Thinking Thinking ExternallyExternally to to
Solutions for the Solutions for the Underdevelopment Underdevelopment
of Developing of Developing NationsNationsToday’s Topics: Today’s Topics: ““The Third Way”The Third Way”
International PoliticsInternational PoliticsUnited Nations: Human RightsUnited Nations: Human Rights
Typology of the PoorTypology of the Poor
PassivePassive SurvivingSurviving PoliticalPolitical Resisting – SOCIAL MOVEMENTSResisting – SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
Third WayThird Way
Interest GroupsInterest Groups
Focused on:Focused on: Single issueSingle issue Issues that affect only their membersIssues that affect only their members Issues that affect the general public Issues that affect the general public
E.g.?E.g.?
Interest group = lobby Interest group = lobby group = pressure groupgroup = pressure group
Local, national, internationalLocal, national, international
Business, cultural, educational, Business, cultural, educational, environmentalenvironmental
Role of media (reading)Role of media (reading)
Social MovementsSocial Movements
Informal networks of groups and Informal networks of groups and individuals with shared values and individuals with shared values and identity identity LocalLocal GrassrootsGrassroots
NGONGO
Arts (2003) defines non-Arts (2003) defines non-governmental organizations are non-governmental organizations are non-profit, non-violent, organized group profit, non-violent, organized group of people who are not established by of people who are not established by governments and not seeking governments and not seeking government office government office
NGOsNGOs
Think Globally, Act LocallyThink Globally, Act Locally
OR: Think and Act Globally as well OR: Think and Act Globally as well as Locallyas Locally
NGOs are truly a part of the NSMs NGOs are truly a part of the NSMs that reframe local or national issues that reframe local or national issues into global ones into global ones
80s/90s: Explosions of 80s/90s: Explosions of NGOsNGOs
Why?Why?
What would Antrobus say?What would Antrobus say?
foreign donors’ direct funding foreign donors’ direct funding
Yet Another Typology Yet Another Typology
CompliantCompliant
Independent-thinkingIndependent-thinking
Townsend, 2004, 873Townsend, 2004, 873
Compliant Compliant
Comprises of the majority of NGOs Comprises of the majority of NGOs Priority is organizational existence Priority is organizational existence
and survivaland survival Arose as a response from the Arose as a response from the
original explosion of the fundingoriginal explosion of the funding No desire to question development No desire to question development
agendas or articulate alternative agendas or articulate alternative radical or reformist visionsradical or reformist visions
Independent-ThinkingIndependent-Thinking
More concerned with and motivated More concerned with and motivated by making a positive changeby making a positive change
Their concern with organizational Their concern with organizational survival is more a means to an end survival is more a means to an end rather than the end itselfrather than the end itself
Find ways to carve out new and Find ways to carve out new and different visions and spacesdifferent visions and spaces
Typology of NGOs: Why?Typology of NGOs: Why?
Critiques the mainstream characteristics Critiques the mainstream characteristics and questions whether compliant NGOs and questions whether compliant NGOs are even making a significant long term are even making a significant long term difference. difference.
Advocates the necessity for more Advocates the necessity for more independent-thinking NGOsindependent-thinking NGOs
Most importantly, critiques NGOs as Most importantly, critiques NGOs as being simply “an arm of the government”being simply “an arm of the government”
NGOs & State NGOs & State SovereigntySovereignty
Rourke’s Taking SidesRourke’s Taking Sides
If not the state,If not the state,if not the market, if not the market,
if not the “Third Way”if not the “Third Way”
… then who?… then who?
HomeworkHomework Pg. 234 – 238: The Role Pg. 234 – 238: The Role
of Media of Media
Check out:Check out: msjeelani.wordpress.com msjeelani.wordpress.com
Projects due: April 16Projects due: April 16 absolute deadlineabsolute deadline
Test: April 21Test: April 21 Review: MondayReview: Monday
