301.05 β0.0003 β0.0015 β0.0029 β0.0054 β0.0092 β0.0097 β0.0031.10 β0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0007 0.0038 0.0106 0.0231.15 0.0002 0.0011 0.0023 0.0052 0.0127 0.0237 0.0391.20 0.0004 0.0019 0.0039 0.0084 0.0190 0.0326 0.0491.30 0.0006 0.0030 0.0061 0.0125 0.0267 0.0429 0.0611.40 0.0001 0.0036 0.0072 0.0147 0.0306 0.0477 0.0661.50 0.0008 0.0039 0.0078 0.0158 0.0323 0.0497 0.06'71.60 0.0008 0.0040 0.0080 0.0162 0.0330 0.0501 0.0671.70 0.0008 0.0040 0.0081 0.0163 0.0329 0.0497 0.0661.80 0.0008 0.0040 0.0081 0.0162 0.0325 0.0488 0.0651.90 0.0008 0.0040 0.0079 0.0159 0.0318 0.0477 0.0632.00 0.0008 0.0039 0.0078 0.0155 0.0310 0.0464 0.0612.20 0.0007 0.0037 0.0074 0,0147 0.0293 0.0437 0.0572.40 0.0007 0.0035 0.0070 0.0139 0.0276 0.0411 0.0542.60 0.0007 0.0033 0.0066 0.0131 0.0260 0.0387 0.0512.80 0.0006 0.0031 0.0062 0.0124 0.0245 0.0365 0.0483.00 0.0006 0.0029 0.0059 0.0117 0.0232 0.0345 0.0453.50 0.0005 0.0026 0.0052 0.0103 0.0204 0.0303 0.0404.00 0.0005 0.0023 0.0046 0.0091 0.0182 0.0270 0.035
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 23B: LeeβKesler values for Z(1) (TR, PR) (continued)
PRTR 1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 100.30 β0.0806 β0.0966 β0.1207 β0.1608 β0.2407 β0.3996 β0β5572 β0.79150.35 β0.0921 β0.1105 β0.1379 β0.1834 β0.2738 β0.4523 β0.6279 β0.88630.40 β0.0946 β0.1134 β0.1414 β0.1879 β0.2799 β0.4603 β0.6365 β0.89360.45 β0.0929 β0.1113 β0.1387 β0.1840 β0.2734 β0.4475 β0.6162 β0.86060.50 β0.0893 β0.1069 β0.1330 β0.1762 β0.2611 β0.4253 β0.5831 β0.80990.55 β0.0849 β0.1015 β0.1263 β0.1669 β0.2465 β0.3991 β0.5446 β0.75210.60 β0.0803 β0.0960 β0.1192 β0.1572 β0.2312 β0.3718 β0.5047 β0.69280.65 β0.0759 β0.0906 β0.1122 β0.1476 β0.2160 β0.3447 β0.4653 β0.63460.70 β0.0718 β0.0855 β0.1057 β0.1385 β0.2013 β0.3184 β0.4270 β0.57850.75 β0.0681 β0.0808 β0.0996 β0.1298 β0.1872 β0.2929 β0.3901 β0.52500.80 β0.0648 β0.0767 β0.0940 β0.1217 β0.1736 β0.2682 β0.3545 β0.47400.85 β0.0622 β0.0731 β0.0888 β0.1138 β0.1602 β0.2439 β0.3201 β0.42540.90 β0.0604 β0.0701 β0.0840 β0.1059 β0.1463 β0.2195 β0.2862 β0.37880.93 β0.0602 β0.0687 β0.0810 β0.1007 β0.1374 β0.2045 β0.2661 β0.35160.95 β0.0607 β0.0678 β0.0788 β0.0967 β0.1310 β0.1943 β0.2526 β0.33390.97 β0.0623 β0.0669 β0.0759 β0.0921 β0.1240 β0.1837 β0.2391 β0.31630.98 β0.0641 β0.0661 β0.0740 β0.0893 β0.1202 β0.1783 β0.2322 β0.30750.99 β0.0680 β0.0646 β0.0715 β0.0861 β0.1162 β0.1728 β0.2254 β0.29891.00 β0.0879 β0.0609 β0.0678 β0.0824 β0.1118 β0.1672 β0.2185 β0.29021,01 β0.0223 β0.0473 β0.0621 β0.0778 β0.1072 β0.1615 β0.2116 β0.28161.02 β0.0062 0.0227 β0.0524 β0.0722 β0.1021 β0.1556 β0.2047 β0.27311.05 0.0220 0.1059 0.0451 β0.0432 β0.0838 β0.1370 β0.1835 β0.24761.10 0.0476 0.0897 0.1630 0.0698 β0.0373 β0.1021 β0.1469 β0.20561.15 0.0625 0.0943 0.1548 0.1667 0.0332 0.0611 β0.1084 β0.16421.20 0.0719 0.0991 0.1477 0.1990 0.1095 β0.0141 β0.0678 β0.12311.30 0.0819 0.1048 0.1420 0.1991 0.2079 0.0875 0.0176 β0.04231.40 0.0857 0.1063 0.1383 0.1894 0.2397 0.1737 0.1008 0.03501.50 0.0864 0.1055 0.1345 0.1806 0.2433 0.2309 0.1717 0.10581.60 0.0855 0.1035 0.1303 0.1729 0.2381 0.2631 0.2255 0.16731.70 0.0838 0.1008 0.1259 0.1658 0.2305 0.2788 0.2628 0.21791.80 0.0816 0.0978 0.1216 0.1593 0.2224 0.2946 0.2971 0.25761.90 0.0792 0.0947 0.1173 0.1532 0.2144 0.2848 0.3017 0.28762.00 0.0767 0.0916 0.1133 0.1476 0.2069 0.2819 0.3097 0.30962.20 0.0719 0.0857 0.1057 0.1374 0.1932 0.2720 0.3135 0.33552.40 0.0675 0.0803 0.0989 0.1285 0.1812 0.2602 0.3089 0.34592.60 0.0634 0.0754 0.0929 0.1207 0.1706 0.2484 0.3009 0.34752.80 0.0598 0.0711 0.0876 0.1138 0,1613 0.2372 0.2915 0.34433.00 0.0565 0.0672 0.0828 0.1076 0.1529 0.2268 0.2817 0.33853.50 0.0497 0.0591 0.0728 0.0949 0.1356 0.2042 0.2584 0.31944.00 0.0443 0.0527 0.0651 0.0849 0.1219 0.1857 0.2378 0.2994
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 24A: LeeβKesler residual enthalpy values for ((h0 - h) (0)/ (R Tc))
TR PR0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.3 6.045 6.043 6.04 6.034 6.022 6.011 5.9990.35 5.906 5.904 5.901 5.895 5.882 5.87 5.858
0.4 5.763 5.761 5.757 5.751 5.738 5.726 5.7130.45 5.615 5.612 5.609 5.603 5.59 5.577 5.564
0.5 5.465 5.463 4.459 5.453 5.44 5.427 5.4140.55 0.032 5.312 5.309 5.303 5.29 5.278 5.265
0.6 0.027 5.162 5.159 5.153 5.141 5.129 5.1160.65 0.023 0.118 5.008 5.002 4.991 4.98 4.968
0.7 0.02 0.101 0.213 4.848 4.838 4.828 4.8180.75 0.017 0.088 0.183 4.687 4.679 4.672 4.664
0.8 0.015 0.078 0.16 0.345 4.507 4.504 4.4990.85 0.014 0.069 0.141 0.3 4.309 4.313 4.316
0.9 0.012 0.062 0.126 0.264 0.596 4.074 4.0940.93 0.011 0.058 0.118 0.246 0.545 0.96 3.920.95 0.011 0.056 0.113 0.235 0.516 0.885 3.7630.97 0.011 0.054 0.109 0.225 0.49 0.824 1.3560.98 0.01 0.053 0.107 0.221 0.478 0.797 1.2730.99 0.01 0.052 0.105 0.216 0.466 0.773 1.206
1 0.01 0.051 0.103 0.212 0.455 0.75 1.1511.01 0.01 0.05 0.101 0.208 0.445 0.728 0.1021.02 0.01 0.049 0.099 0.203 0.434 0.708 1.061.05 0.009 0.046 0.094 0.192 0.407 0.654 0.955
1.1 0.008 0.042 0.086 0.175 0.367 0.581 0.8271.15 0.008 0.039 0.079 0.16 0.334 0.523 0.732
1.2 0.007 0.036 0.073 0.148 0.305 0.474 0.6571.3 0.006 0.031 0.063 0.127 0.259 0.399 0.5451.4 0.005 0.027 0.055 0.11 0.224 0.341 0.4631.5 0.005 0.024 0.048 0.097 0.196 0.297 0.41.6 0.004 0.021 0.043 0.086 0.173 0.261 0.351.7 0.004 0.019 0.038 0.076 0.153 0.231 0.3091.8 0.003 0,017 0.034 0.068 0.137 0.206 0.2751.9 0.003 0.015 0.031 0.062 0.123 0.185 0.246
2 0.003 0.014 0.028 0.056 0.111 0.167 0.2222.2 0.002 0.012 0.023 0.046 0.092 0.137 0.1822.4 0.002 0.01 0.019 0.038 0.076 0.114 0.152.6 0.002 0.008 0.016 0.032 0.064 0.095 0.1252.8 0.001 0.007 0.014 0.027 0.054 0.08 0.105
3 0.001 0.006 0.011 0.023 0.045 0.067 0.0883.5 0.001 0.004 0.007 0.015 0.029 0.043 0.056
4 0 0.002 0.005 0.009 0.017 0.026 0.033
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 24A: LeeβKesler residual enthalpy values for ((h0 - h) (0)/ (R Tc));(continued)
TR PR1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 10
0.3 5.987 5.975 5.957 5.927 5.868 5.748 5.628 5.4460.35 5.845 5.833 5.814 5.783 5.721 5.595 5.469 5.278
0.4 5.7 5.687 5.668 5.636 5.572 5.442 5.311 5.1130.45 5.551 5.538 5.519 5.486 5.421 5.288 5.154 4.95
0.5 5.401 5.388 5.369 5.336 5.27 5.135 4.999 4.7910.55 5.252 5.239 5.22 5.187 5.121 4.986 4.849 4.638
0.6 5.104 5.091 5.073 5.041 4.976 4.842 4.704 4.4920.65 4.956 4.945 4.927 4.896 4.833 4.702 4.565 4.353
0.7 4.808 4.797 4.781 4.752 4.693 4.566 4.432 4.2210.75 4.655 4.646 4.632 4.607 4.554 4.434 4.303 4.095
0.8 4.494 4.488 4.478 4.459 4.413 4.303 4.178 3.9740.85 4.316 4.316 4.312 4.302 4.269 4.173 4.056 3.857
0.9 4.108 4.118 4.127 4.132 4.119 4.043 3.935 3.7440.93 3.953 3.976 4 4.02 4.024 3.963 3.863 3.6780.95 3.825 3.865 3.904 3.94 3.958 3.91 3.815 3.6340.97 3.658 3.732 3.796 3.853 3.89 3.856 3.767 3.5910.98 3.544 3.652 3.736 3.806 3.854 3.829 3.743 3.5690.99 3.376 3.558 3.67 3.758 3.818 3.801 3.719 3.548
1 2.584 3.441 3.598 3.706 3.782 3.774 3.695 3.5261.01 1.796 3.283 3.516 3.652 3.744 3.746 3.671 3.5051.02 1.627 3.039 3.442 3.595 3.705 3.718 3.647 3.4841.05 1.359 2.034 3.03 3.398 3.583 3.632 3.575 3.42
1.1 1.12 1.487 2.203 2.965 3.353 3.484 3.453 3.3151.15 0.968 1.239 1.719 2.479 3.091 3.329 3.329 3.211
1.2 0.857 1.076 1.443 2.079 2.807 3.166 3.202 3.1071.3 0.698 0.86 1.116 1.56 2.274 2.825 2.942 2.8991.4 0.588 0.716 0.915 1.253 1.857 2.486 2.679 2.6921.5 0.505 0.611 0.774 1.046 1.549 2.175 2.421 2.4861.6 0.44 0.531 0.667 0.894 1.318 1.904 2.177 2.2851.7 0.387 0.466 0.583 0.777 1.139 1.672 1.953 2.0911.8 0.344 0.413 0.515 0.683 0.996 1.476 1.751 1.9081.9 0.307 0.368 0.458 0.606 0.88 1.309 1.571 1.736
2 0.276 0.33 0.411 0.541 0.782 1.167 1.411 1.5772.2 0.226 0.269 0.334 0.437 0.629 0.937 1.143 1.2952.4 0.187 0.222 0.275 0.359 0.513 0.761 0.929 1.0582.6 0.155 0.185 0.228 0.297 0.422 0.621 0.756 0.8582.8 0.13 0.154 0.19 0.246 0.348 0.508 0.614 0.689
3 0.109 0.129 0.159 0.205 0.288 0.415 0.495 0.5453.5 0.069 0.081 0.099 0.127 0.174 0.239 0.27 0.264
4 0.041 0.048 0.058 0.072 0.095 0.116 0.11 0.061
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 24B: LeeβKesler residual enthalpy values for ((h0 β h)(1)/(RTc))
TR PR0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.3 11.098 11.096 11.095 11.091 11.083 11.076 11.0690.35 10.656 10.655 10.654 10.653 10.65 10.646 10.643
0.4 10.121 10.121 10.121 10.12 10.121 10.121 10.1210.45 9.515 9.515 9.516 9.517 9.519 9.521 9.523
0.5 8.868 8.869 8.87 8.872 8.876 8.88 8.8840.55 0.08 8.211 8.212 8.215 8.221 8.226 8.232
0.6 0.059 7.568 7.57 7.573 7.579 7.585 7.5910.65 0.045 0.247 6.949 6.952 6.959 6.966 6.973
0.7 0.034 0.185 0.415 6.36 6.367 6.373 6.3810.75 0.027 0.142 0.306 5.796 5.802 5.809 5.816
0.8 0.021 0.11 0.234 0.542 5.266 5.271 5.2780.85 0.017 0.087 0.182 0.401 4.753 4.754 4.758
0.9 0.014 0.07 0.144 0.308 0.751 4.254 4.2480.93 0.012 0.061 0.126 0.265 0.612 1.236 3.9420.95 0.011 0.056 0.115 0.241 0.542 0.994 3.7370.97 0.01 0.052 0.105 0.219 0.483 0.837 1.6160.98 0.01 0.05 0.101 0.209 0.457 0.776 1.3240.99 0.009 0.048 0.097 0.2 0.433 0.722 1.154
1 0.009 0.046 0.093 0.191 0.41 0.675 1.0341.01 0.009 0.044 0.089 0.183 0.389 0.632 0.941.02 0.008 0.042 0.085 0.175 0.37 0.594 0.8631.05 0.007 0.037 0.075 0.153 0.318 0.498 0.691
1.1 0.006 0.03 0.061 0.123 0.251 0.381 0.5071.15 0.005 0.025 0.05 0.099 0.199 0.296 0.385
1.2 0.004 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.158 0.232 0.2971.3 0.003 0.013 0.026 0.052 0.1 0.142 0.1771.4 0.002 0.008 0.016 0.032 0.06 0.083 0.11.5 0.001 0.005 0.009 0.018 0.032 0.042 0.0481.6 0 0.002 0.004 0.007 0.012 0.013 0.0111.7 0 0 0 0 β0.003 β0.009 β0.0171.8 0 β0.001 β0.003 β0.006 β0.015 β0.025 β0.0371.9 β0.001 β0.003 β0.005 β0.011 β0.023 β0.037 β0.053
2 β0.001 β0.003 β0.007 β0.015 β0.03 β0.047 β0.0652.2 β0.001 β0.005 β0.01 β0.02 β0.04 β0.062 β0.0832.4 β0.001 β0.006 β0.012 β0.023 β0.047 β0.071 β0.0952.6 β0.001 β0.006 β0.013 β0.026 β0.052 β0.078 β0.1042.8 β0.001 β0.007 β0.014 β0.028 β0.055 β0.082 β0.11
3 β0.001 β0.007 β0.014 β0.029 β0.058 β0.086 β0.1143.5 β0.002 β0.008 β0.016 β0.031 β0.062 β0.092 β0.122
4 β0.002 β0.008 β0.016 β0.032 β0.064 β0.096 β0.127
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 24B: LeeβKesler residual enthalpy values for ((h0 β h)(1)/(RTc)) (continued)
TR PR1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 10
0.3 11.062 11.055 11.044 11.027 10.992 10.935 10.872 10.7810.35 10.64 10.637 10.632 10.624 10.609 10.581 10.554 10.529
0.4 10.121 10.121 10.121 10.122 10.123 10.128 10.135 10.150.45 9.525 9.527 9.531 9.537 9.549 9.576 9.611 9.663
0.5 8.888 8.892 8.999 8.909 9.932 8.978 9.03 9.1110.55 8.238 8.243 8.252 8.267 8.298 8.36 8.425 8.531
0.6 7.596 7.603 7.614 7.632 7.669 7.745 7.824 7.950.65 6.98 6.987 6.997 7.017 7.059 7.147 7.239 7.381
0.7 6.388 6.395 6.407 6.429 6.475 6.574 6.677 6.8370.75 5.824 5.832 5.845 5.868 5.918 6.027 6.142 6.318
0.8 5.285 5.293 5.306 5.33 5.385 5.506 5.632 5.8240.85 4.763 4.771 4.784 4.81 4.872 5.008 5.149 5.358
0.9 4.249 4.255 4.268 4.298 4.371 4.53 4.688 4.9160.93 3.934 3.937 3.951 3.987 4.073 4.251 4.422 4.6620.95 3.712 3.713 3.73 3.773 3.873 4.068 4.248 4.4970.97 3.47 3.467 3.492 3.551 3.67 3.885 4.077 4.3360.98 3.332 3.327 3.363 3.434 3.568 3.795 3.992 4.2570.99 3.164 3.164 3.223 3.313 3.464 3.705 3.909 4.178
1 2.471 2.952 3.065 3.186 3.358 3.615 3.825 4.11.01 1.375 2.595 2.88 3.051 3.251 3.525 3.742 4.0231.02 1.18 1.723 2.65 2.906 3.142 3.435 3.661 3.9471.05 0.877 0.878 1.496 2.381 2.8 3.167 3.418 3.722
1.1 0.617 0.673 0.617 1.261 2.167 2.72 3.023 3.3621.15 0.459 0.503 0.487 0.604 1.497 2.275 2.641 3.019
1.2 0.349 0.381 0.381 0.361 0.934 1.84 2.273 2.6921.3 0.203 0.218 0.218 0.178 0.3 1.066 1.592 2.0861.4 0.111 0.115 0.108 0.07 0.044 0.504 1.012 1.5471.5 0.049 0.046 0.032 β0.009 β0.078 0.142 0.556 1.081.6 0.005 β0.004 β0.023 β0.065 β0.151 β0.082 0.217 0.6891.7 β0.027 β0.04 β0.063 β0.109 β0.202 β0.223 β0.028 0.3691.8 β0.051 β0.067 β0.094 β0.143 β0.241 β0.317 β0.203 0.1121.9 β0.07 β0.088 β0.117 β0.169 β0.271 β0.381 β0.33 β0.092
2 β0.085 β0.105 β0.136 β0.19 β0.295 β0.428 β0.424 β0.2552.2 β0.106 β0.128 β0.163 β0.221 β0.331 β0.493 β0.551 β0.4892.4 β0.12 β0.144 β0.181 β0.242 β0.356 β0.535 β0.631 β0.6452.6 β0.13 β0.156 β0.194 β0.257 β0.376 β0.567 β0.687 β0.7542.8 β0.137 β0.164 β0.204 β0.269 β0.391 β0.591 β0.729 β0.836
3 β0.142 β0.17 β0.211 β0.278 β0.403 β0.611 β0.763 β0.8993.5 β0.152 β0.181 β0.224 β0.294 β0.425 β0.65 β0.827 β1.015
4 β0.158 β0.188 β0.233 β0.306 β0.442 β0.68 β0.874 β1.097
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 25A: LeeβKesler residual entropy values for ((s0β s) (0)/R)
TR PR0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.3 16.782 16.774 16.764 16.744 16.705 16.665 16.6260.35 15.413 15.408 15.401 15.387 15.359 15.333 15.305
0.4 13.99 13.986 13.981 13.972 13.953 13.934 13.9150.45 12.564 12.561 12.558 12.551 12.537 12.523 12.509
0.5 11.202 11.2 11.197 11.192 11.182 11.172 11.1620.55 0.115 9.948 9.946 9.942 9.935 9.928 9.921
0.6 0.078 8.828 8.826 8.823 8.817 8.811 8.8060.65 0.055 0.309 7.832 7.829 7.824 7.819 7.815
0.7 0.04 0.216 0.491 6.951 6.945 6.941 6.9370.75 0.029 0.156 0.34 6.173 6.167 6.162 6.158
0.8 0.022 0.116 0.246 0.578 5.475 5.468 5.4620.85 0.017 0.088 0.183 0.408 4.853 4.841 4.832
0.9 0.013 0.068 0.14 0.301 0.744 4.269 4.2490.93 0.011 0.058 0.12 0.254 0.593 1.219 3.9140.95 0.01 0.053 0.109 0.228 0.517 0.961 3.6970.97 0.01 0.048 0.099 0.206 0.456 0.797 1.570.98 0.009 0.046 0.094 0.196 0.429 0.734 1.270.99 0.009 0.044 0.09 0.186 0.405 0.68 1.098
1 0.008 0.042 0.086 0.177 0.382 0.632 0.9771.01 0.008 0.04 0.082 0.169 0.361 0.59 0.8831.02 0.008 0.039 0.078 0.161 0.342 0.552 0.8071.05 0.007 0.034 0.069 0.14 0.292 0.46 0.642
1.1 0.005 0.028 0.055 0.112 0.229 0.35 0.471.15 0.005 0.023 0.045 0.091 0.183 0.275 0.361
1.2 0.004 0.019 0.037 0.075 0.149 0.22 0.2861.3 0.003 0.013 0.026 0.052 0.102 0.148 0.191.4 0.002 0.01 0.019 0.037 0.072 0.104 0.1331.5 0.001 0.007 0.014 0.027 0.053 0.076 0.0971.6 0.001 0.005 0.011 0.021 0.04 0.057 0.0731.7 0.001 0.004 0.008 0.016 0.031 0.044 0.0561.8 0.001 0.003 0.006 0.013 0.024 0.035 0.0441.9 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.01 0.019 0.028 0.036
2 0 0.002 0.004 0.008 0.016 0.023 0.0292.2 0 0.001 0.003 0.006 0.011 0.016 0.0212.4 0 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.0152.6 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.009 0.0122.8 0 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.008 0.01
3 0 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.0083.5 0 0 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.004 0.006
4 0 0 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.005
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 25A: LeeβKesler residual entropy values for ((s0β s) (0)/R) (continued)
TR PR1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 10
0.3 16.586 16.547 16.488 16.39 16.195 15.837 15.468 14.9250.35 15.278 15.251 15.211 15.144 15.011 14.751 14.496 14.153
0.4 13.896 13.877 13.849 13.803 13.714 13.541 13.376 13.1440.45 12.496 12.482 12.462 12.43 12.367 12.248 12.145 11.999
0.5 11.153 11.143 11.129 11.107 11.063 10.985 10.92 10.8360.55 9.914 9.907 9.897 9.882 9.853 9.806 9.769 9.732
0.6 8.799 8.794 8.787 8.777 8.76 8.736 8.723 8.720.65 7.81 7.807 7.801 7.794 7.784 7.779 7.785 7.811
0.7 6.933 6.93 6.926 6.922 6.919 6.929 6.952 7.0020.75 6.155 6.152 6.149 6.147 6.149 6.174 6.213 6.285
0.8 5.458 5.455 5.453 5.452 5.461 5.501 5.555 5.6480.85 4.826 4.822 4.82 4.822 4.839 4.898 4.969 5.082
0.9 4.238 4.232 4.23 4.236 4.267 4.351 4.442 4.5780.93 3.894. 3.885 3.884 3.896 3.941 4.046 4.151 4.30.95 3.658 3.647 3.648 3.669 3.728 3.851 3.966 4.1250.97 3.406 3.391 3.401 3.437 3.517 3.661 3.788 3.9570.98 3.264 3.247 3.268 3.318 3.412 3.569 3.701 3.8750.99 3.093 3.082 3.126 3.195 3.306 3.477 3.616 3.796
1 2.399 2.868 2.967 3.067 3.2 3.387 3.532 3.7171.01 1.306 2.513 2.784 2.933 3.094 3.297 3.45 3.641.02 1.113 1.655 2.557 2.79 2.986 3.209 3.369 3.5651.05 0.82 0.931 1.443 2.283 2.655 2.949 3.134 3.348
1.1 0.577 0.64 0.618 1.241 2.067 2.534 2.767 3,0131.15 0.437 0.489 0.502 0.654 1.471 2.138 2.428 2.708
1.2 0.343 0.385 0.412 0.447 0.991 1.767 2.115 2.431.3 0.226 0.254 0.282 0.3 0.481 1.147 1.569 1.9441.4 0.158 0.178 0.2 0.22 0.29 0.73 1.138 1.5441.5 0.115 0.13 0.147 0.166 0.206 0.479 0.823 1.2221.6 0.086 0.098 0.112 0.129 0.159 0.334 0.604 0.9691.7 0.067 0.076 0,087 0.102 0.127 0.248 0.456 0.7751.8 0.053 0.06 0.07 0.083 0.105 0.195 0.355 0.6281.9 0.043 0.049 0.057 0.069 0.089 0.16 0.286 0.518
2 0.035 0.04 0.048 0.058 0.077 0.136 0.238 0.4342.2 0.025 0.029 0.035 0.043 0.06 0.105 0.178 0.3222.4 0.019 0.022 0.027 0.034 0.048 0.096 0.143 0.2542.6 0.015 0.018 0.021 0.028 0.041 0.074 0.12 0.212.8 0.012 0.014 0.018 0.023 0.035 0.065 0.104 0.188
3 0.01 0.012 0.015 0.02 0.031 0.058 0.093 0.1583.5 0.007 0.009 0.011 0.015 0.024 0.046 0.073 0.122
4 0.006 0.007 0.009 0.012 0.02 0.038 0.06 0.1
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 25B: LeeβKesler residual entropy values for ((s0β s) (1)/R)
TR PR0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.3 16.782 16.774 16.764 16.744 16.705 16.665 16.6260.35 15.413 15.408 15.401 15.387 15.359 15.333 15.305
0.4 13.99 13.986 13.981 13.972 13.953 13.934 13.9150.45 12.564 12.561 12.558 12.551 12.537 12.523 12.509
0.5 11.202 11.2 11.197 11.192 11.182 11.172 11.1620.55 0.115 9.948 9.946 9.942 9.935 9.928 9.921
0.6 0.078 8.828 8.826 8.823 8.817 8.811 8.8060.65 0.055 0.309 7.832 7.829 7.824 7.819 7.815
0.7 0.04 0.216 0.491 6.951 6.945 6.941 6.9370.75 0.029 0.156 0.34 6.173 6.167 6.162 6.158
0.8 0.022 0.116 0.246 0.578 5.475 5.468 5.4620.85 0.017 0.088 0.183 0.408 4.853 4.841 4.832
0.9 0.013 0.068 0.14 0.301 0.744 4.269 4.2490.93 0.011 0.058 0.12 0.254 0.593 1.219 3.9140.95 0.01 0.053 0.109 0.228 0.517 0.961 3.6970.97 0.01 0.048 0.099 0.206 0.456 0.797 1.570.98 0.009 0.046 0.094 0.196 0.429 0.734 1.270.99 0.009 0.044 0.09 0.186 0.405 0.68 1.098
1 0.008 0.042 0.086 0.177 0.382 0.632 0.9771.01 0.008 0.04 0.082 0.169 0.361 0.59 0.8831.02 0.008 0.039 0.078 0.161 0.342 0.552 0.8071.05 0.007 0.034 0.069 0.14 0.292 0.46 0.642
1.1 0.005 0.028 0.055 0.112 0.229 0.35 0.471.15 0.005 0.023 0.045 0.091 0.183 0.275 0.361
1.2 0.004 0.019 0.037 0.075 0.149 0.22 0.2861.3 0.003 0.013 0.026 0.052 0.102 0.148 0.191.4 0.002 0.01 0.019 0.037 0.072 0.104 0.1331.5 0.001 0.007 0.014 0.027 0.053 0.076 0.0971.6 0.001 0.005 0.011 0.021 0.04 0.057 0.0731.7 0.001 0.004 0.008 0.016 0.031 0.044 0.0561.8 0.001 0.003 0.006 0.013 0.024 0.035 0.0441.9 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.01 0.019 0.028 0.036
2 0 0.002 0.004 0.008 0.016 0.023 0.0292.2 0 0.001 0.003 0.006 0.011 0.016 0.0212.4 0 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.0152.6 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.009 0.0122.8 0 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.008 0.01
3 0 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.0083.5 0 0 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.004 0.006
4 0 0 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.005
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 25B: LeeβKesler residual entropy values for ((s0β s) (1)/R) (continued)
TR PR1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 10
0.3 16.586 16.547 16.488 16.39 16.195 15.837 15.468 14.9250.35 15.278 15.251 15.211 15.144 15.011 14.751 14.496 14.153
0.4 13.896 13.877 13.849 13.803 13.714 13.541 13.376 13.1440.45 12.496 12.482 12.462 12.43 12.367 12.248 12.145 11.999
0.5 11.153 11.143 11.129 11.107 11.063 10.985 10.92 10.8360.55 9.914 9.907 9.897 9.882 9.853 9.806 9.769 9.732
0.6 8.799 8.794 8.787 8.777 8.76 8.736 8.723 8.720.65 7.81 7.807 7.801 7.794 7.784 7.779 7.785 7.811
0.7 6.933 6.93 6.926 6.922 6.919 6.929 6.952 7.0020.75 6.155 6.152 6.149 6.147 6.149 6.174 6.213 6.285
0.8 5.458 5.455 5.453 5.452 5.461 5.501 5.555 5.6480.85 4.826 4.822 4.82 4.822 4.839 4.898 4.969 5.082
0.9 4.238 4.232 4.23 4.236 4.267 4.351 4.442 4.5780.93 3.894. 3.885 3.884 3.896 3.941 4.046 4.151 4.30.95 3.658 3.647 3.648 3.669 3.728 3.851 3.966 4.1250.97 3.406 3.391 3.401 3.437 3.517 3.661 3.788 3.9570.98 3.264 3.247 3.268 3.318 3.412 3.569 3.701 3.8750.99 3.093 3.082 3.126 3.195 3.306 3.477 3.616 3.796
1 2.399 2.868 2.967 3.067 3.2 3.387 3.532 3.7171.01 1.306 2.513 2.784 2.933 3.094 3.297 3.45 3.641.02 1.113 1.655 2.557 2.79 2.986 3.209 3.369 3.5651.05 0.82 0.931 1.443 2.283 2.655 2.949 3.134 3.348
1.1 0.577 0.64 0.618 1.241 2.067 2.534 2.767 3,0131.15 0.437 0.489 0.502 0.654 1.471 2.138 2.428 2.708
1.2 0.343 0.385 0.412 0.447 0.991 1.767 2.115 2.431.3 0.226 0.254 0.282 0.3 0.481 1.147 1.569 1.9441.4 0.158 0.178 0.2 0.22 0.29 0.73 1.138 1.5441.5 0.115 0.13 0.147 0.166 0.206 0.479 0.823 1.2221.6 0.086 0.098 0.112 0.129 0.159 0.334 0.604 0.9691.7 0.067 0.076 0,087 0.102 0.127 0.248 0.456 0.7751.8 0.053 0.06 0.07 0.083 0.105 0.195 0.355 0.6281.9 0.043 0.049 0.057 0.069 0.089 0.16 0.286 0.518
2 0.035 0.04 0.048 0.058 0.077 0.136 0.238 0.4342.2 0.025 0.029 0.035 0.043 0.06 0.105 0.178 0.3222.4 0.019 0.022 0.027 0.034 0.048 0.096 0.143 0.2542.6 0.015 0.018 0.021 0.028 0.041 0.074 0.12 0.212.8 0.012 0.014 0.018 0.023 0.035 0.065 0.104 0.188
3 0.01 0.012 0.015 0.02 0.031 0.058 0.093 0.1583.5 0.007 0.009 0.011 0.015 0.024 0.046 0.073 0.122
4 0.006 0.007 0.009 0.012 0.02 0.038 0.06 0.1
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 26A: LeeβKesler fugacity coefficient values for (log10 f/P)(0)
TR PR0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.3 β3.708 β4.402 β4.696 β4.985 β5.261 β5.412 β5.5120.35 β2.471 β3.166 β3.461 β3.751 β4.029 β4.183 β4.285
0.4 β1.566 β2.261 β2.557 β2.848 β3.128 β3.283 β3.3870.45 β0.879 β1.575 β1.871 β2.162 β2.444 β2.601 β2.707
0.5 β0.344 β1.04 β1.336 β1.628 β1.912 β2.07 β2.1770.55 β0.008 β0.614 β0.911 β1.204 β1.488 β1.647 β1.755
0.6 β0.007 β0.269 β0.566 β0.859 β1.144 β1.304 β1.4130.65 β0.005 β0.026 β0.283 β0.576 β0.862 β1.023 β1.132
0.7 β0.004 β0.021 β0.043 β0.4 β0.627 β0.789 β0.8990.75 β0.003 β0.017 β0.035 β0.144 β0.43 β0.592 β0.703
0.8 β0.003 β0.014 β0.029 β0.059 β0.264 β0.426 β0.5370.85 β0,002 β0.012 β0.024 β0.049 β0.123 β0.285 β0.396
0.9 β0.002 β0.01 β0.02 β0.041 β0.086 β0.166 β0.2760.93 β0.002 β0.009 β0.018 β0.037 β0.077 β0.122 β0.2140.95 β0.002 β0.008 β0.017 β0.035 β0.072 β0.113 β0.1760.97 β0.002 β0.008 β0.016 β0.033 β0.067 β0.105 β0.1480.98 β0.002 β0.008 β0.016 β0.032 β0.065 β0.101 β0.1420.99 β0.001 β0.007 β0.015 β0.031 β0.063 β0.098 β0.137
1 β0.001 β0.007 β0.015 β0.03 β0.061 β0.095 β0.1321.01 β0.001 β0.007 β0.014 β0.029 β0.059 β0.091 β0.1271.02 β0.001 β0.007 β0.014 β0.028 β0.057 β0.088 β0.1221.05 β0,001 β0.006 β0.013 β0.025 β0.052 β0.08 β0.11
1.1 β0.001 β0.005 β0.011 β0.022 β0.045 β0.069 β0.0931.15 β0.001 β0.005 β0.009 β0.019 β0.039 β0.059 β0.08
1.2 β0.001 β0.004 β0.008 β0.017 β0.034 β0.051 β0.0691.3 β0.001 β0.003 β0.006 β0.013 β0.026 β0.039 β0.0521.4 β0.001 β0.003 β0.005 β0.01 β0.02 β0.03 β0.041.5 0 β0.002 β0.004 β0.008 β0.016 β0.024 β0.0321.6 0 β0.002 β0.003 β0.006 β0.012 β0.019 β0.0251.7 0 β0.001 β0.002 β0.005 β0.01 β0.015 β0.021.8 0 β0.001 β0.002 β0.004 β0.008 β0.012 β0.0151.9 0 β0.001 β0.002 β0.003 β0.006 β0.009 β0.012
2 0 β0.001 β0.001 β0.002 β0.005 β0.007 β0.0092.2 0 0 β0.001 β0.001 β0.003 β0.004 β0.0052.4 0 0 0 β0.001 β0.001 β0.002 β0.0032.6 0 0 0 0 0 β0.001 β0.0012.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.001
3 0 0 0 0 0.001 0.001 0.0023.5 0 0 0 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003
4 0 0 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 26A: LeeβKesler fugacity coefficient values for (log10 f/P)(0) (continued)
TR PR1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 10
0.3 β5.584 β5.638 β5.697 β5.759 β5.81 β5.782 β5.679 β5.4610.35 β4.359 β4.416 β4.479 β4.547 β4.611 β4.608 β4.53 β4.352
0.4 β3.463 β3.522 β3.588 β3.661 β3.735 β3.752 β3.694 β3.5450.45 β2.795 β2.845 β2.913 β2.99 β3.071 β3.104 β3.063 β2.938
0.5 β2.256 β2.317 β2.387 β2.468 β2.555 β2.601 β2.572 β2.4680.55 β1.835 β1.897 β1.969 β2.052 β2.145 β2.201 β2.183 β2.096
0.6 β1.494 β1.557 β1.63 β1.715 β1.812 β1.878 β1.869 β1.7950.65 β1.214 β1.278 β1.352 β1.439 β1.539 β1.612 β1.611 β1.549
0.7 β0.981 β1.045 β1.12 β1.208 β1.312 β1.391 β1.396 β1.3440.75 β0.785 β0.85 β0.925 β1.015 β1.121 β1.204 β1.215 β1.172
0.8 β0.619 β0.685 β0.76 β0.851 β0.958 β1.046 β1.062 β1.0260.85 β0.479 β0.544 β0.62 β0.711 β0.819 β0.911 β0.93 β0.901
0.9 β0.359 β0.424 β0.5 β0.591 β0.7 β0.794 β0.917 β0.7930.93 β0.296 β0.361 β0.437 β0.527 β0.637 β0.732 β0.756 β0.7350.95 β0.258 β0.322 β0.398 β0.488 β0.598 β0.693 β0.719 β0.6990.97 β0.223 β0.287 β0.362 β0.452 β0.561 β0.657 β0.683 β0.6650.98 β0.206 β0.27 β0.344 β0.434 β0.543 β0.639 β0.666 β0.6490.99 β0.191 β0.254 β0.328 β0.417 β0.526 β0.622 β0.649 β0.633
1 β0.176 β0.238 β0.312 β0.401 β0.509 β0.605 β0.633 β0.6171.01 β0.168 β0.224 β0.297 β0.385 β0.493 β0.589 β0.617 β0.6021.02 β0.161 β0.21 β0.282 β0.37 β0.477 β0.573 β0.601 β0.5881.05 β0.143 β0.18 β0.242 β0.327 β0.433 β0.529 β0.557 β0.546
1.1 β0.12 β0.148 β0.193 β0.267 β0.368 β0.462 β0.491 β0.4821.15 β0.102 β0.125 β0.16 β0.22 β0.312 β0.403 β0.433 β0.426
1.2 β0.088 β0.106 β0.135 β0.184 β0.266 β0.352 β0.382 β0.3771.3 β0.066 β0.08 β0.1 β0.134 β0.195 β0.269 β0.296 β0.2931.4 β0.051 β0.061 β0.076 β0.101 β0.146 β0.205 β0.229 β0.2261.5 β0.039 β0.047 β0.059 β0.077 β0.111 β0.157 β0.176 β0.1731.6 β0.031 β0.037 β0.046 β0.06 β0.085 β0.12 β0.135 β0.1291.7 β0.024 β0.029 β0.036 β0.046 β0.065 β0.092 β0.102 β0.0941.8 β0.019 β0.023 β0.028 β0.036 β0.05 β0.069 β0.075 β0.0661.9 β0.015 β0.018 β0.022 β0.028 β0.038 β0.052 β0.054 β0.043
2 β0.012 β0.014 β0.017 β0.021 β0.029 β0.037 β0.037 β0.0242.2 β0.007 β0.008 β0.009 β0.012 β0.015 β0.017 β0.012 0.0042.4 β0.003 β0.004 β0.004 β0.005 β0.006 β0.003 0.005 0.0242.6 β0.001 β0.001 β0.001 β0.001 0.001 0.007 0.017 0.0372.8 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.005 0.014 0.025 0.046
3 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.009 0.018 0.031 0.0533.5 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.008 0.013 0.025 0.038 0.061
4 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.01 β0.016 0.028 0.041 0.064
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 26B: LeeβKesler fugacity coefficient values for (log10 f/P)(1)
TR PR0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.3 β8.778 β8.779 β8.781 β8.785 β8.79 β8.797 β8.8040.35 β6.528 β6.53 β6.532 β6.536 β6.544 β6.551 β6.559
0.4 β4.912 β4.914 β4.916 β4.919 β4.929 β4.937 β4.9450.45 β3.726 β3.728 β3.73 β3.734 β3.742 β3.75 β3.758
0.5 β2.838 β2.839 β2.841 β2.845 β2.853 β2.861 β2.8690.55 β0.013 β2.163 β2.165 β2.169 β2.177 β2.184 β2.192
0.6 β0.009 β1.644 β1.646 β1.65 β1.657 β1.664 β1.6710.65 β0.006 β0.031 β1.242 β1.245 β1.252 β1.258 β1.265
0.7 β0.004 β0.021 β0.044 β0.927 β0.934 β0.94 β0.9460.75 β0.003 β0.014 β0.03 β0.675 β0.682 β0.688 β0.694
0.8 β0.002 β0.01 β0.02 β0.043 β0.481 β0.487 β0.4930.85 β0.001 β0.006 β0.013 β0.028 β0.321 β0.327 β0.332
0.9 β0.001 β0.004 β0.009 β0.018 β0.039 β0.199 β0.2040.93 β0.001 β0.003 β0.007 β0.013 β0.029 β0.048 β0.1410.95 β0.001 β0.003 β0.005 β0.011 β0.023 β0.037 β0.1030.97 0 β0.002 β0.004 β0.009 β0.018 β0.029 β0.0420.98 0 β0.002 β0.004 β0.008 β0.016 β0.025 β0.0350.99 0 β0.002 β0.003 β0.007 β0.014 β0.021 β0.03
1 0 β0.001 β0.003 β0.006 β0.012 β0.018 β0.0251.01 0 β0.001 β0.003 β0.005 β0.01 β0.016 β0.0211.02 0 β0.001 β0.002 β0.004 β0.009 β0.013 β0.0171.05 0 β0.001 β0.001 β0.002 β0.005 β0.006 β0.007
1.1 0 0 0 0 0.001 0.002 0.0041.15 0 0 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.008 0.011
1.2 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.012 0.0171.3 0 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.011 0.017 0.0231.4 0 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.013 0.02 0.0271.5 0 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.014 0.021 0.0281.6 0 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.014 0.021 0.0291.7 0 0.002 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.021 0.0291.8 0 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.014 0.021 0.0281.9 0 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.014 0.021 0.028
2 0 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.013 0.02 0.0272.2 0 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.013 0.019 0.0252.4 0 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.012 0.018 0.0242.6 0 0.001 0.003 0.006 0.011 0.017 0.0232.8 0 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.011 0.016 0.021
3 0 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.023.5 0 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.013 0.018
4 0 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
TABLE 26B: LeeβKesler fugacity coefficient values for (log10 f/P)(1) (continued)
TR PR1 1.2 1.5 2 3 5 7 10
0.3 β8.811 β8.818 β8.828 β8.845 β8.88 β8.953 β9.022 β9.1260.35 β6.567 β6.575 β6.587 β6.606 β6.645 β6.723 β6.8 β6.919
0.4 β4.954 β4.962 β4.974 β4.995 β5.035 β5.115 β5.195 β5.3120.45 β3.766 β3.774 β3.786 β3.806 β3.845 β3.923 β4.001 β4.114
0.5 β2.877 β2.884 β2.896 β2.915 β2.953 β3.027 β3.101 β3.2080.55 β2.199 β2.207 β2.218 β2.236 β2.273 β2.342 β2.41 β2.51
0.6 β1.677 β1.684 β1.695 β1.712 β1.747 β1.812 β1.875 β1.9670.65 β1.271 β1.278 β1.287 β1.304 β1.336 β1.397 β1.456 β1.539
0.7 β0.952 β0.958 β0.967 β0.983 β1.013 β1.07 β1.124 β1.2010.75 β0.7 β0.705 β0.714 β0.728 β0.756 β0.809 β0.858 β0.929
0.8 β0.499 β0.504 β0.512 β0.526 β0.551 β0.6 β0.645 β0.7090.85 β0.338 β0.343 β0.351 β0.364 β0.388 β0.432 β0.473 β0.53
0.9 β0.21 β0.215 β0.222 β0.234 β0.256 β0.296 β0.333 β0.3840.93 β0.146 β0.151 β0.158 β0.17 β0.19 β0.228 β0.262 β0.310.95 β0.108 β0.114 β0.121 β0.132 β0.151 β0.187 β0.22 β0.2650.97 β0.075 β0.08 β0.087 β0.097 β0.116 β0.149 β0.18 β0.2230.98 β0.059 β0.064 β0.071 β0.081 β0.099 β0.132 β0.162 β0.2030.99 β0.044 β0.05 β0.056 β0.066 β0.084 β0.115 β0.144 β0.184
1 β0.031 β0.036 β0.042 β0.052 β0.068 β0.099 β0.127 β0.1661.01 β0.024 β0.024 β0.03 β0.038 β0.054 β0.084 β0.111 β0.1491.02 β0.019 β0.015 β0.018 β0.026 β0.041 β0.069 β0.095 β0.1321.05 β0.007 β0.002 0.008 0.007 β0.005 β0.029 β0.052 β0.085
1.1 0.007 0.012 0.025 0.041 0.042 0.026 0.008 β0.0191.15 0.016 0.022 0.034 0.056 0.074 0.069 0.057 0.036
1.2 0.023 0.029 0.041 0.064 0.093 0.102 0.096 0.0811.3 0.03 0.038 0.049 0.071 0.109 0.142 0.15 0.1481.4 0.034 0.041 0.053 0.074 0.112 0.161 0.181 0.1911.5 0.036 0.043 0.055 0.074 0.112 0.167 0.197 0.2181.6 0.036 0.043 0.055 0.074 0.11 0.167 0.204 0.2341.7 0.036 0.043 0.054 0.072 0.107 0.165 0.205 0.2421.8 0.035 0.042 0.053 0.07 0.104 0.161 0.203 0.2461.9 0.034 0.041 0.052 0.068 0.101 0.157 0.2 0.246
2 0.034 0.04 0.05 0.066 0.097 0.152 0.196 0.2442.2 0.032 0.038 0.047 0.062 0.091 0.143 0.186 0.2362.4 0.03 0.036 0.044 0.058 0.086 0.134 0.176 0.2272.6 0.028 0.034 0.042 0.055 0.08 0.127 0.167 0.2172.8 0.027 0.032 0.039 0.052 0.076 0.12 0.158 0.208
3 0.025 0.03 0.037 0.049 0.072 0.114 0.151 0.1993.5 0.022 0.026 0.033 0.043 0.063 0.101 0.134 0.179
4 0.02 0.023 0.029 0.038 0.057 0.09 0.121 0.163
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Table 27A: Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs energy of formation, entropy, and enthalpy of va-porization at 25ΒΊC and 1 atm.
Substance Formula hf0, s0 ,kJ/kmole
Khfg
0kJ/kmole *TFlame, K
Acetylene (Ethyne) C2H2(g) 226,736 209,170 200.85 2559.4Ammonia NH3(g) β46,190 β16,590 192.33Benzene C6H6(g) 82,930 129,660 269.20 33,830 2354.2Butaneβn C4H10(g) β126,150 β15,170 310.03 21,060 2279.6Carbon C(s) 0 0 5.74 2315.9Carbon dioxide CO2(g) β393,520 β394,380 213.67 971.4Carbon monoxide CO(g) β110,530 β137,156 197.56 2404.2Decaneβn C10H22 β249530 32970 545.7 40020 2287.0Diesel(light) CH1.8(l) -21,506 3706 2286.6Ethane C2H6(g) β84,680 β32,890 229.49 2269.0Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH(g) β235,310 β168,570 282.59 42,340 2246.2Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH(l) β277,690 β174,890 160.70 2203.2Ethylene (Ethene) C2H4(g) 52,280 68,120 219.83 2383.2Ethylene Glycol (CH2OH)2 β389,320 β304470 323.55 52490 2214.9Gasoline CH1.87(l) -3363 4239 2325.3Glucose C6H12O6
β1260,268212 2130.3
Hydrogen H2(g) 0 0 130.57 2060Hydrogen peroxide H2O2(g) β136,310 β105,600 232.63 61,090Hydrogenβmonatomic H(g) 218,000 203,290 114.61Hydroxyl OH(g) 39,040 34,280 183.75Lead Pb(c) 0 0 64.81Lead oxide PbO2(c) β277,400 β217,360 68.6Lead sulfate PbSO4(c) β919,940 β813,200 148.57Manganese Mn(c) 0 0 31.8Manganese dioxide MnO2(c) β520,030 β465,180 53.14Manganese trioxide Mn2O3(c) β958,970 β881,150 110.15Mercuric oxide HgO(c) β90,210 β58,400 70.45Mercury Hg(l) 0 0 77.24Methane CH4(g) β74,850 β50,790 186.16 2450.7Methyl alcohol CH3OH(g) β200,890 β162,140 239.70 37,900 2231.3Methyl alcohol CH3OH(1) β238,810 β166,290 126.80 2157.7Nitric Oxide NO 90,290 86,595 210.65Nitrogen N2(9) 0 0 191.50Nitrogen Dioxide NO2 33,100 51,240 239.91Nitrogenβmonatomic N(g) 472,680 455,510 153.19Nonaneβn C9H20 β228,870 24730 506.4 37,690 2286.4Octaneβiso(g) C8H18(g) β232,191 2279.8Octaneβiso(l) C8H18(l) β263,111 β25948 425.2 31095 2272.1Octaneβn(g) C8Hl8(g) β208,450 17,320 463.67 41,460 2285.7Octaneβn(l) C8H18(l) β249,910 6,610 360.79 2275.4Oxygen O2(g) 0 0 205.04Oxygenβmonatomic O(g) 249,170 231,770 160.95Palmitic Acid(fat) C16H32O2 β834,694 452.37 2259.3Pentaneβn C5H12(9) β146,440 β8,200 348.40 31,410 2282.1Propane C3H8(g) β103,850 β23,490 269.91 15,060 2276.9Propylene (Propene) C3H6(g) 20,410 62,720 266.94 18,490 2346.4
kJ/kmolegf0,kJ/kmoe
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Substance Formula hf0,K
Sulfur S 0 0 32.06Sulfur dioxide SO2(g) β296,842 β300,194 248.12Sulfur trioxide SO3(g) β395,765 β371,060 256.77Sulfuric acid H2SO4(l) β813,990 β690,100 156.90Sulfuric acid (aq, m = 1) β909,270 β744,630 20.1Water(g) H2O(g) β241,820 β228,590 188.72Water(l) H2O(1) β285,830 β237,180 69.95 44,010Zinc Zn(c) 0 0 41.63Zinc oxide ZnO(c) β343,280 β318,320 43.64
Some of the data are from K. Wark, Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers, McGraw HillBook Co., 1995. Originally from the JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Dow Chemical Co.,1971; Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, NBS Technical Note 270β3, 1968; and API Re-search Project 44, Carnegie Press, 1953.*TFlame denotes the adiabatic flame temperature for the fuel burning in in air under chemicalequilibrium. The species that are considered are NO, OH, CO, CO2, H2O, H2, N2, O2. Com-puted using THERMOLAB-1 software (available on the CRC website athttp://www.crcpress.com).
kJ/kmolegf0,kJ/kmoe s
0 ,kJ/kmole hfg
0kJ/kmole *TFlame, K
Silver oxide Ag2O(c) β31,050 β11,200 121.7
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC
Table 27 B: Values of enthalpy of combustion, Gibbs free energy change, entropy change andchemical availability in dry air during combustion of fuels at standard temperature, To = 25ΒΊC,and pressure, po = 1 atm*
Mβhc0
βg0βs0 (βh0 β βg0)/βg0 AvailF
Fuel Formulaol
MJ/kg MJ/kg kJ/kgK % MJ/kmol
Acetylene C2H2 26.038 β48.3 β47.1 β3.7 +2.4 1265.6Benzene C6H6 78.114 β40.6 β40.8 0.5 β0.4 3298.5Carbon (graphite) C 12.011 β32.8 β32.9 0.2 β0.2 410.26Carbon monoxide CO 28.01 β10.1 β9.2 β3.1 +10.1 275.10Ethane C2H6 30.07 β47.5 β48.0 1.5 β1.0 1493.9Ethanol CH5OH 46.069 β27.8 β28.4 2.1 β2.2 1359.6Ethylene C2H4 28.054 β47.2 β46.9 β1. 1 +0.7 1359.6Ethylene glycol(CH2OH)2
62.07 β17.1 β18.6 5.1 β8.1 1226.4
Hydrogen H2 2.016 β120.0 β113.5 β22.0 +5.8 235.2Isooctane C8H18 114.23 β44.7 β45.8 3.7 β2.4 5375.8Methane CH4 16.043 β50.0 β49.9 β0.3 +0.2 830.2MethanolCH3OH 32.042 β21.1 β21.5 1.4 β1.9 722.3nβButane C4H10 58.12 β45.8 β46.6 2.7 β1.7 2802.5nβDecane C10H22 142.29 β44.6 β45.7 3.5 β2.3 6726.4nβHeptaneC7HI6 100.21 β45.0 β45.9 3.2 β2.1 4764.3nβHexane C6H14 86.18 β45.1 β46.1 3.1 β2.0 4110nβNonane C9H20 128.26 β44.7 β45.7 3.4 β2.2 6072.3nβOctane C8H18 114.23 β44.8 β45.8 3.3 β2.2 5418.6nβPentane C5HI2 72.15 β45.4 β46.3 2.9 β1.9 3455.8Propane C3H8 44.097 β46.4 β47.1 2.3 β1.5 2149Propylene C3H6 42.081 β45.8 β45.9 0.4 β0.3 1999.9Sulfur S 32.064 β9.2 β9.3 0.3 β0.9 609.6Sulfur monoxide SO 48.063 β6.3 β5.8 β1.6 +8.5 β
Assumed ambient mole fractions: CO2: 0.0003, H2O: 0.0303, N2: 0.7659; O2, 0.2035.Source: E. P. Gyftopoulos, and G. P. Beretta, Thermodynamics, Foundations and Application,Macmillan Publishing Co., NY, 1991. Originally from the data presented by R. C. Weast, Ed.,CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 66th Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1985;Chemical Availability were calculated by THERMOLAB-1 software (available on the CRCwebsite at http://www.crcpress.com). Other data from A. Bejan, Advanced Engineering Ther-modynamics, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.Each constituent before and after combustion is assumed to be in its ideal gas state at T0 andP0.
kg/km
Β© 2002 by CRC Press LLC