Name : Dholiya MaheshName : Dholiya MaheshRoll No. – 13 Roll No. – 13 Year : 2010 – 2011Year : 2010 – 2011

PowerPoint presentation on PowerPoint presentation on Three literary terms : Three literary terms : (1) (1) Chorus,Chorus, (2) Practical criticism(2) Practical criticism,, (3)thought.(3)thought.

Chorus: as a flat character and his function : Chorus: as a flat character and his function : dancing floor ("orchestra")

M.H.Abrams makes known to us, M.H.Abrams makes known to us, “…. Chorus played a part in Greek Tragedy, “…. Chorus played a part in Greek Tragedy, where (in the plays of Aeschylus and where (in the plays of Aeschylus and Sophocles) they serves mainly as commentators Sophocles) they serves mainly as commentators or the dramatic action and events who or the dramatic action and events who expressed traditional moral, religious, social expressed traditional moral, religious, social attitudes….”attitudes….”1 1 MessengerMessenger2 Commentator2 Commentator3 Reporter3 Reporter4 Seer and Observer of the situation4 Seer and Observer of the situation5 Connection between the ruler and 5 Connection between the ruler and ruledruled6 A mouthpiece of the dramatist6 A mouthpiece of the dramatist7 An organizer of the three Unities7 An organizer of the three Unities8 Deliberately impartial to all other 8 Deliberately impartial to all other characters of the playcharacters of the play9 Narrator of the past deed of the particular 9 Narrator of the past deed of the particular charactercharacter10 An ordinary bystander 10 An ordinary bystander

Other function of ChorusOther function of Chorus

1.1. Chorus should not have so much intimacy Chorus should not have so much intimacy with the king or any other characterwith the king or any other character

2.2. Helper for the dramatist in observing Helper for the dramatist in observing Unities Unities

3.3. As a time saving deviceAs a time saving device

4.4. As a narrator- They make audience As a narrator- They make audience imputed of some happening on outside. So imputed of some happening on outside. So audience see in that direction. e.g. We don’t audience see in that direction. e.g. We don’t find Delphi in find Delphi in Oedipus Rex, conversation Oedipus Rex, conversation between between Creon and god Apollo, torment of Creon and god Apollo, torment of the terrible disease Plague among the the terrible disease Plague among the peoplepeople

5.5. They make actions of the characters more They make actions of the characters more lively and enchanting as well as very solemn lively and enchanting as well as very solemn and full of intensity. They increase the effect and full of intensity. They increase the effect of human feelings and emotions more of human feelings and emotions more strong with their melodious songs.strong with their melodious songs.

Thought Thought as a part of dramaas a part of drama

1.1. Co-related with the term Co-related with the term ThemeTheme2.2. Readers consider that Thought is dramatist’s idea to Readers consider that Thought is dramatist’s idea to

portray human nature in general in the drama or novel, portray human nature in general in the drama or novel, etc.etc.

3.3. The form of literature works around this term.The form of literature works around this term.4.4. Central idea or thought is highlighted many a time in Central idea or thought is highlighted many a time in

drama.drama.5.5. Thought in literature is universally significant. General Thought in literature is universally significant. General

truth is dramatist’s main focus in the book.truth is dramatist’s main focus in the book.6.6. What is a thought of What is a thought of Tom Jones, Gulliver’s Travels, Animal Tom Jones, Gulliver’s Travels, Animal

Farm, The self-Reliance.Farm, The self-Reliance.7.7. Thought is associated with title of the work.Thought is associated with title of the work.

1.1. This analysis is always required deep thinking.This analysis is always required deep thinking.2.2. It has a innuendo.It has a innuendo.3.3. It is known as It is known as Applied CriticismApplied Criticism or applied critique or or applied critique or

discussion on particular work of literature.discussion on particular work of literature.4.4. It depends on literary discussion, The critics apply It depends on literary discussion, The critics apply

their practical approaches to various work of their practical approaches to various work of literature.literature.

5.5. e.g. essay of Dryden, “e.g. essay of Dryden, “Lives Of The PoetsLives Of The Poets” by ” by Dr.Johnson, Coleridge's chapter on poetry of Dr.Johnson, Coleridge's chapter on poetry of Wordsworth’s Wordsworth’s Biographia literaria,Biographia literaria, Matthew Arnold’s “Essay In Criticism” etc.