+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Date post: 10-Jul-2016
Category:
Upload: pucca-jerny
View: 225 times
Download: 2 times
Share this document with a friend
Description:
thyroid
33
Grave’s Ophthalmopathy (GO) Parima Hirunwiwatkul, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Clinical presentation & Medical treatment
Transcript
Page 1: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Grave’s Ophthalmopathy(GO)

Parima Hirunwiwatkul, MD

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University

Clinical presentation & 

Medical treatment 

Page 2: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Clinical presentation

• Dryness and irritation 

• Inflammation and pain

• Visual disturbance– Afferent: Decrease acuity,  dimming, scotoma, color change

– Efferent : double vision 

• Cosmetic

Page 3: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Eye involvement in GO

Page 4: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Treatment of TRO

• Avoid risk factors• Symptomatic treatment– Lubricant – Anti‐inflammation : steroids

• Medical treatment– Systemic steroids– Immunosuppressive– Botulinum toxin

• Surgical treatment

Page 5: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Lubricants

• Artificial tears:– Preservative artificial tear

– Disappeared preservative

– Non preservative/ preservative free

• Form:– Eye drop: bottle, tube

– Eye gel

Page 6: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

No symptoms or signs

Page 7: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Only signs, no symptoms

Page 8: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Soft tissue involvement

Page 9: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Proptosis

Page 10: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Extraocular muscle involvement

Page 11: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Corneal involvement

Page 12: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Sight loss

Page 13: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

*This paper is also being published in the March 2008 issue of the journal, European Journal of Endocrinology, vol. 158, no. 3.

Page 14: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Recommendations

Page 15: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management issues of GO that should be addressed by

both nonspecialists and specialists

Page 16: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Referral to combined thyroid‐eye clinics and initial assessment

Page 17: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Refer urgently 

• Symptoms– Unexplained deterioration in vision– Awareness of change in intensity or quality of colourvision in one or both eyes

– History of eye(s) suddenly ‘popping out’(Globe subluxation)

• Signs– Obvious corneal opacity– Cornea still visible when the eyelids are closed– Disc swelling

Page 18: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Refer urgently 

• Compressive optic neuropathy  (Dysthyroidoptic neuropathy)

• Exposure keratopathy … corneal melting …corneal perforation

Page 19: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Refer non‐urgently • Symptoms

– Eyes abnormally sensitive to light: troublesome or deteriorating over the past 1–2 months

– Eyes excessively gritty and not improving after 1 week of topical lubricants

– Pain in or behind the eyes: troublesome or deteriorating over the past 1–2 months

– Progressive change in appearance of the eyes and/or eyelids over the past 1–2 months

– Appearance of the eyes has changed causing concern to the patient– Seeing two separate images when there should only be one

• Signs– Troublesome eyelid retraction– Abnormal swelling or redness of eyelid(s) or conjunctiva– Restriction of eye movements or manifest strabismus– Tilting of the head to avoid double vision

Page 20: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Smoking and GO

Page 21: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management of hyperthyroidism in patients with GO

Page 22: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management of hyperthyroidism in patients with GO

Page 23: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Other simple measures that may alleviate symptoms 

Page 24: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management issues of GO that should be addressedin specialists centers

Page 25: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Grading severity and activity of GO 

Page 26: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Severity measures• Lid aperture 

– distance between the lid margins in mm with the patient looking in the primary position, sitting relaxed and with distant fixation

• Swelling of the eyelids• Redness of the eyelids • Redness of the conjunctiva• Conjunctival oedema• Inflammation of the caruncle or plica• Exophthalmos

– using the same Hertel exophthalmometer

• Subjective diplopia score– 0=no diplopia; 1=intermittent, 2=inconstant, 3=constant

• Eye muscle involvement – ductions in degrees

• Corneal involvement (absent/punctate keratopathy/ulcer)• Optic nerve involvement 

– best corrected visual acuity, color vision, optic disc, RAPD (absent/present), plus visual fields if optic nerve compression is suspected

Page 27: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Grading severity and activity of GO 

Page 28: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Grading severity and activity of GO 

Page 29: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Grading severity and activity of GO 

Page 30: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management of mild GO 

Page 31: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management of mild GO 

Page 32: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Management of mild GO 

Page 33: Thyroid Ophthalmopathy for Print

Take home message Early detection and referral to 

ophthalmologist


Recommended