Safety and Radiation Protection

Thomas Otto, TE Safety Officer

Cristina Adorisio, DGS-RP (Radiation Protection Aspects)

3rd Splice Review, 12. – 14. 11. 2012

ContentsI. SMACC and the LHC as a pressure vessel

II. Health and Safety during SMACC workI. SUVA Method for Risk Assessment

II. CERN Operational Procedures

III. High risk operations and controls

IV. Radiation protection aspects

III. Safety Training for LS1 and SMACC

SMACC and the LHC as a pressure vessel

• LHC is an existing equipment • Harmonized standard (EN ISO 13458) not

available at time of construction• Components subject to pressure were

designed to standards CODAP and CODETI• SMACC is a repair, not a modification• Therefore, all pressure-vessel related quality

and safety criteria follow the “old” standards

Health & Safety during SMACC work• Based on a Hazard Register and a Risk

Assessment

, no consequences

Hazard + (exposure*consequence) = Risk

SUVA Method for Risk Assessment

• SUVA – Swiss professional accident insurance and prevention organism

• Start with systematic classification of Workplace hazards

N. Hazardous Phenomenon Exemples

1 Mechanical Hazards

a Unprotected moving elements Zones d’écrasement, de cisaillement, de choc, de coupure, de perforation, d’entraînement, de happement

b Dangerous surfaces and edges Coins, angles, pointes, arrêts vives, rugosités

c Moving vehicles and machines Accrochage, heurt, basculement, écrasement, chute, rampes, déclivité

d Uncontrolled moving elements Basculement, balancement, roulement, glissement ou projection d’éléments

e Fall of objects  

f Fluids under pressure Gas, vapour, oil,

2 Trip, Slip and Fall hazards

a Working at height Ladders, platforms, ramps

b Level differences Steps, opening in floor

c Slippery surfaces Snow, ice, soiled or wet floors

d Disorder

e Visibility Fog, smoke, dust

And so on [….]

Risk Scale• Very simple approach, gauged to the

project:• Low risk: worker suffers minor injury, without

consequence for himself and for the project• Medium risk: worker suffers minor injury,

without consequence for himself, but project progress may be delayed as a consequence of the accident

• High risk: Worker may suffer permanent incapacity as a consequence of an accident

CERN Operational Procedures• Detailed work instructions for all project

phases• Made for the end-user (worker)• Main source of safety-relevant information

Chap. Avtivité Sub-activity EDMS Ver. Baseline1.1 Ouverture manchette

WDémontage Manchette W 1236329 0.1 LHC-QBBI-IP-0017

1.2 Installation des soupapes de décharge DN200 1236232 0.2 LHV-QBBI-IP-00162 Contrôle qualité écrans thermiques      3.1 Ouverture manchette

MInstallation des protections      

3.2 Découpe soudure manchettes M 1227123 1.1  4.1 Dépose Isolation

busbarCapture soufflet M 1198420 5 LHC-QBBI-IP-0014-00-70

4.2 Dépose isolation interconnexion 1198424 5 LHC-QBBI-IP-0011-00-405

Contrôle qualité brasure

Quality Control of the LHC Main Interconnection Splices produced before LS1 (before Application of Shunts)

1240298 0.1 LHC-QBBI-TP-0006 v.0.1

And so on […]

Risk assessment method• Identify the hazards inherent in the

operational procedures, according to SUVA systematics

• Estimate the risk (L/ M/ H) without controls• Describe the controls already in place• Are controls appropriate and sufficient ?• If not, recommend additional controls

Specific High-Risk OperationsRisk Operation Control

Mechanical Risks

Cutting, shear, abrasion, entanglement

Work with machine tools CE-cert. tools, personal protective equipment (PPE)

Projection of liquids Hydraulic tools Systematic inspection of tools

Moving machines Brazing and soldering machines

Arrest manual brakes

Hazardous substances

Flux vapours Brazing, soldering Local exhaust ventilation (LEV), PPE

Metal vapours (Pb, Sn) Brazing, soldering low T << 500oC, LEV, workplace monitoring : negative result

Specific High-Risk Operations (cont.)

Risk Operation Control

Physical Constraints

Noise Mechanical tooling operations, compressors,

PPE

UV light TIG welding Welder’s mask and clothes

Magnetic field Induction brazing machine Off-limits for pace-maker and defibrillator bearers

Lighting Visual quality control Portable projectors

Muscular-skeletal disorders

Handling of heavy loads Pumps, machine tools, bellows …

Correct posture, team work, mechanical aids

High Risk operations common to all SMACC phases

Risk Control

Hazardous substances

Alcohol for cleaning: toxic and flammable

PPE, Tunnel ventilation, reduction of quantity

Multi-layer insulation fire Extinguishers present during hot work

Work Organization

Unfamiliarity with workplace Team building, several weeks run-up period

Language barrier Basic French lessons, Phrasebook, Identification of interpreters

Repetitive work, lack of decision margin

Vary tasks, change roles, small teams

Lack of qualification Thorough on-the-job training

Road Transport Safety Information campaign (flyer)

Radiation Protection Aspects

• The LHC Arcs show marginal radiation hazard:• Ambient dose

equivalent rateH*(10) < 0.5 mSv h-1

• Radioactivity nearly always < exemption limit

Radiation Protection Aspects (2)• Nevertheless, RP controls imposed:

• LHC classified as radiation area• RP safety briefing• Personal dosimeter• All waste treated as potentially radioactive• Sealed vacuum cleaners, emptied by RP in

glove box• RP support staff at each access pit during both

SMACC shifts

Radiological classification of areas – 2013

Point 1 Point 8Point 7

Point 6

Point 5Point 4

Point 3

Point 2

For the LS1 LHC tunnel mostly classified as Supervised Radiation AreaFew areas might be classified as Simple Controlled Radiation AreaCollimation and dump areas will be classified as Limited Stay Area

Formal Safety Training for LS1 and SMACC

Training Comment Form

Initial Safety Briefing With the TE DSO Trainer

CERN Safety Level 1 Basic site safety Web

LS1 Safety Condensed from CERN Safety level 2-4 Web

Electrical Safety Awareness

For non-electricians Web

Electrical qualification French “Habilitation” for electricians Trainer

RP Safety Briefing Web

Self-Rescue Mask With practical exercises Trainer

The following table is simplified for staff and associated members of personnel. Contractor’s safety training is largely the employer’s responsibility.

Role of the Supervisors• In the CERN hierarchy, the responsibility of

the supervisor includes safety aspects• Supervisors shall be

• Informed of hazards, risks and controls• Verify the application of procedures • Correct hazardous behaviour, if necessary• Report dangerous situations • Go ahead as a good example of safe behaviour

Summary• High-Risk operations in SMACC have been

identified and controls found appropriate• Additional controls for common risks are in

preparation• Radiation protection aspects are fully

covered• Safety Training is essential

• formal and on-the-job

• Full implication of Supervisors is important