Third English Manual (1)

7/28/2019 Third English Manual (1)

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I N D E X

Unit 1: Lets remember something about the airport ........................................... Page 1

Unit 2: Asking for an address ............................................................................... Page 3

Unit 3: Lets learn something else about shopping .............................................. Page 4

Unit 4: At a hotel .................................................................................................. Page 5

Unit 5: Apartment for rent .................................................................................... Page 6

Unit 6: In the office .............................................................................................. Page 7

Unit 7: Office documents ..................................................................................... Page 11

Unit 8: Passive voice ............................................................................................ Page 12

Unit 9: On vacations! ............................................................................................ Page 15

Unit 10: Phrasal verbs .......................................................................................... Page 17

Unit 11: What do you want to be when you grow up? ........................................ Page 56

Unit 12: Introduction to TOEIC ........................................................................ Page 62

Unit 13: Listening comprehension ....................................................................... Page 67

Unit 14: Describing pictures ................................................................................. Page 68

Unit 15: Logical answers ...................................................................................... Page 73

Unit 16: Short conversations ................................................................................ Page 74

Unit 17: Short talks ............................................................................................... Page 75

Unit 18: Idioms ..................................................................................................... Page 76

Unit 19: Reading comprehension ......................................................................... Page 77

Unit 20: Incomplete sentences .............................................................................. Page 78

Unit 21: Error recognition .................................................................................... Page 81

Unit 22: Understanding documents ...................................................................... Page 82

TOEIC Appendix .................................................................................................. Page 87


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Unit 1: Lets remembersomething about the airport

At the airport

When you first reach the counter, you should give them your ticket and your passport. The

first question they usually ask is how many are traveling with you."Is anybody traveling with you today?"

"Is anybody else traveling with you?"

"Are just you two traveling today?"

All airlines have a list of questions they have to ask you. Let's look at some of thesequestions.

"Did someone you do not know ask you to take something on the plane with you?"

"Did you have possession of your luggage since you packed?"

"Did you leave your luggage unattended at all in the airport?"

"Are you carrying any weapons or firearms?"

"Are you carrying any flammable material?"

"Do you have any perishable food items?"

"How many suitcases are you checking in?"

"Do you have a carry on?"

"Can you place your baggage up here?"

"How many carry on bags are you taking with you?"

Afterwards, they might ask if you prefer an aisle seat or a window seat.

"Do you prefer window or aisle?"

If they are out of aisle seats, they will ask you if window is ok.

Example:

"We do not have any aisle seats remaining. Is a window seat ok with you or would youprefer a middle seat?"


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Some people like to be by the emergency exit. You can ask for that seat.

"Do you have a seat next to the emergency exit?"

"Can I have a seat closest to the emergency exit?"

If they do, then you will get a seat by the exit, but if they don't, they will try to give you onethat is close.

"All the seats next to the exit have been taken. I have a seat directly in front of it. Wouldyou like that one?"

Finally, they will tell you the gate number and the boarding time.

"Here are your tickets. The gate number is at the bottom of the ticket. They will startboarding 20 minutes before the departure time. You should report to gate C2 by then. C2 isaround the corner and down the hall. Thank you and enjoy your trip."

Dear students, is everything tickety-boo?

How did you feel, did you remember all your tenses?

Now please practice your pronunciation and fluency pretending to be passengers.

Finally, lets try with a poem.

In The Park

She sits in the park. Her clothes are out of date.Two children whine and bicker, tug her skirt.A third draws aimless patterns in the dirt.Someone she loved once passed bytoo late.

To feign indifference to that casual nod.How nice etcetera. Time holds great surprises.From his neat head unquestionably risesa small balloonbut for the grace of God

They stand a while in flickering light, rehearsingthe childrens names and birthdays. Its so sweetto hear their chatter, watch them grow and thrive,she says to his departing smile. Then, nursingthe youngest child, sits staring at her feet.To the wind she says, They have eaten me alive.

By Gwen Harwood.


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Unit 2: Asking for an address

Lets check the translation and practice the next dialogue:

Be careful with the first sentence and review with your professor the difference between:Where is it? and Where it is?

Which one is correct, what about the grammatical structures?

Before continue, be sure that you dont have any doubt or questions.

Dialogue one:

Edward: Excuse me; I'm looking for Holiday Inn Hotel. Do you know where it is?

Mary: Sure. It is down this street on the left.

Edward: Is it far from here?

Mary: No, it is not far.

Edward: How far is it?

Mary: About a mile and a half.

Edward: How long does it take to get there?

Mary: 5 minutes or so.

Edward: Is it close to the subway station?

Mary: Yes, it is very close. The subway station is next to the hotel. You can walk there.

Edward: Thanks a lot.


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Unit 3: Lets learn something else about shopping

Lets go to the mall.

Beth: Where are you going John?

John: I am going to fashion mall. Would you accompany me?

Beth: Id love to go. But today I dont have any money.

John: Dont worry, I have. I got my salary yesterday.

Beth: What do you want to buy?

John: I have to buy jeans. We can also enjoy ice-cream.

Beth: I also have to shop for a couple of dresses. Ill return your money tomorrow.

John: Lets go.

Beth: Shall we go on bike? Where is your car?

John: It is easy to park a bike. Wont you sit on bike with me?

Beth: I feel uncomfortable on a bike.

John: OK, well go in the car then.

Directions: Now, please write your own conversation and practice different situations usingthe images. Get something for a boy, a girl and of course for you.

Try to buy something in this clothing store & a toy for children in a toy shop:


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Unit 4: At a hotel

Booking by phone:

A: Good morning, youre calling to Rans Hotel, could we help you?

B: Yes, I would like a room from the 1st through the 3rd of September, please.A: What kind of room would you like?B: Id like a twin room, please.A: Hold on, please. Ready, thank you very much. What name do I book?B: Mr. Hamilton, please. Excuse me, how much for the twin room?A: Ninety dollars, before tax.B: Does that include meals?A: Yes, of course Sir.B: OK, Ill take a room.A: Ill need to get your credit card information, please.

Checking in:

A: Hi, my name is Edward Hamilton and shes my wife. We have a reservation.B: Let me check. OK, welcome Mr. Hamilton and Mrs. Hamilton. May I have your creditcard, please?A: Yes, of course. Do we pay now or when we check out?B: In advance, please.A: Here you go.B: You are in room 502. Please, let our bellboy help you with your luggage.A: Youre so kind, thank you very much.B: Please, follow me. The lifts are just around the corner.A: Many thanks.B: Is there anything else we can do to help you enjoy your stay?A: Everything is okay, thank you. Oh, by the way, does this hotel have a shuttle bus todowntown?B: No, Im afraid we dont, but we will be happy to call a taxi for you when you needed.

Calling the front desk:

A: Good evening, Im in 502 and I will need a taxi tomorrow at 8:00 oclock, please.B: Correct Sir, leave it to us.A: Can you give me a wake-up call at 7:00?B: Certainly, do you need something else?A: Yes, do the rooms come equipped with irons?B: No, but they are available free of charge here at the front desk.A: Can you send it up, please?B: Sure thing. Our bellboy should be up there in 5 more minutes.A: OK, thanks for everything.B: Enjoy your stay, and dont hesitate to call, if there is something else we can do for you.

Please develop further your conversation skills working in teams.


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Unit 5: Apartment for rent

Last month, I decided to move out of my parents' place and start living on my own.

I searched in the newspaper for apartment listings and found a place not too far from my

work. The landlord showed me around the apartment, and because it suited my needs, Isigned the rental agreement and paid a deposit, some of which I might get back when Imove out.

The apartment has two bedrooms, one bathroom, a living room, and kitchen. It also has asmall utility room where I keep my washer and dryer. Right before I moved in, thelandlord put in new carpet and had the walls painted, so it looks like a new place.

The rent is $650 a month, not including utilities. I pay about $100 for gas, electricity,water, sewage, and Internet service.

Unfortunately, the apartment complex doesn't allow pets, so my dog has to stay with myparents for now.

I might get a roommate at some point to share expenses, but I haven't decided on that yet.

The place looks a little empty because it isn't furnished, but for the time being, I only havethe basics: a bed, a table, a small sofa in the living room, and a TV.

It's not as livable and cozy as my parents' place, but it will have to do for now.

Now, please review the vocabulary above and then move on for speaking practice.

Renting a Place of Your Own

Discussion

What is the process of finding an apartment in your hometown? Can you contact thelandlord directly, or do you have to go through a real estate agent? On average, how muchdoes it cost to rent a 1-bedroom apartment? Are most apartments already furnished, or doyou have to furnish it yourself?

Role Play

Imagine that you have lived with your roommates for six months, but you've decided tomove out because they haven't taken care of the place . . . pizza boxes tossed everywhere,dirty socks on the kitchen table, and a pet snake loose somewhere in the sofa.

Directions: Tell your partner about your current situation, and then explain what kind ofplace you are looking for.

Just figured that one is the proprietor and the other one is looking for a flat.


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Unit 6: In the office

Now lets review some vocabulary.

Directions: On your right hand write the meaning and at the bottom complete the table

adding more examples in English and in Spanish.Adhesive tapeBallpoint penBinder clipBlock of paperBoxBoard eraserBriefcaseCalculatorCalendar

ChairComputerDeskDesk tidy (GB)DrawerDrawing pin (GB)Eraser (US)EnvelopeFax machineFileFiling cabinet

FolderFountain penGlueHighlighter penIn tray (GB), in box (US)InkInk cartridgeKeyboardMarkerMonitorMouseOut tray (GB), out box (US)Overhead projector, OHPPaperPaperclipPenPencilPencil holder


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PhotocopierPhotocopyPinPrinterPunch, hole punch

Rubber (GB)Rubber bandRubber stampRulerScissorsScotch tape (US), Sellotape (GB)Sheet of paperStampStaplerStaple removerTelephone

Thumbtack (US)TonerTypewriterType WheelWastepaper basketWhiteboardWhiteboard marker


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Dialogue in the office

Directions: Please, translate and practice your conversation.

Rut: Hello buddy, good morning.

Arthur: Hello Rut, nice to see you! How are you?

Rut: Fine, many thanks. Has our boss come?

Arthur: Yes, he has come earlier today.

Rut: Did he ask anything about me? I missed the bus, hence late.

Arthur: Yes. He asked if you had not come also asked me to tell you to meet him.

Rut: Alright, and what about Kenya? Her seat is vacant.

Arthur: She has gone to the accounts section.

Rut: What for?

Arthur: To see whether she is eligible for house loan.

Rut: Poor woman she is suffering like anything.

Arthur: Why?

Rut: She ought not to have had such a huge family.

Arthur: Has she not undergone family planning?


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Rut: My meaning is not that. She has her sisters children to support with.

Arthur: Oh, I see.

Rut: And what about you Arthur, how are you?

Arthur: Fine thank you. But I am not peaceful nowadays.

Rut: Why havent you found out a way to escape from paying the interest?

Arthur: No. The lenders are not soft hearted.

Rut: It is a pity that our colleagues themselves do not have such tendency.

Arthur: Neither we should lend nor we should borrow.

Rut: But we can help them at times without interest.

Arthur: That is right. We must prove Friend in need is a friend indeed.

Rut: Well, I have a lot of work.

Arthur: So do I, lets move on!

Rut: Thank you very much for helping me.

Arthur: Dont mention it. It was my pleasure.

Rut: See you later.

Arthur: So long.


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Unit 7: Office documents

Directions: Please translate the next memo:

Directions: Now please compose a formal letter informing employees celebrating theanniversary party of the company.

Write it down in your notebook and try to use the correct format and vocabulary for it.


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Unit 8: Passive voice

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or it is not known,however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know,however, who did it.

Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the followingexample shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone.

Example: You have made a mistake.

Form of PassiveSubject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Eg: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentenceThe finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or isdropped)

Example Table 1

Tense Subject Verb Object

SimplePresent

Active: Rita Writes a letter.

Passive: A letter is written by Rita.SimplePast

Active: Rita Wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written by Rita.PresentPerfect

Active: Rita has written a letter.

Passive: A letter has been written by Rita.Future I Active: Rita will write a letter.Passive: A letter will be written by Rita.Hilfsverben Active: Rita can write a letter.Passive: A letter can be written by Rita.


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Please, practice with more sentences before you work with the second table.

Example Table 2

Tense Subject Verb Object

PresentProgressive Active: Rita is writing a letter.Passive: A letter is being written by Rita.PastProgressive

Active: Rita was writing a letter.

Passive: A letter was being written by Rita.Past Perfect Active: Rita had written a letter.Passive: A letter had been written by Rita.Future II Active: Rita will have written a letter.Passive: A letter will have been written by Rita.Conditional

I

Active: Rita would write a letter.

Passive: A letter would be written by Rita.ConditionalII

Active: Rita would have written a letter.

Passive: A letter would have beenwritten

by Rita.

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two

objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transforminto a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.

Example Table 3

Subject Verb Object 1 Object 2

Active: Rita Wrote a letter to me.Passive: A letter was written to me by Rita.Passive: I was written a letter by Rita.

As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. Thats why it

is usually dropped.

Personal and Impersonal Passive

Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subjectof the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form apersonal passive.


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Example: They build houses.Houses are built.

Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passivesentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If youwant to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction

therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive.Example: He says.It is said.

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German,Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say,think, know).

Example: They say that women live longer than men. It is said that women live longerthan men.

Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. Women are said to live longer thanmen.

The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; theverb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using aninfinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped).

Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of anactive sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence.

Directions: Please, rewrite the next sentences in passive:

1. Antares draws a cartoon.2. Antares drew a cartoon.3. Antares is drawing a cartoon.4. Antares was drawing a cartoon.5. Antares has drawn a cartoon.6. Antares had drawn a cartoon.7. Antares will draw a cartoon.8. Antares is going to draw a cartoon.9. Antares can draw a cartoon.10. Antares will have drawn a cartoon.11. Antares would draw a cartoon.12. Antares would have drawn a cartoon.13. Antares drew a cartoon for me.14. Antares drew a cartoon of dinosaurs.15. He draws.

Be careful with the last sentence, remember the information you have seen.


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Unit 9: On vacations!

Planning a trip

Mark: Hello, I want to talk to Paul, please.

Paul: Hello, do you have any business for me?Mark: Today is Saturday. I will take you on a trip.Paul: Where are we going?Mark: We are going to Dream Word.Paul: Where will I meet you?Mark: At school. I will wait for you there.Paul: Is there anyone else who will go to Dream Word?Mark: No one is free.Paul: Do they sell food there?Mark: I am not sure. I think they do.Paul: Oh! I forgot that on Saturday I don't have any freetime. Can we change the trip toSunday?Mark: Yes.Paul: Will we go to Dream Word by bus?Mark: By taxi.Paul: How will we pay?Mark: You pay half and I will pay half.Paul: How much money is it?Mark: About 60 bucks altogether.Paul: What time should I meet you?Mark: About 10 o'clock tomorrow.Paul: O.K., I won't forget it.Mark: I won't forget it either. See you tomorrow.

Directions: Please, practice the next dialogue:

Fay: Hi Jerry. The school year is almost over. Do you have any plans for the summerholiday?

Jerry: I'm planning on sleeping all day, every day!

Fay: Oh, come on Jerry, you must be kidding.

Jerry: Yeah, I'm just pulling your leg. Actually, I'm going to go down to Guizhou Province.

Fay: Really? Why would you go to Guizhou? It's not a very popular tourist site.

Jerry: Exactly! It's not very popular, so it won't be too crowded. I enjoyed my trip to theGreat Wall, but there were so many people there. I think it spoiled the atmosphere a bit.

Fay: I'm sure Guizhou won't be so crowded. But won't it be too hot in the summer?


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Jerry: No, according to one of my students, it's very cool in the summer. He said it is"naturally air conditioned".

Fay: Well, that sounds good. I wouldn't mind getting away from the Beijing heat myself.Still, I wonder... is there anything worth seeing in Guizhou?

Jerry: Sure! For one thing, there's the beautiful natural scenery. I'm sure you've heard ofthe Huang Guo Shu Waterfalls. There's also the Maling Gorge which is said to bespectacular. There are mountains everywhere in Guizhou, even in the capital city ofGuiyang.

Fay: Yes, I have heard of Huang Guo Shu Pubu, but won't you get bored just looking at thescenery?

Jerry: Come on Fay, there's lots of things to do. I can go hiking in Qian Ling Park inGuiyang, visit Miao villages in the southeast, and I know you've heard of Zunyi, a veryhistorical city. It's where Mao Ze Dong first became the leader of the Red Army.

Fay: Gee, when you describe it like that, it sounds really interesting!

Jerry: And that's not all. I'll be able to eat very delicious, spicy food, drink world-famousmaotai, and my student told me I can meet some very beautiful women there!

Fay: I'm sure you'll have fun Jerry, but let me give you some advice. Be sure to hold ontoyour wallet AND your heart!

Jerry: We'll see what happens!

Fay: Do you have a place to stay in Guizhou?

Jerry: Yes, I'm very lucky. My student's sister is the manager of the Guizhou Park Hotel,the best hotel in the province. I've seen some pictures on the Internet, it's really nice! But Ithink outside Guiyang, I'll stay in a Miao village or maybe buy a tent and go camping.

Fay: That's great, Jerry. I'm looking forward to seeing your photos when you get back.

Now dear students, you are ready to expose your dreaming trip to class.

Choose a destiny and prepare carefully your exposition. Certainly, you can do it!


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Unit 10: Phrasal verbs

Introduction to Phrasal Verbs:

Phrasal verbs are verbs with more than one word.

Examples: pick up, put down, turn on, turn offPhrasal verbs are also called "two-part verbs" and "three-part verbs."

Phrasal verbs have a different meaning than their one-word counterparts.

For example:Pick means to choose, but pick up means to lift something.Get means to obtain something, but get along with means to have a good relationship withsomeone.

Just a simple particle like: up or along with makes an entirely new meaning, and forthat reason, its very important to learn about phrasal verbs. Learning these phrasal verbsexpands your vocabulary greatly.

Phrasal verbs can be used in any tense simple present or past, present perfect, etc. Theycan also be used with modals, and used in the passive voice.

Examples: call up (s) = to telephone someone Present: I call up my friend every day. Past:I called my sister up yesterday. Present perfect: I havent called my brother up for a longtime. Modal: I would call him up, but hes never home. Passive: Hes been called up by

many people, but hes never available to talk on the phone.

There are two types of phrasal verbs: separable and non separable.

Non separable phrasal verbs are also called "inseparable". Non separable phrasal verbsmust always remain together:

Example: take off (n) = to departCORRECT: The plane took off at noon. (verb + particle together)INCORRECT: The plane took at noon off. (both words MUST be together)

Separable phrasal verbs can be written three different ways:

Example: take off (s) to remove clothingCORRECT: Sara took off her jacket. (verb + particle together)CORRECT: Sara took her jacket off. (verb + particle separated by noun)CORRECT: Sara took it off. (verb + particle separated with a pronoun)INCORRECT: Sara took off it. (the pronoun MUST be in the middle)

Abbreviations used in the next phrasal verbs tables: (N) = non-separable phrasal verb and(S) = separable phrasal verb


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Phrasal Verb: SN

Meaning: Examples:

ACT LIKE N to act in a certain mannerto behave like --

Mary is acting like my

friend, but she isnt.

My brother was acting

like a wild animal last

night.ACT UP N to behave badly The children acted up in

class today.

ACT UP N to work improperly My computer has beenacting up lately. It needsto be repaired.

ADD ON S to increase something Our house was too small,so we added anotherbedroom on.

ADD UP S to find the amountto calculate a total figure

A) How much is the tax?

B) I don't know. I'll haveto add it up.

ADD UP TO N to find the total A) All of those itemsadd up to $550.00.B) That's a lot of money!

ASK OUT S to invite someone on a date That handsome boy askedme out. We're going tosee a movie together.

BACK AWAY N to retreat The people backed awayfrom the tiger.

BACK DOWN N to not follow a threat Terry was going to hit

the man, but then hebacked down when he sawthat the man was muchbigger than he is!

BACK OFF N to move in reverse; movebackwards

You are crowding me.

Please back up a fewsteps.Harry backed off when

Susan came near.

BACK UP S to drive a vehicle in reverse;move backwards

She backed the car up tothe garage door.

When he backed up, hetripped over a shoe.

BACK UP S to make a protection copy Don't forget to backyour computer files up!

BACK UP S to confirm facts; support Frank backed Mary'sstory up. He told us thesame facts that Mary toldus.


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BEAT UP S to hurt someone by hittingand/or kicking the personrepeatedly

The men in the pub were

trying to beat each otherup. It was a terrible fight!My brother and I used to

beat each other up.

BEG OFF N to ask to be excused fromsomething My friends weresupposed to come over fordinner, but they beggedoff.

BEND OVER N to bend at the waist Sam hurt his back whenhe bent over to pick up hisshoes.

BLEND IN

WITH

N to match the surroundings New immigrants oftentry to blend in with thecitizens of a country.

BLOW UP S to explode; destroy with an

explosion

The bomb blew the room

up, but nobody was hurt.The socket blew up when

I plugged the fan in.

BLOW UP N to explode with anger;to suddenly become angry

Maxine blew up when I

told her I lost her newCD.I dont appreciate you

blowing up at me.

BLOW UP S to inflate something The clown blew up theballoons.The clown blew the

balloons up.He blew them up.

BONE UP ON N to study something intenselyfor a short time; to refreshone's memory withinformation

Nick's study group boned

up on prepositions beforethe test.Gina hadnt studied verbs

for a long time, so sheboned up on them torefresh her memory.

BOSS AROUND S to tell someone what to doconstantly

I hate when my sister

tries to boss me around!

I dont like to be bossedaround by anyone.

BREAK DOWN N to lose control of one'semotions

Brent broke down in

tears when he heard thathis wife had been savedfrom the fire.

BREAK DOWN N to stop working Sara's car broke downyesterday.


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My tape player is going to

break down soon.

BREAK DOWN S to dismantle, destroy The burglars broke thedoor down when theycame in last night.

BREAK DOWN S to separate something intoits component parts

The production costswere very high. When webroke the costs down,wed spent more on

marketing than on theactual product.

BREAK IN S to work something so as tobe usable;to wear something new untilit is comfortable

My shoes hurt my feetbecause they haven'tbeen broken in yet.I need to break in my

new baseball glove.

BREAK IN S to train; get accustomed to anew routine

One of the manager'sduties is to break the newemployees in.

BREAK INTO N to enter forcefully orabruptly

Cory broke into a house

and stole a TV. Now, he'sin jail!

BREAK OFF S to end a conversation When I walked into theroom, Sara and Sam brokeoff their conversation. Iwonder what they weretalking about?

BREAK OFF S to end a relationship Allen and I broke ourengagement off. We'renot going to get married.

BREAK UP N to end a relationship Peter and June broke upyesterday.

BREAK UP WITH N to end a relationship Peter and June broke upwith each otheryesterday.

BRING BACK N to return something My homework is duetomorrow. Will you pleasebring my book back

today?BRING OFF S to accomplish something

difficult; do the impossibleor unlikely

Nobody thought Cari

could get an A in thatclass, but she brought itoff! Mel Gibson brought

off a wonderfulperformance.

BRING UP S to mention No one brought the


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subject of employeeraises up at the meeting.

BRING UP S to raise; rear I was brought up withvery strict rules. I had tobe a good child, or I was

punished.BRUSH UP ON N to practice, to improve your

skill or knowledgeNick's study group

brushed up on pronounsbefore the test.

BURN DOWN N to destroy by fire (Note: Forstanding things--trees,buildings, etc.--only.)

If you smoke in bed, youmay burn the house down.The forest fire burned

the forest down.

BURN UP S to destroy by fire (For non-standing things & peopleonly.)

All of their pictures

burned up in the fire.After Peter and Judy

broke up, she burned hisclothes up and threw histhings away!

BURN UP S to cause someone to becomevery angry

That rude woman really

burned me up! Arrgh!!!

BUTT INTO N to enter a conversationuninvited; rudely interrupt

That rude man butted

into our conversation.Its impolite to butt intosomeones business.

BUTT IN N to enter uninvited; tointerrupt

The impatient women

butted in the line at the

market.BUTT OUT N to tell someone to mind their

own business.Butt out! This is none of

your business!

BUTTER UP S to praise someoneexcessively with the hope ofgetting some benefit

I guess Marilyn really

wants to be promoted.She's been buttering hersupervisor up all week.

CALL BACK N to return a phone call;to call again

Could you call back later

please?Hey Sara, dont forget to

call Sam back.

CALL OFF S to cancel something Shelly called the weddingoff because her boyfriendcheated on her.

CALL ON N to ask a student to speak inclass

The teacher called on

Lee for the answer.I hope the teacher callson me today.

CALL ON N to visit somebody at his/her Frank called on Sara.


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home They visited for twohours.Elizabeth will call on us

later.

CALL OUT N to shout aloud When the lights went

out, I called out for help.CALL UP S to telephone someone Saras secretary called

the client up.

CALM DOWN S to help someone/oneselfbecome calmer, less upset;stop being emotionallydistressed

Steve was so upset that

no one could calm himdown.Your cat isnt missing, so

calm down!

CARE FOR N to like, want (Note: This isusually negative, but it maybe used in questions.)

A) "Would you care for

some dessert? We haveice cream, cookies, or

cake."B) "No thank you. I don'tcare for sweets."

CARE FOR N to take care of; give care to;attend / watch

Emily's grandfather got

out of the hospital lastweek. Her family is caringfor him at home.

CARRY ON S to continue I'm sorry I interruptedyou. Please carry on.

CARRY OUT S to complete a task The secretary carriedher boss's orders out

exactly as he asked.CATCH ON N to become popular Orange hats with purple

spots will never catch on!

CATCH ON N to gain understanding orknowledge of something.

My mom had never used

email until her companywent online, but shecaught on very quickly,and now she sends emailto everyone she knows.

CATCH UP N to stop being behind; to getto the same level as others

The new employees are

slow workers, but they'll

catch up as they learnmore.

CHECK IN N to register (usually at ameeting, hotel, airport, orhospital)

Thomas checked in at the

front desk.What time do we need to

check in?

CHECK INTO N to investigate; findinformation

Leonardo DiCaprio's

agent checked into the


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rumor about Leo marryinghis co-star. The rumorwas untrue.

CHECK OFF S to make a mark to indicatethat something on a list has

been completed

The teacher checked the

students homework off as

they handed it in.He checked off theitems as he boughtgroceries.

CHECK OUT N to follow procedures forleaving (a meeting, hotel,hospital, etc.)

Thomas checked out on

Friday.

CHECK OUT S to follow procedures forborrowing something (usuallyfor a period of time)

Peter checked a few

books out of the library.Here is it. I checked thisbook out for you.

CHECK OUT S to appraise I asked the jeweler tocheck my ring out. I thinkthe stone is loose.

CHECK OUT S to look at (slang) Check that car out; it isbeautiful!

CHEER UP S to help someone feel lessworried, depressed or sad

Hank was sad about

failing his test, so I tookhim out to dinner to cheerhim up.

CHEW OUT S to berate; scold someoneseverely

My teacher chewed some

students out today.

I chewed my son out forcoming home late.

CHICKEN OUT N to lose the courage orconfidence to do something--usually at the last minute

Mark was going to ask

Lisa for a date when hesaw her, but he chickenedout.I wanted to go skydiving,

but I chickened out.

CHIP IN N to add money to somethingdone by a group

We chipped in andbought our boss abirthday gift.

CLAM UP N to refuse to talk aboutsomething

The robber clammed upwhen the policequestioned him about hispartner.

CLAM UP N to suddenly become quiet My friends clammed upwhen I walked into theroom. Nobody would tellme what they were talking


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about.

CLEAN UP S to clean somethingcompletely

Kids - clean your room upand then we'll leave.Tiffany cleaned her room

up on Saturday.

CLEAR UP S to clarify; explain Her explanation clearedthe misunderstanding up.

CLEAR AWAY S to remove When the dinner disheswere cleared away, weplayed cards at the table.

COME ACROSS N to find; to discoverunexpectedly; find by chance

I came across an old

picture in my desk drawer.Have you come across myearring? I lost it.

COME DOWN

WITH

N to become ill with ( asickness )

Ted came down with the

flu yesterday.

I hope his children don'tcome down with it too.

COME TO N to regain consciousness;come awake

A) "Nurse, has the

patient come to yet?"B) "Not yet doctor. He'sstill in a coma."

COME TO N to total an amount Let's see... You ordered5 hamburgers and 10hotdogs. That comes to$12.00.

COME UP N to be mentioned Did the topic of

employee raises come upat the meeting yesterday?

COME UP

WITH

N to suddenly think of an idea The marketingdepartment came up witha brilliant idea.

COPY DOWN N to record in writing Patty gave Max herphone number and Maxcopied it down.

COUNT ON N to rely on; depend on; trustthat something will happen;trust that someone will do as

expected

Are you crazy? You can't

count on winning thelottery! Stop buying so

many lotto tickets!I just cant count on

Steve. He never doeswhat he says he will do.

CROSS OUT S to draw a line throughmistakes; show thatsomething written is wrongor unnecessary by making an

Sara crossed her spelling

mistake out, then wrotethe correct word.We can't afford to buy


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X across it everything on the list, soI crossed all theunnecessary things out.

CUT BACK ON N to reduce; to lower; to useless of something

The doctor told me to

cut back on sugar and fat

in my diet.CUT DOWN S to cut something completely

at the baseThey cut the tree down.

Dont cut my bush down

please.

CUT DOWN

ON

N to reduce; to lower; to useless of something

My brother needs to cut

down on smoking.

CUT OFF S to stop service When we didn't pay thebill, the electricity wascut off.

CUT OFF S to sever; remove by cutting The doctor cut off theinfected finger.

Vincent Van Gogh, thepainter, cut his ear off.

CUT OFF N to eliminate from contact He was cut off from thecity by the storm. Hecouldn't get home.

CUT OUT S to remove something I cut the picture out ofthe magazine.

CUT OUT S to stop something She cut out smoking andnow her health is better.

CUT UP S to slice We cut the pizza up andgave everyone a slice.

DIE DOWN N to decrease I think the wind is finallydying down.

DIG UP S to look for and find hiddeninformation; to uncoverinformation

Politicians like to dig

embarrassing informationup about other politicians.

DO IN S to make tired; to exhaust Working in the factoryreally did me in today. I'mexhausted.

DO IN S to kill; to murder The killer did his victimin by poisoning him.

DO OVER S to do something again; repeat

a task

Please do your

composition over. Thereare too many mistakes.

DO UP S to fasten; to close Please do up your jacketbefore you go outside.

DO WITH N to be related or connectedto something

A) "What's a

carburetor?"B) "It has something to dowith cars."


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DO WITHOUT N to get along without anecessary item or to managewithout a necessary item

We don't have any

lettuce, so we'll have todo without salad withdinner tonight.Can you do without your

dictionary today?DRAG ON N to continue for an extremely

long time; last much longerthan expected or isnecessary

That boring movie

dragged on and on. Ithought it would neverend!The professors lecture

is certainly dragging ontoday. I hope he finishessoon!

DRAW OUT S to prolong something longerthan necessary; make

something last far longerthan normal

Our boss drew the

meeting out until we were

all bored anddisinterested!The singer isnt ready.

Please draw your act outuntil he finishes gettingdressed.

DRAW UP S to create a formal document;to compose

The lawyer drew up the

company contract.The architect drew the

building plans up.

DREAM UP S to think of something new;

create

Versace dreamed a lot of

new fashions up.Thomas Edison dreamed

up many inventions.

DRESS UP S to put on formal clothing I couldn't believe thatthe bride didn't dress upfor her own wedding! Shewore blue jeans!

DRINK UP S to finish a drink Drink up everyone! Thepub is closing in fiveminutes!

DROP BY N to visit informally (usually

without scheduling a specifictime)

If you're in the area,

we'd love to see you.Please drop by any time.

DROP IN ON N to visit informally (usuallywithout scheduling a specifictime)

If you're in the area,

we'd love to see you.Please drop in on us anytime.

DROP OFF S to deliver something I can take that letter tothe post office. I'll drop


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it off when I leave.

DROP OFF S to give someone a ride I can drop Jerry off onmy way home.

DROP OUT OF N to stop attending a class;quit school

Did you hear? Brett

dropped out of school last

week. He decided to jointhe Navy.

EAT OUT N to go out and eat; have ameal in a restaurant

Let's eat out at the Hard

Rock Cafe.Are you going to eat out

tonight?

EAT UP S to finish a meal; to eat all ofsomething

The boys ate up all of

the food in therefrigerator. Now we havenothing to eat.

EGG ON S to encourage someone

greatly to do something(usually something bad)

At first the guys were

just having a smallargument, but theirfriends egged them onuntil they startedfighting.

END UP N to finally arrive at; to arriveat an unexpected place

At first we got totally

lost, but we finally endedup at the rightrestaurant.

END UP N to arrive somewhere as aresult or consequence of

one's actions

If you don't stop

stealing, you'll end up in

jail!We forgot our map and

we ended up in Chicago!

EVEN OUT S to make something equal After my sister cut herhair by herself, we had totake her to a hairdresserto even her hair out.

FACE UP TO N to admit to; takeresponsibility for

You need to face up to

the truth. You are notdoing a good job.

FALL DOWN N to fall to the floor or ground Betty fell down and hurt

her arm.Careful! The baby is

going to fall down again!

FALL THROUGH N to not happen (Used forevents that were planned butdid not happen.)

Our plans to go to the

beach fell throughbecause Sally couldn't go.

FEEL UP TO N to feel strong enough orcomfortable enough to do

Is your cold better now?

Do you feel up to going to


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something work today?

FIGHT OFF S to keep something orsomeone away

I'm trying to fight a cold

off. Sara fought off herattackers.

FIGURE OUT S to logically find the answer

to a problem; solve a problemby thinking about it carefully

Did you figure that math

problem out yet?I havent figured out

what to do about mybroken down car yet.Maybe Ill buy a new one.

FIGURE OUT S to understand why someonebehaves a certain way

I just can't figure out

why President Clinton didthat! What a stupid thingto do!Have you figured out why

he said that?

FILL IN S to add missing details It's not a good idea tofill your email address inon forms over theinternet.

FILL IN S to supply information thatsomeone doesn't know

What happened at the

meeting? Can you fill me inplease?

FILL IN FOR N to temporarily do someoneelse's work; temporarilysubstitute for anotherperson

The secretary filled in

for his boss at theconference.Ill fill in for you. Go eat

lunch. Ill see you in anhour.

FILL OUT S to complete information on aform or application

My brother filled a loan

application out. He wantsto buy a house.

FILL OUT N to gain weight and lookhealthy

Arnold used to be a very

small boy, but now he'sreally filled out. He's gotmuscles everywhere!

FILL UP S to fill completely You may borrow my car,but please fill up the gas

tank before you return it.FIND OUT S to learn about something; get

information; discoverinformation

Can you find out where I

need to go please?I found out where babies

come from when I was 10years old.

FIT IN N to get along with others in agroup; be part of a group

Amy has few friends.

She doesn't really fit in


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with her classmates. It'sa sad situation.

FOOL AROUND N to have fun while wastingtime

We fooled around at

Jack's house.

GET ACROSS S to make something

understood; communicatesomething understandably

Gary couldn't get his

message across inJapanese.Finally he got the

message across in English.

GET AHEAD N to achieve success After several slowbusiness years, ourcompany finally got aheadof the competition.

GET ALONG WITH N to have a friendlyrelationship with

Do you get along with

your family?Cain didnt get along with

Abel.GET AROUND N to move from place to place Walter gets around town

on his bicycle.

GET AROUND N to avoid having to dosomething

The kids tried to get

around doing the dishes,but they weren'tsuccessful.

GET AROUND TO N to finally do something; to dosomething eventually

I'll get around to doing

the laundry soon, but I'mbusy right now.

GET AT N to try to prove or make clear I couldn't understand

what Gary was getting at.He didn't make any sense.

GET AWAY N to escape Walter tried to get awayfrom the office, but hehad too much work to do.

GET AWAY WITH N to escape punishment ;toavoid criticism

Edgar got away withstealing that money. Heshould have gone to jail!

GET BACK N to return What time will you getback home tonight?

GET BY N to survive, financially, in a

difficult situation

After the fire, the

family had to get bywithout a house.

GET EVEN WITH N to get revenge; seek revenge;repay in kind

When Terry told a lie

about me, I got even withhim by telling the teacher.

GET IN N to enter We have get in theelevator now.

GET IN N to enter a small, closed Sara got in her car and


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vehicle drove away. The moviestar got in the limousine.

GET IN N to arrive What time will yourflight get in tonight?

GET INTO N to become strongly involved

with or deeply interested in

I'm sorry, I just can't

get into the game rightnow. I'm thinking aboutwork.

GET OFF N to dismount Cher got off the horse,then took it to the barn.

GET OFF N to be excused from work,class, or other regularlyscheduled activities

Pam got off work early

because she had alreadyfinished her project.

GET OFF N to finish your workday I get off at 5:30. Let'smeet for dinner.

GET OFF N to receive a lesser

punishment than what mightbe expected

Edgar got off easy after

he stole that money. Heshould have gone to jail!

GET OFF N to leave a large, closedvehicle

Martin will get off the

bus in Los Angeles.

GET ON N to enter a large, closedvehicle

Quick! Get on the train -it's about to leave.

GET ON N to mount something Let's go. Get on yourbicycle. It's time to leave.

GET ON N to upset; to make angry That music is reallygetting on my nerves!

GET OUT OF N to leave a small, closed

vehicle

Get out of the taxi now,

because we're here!GET OUT OF N to avoid having to do

somethingThe kids tried to get out

of doing the dishes, butthey weren't successful.

GET OVER N to recover from an illness orpainful experience;overcome; surmount

I hope Jeffrey gets over

his cold soon.It took me a week to get

over my sprained ankle.

GET OVER N to finish (for individualactivities, not repeatedactions)

What time does the

party get over?Class gets over at 12:30.

Ill see you then.

GET RID OF N to dispose of; give away orthrow out

I think it's time to get

rid of those shoes. Theyhave too many holes inthem!

GET RID OF N to fire someone from a job;cause someone to leave;dismiss someone

The manager got rid of

the secretary because hewasn't doing his job


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properly.

GET THROUGH N to move past a difficulttime/place

After John's wife died,

he had to get through hissadness.

GET TOGETHER N to meet; gather; assemble in

a group

Let's get together at

Marta's apartment.GET UP N to leave bed after sleeping

and begin your dailyactivities

When Steve got up this

morning, it was still dark.What time do you usually

get up?

GIVE AWAY S to dispose of; get rid of orthrow out

We gave our old sofa

away when we bought anew one.

GIVE AWAY S to reveal a secret; tellinformation

Sam gave the surprise

away when he talked toLee.

GIVE BACK S to return something Please give me my bookback.

GIVE OUT S to distribute The manager gave theawards out at lunchtime.

GIVE UP S to stop, quit, or abandon You can learn English!Don't give up!

GIVE UP S to stop a habit You'll get cancer if youdon't give up smoking.

GO AFTER N to seek; try to obtainsomething

I plan to go after the

new position at work.Paul went after some milk

at the store.GO AHEAD N to give permission to proceed Go ahead and take an

early lunch.Students, you may go

ahead and begin writing.

GO AWAY N to leave; to commandsomeone to leave

I'll be going away on

vacation for a while. I'llsend you a postcard.

GO BACK N to return Although he's forty-two,he's going back to theuniversity to get his

degree.GO BACK ON N to betray, rescind one's word He said he'd help me, but

then he went back on hispromise.

GO DOWN N to decrease I hope the gasolineprices go down soon!

GO FOR N to try to secure or attain Every Olympic athletewants to go for the gold.


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Each team wants to win.

GO FOR N to want something I could go for a big juicycheeseburger right now!

GO OUT N to have a date with; be in arelationship with someone

Do you know if Gwyneth

Paltrow and Ben Affleck

are going out? Or arethey just friends?

GO OUT WITH N to have a date with; be in arelationship with someone

Do you know if Rita is

going out with Samuelnext Friday night?

GO OVER N to examine My supervisor went overmy report carefully.

GO THROUGH N to examine; to search The customs officerwent through my bag.Parents often go through

their kids rooms.

GO THROUGH N to perform; to carry out The salesclerk wentthrough her dutieswithout thinking, andthat's how she lost themoney.

GO THROUGH N to experience I am going through adifficult time right now.

GO UP N to increase; to rise The price of rent went upin January.

GO WITH N to coordinate; to lookpleasing together

Your shirt really goes

with your eyes.

His tie doesn't go withhis shirt.

GO WITH N to date; to be in a steadyrelationship

Is Gwyneth Paltrow going

with Ben Affleck? Or arethey just friends?

GOOF OFF N to waste time being lazy; donothing in particular

We goofed off last night.It was fun to relax.

GROW INTO N to change to fit something The babys shirt doesn'tfit right now, but in sixmonths, he'll grow into it.

GROW UP N to change from child to

adult; behave responsibly

What do you want to be

when you grow up?HAND IN S to submit work you have done Harold handed his report

in. His boss liked it.You must hand your

homework in on Friday.

HAND OUT S to distribute The teacher always asksme to hand the homeworkpapers out.


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HANG AROUND N to have fun while wastingtime

The local kids like to

hang around the mall.

HANG ON N to wait; to wait on thetelephone

Please hang on for a

minute. I need to find apen.

Petra had to hang on forten minutes.

HANG OUT N to have fun while wastingtime

The local kids like tohang out at the mall.Are you hanging out with

Frank today?

HANG UP S to end a phone call My ex-husband hung upwhen I phoned him.

HANG UP S to put away your clothes on ahanger

Please hang your shirts

up before they getwrinkled.

HOLD BACK S to restrain That man was so rude! Ihad to hold myself backfrom hitting him!

HOLD DOWN S to keep a job Jeremy just can't seemto hold a job down.Jon has held down the

same job for ten years.

HOLD ON N to wait Hold on a minute! I needto tie my shoe.

HOLD UP S to raise; lift to a higher-than-normal position

Hold your arm up so I can

fix this sleeve.

Be proud of yourself.Hold your head up high.

HOLD UP S to delay; to cause a delay The traffic was so badthat it held me up for 2hours.

HOLD UP S to rob; to steal In New York, manypeople get held up everyday.

HURRY UP S to go faster, to rush We need to hurry up andleave or we'll be late!

IRON OUT S to reach an agreement; to

resolve difficulties orproblems

Pablo and Lee will iron

their difficulties outafter the meeting.

JACK UP S to lift by using a jack We'll need to jack thefront of the car upbefore we can change thetire.

JACK UP S to raise prices(usually unfairly)

During the rainstorm, the

store jacked the price of


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umbrellas up.

JOT DOWN S to write something down;take notes

Max jotted down Sarah's

phone number.Jot your password down.

Dont lose it.

JUMP ALL OVER N to scold someone suddenlyand severely; to beratesomeone suddenly

When my report was late,my supervisor jumped allover me.

KEEP AWAY S to not allow to come near In stories and legends,garlic keeps vampiresaway.

KEEP ON N to continue to remindsomeone to do somethinguntil it is done (even if itangers the person); nag

My boss always keeps on

me. She thinks I'll forgetmy own name if shedoesn't remind me!

KEEP ON -ing N to continue Keep on going! You can do

it!KEEP UP

WITH

N to maintain contact with I can't keep up with mybrother when we go ridingbecause he goes too fast.

KEEP UP N to continue withoutinterruption

The rain kept up all night.

I thought we'd have aflood.

KICK OUT S expel; force someone toleave because of his/herpoor performance orunacceptable behavior

The health club kicked

Frank out because hedidn't pay his dues.

KNOCKDOWN

S to strike to the ground The tornado knocked thehouse down.A monkey knocked some

bananas down.

KNOCK

DOWN

S to strike with a sharp blow During the storm, thedoor flew open andknocked me knocked down.I was slightly hurt.

KNOCK OUT S to make unconscious The fight ended whenone boxer knocked theother one out.

LAY OFF S to dismiss from a job due tolack of work or money - oftentemporarily

I feel bad for Jeremy.His company laid him offyesterday.

LAY OFF N to leave someone alone I wish my aunt would layoff me. I'm tired of hercomplaining.

LEAVE OUT S to omit; forget to include Oh no! When I retypedmy essay, I left one


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paragraph out!

LET DOWN S to disappoint; to fall short ofone's expectations

The boys let their

parents down when theyended up in jail.

LET FLY S to throw an object The baseball player let

the ball fly.LET GO S to dismiss someone from a

job; to fire someoneIf Jeremy had done

better work, his companywouldn't have let him go.

LET GO S to release something Please let go of my books.I want to leave now.

LET IN S to admit; to allow (obj.) toenter

Kaye opened the door and

let the cats in.

LET ON ABOUT N to reveal a secret Nobody let on about thesurprise party.

LET ON N to make acknowledgment Frank didn't let on that

he knew he was in trouble.He pretended thateverything was fine.

LET OUT N to conclude a session orperformance

School will let out in

June.The movie let out at 7:45

last night.

LET OUT S to allow (obj.) to exit Eric opened the door andlet the cats out.

LET OUT S to expand; to make larger(for clothes)

The tailor let Mack's

pants out because Mack

had gained weight.LET UP N to cease; to stop Will this rain ever let up?

It's been raining for twoweeks!

LIE DOWN N to recline If you are tired, lie downon the sofa.

LIE DOWN N to submit meekly or abjectlyto defeat, disappointment, orinsult

Your friend insulted you?

Don't take his insult lyingdown - tell him he is wrongabout you!

LIE DOWN N to fail to perform or to

neglect one's partdeliberately

Jeremy was fired

because he was lying downon the job. He neverfinished anything!

LINE UP N to go stand in a line; toassume an orderly lineararrangement

The prisoners lined up to

receive their dinner.The cars lined up at the

traffic light.

LOCK IN N to lock the door so that The prisoners are locked


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someone can't leave in the jail. They cannotget out until they servetheir time.

LOCK OUT S to lock the door so thatsomeone can't enter (often

done in anger)

My brother came home

late to find that my

parents had locked himout of the house. He hadto sleep outside!

LOOK AFTER N to take care of My sister looks after ourchildren when we travel.Please look after my dog

this weekend.

LOOK AROUND N to explore an area Maxine went to LosAngeles and looked aroundthe downtown area for 2hours.

LOOK BACK ON N to think about the past;reflect; ponder

On birthdays, manypeople like to look back ontheir life for the pastyear.

LOOK DOWN

ON

N to have no respect forsomething or someone; toconsider inferior

Josephine looked down onthe French people. Shesaid, "Let them eat cake,"but she didn't understandthat they had no food atall.

LOOK FOR N to search I spent two hours looking

for my glasses before Ifound them.

LOOK FORWARD

TO

N to anticipate something withjoy; to think about a pleasantthing before it happens

I am looking forward to

my vacation.The students arent

looking forward to theirfinal exam in grammarclass.

LOOK IN ON N to visit someone in order tocheck on his/her condition

I need to look in on mygrandmother. She justgot home from the

hospital. I want to makesure she is OK.

LOOK INTO N to research; investigate; findthe truth about something

The police will look into

the crime.My supervisor has

already looked into theproblem.

LOOK LIKE N to resemble Larry looks like his cousin


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Jack.

LOOK OVER S to check; review My co-worker looked myreport over before I gaveit to the boss.

LOOK OUT N to warn someone to be

careful

Look out! - There's a car

coming.He told me to look outfor spiders in the garage.

LOOK OUT FOR N to take care of oneself A) Why did PresidentClinton lie?B) He was just looking outfor number one.

LOOK UP S to find information in a book;to seek out especially for abrief visit

If you don't understandthe word, look it up in adictionary.Look this up in an

encyclopedia.LOOK UP S find where someone lives or

works and visit him/herMy friend gave me her

brother's address. WhenI'm in Utah next week,I'll be sure to look him up.

LOOK UP TO N to respect something orsomeone

He looks up to his

grandfather.Many people looked up to

Princess Diana.

LUCK OUT N to be unexpectedly lucky Jennifer wasn't preparedto make her speech in

class, but she lucked outbecause the class wascancelled.

MAKE FUN

OF

N to make unkind jokes aboutsomeone; to tease someone;to mock; to ridicule

The cruel children made

fun of the man walkingwith a limp.Steve shouldnt make fun

of my accent. It hurts myfeelings!

MAKE OUT S to find or grasp the meaningof; to see and identify with

difficulty or effort; todecipher

The doctor's writing was

terrible. The nurse

couldn't make out what hewrote.Can you read this? I cant

make it out.

MAKE OUT S to complete a printed form Please make that checkout to Kaye.She made the autograph

out to me


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MAKE OUT S to represent as being; topretend to be true

Sam made Barbara out to

be ugly, but she's reallyquite pretty.

MAKE UP S to invent a story Franz made up the mostridiculous excuse for

being late.MAKE UP S to compensate for missing

work by doing extra orequivalent work

I'm sorry I missed the

test. May I make it uptomorrow?

MAKE UP WITH N to re-establish a friendlyrelationship by admittingguilt

Sally and Sara, you mustmake up with each other.It's not nice for sistersto fight.

MARK DOWN S to reduce prices; to lowerprices

I hope the clothing store

marks that jacket downsoon. I want to buy it, but

it is too expensive.MARK UP S to increase prices; to raise

pricesThe clothing store will

probably mark that jacketup. They always mark thethings I like up!

MOVE ON N to progress onward The meeting moved on ata slow pace.

MIX UP S to confuse Peter always mixes upthere and their.

MIX UP S to blend together Directions: Mix two eggsup with some milk.

NOD OFF N to fall asleep unintentionally(usually)

The movie was so boringthat several peoplenodded off in the middleof it! A) What time did you go

to sleep last night?B) I nodded off on thesofa around 8:30.

OPEN UP N to talk openly Susan really opened up tome about her familysituation. I think she

needed to talk tosomeone.

PAN OUT N to succeed; to happen asexpected - used for plans

A) Weren't you planningto publish a book?B) Yes, but the deal didn'tpan out.

PASS AWAY N to die The patient passed awayat 5:07 pm.


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When did your

grandfather pass away?

PASS OFF S to pretend that work is yours Dan tried to pass aShakespeare poem off ashis own. What an idiot!

PASS OUT S to distribute The teacher passed thetest papers out.

PASS OUT N to lose consciousness; tofaint

Tom drank too much

beer. He passed outaround 9:00 and didn'twake up until the morning.Stupid!

PAY BACK S to repay a loan or a deed Jan shouldn't have toldthem my secret. I will payher back one of thesedays!

PAY OFF S to bribe someone; to paysomeone in order to avoidtrouble

In some countries youcan pay off the police.You shouldnt try to pay a

teacher off for a goodgrade.

PAY OFF S to completely pay all of themoney you owe

If I won the lotto, I'd

pay all of my bills off.Then I'd buy a house!

PICK OFF S to shoot or bring downespecially one by one

Max really knows how to

shoot. He picked thetargets off with no

trouble at all!PICK ON N to intentionally try to make

someone upset; to bullysomeone

It's not nice to pick on

people, but kids do it allthe time.Hey! Stop picking on me!

PICK OUT S to choose; to select When you go to thestore, please pick out agood melon for dessert.

PICK UP S to lift; to take up Please pick your books upfrom the dinner tablenow.

PICK UP S to give someone a ride I can pick you up forwork at 7:30, ok?

PICK UP S to buy; to get I need to pick up someeggs at the store.

PICK UP S to revitalize; to refresh I felt much better afterI ate lunch. It reallypicked me up.

PITCH IN N to work together; to help; to The villagers pitched in


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join together to accomplishsomething

and built a communityhouse in only two days.If we all pitch in, well

finish sooner.

PLAY DOWN S to make something seem less

important

Sara played the award

down, but she reallyshould be proud ofherself.

PRINT OUT S to print something from acomputer

Please print my

composition out for me.

PULL AWAY FROM N to move off or ahead The speeding car pulledaway from the police car.My parents are pulling

away from each other. Ihope they don't get adivorce.

PULL DOWN S to pull something so that itcomes down

Bobby! Don't pull yourpants down outside!

PULL OFF N to escape punishment; toavoid criticism

Edgar pulled off the bank

robbery. He never gotcaught!

PULL OVER S to drive a vehicle to the sideof the road

The police officer pulledme over and gave me aticket for speeding.

PULL TOGETHER N to work together; to help; tojoin together to accomplishsomething

The community pulled

together and cleaned uptheir town last weekend.

PUT AWAY S to return something to itsproper place

Please put your booksaway. It's time for dinnernow.

PUT BACK S to replace something whereit was previously

If you're finished with

my dictionary, can youplease put it back?

PUT DOWN S to insult someone It's not nice to putpeople down, but kids doit all the time.

PUT DOWN S to kill a sick or injured animalfor mercy reasons

When the dog was

injured by the car, the

veterinarian said it wasnecessary to put himdown.

PUT OFF S to postpone; to delay Many students put offdoing their homeworkuntil it's too late.

PUT ON S to dress oneself; to don Put your coat on or you'llget cold outside.


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PUT ON S to gain weight Steve looks like he isputting a little weight on.

PUT ON S to mislead someone foramusement; to try to makesomeone believe something

ridiculous or untrue

Don't believe a word of

what Sara was saying. Shewas just putting us on!

A) Did you hear aboutthe four-legged chicken?B) Theres no such thing!

Youre putting me on!

PUT OUT S to extinguish The fire fighters put thefire out.

PUT OUT S to inconvenience someone; tocause difficulties forsomeone

I'm sorry to put you out,

but can you give me a rideto the train station?Youre not putting me

out. Id be happy to help.

PUT OUT S to publish; to issue Did you know that PeopleMagazine is put out by thesame company as TimeMagazine?

PUT UP S to return something to itsproper place

Please put your books up.

It's time for dinner now.

PUT UP S to give food and shelter; toprovide someone with a placeto sleep

Don't get a hotel room!

I'd be happy to put youup!

PUT UP S to preserve for future use;to can; to make preserves

My grandma Ruby used to

put tomato juice up every

summer. It tasted reallygood!

PUT UP WITH N to tolerate; to endure I don't like to put upwith noisy children.Dont put up with his

teasing!

QUIET DOWN S to be less noisy Hey children, pleasequiet down. I'm trying towatch TV.

RIP OFF S to cheat; to steal; to takeadvantage of; to charge too

much

Someone ripped Jacks

motorcycle off when he

was at work.ROUND OFF S to change from a fraction to

the nearest whole numberRound all sums off to the

closest whole number.For example, round off

78.9% to 79%.

RUN ACROSS N to find somethingunexpectedly; to discover bychance

I ran across an old love

letter when I was cleaningmy room. It was such a


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surprise. I thought I'dburned them all!

RUN AFTER N to pursue; to chase The police were runningafter a bank robber whenthey accidentally hit my

car.RUN ALONG N to go away; to be on one's

wayThanks for the tea. I

have to run along now.Run along children. Go

home.

RUN AWAY N to escape from yourguardians; to leave homesecretly

The Boxcar Children is afun book about 5 kids whoran away from home andtraveled around in theboxcar of a train.

RUN DOWN N to cease to operate because

of the exhaustion of motivepower

The radio isn't working

because the batterieshave run down. We needto buy some morebatteries.

RUN DOWN N to decline in physicalcondition or vigor

I'm feeling very run

down this week. I hopeI'm not getting sick.Maybe I need somevitamins.

RUN IN S to arrest for a usually minoroffense

The police ran Jeff in

yesterday. He had twelve

unpaid parking tickets!RUN INTO N to meet by chance; to see

someone you knowunexpectedly

When Sara went

shopping, she ran intoJulia Roberts. Sara wastoo surprised to speak.

RUN OFF S to chase (obj.) away. That crazy dog ran thebear off. I couldn'tbelieve my eyes!

RUN OFF WITH N to steal; to carry off The kids ran off withsome candy from thestore.

RUN OUT OF N to use the last of; to finishthe supply of something

We ran out of milk, so wehad to go to the market.

RUN OVER S to hit (obj.) with a vehicle Did you hear? Some idiotran Stephen King over!

RUN THROUGH N to spend or consumewastefully and rapidly

Some people can run

through money like itgrows on trees.

RUN UP S to increase a total amount Some people run their


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credit card bills up sohigh that they can't paythem at the end of themonth.

RUSH IN N to enter quickly We rushed in because we

were late.RUSH OUT N to exit quickly The workers rushed out

because it was time to gohome.

SAVE UP S to collect money for futureuse

Mimi and Charles are

saving up for a new car.You must save money up

if you want to travel.

SELL OUT S to sell the entire supply ofsomething

The tickets to the Rolling

Stones concert have beensold out. We can't go.

SEND BACK S to return something I sent the box backbecause I didn't order it.

SET BACK S to cause a delay in scheduling There is a problem withthe report that has set usback at least two days.

SET BACK S to cost money How much did your newcoat set you back?

SET OFF S to set in motion; to cause tobegin

The crazy man set a

bomb off.

SET OFF N to leave; to depart We set off to LosAngeles early to avoid the

traffic.SET UP S to start, organize, or

configureJenny talked to

Elizabeth about settingher computer up.

SET UP S to make arrangements forsomething

I'm going to set a

meeting up for 9:30. Willyou be able to attend?

SETTLE DOWN N to start living a quiet familylife

You're already 30 yearsold. It's time for you tosettle down and getmarried.

SETTLE DOWN S to get someone to quiet down We need to settle thebaby down. The neighborsare trying to sleep.

SHAKE OFF S to free oneself from Are you ever going toshake that cold off?You've been sick forthree weeks!

SHAKE UP S to stir someone's feelings; to Patrick was really shaken


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upset someone up when he saw the bankrobber.

SHAKE UP S to jar or jolt The collision shook upboth drivers.

SHAKE UP S to reorganize something on a

large scale

The company shook the

management structure upand fired a lot ofemployees.

SHAVE OFF S to remove hair by shaving Why did SineadO'Conner shave all herhair off?

SHOOT DOWN S to make something hit theground by shooting it

The pilot shot down an

enemy airplane in the oldwar movie last night.

SHOOT DOWN S to reject an idea, suggestionor proposal

Danielle shot Pablo down

when he asked her to go

out on a date with him.SHOP AROUND N to go to many different

merchants to find the bestprice

I really like this suit, but

I am going to shop aroundto see if I can find abetter price.

SHOW OFF N to try to impress by doing orshowing something

Brett rode his bicycle

off the stairs to showoff. Too bad he broke hisarm!

SHOW OFF S to display something toimpress others

Some parents dress their

kids in expensive clothes

to show them off.SHOW UP N to arrive; to appear Your supervisor was very

upset when you didn'tshow up for the meeting.Where were you?

SHOW UP S to do a noticeably better jobthan someone else

Everyone thought the

red team would win, butthe blue team won. Theyreally showed them up.

SHUT OFF S to turn something off; tostop a machine

Bill shut the gas off

after the earthquake.

Please shut the TV offnow.

SIMMER DOWN N to become less angry Steve let his wife simmerdown before he asked herfor forgiveness.

SIT AROUND N to just sit, not doing much A) What did you do lastweekend?B) Not much. I just sat


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around and watched TV.

SLIP UP N to make a mistake You slipped up when youtold Sara about hersurprise party. Youshouldn't have done that.

SPEAK UP N to speak more loudly You should speak up inclass. We cant hear you.

SPLIT UP S to divide The bank robbers splitthe money up equally.

STAND FOR N to represent A.S.A.P. stands for assoon as possible.

STAND FOR N to tolerate; permit The manager won't standfor his workers to be late.He fires anyone whocomes late more than 3times.

STAND IN FOR N to take someone's place In old times, the oldestbrother could stand in forhis father when he wentto war.

STAND OUT N to be noticeably better thanother similar people or things

Pam's work really stands

out from the otheremployees. Her work isexcellent.

STAND UP S to make a date but not keepit

Peter planned to go

dancing with Mary, butshe stood him up and went

with Carlos instead.STAND UP N to rise to a standing position When the President

entered the room,everyone stood up.

STAY IN N to not go out; to remain athome

Barry decided to stay in

this weekend because itwas raining.

STAY OUT N to remain away from homefor the evening; to notreturn home

Would you get angry if

your son stayed out allnight?

TAKE AFTER N to resemble Pat takes after his

mother. They are bothshort and blonde.

TAKE APART S to dismantle or disassemble Martin took his watchapart, but he couldn't putit back together.

TAKE BACK S to retrieve something yougave or said

My friend gave me a gift,

but then he rudely took itback!


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TAKE BACK S to return something to astore

Pam took the radio back

to the store because itwas broken.

TAKE CARE OF N to provide care for; to watchone's health

I have been taking careof my sister since she

returned home from thehospital.

TAKE CARE OF N to take responsibility for; tomake arrangements

A) I need to wash the

dishes.B) No, no. Let me takecare of them.

TAKE OFF N to depart; to leave The flight to Bermudatook off at 6 p.m.

TAKE OFF S to remove clothes Take your coat off andstay a while.

TAKE OFF S to be absent from work I'm taking next week

off, so hold my messagesplease.

TAKE OUT S to go somewhere with afriend; to invite someone on adate

Frank took his supervisor

out for dinner.Steve took Mary out

three times last week.

TAKE OUT S to remove something from anenclosed place

Please take your books

out and turn to page 47.Take your hands out of

your pockets now!

TAKE OVER S to gain control of Do you think Bill Gates is

trying to take over theworld?

TAKE UP S to begin a new hobby Betty took knitting uplast month and she mademe a sweater.

TALK INTO S to persuade to do something Peter talked Mary intohelping him move. Heconvinced her to help him.

TALK OUT OF S to persuade not to dosomething

Mary talked Peter out of

moving. Peter is going tostay in his current

apartment.TEAR AWAY S to remove oneself reluctantly Romeo had to tear

himself away from Julietbecause their familiesdidnt approve.

TEAR DOWN S to dismantle; to disassemble The old hotel was torndown last year.Are they going to tear


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the Fox Theater down?

TEAR OFF S to remove something bytearing

The soccer player torehis shirt off when histeam won the game.

TEAR OUT S to remove something from a

book by tearing

Don't tear the pages out

of your book. You'll ruinit!

TEAR UP S to damage, remove, or makean opening in

The construction workers

tore the street up toinstall a new water pipe.

TELL OFF S to speak to someone bluntlyand negatively, saying exactlywhat she or he did wrong

The supervisor told

Frank off in front of theentire office.The judge told off the

lawyer in the middle ofthe courthouse.

THINK OVER S to contemplate; to givesomething a lot of thought

Before making animportant decision, youshould think it over for along time.

THROW AWAY S to discard as trash; to put inthe garbage

Don't throw these

documents away becausewe'll need them later.

THROW OUT S to discard as trash; to put inthe garbage

Please throw the old

newspapers out and cleanup the living room.

THROW OUT S to forcibly make someone

leave

Those guys are drunk and

theyre making everyonefeel uncomfortable. Themanager should throwthem out.

THROW UP S to vomit Ulysses threw his lunchup all over his desk. Yuck!

TICK OFF S to make someone angry; toirritate someone

When people smoke near

me, it really ticks me off!

TICK OFF S to make a mark to indicatethat something on a list hasbeen completed

The teacher ticked the

student's homework offas she handed it in.

She ticked off the itemsas she bought groceries.

TIP OFF S to inform Martin tipped the policeoff about the bankrobbers' location.

TRY ON S to put clothes on to see ifthey fit

Terry tried the blue

sweater on, but it was toobig.


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TRY OUT S to use an item briefly todetermine how well it works;to test to see if something issuitable

I'd like to try a Maccomputer out. I've neverused one before.Have you ever tried out a

mountain bike?

TRY OUT N to audition; to try to win aplace on a team Billy tried out for thebasketball team, but hewas too short.

TURN

AROUND

S move so that you are facingthe opposite direction

I would like my desk to

face the window. Will youhelp me turn it around?

TURN

AROUND

S to make changes for thebetter

The drug addict really

turned his life around.He's a best-selling authornow.

TURN DOWN S to decrease the volume of

something

Turn the radio down

before you wake the dead!TURN DOWN S to decline; to reject When Tina turned

Patrick down for a date,poorPatrick's heart wasbroken.

TURN IN N to go to bed I'm pretty tired. I'mgoing to turn in now.

TURN IN S to submit or give work donefor someone

I turned the report in to

my manager.

TURN IN S to report wrongdoers to the

authorities

The witness turned the

robber in. Now he's goingto get a reward.

TURN OFF S to stop a machine orelectrical device

Please turn off the lights

when you leave the room.

TURN OFF S to disgust; to repel People who smoke reallyturn me off.

TURN ON S to start a machine orelectrical device

Turn on the TV please. I

want to watch the news.

TURN UP N to appear unexpectedly We were all surprisedwhen Julia Roberts turnedup at the party!

TURN UP S to increase the volume ofsomething

Please turn up the TV. Ican't hear it.

USE UP S to use the last of; to finishthe supply of something

We used all the milk up,

so we had to go to themarket.

WAIT ON N to wait until someone orsomething arrives; to waituntil someone or something is

I've been waiting on the

bus for almost an hour!Francine waited on her


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finished. friends for 20 minutesbefore she gave up andwent home.

WAIT ON N to serve A) Who is yourwaitress?

B) I think Betty is waitingon us today.

WAKE UP S to stop sleeping Wake the kids up please,or they'll be late forschool.

WALK OUT N to leave as a sign of protest The workers walked outto protest the newcontract.

WATCH OUT N to be careful of; beware of There's a lot ofroadwork in the area.Watch out for holes in

the street.WATER DOWN S to make weaker by adding

waterSome bartenders water

down the drinks theymake in order to savemoney and cheat thecustomers.

WEAR DOWN S to become weary frompersistent resistance orpressure; to cause to beworn or weak

Your constant

complaining is wearing usdown.The heel of my shoe hasworn down. I need to get

it repaired.WEAR OFF N to no longer affect someone My medicine is wearing

off. I need to take somemore.

WEAR OUT S to wear something / usesomething until it can nolonger be worn / be used

I need to get some newshoes. This pair is almostcompletely worn out.

WEAR OUT S to cause to becomeexhausted; cause to becomevery tired

The children wore me out

today. It's your turn towatch them!Swimming for a long time

can wear you out.WHIP UP S to create quickly A) Where did you get

this delicious cake?B) I whipped it up myself!

WORK ON N to practice in order toimprove

A) Why do you keep

repeating those words?B) I'm working on mypronunciation.


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WORK OUT N to exercise A) Where is Amy?B) She's working out atthe gym.

WORK OUT S to resolve a difficultsituation; to solve a problem

My husband and I need

to work things out in our

relationship.WRAP UP N to put something around

(obj.) to get warm; to wearenough clothes to keep warm

A) Why are you wrapped

up in that blanket?B) I'm freezing! I think Ihave a fever.Wrap your hands up in

this scarf.

WRAP UP S to finish something; bringsomething to a conclusion

Let's wrap our discussion

up and go get dinner.

WRITE DOWN S to record something inwriting

Did you write the phone

number down?

WRITE UP S to make a report in writing I've already written thereport up. I'm leavingnow.

PRACTICE ONE: Choose the correct phrasal verb to replace the underlined words. Thenrewrite each sentence on the line below.

Example: The children behaved badly when the teacher left the room.(sat around | acted up)The children acted up when the teacher left the room

Exercises:

1. Don behaves as if he doesn't like me, but I know he is pretending!(acts like | talks about )______________________________________________________________________2. A) I'm cooking hamburgers for dinner. Are five hamburgers enough?B) No, you'd better make an increase of three more. I invited my brother to dinner.(put off | add on)______________________________________________________________________3. My car is working improperly today. I need to take it to the mechanic.

(taking care of | acting up)______________________________________________________________________4. Jenny completely cleaned the dirty dishes and the leftover food after dinner.(cleaned up | chipped in)_________________________________________________________________________5. Hilda followed the borrowing procedures for a book on origami at the library yesterday.(took up | checked out)_________________________________________________________________________


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6. All of the employees added money to buy our boss a gift.(acted like | chipped in )______________________________________________________________________7. The patient has finally regained consciousness. He was in a coma for a week.(came up with | came to)

______________________________________________________________________8. Last night we had a meal in a restaurant. The food there was delicious.(ate out | ate up)______________________________________________________________________9. Peter doesnt feel well. He is trying to keep away a bad cold.(back off | fight off)_________________________________________________________________________10. Helga is having fun while wasting time at the coffee shop with her friends.(hanging out | hanging up)_________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE TWO: MATCHING

Match the meanings on the left with the phrasal verbs on the right.

1. D remove clothes A WAIT ON2. start living a quiet

family lifeB OPEN UP

3. fall asleepunintentionally

C HOLD ON

4. insult someone D TAKE OFF5. make something

seem less importantE CALL OFF

6. serve F MAKE UP7. go stand in a line G QUIET DOWN8. to wait H FILL IN9. talk openly I EGG ON10. put on formal

clothingJ PLAY DOWN

11. add missing details K LINE UP12. be less noisy L SETTLE DOWN13. encourage someone

to do somethingM DRESS UP

14. cancel something N PUT DOWN15. invent a story O NOD OFF


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PRACTICE THREE: OPPOSITES

Select the opposites on the left with the phrasal verbs on the right.

1. E PUT ON A PASS OUT

2. BREAK UP WITH B GO OUT3. TURN ON C FIGURE OUT4. GROW UP D WAKE UP5. STAY IN E TAKE OFF6. JACK UP F ACT UP7. STAND UP G RUSH OUT8. MIX UP H WORK OUT9. NOD OFF I SIT DOWN10. COME TO J CHECK IN11. PICK UP K GO OUT WITH12. RUSH IN L BLOW UP

13. SIMMER DOWN M SHUT OFF14. CHECK OUT N PUT DOWN15. SIT AROUND O MARK DOWN

PRACTICE FOUR: Rewrite the sentences by: A) separating the phrasal verb, and B)using a pronoun.

Example: I found out the answer.a) I found the answer out . b) I found it out

Exercises:1. I called up my sister yesterday.a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________2. Please look over your test papers.a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________3. Did you take out the garbage?a)________

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