1/20/2012 1 ECEN 2420 ‐ Wireless Electronics for Communication Communication Prof. Peter Mathys Thomas Merton from “Learning to Live”, 1969 Life consists in learning to live on one’s own, spontaneous, freewheeling: To do this one must recognize To do this one must recognize what is one’s own – be familiar and at home with oneself. This means basically learning This means basically learning who one is, and learning what one has to offer to the contemporary world and then contemporary world, and then learning how to make that offering valid. Thomas Merton, 1915‐1968 Trappist Monk, Author Thomas Merton, contd. Thomas Merton, contd. • The purpose of education is to show a person how to The purpose of education is to show a person how to define himself authentically and spontaneously in relation to his world – not to impose a prefabricated definition of the world, still less an arbitrary definition of the individual himself. • The function of the university is, then, first of all to help the student to discover himself: To recognize himself and to identify who it is that chooses himself , and to identify who it is that chooses. Thomas Merton, contd. Thomas Merton, contd. • To put it in even more outrageous terms the To put it in even more outrageous terms, the function of the university is to help men and women save their souls and in doing so to women save their souls and, in doing so, to save their society: From what? • From the hell of meaninglessness of • From the hell of meaninglessness, of obsession, of complex artifice, of systematic lying of criminal evasions and neglects of lying, of criminal evasions and neglects, of self‐destructive futilities. Why the Philosophy? Why the Philosophy? • This class is one of the sophomore electives which This class is one of the sophomore electives which are designed to let you explore a subset of areas in electrical, computer, and energy engineering, with the goal of helping you to make informed decisions for later courses and your professional career. • What Thomas Merton says in essence is that you cannot make truly free choices for your own life if you don’t find yourself on the deepest possible level you don t find yourself on the deepest possible level. Expectations for a Successful Semester Expectations for a Successful Semester • “The least of the work of learning is done in the classroom” ~ Thomas Merton • Education is a largely self‐directed endeavor. My role is to challenge you and to guide you as you work towards becoming an engineer you and to guide you as you work towards becoming an engineer . • But you have to take the steps that are necessary to put you to the place and level where you want to be. This requires interest, i it iti l thi ki ki ti ti i ti d t curiosity, critical thinking, asking questions, participation and, most importantly, work! • If your scores are ever lower than you desire, please act accordingly: Change your study habits, visit office hours or arrange for alternate ones, form a study group (or quit an ineffective one), work harder ‐‐ do whatever it takes, but don't make excuses for poor performance.
Transcript
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ECEN 2420 ‐ Wireless Electronics for CommunicationCommunication
Prof. Peter Mathys
Thomas Mertonfrom “Learning to Live”, 1969
Life consists in learning to live on one’s own, spontaneous, freewheeling:To do this one must recognizeTo do this one must recognize what is one’s own – be familiar and at home with oneself.This means basically learningThis means basically learning who one is, and learning what one has to offer to the contemporary world and thencontemporary world, and then learning how to make that offering valid.
Thomas Merton, 1915‐1968Trappist Monk, Author
Thomas Merton, contd.Thomas Merton, contd.
• The purpose of education is to show a person how toThe purpose of education is to show a person how to define himself authentically and spontaneously in relation to his world – not to impose a prefabricated definition of the world, still less an arbitrary definition of the individual himself.
• The function of the university is, then, first of all to help the student to discover himself: To recognize himself and to identify who it is that chooseshimself, and to identify who it is that chooses.
Thomas Merton, contd.Thomas Merton, contd.
• To put it in even more outrageous terms theTo put it in even more outrageous terms, the function of the university is to help men and women save their souls and in doing so towomen save their souls and, in doing so, to save their society: From what?
• From the hell of meaninglessness of• From the hell of meaninglessness, of obsession, of complex artifice, of systematic lying of criminal evasions and neglects oflying, of criminal evasions and neglects, of self‐destructive futilities.
Why the Philosophy?Why the Philosophy?
• This class is one of the sophomore electives whichThis class is one of the sophomore electives which are designed to let you explore a subset of areas in electrical, computer, and energy engineering, with the goal of helping you to make informed decisions for later courses and your professional career.
• What Thomas Merton says in essence is that you cannot make truly free choices for your own life if you don’t find yourself on the deepest possible levelyou don t find yourself on the deepest possible level.
Expectations for a Successful SemesterExpectations for a Successful Semester
• “The least of the work of learning is done in the classroom”~ Thomas Merton
• Education is a largely self‐directed endeavor. My role is to challenge you and to guide you as you work towards becoming an engineeryou and to guide you as you work towards becoming an engineer.
• But you have to take the steps that are necessary to put you to the place and level where you want to be. This requires interest,
i it iti l thi ki ki ti ti i ti d tcuriosity, critical thinking, asking questions, participation and, most importantly, work!
• If your scores are ever lower than you desire, please act accordingly: Change your study habits, visit office hours or arrange for alternate ones, form a study group (or quit an ineffective one), work harder ‐‐ do whatever it takes, but don't make excuses for poor performance.
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Critical and Creative ThinkingCritical and Creative Thinking
• Critical thinking involves logical thinking and reasoning g g g gincluding skills such as comparison, classification, sequencing, cause/effect, patterning, webbing, analogies, deductive and inductive reasoning forecasting planning hypothesizing andinductive reasoning, forecasting, planning, hypothesizing, and critiquing.
• Creative thinking involves creating something new or original. It involves the skills of flexibility, originality, fluency, elaboration, brainstorming, modification, imagery, associative thinking, attribute listing, metaphorical thinking, forcedthinking, attribute listing, metaphorical thinking, forced relationships. The aim of creative thinking is to stimulate curiosity and promote divergence.
Bloom’s TaxonomyBenjamin Bloom, 1956
According to Bloom’s Taxonomy, human thinking skills can be g y, gbroken down into the following six categories:1. Knowledge: Remember/recall previously learned information.
2 Comprehension: Understand the meaning of informational materials2. Comprehension: Understand the meaning of informational materials.
3. Application: Apply previously learned information/knowledge to new/unfamiliar situations.
4 A l i B k d i f i i d d h4. Analysis: Break down information into parts to understand the underlying structure.
5. Synthesis: Apply prior knowledge/skills to combine elements into new patterns.
6. Evaluation: Judge/decide according to some set of criteria, without real right or wrong answers.
The Invention of WirelessThe Invention of Wireless
• In 1864 James Maxwell theorizedIn 1864, James Maxwell theorized electromagnetic waves.
• In 1887 Heinrich Hertz proved Maxwell’s• In 1887, Heinrich Hertz proved Maxwell s theories.
I 1893 Nik l T l d d h• In 1893, Nikola Tesla demonstrated the concept of wireless radio transmission in his f l h F kli I i ifamous lecture at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia.
Nikola TeslaNikola Tesla
Tesla developed the polyphase p p ypac power system. From 1892 to 1894 he served as vice‐president of the precursor ofpresident of the precursor of the modern‐day IEEE. His interest in wireless was
f l ftwofold: Transmission of messages and transmission of energy without wires.gy
Nikola Tesla
Serbian‐American, 1856‐‐1943
Guglielmo MarconiGuglielmo MarconiMarconi began wireless l b t i t i 1895laboratory experiments in 1895 at his father’s estate at Ponteccio. In 1899 he established wirelessestablished wireless communication between France and England across the English Channel and in December 1901Channel and in December 1901 he used his system for transmitting the first wireless signals across the Atlantic. He
Guglielmo Marconi
Italian 1874 1937
gwas a successful businessman and he received the Nobel price in Physics in 1909, together
Italian, 1874‐‐1937with Ferdinand Braun.
Edwin Howard ArmstrongAmerican, 1890‐‐1954
Invented the superheterodyne receiver in 1918 and FM radio in 1933 Financially1933. Financially broken and mentally beaten after years of l l t l ithlegal tussles with RCA and others, Armstrong committed suicide on January 31, 1954.
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Beginnings of Amateur RadioBeginnings of Amateur Radio• 1909‐The first radio clubs are formed. Spark and the longwaves (300‐6000
t ) kimeters) are king.
• 1912‐The Titanic disaster points out the need for Wireless Regulation. The Radio Act of 1912 is passed, which limits "private stations" (i.e. amateurs) to 200 meters a "useless" frequency200 meters, a useless frequency.
• 1914‐The ARRL is organized by H.P. Maxim to help relay messages, given the limited range on 200 meters at that time. (25 miles).
• 1917 The US enters WWI All amateurs are ordered to dismantle their• 1917‐The US enters WWI. All amateurs are ordered to dismantle their transmitters and receivers.
• 1919‐Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels tries to get the Navy a total monopoly on all wireless communications. The ARRL's "blue card" appealmonopoly on all wireless communications. The ARRL s blue card appeal saves the concept of private radio operations. Amateurs get back on the air in November, 1919.
• Core Purpose of the ARRL: To promote and advance the art, science and p p ,enjoyment of Amateur Radio.
Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives
• Learn the language the principles and theLearn the language, the principles, and the thinking that communications and RF (radio frequency) engineers usefrequency) engineers use.
• Learn how to analyze, visualize, understand, and simulate RF and AF (audio frequency)and simulate RF and AF (audio frequency) circuits.
L h b ild bl h• Learn how to build, measure, troubleshoot, and operate a whole electronic system such as
di ia radio transceiver.
Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes
• Understand basic communication and RF principles, such as p p ,modulation, time and frequency domains, and propagation of radio waves.
U d t d h t if l h t i i l t• Understand how to specify, analyze, characterize, simulate, build, and measure basic analog circuits.
• Understand the characteristic properties from dc to MHz p pfrequencies of basic analog components, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, transformers, quartz crystals, magnetic cores diodes transistors and integrated circuitscores, diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits.
• Be able to use design and analysis tools, such as Matlab and LTspice.
Matlab Example: AM SignalMatlab Example: AM Signal
Matlab Example: AM Signalp g LTspice Example: VFO (Oscillator)LTspice Example: VFO (Oscillator)
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LTspice Example: VFO (Oscillator)LTspice Example: VFO (Oscillator) The Book that we UseThe Book that we Use
Cambridge University Press, 19991999ISBN 978-0-521-64645-1
The NorCal 40A TransceiverThe NorCal 40A Transceiver40-Meter (7 MHz) CW Transmitter (max 2W)Transmitter (max 2W) and Receiver for Morse Code Signals.
• To apply what we learn and build and measure aTo apply what we learn and build and measure a wireless transmitter/receiver (the NorCal 40A), we need some lab time where we learn how to solder, how to use lab equipment and how to troubleshoot when things don’t work as expected.
