This day in History

Aug. 26th, 1939 The first ever televised Baseball game (Dodgers vs Reds)

Chap 5The Constitution

I. Early GovernmentA. Articles of Confederation (1777) “creates a Republic”1. Most power stays with the states.2. One branch Government, Congress. 3. Each state had its own court system.4. Could declare war and borrow money

B. Weaknesses

1. NO power to tax.

2. Congress had no power to enforce states.

3. Changes in the Articles takes all 13 to agree.

C. Shay’s Rebellion 1786-1787

1. Do you Raise Taxes to pay war debts?

II. Constitutional Convention (May 1787)

A. Decisions

1. George Washington unanimously elect as its president of convention.

b. Divisions at convention

1. revise the Articles or start over?

c. Virginia Plan (James Madison)1. bicameral (two house) national legislature.2. representatives based on number of citizens.3. create an legislative, executive and judicial branch.

d. New Jersey Plan (William Paterson)

1. all states to have the same voting power.

2. states more power than the national government.

3. Government could regulate taxes.

e. The Great Compromise (July 1787)1. Created a bicameral legislature2. Representation , Senate= 2/votes3. A House of Representatives based on the population.4. Slavery Issue?5. 3/5ths Compromise. Slave counts as 3/5 of population.

This day in History

Aug. 27, 1955 : The "Guinness Book of World Records" is published for the first time.

III. Battle for Ratification

a. Federalist favored the Constitution.

1. Washington, Madison, Hamilton.

b. Anti-Federalist opposed the Constitution. (it posed a threat to state governments and individuals rights.)

1. Patrick Henry, Sam Adams, John Hancock.

2. Agreed because of Bill of Rights.

c. Bill of Rights

1. First 10 become the bill of Rights. (passed as one amendment).

IV. Government under the Constitution

a. Six principles

1. Popular sovereignty- people

2. Limited Government

3. Separation of powers

4. Checks and Balances- prevents too much power

5. Judicial Review

6. Federalism- levels of power

V. Government Leaders

A. President and Cabinet

1. Washington- President

2. Adams- Vice President

3. Jefferson- Sec. of State

4. Hamilton- Sec. of Treasury

5. Knox- Sec. of War

b. Differences create Political Parties

Jefferson Hamilton

Strict construction Loose construction

Agrarian Industry/Business

II. Test of Federal power

A.1794 Whiskey Tax Rebellion- 1st test of Federal power,

1. Washington send 12,000 men to put down rebellion. (Federal power over laws)

b. Constitution permits change.

1.Elastic Clause

2.Amendments

This day in History

Aug 28th, 1963 Martin Luther King Jr's "I have a dream speech" at Lincoln Memorial

C. Defines powers

1. Delegated Powers: Nat. govt.

2. Reserved Powers: State govt.

3. Concurrent Powers: Nat. and state govt.

d. Enumerated Powers

1. Powers written specifically in the Constitution. These may apply to any of the three branches, or to any level of govt. or the people.

e. Implied Powers1. Powers in the constitution but not specifically written

down. Interpretation is required to understand these powers.