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THIRTY YEARS’ WAR1618-1648
Prague Castle
Defenestration of Prague
Thirty Years’ War 1618-1648How it started:
• Protestant and Catholic tensions• Protestant nobility refused to accept the new ruler of the Holy Roman Empire
• Protestants not given their right to build a church. The Catholic officials are thrown out of the window of the Castle of Prague
4 Phases, Many Battles & Wars
• Bohemian Revolt (1618-1623)• Danish Intervention (1625-1629)• Swedish Intervention (1630-1635)• French Intervention (1635-1648)
The End… kind of sort of…• 1648 – Peace of Westphalia
• Series of Treaties• Over a period of Years
• Treaty of Muenster, October of 1648• Skirmishes continued…
Results of the Thirty Years’ War• End of military reliance on mercenaries and the beginning of professional standing armies
• Peace of Westphalia helped to establish the boundaries of the European nation state
• The war helped people separate their loyalty to their country from their loyalty to their religion.
• War, Famine, Pestilence, Expulsion led to massive loss of life. In German areas 25-40% of the population lost
Schwedentrunk• Method of torture and
execution• Tortured to confess hidden
valuables
Rothenburg: Meistertrunk• The 'Meistertrunk' story goes that back in 1631, Rothenburg
was attacked by Imperial troops led by Count Tilly. Mayor Nusch offered him a welcome drink of local wine. The Count was so pleasantly surprised that he offered the town a way out. If someone could drink a tankard holding 6 pints in one draught, then the town would be spared. The Mayor accepted the challenge and saved the town.