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“Where science ends, art begins.”

Charles Nègre (1820–1880)

photographer

2008

Georgette ‘george’ Yakman a PhD Student at Virginia Polytechnic and State University presented her paper on the

education theory of STEAM.

STEAM = SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INTERPRETED THROUGH ENGINEERING & THE ARTS, ALL BASED IN

MATHEMATICAL ELEMENTS.

STEM VERSUS STEAM

STEM

•Integrates science, technology, engineering and math to design products and solutions.•Most engaging for students who gravitate towards science and math.•Teachers who do not teach science or math are not involved.

STEAM

•Emphasizes creative problem solving and innovation through language arts, visual arts and performing arts.•Provides new access to science and math for some by tapping creative abilities and expression.•All teachers participate in meaningful whole school involvement.

APPROACHES TO STEAM

• teaching and learning practices when the subjects are purposefully integrated

• one field may be the dominant base field, or all may be blended unilaterally

WORKING MODEL OF STEAM

SHIP BUILDING UNIT

FORENSICS

• Fingerprinting Analysis

• Chromatography

• DNA Jewelry

• Facial Reconstruction

FINGERPRINT PATTERNS

FINGERPRINTING PATTERNS

HISTORY OF FINGERPRINTING1858 Sir William Herschel, British Administrator in District in India, requires fingerprint and signatures on civil contracts.1880 “Nature” an article by Dr. Henry Faulds is published about fingerprints as a means of personal identification and the use of printers ink as a method of obtaining fingerprints.1891 Juan Vucetich in Argentina initiates the fingerprinting of criminals.1892 Anthropologist, Sir Francis Galton, publishes the first book on fingerprints which identifies the individuality and uniqueness of fingerprints. 1892 Jaun Vucetich makes the first criminal fingerprint identification. 1901 Sir Edward Henry develops the first system of classifying fingerprints.1903 Fingerprints began to be used as a reliable means of identification in prison systems.1908 U.S. Military adopts the use of fingerprints. 1924 Formation of ID Division of FBI1980 First computer data base of fingerprints is developed which later became known as the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS).

•a process in which a chemical mixture carried by a liquid or gas is separated into components •separation is a result of differential distribution of the solutes as they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase such as paper, gelatin, or magnesia

CHROMATOGRAPHY

TYPES OF CHROMATOGRAPHY

gas chromatography- technique that can be used to separate organic compounds that are volatile

liquid chromatography - technique that is useful for separating ions or molecules that are dissolved in a solvent

ion exchange chromatography -method for the purification of proteins and other charged molecules, positively charged molecules are attracted to a negatively charged solid support

affinity chromatography- designed to purify a particular protein from a mixed sample.

DNA (DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID)• DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop,

survive and reproduce.

• DNA is found inside a special area of the cell called the nucleus.

• Cell size requires each DNA molecule to be tightly packaged into a chromosome.

• Researchers refer to DNA found in the cell's nucleus as nuclear DNA

• An organism's complete set of nuclear DNA is called its genome

• Humans and other complex organisms have a small amount of DNA in cell structures known as mitochondria which generates the energy the cell needs to function properly

• In sexual reproduction, organisms inherit half of their nuclear DNA from the male parent and half from the female parent

• Organisms inherit all of their mitochondrial DNA from the female parent

FACIAL RECONSTRUCTION

Facial Reconstruction Presentation for Students

http://www.stem-works.com/subjects/3-forensics/activities/70

Facial Reconstruction Kit for Kids

http://www.amazon.com/Planet-Toys-1201-Facial-Reconstruction/dp/B000623MGQ

RESOURCES

http://www.steamedu.com/index.html

http://www.crimescene-forensics.com/History_of_Fingerprints.html

http://www.stem-works.com/subjects/10-crime-scene-investigation/activities