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TIF_9780273761389_05

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Exam Name___________________________________ 1. Engagement is the extent to which employees commit, rationally or emotionally, to the organization and how hard they work as a result of this commitment. Answer: True False Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 231 AACSB: Objective: 2. Online learning saves time and money by allowing information to be distributed quickly and by reducing travel costs. Answer: True False Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 231 AACSB: Objective: 3. E-government is an e-commerce model that applies only to the interaction of a government with its business suppliers. Answer:
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Page 1: TIF_9780273761389_05

ExamName___________________________________

1.

Engagement is the extent to which employees commit, rationally or emotionally, to the organization and how hard they work as a result of this commitment.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 231 AACSB: Objective:

2.

Online learning saves time and money by allowing information to be distributed quickly and by reducing travel costs.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 231 AACSB: Objective:

3.

E-government is an e-commerce model that applies only to the interaction of a government with its business suppliers.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Page 2: TIF_9780273761389_05

Type: TF

Page Ref: 232 AACSB: Objective:

4.

The government-to-citizens (G2C) category of e-government includes all of the interactions between a government and its citizens that can take place electronically.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 232 AACSB: Objective:

5.

An objective of G2G is to decrease response times for jurisdictions and disciplines to respond to emergency incidents.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Objective:

6.

Creating easy-to-find single points of access to government services for individuals is a G2B performance objective.

Answer:

True

Page 3: TIF_9780273761389_05

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Objective:

7.

Major areas of government-to-citizens (G2C) activities include social services, tourism and recreation, and research and education.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Objective:

8.

In the United States, during the 2008 presidential election, the candidates used blogs, social networks, and e-mail to reach and influence potential voters.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 233-234 AACSB: Objective:

9.

The smart card system is used for electronic benefits transfer (EBT) in the United States to reduce fraud and processing costs.

Answer:

Page 4: TIF_9780273761389_05

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 235 AACSB: Objective:

10.

By adding biometrics to the smart cards of beneficiaries, the government expects to substantially reduce fraud in its electronic benefits transfer (EBT) program.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 235 AACSB: Objective:

11.

Intelink is a G2G service that helps state governments locate information about child support, including data on paternity and enforcement of child-support obligations.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 236 AACSB: Objective:

12.

The U.S. Navy provides a Lifelines portal, a G2E, to improve the quality-of-life flow of information to sailors and their families.

Page 5: TIF_9780273761389_05

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 237 AACSB: Objective:

13.

Governments are using Web 2.0 tools mainly for collecting taxes and fines and for making benefit payments.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 238 AACSB: Objective:

14.

Many governments own islands on Second Life on which they present diplomatic issues and advertise tourist attractions.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 239 AACSB: Objective:

15.

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M-government relies heavily on intranets and extranets for communicating with citizens. Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 239 AACSB: Objective:

16.

The ability to reach a larger number of people through mobile devices is one benefit of m-government. Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 240 AACSB: Objective:

17.

Most countries have adopted legislation for data and information practices that spell out the rights of citizens and the responsibilities of the data holders.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 240 AACSB: Objective:

Page 7: TIF_9780273761389_05

18.

E-learning generally refers to purely Web-based learning. Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 241 AACSB: Objective:

19.

One limitation of e-learning is the lower content retention rate among learners compared to traditional in-person training.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 242 AACSB: Objective:

20.

Because of the technology involved, the cost of providing an e-learning experience is 50-70 percent greater than the traditional classroom.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 242 AACSB: Objective:

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21.

An important advantage of e-learning is that it provides a fear-free and privacy-protected environment in which students can put forth any idea without fear of looking stupid.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 243 AACSB: Objective:

22.

It is easy to control the transmission of copyrighted works downloaded from an e-learning platform. Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 243 AACSB: Objective:

23.

E-learning can be extended to students who are not computer literate and do not have access to the Internet.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 243

Page 9: TIF_9780273761389_05

AACSB: Objective:

24.

Companies use social networks for training and development. Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 246 AACSB: Objective:

25.

Students do not learn as much in a virtual world, such as Second Life, as they normally do in a traditional classroom.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 247 AACSB: Objective:

26.

In VIS, static models display systems that evolve over time, and the evolution can be presented by animation.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page 10: TIF_9780273761389_05

Page Ref: 247-250 AACSB: Objective:

27.

According to Ellis (2009), a robust learning management system should be able to consolidate training initiatives on a scalable Web-based platform.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 248 AACSB: Objective:

28.

Durability, portability, and searchable text are three advantages of e-books. Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 250-251 AACSB: Objective:

29.

Competing software and hardware standards are one of several limitations of e-books. Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Page 11: TIF_9780273761389_05

Type: TF

Page Ref: 251 AACSB: Objective:

30.

Organizational knowledge is embedded in human capital, structured capital, and customer and partner capital.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 3

Type: TF

Page Ref: 252 AACSB: Objective:

31.

Knowledge management as it relates to EC and IT is easy to implement. Answer:

True

False Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Ref: 256 AACSB: Objective:

32.

Gurus is an online knowledge marketplace where experts exchange information with seekers via a live video chat session for a prearranged fee.

Answer:

True

False

Page 12: TIF_9780273761389_05

Diff: 3

Type: TF

Page Ref: 257 AACSB: Objective:

33.

Expert location systems are designed to assist in career development. Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 257 AACSB: Objective:

34.

Collaborative commerce is an e-commerce technology that can be used to improve collaboration within and among organizations, frequently in supply chain relationships.

Answer:

True

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 259 AACSB: Objective:

35.

C2C is an e-commerce model in which consumers sell directly to other consumers. Answer:

True

Page 13: TIF_9780273761389_05

False Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Ref: 265 AACSB: Objective:

36.

The three major elements of Caterpillar Inc.'s learning infrastructure include A)

a learning technology infrastructure. B)

an alignment strategy. C)

governance. D)

all of the above. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 231 AACSB: Objective:

37.

Caterpillar University enables e-learning through its knowledge management system called A)

CAT Universal Network. B)

CAT Prep. C)

Butterfly Knowledge Network. D)

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Caterpillar Knowledge Network. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 231 AACSB: Objective:

38.

The e-commerce model in which a government entity buys or provides goods, services, or information to businesses or individual citizens best defines

A)

e-business. B)

e-democracy. C)

e-government. D)

government integration. Answer:

C Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 232 AACSB: Objective:

39.

Which of the following is the e-government category that includes all the interactions between a government and its citizens?

A)

government-to-public. B)

government-to-citizens. C)

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government-to-business. D)

government-to-individuals. Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 232 AACSB: Objective:

40.

Each of the following is an example of e-government except a(n) A)

unemployed worker consulting a Web site operated by the state employment department to learn about job openings in his city.

B)

contractor submitting an application for a building permit using a city hall Web site. C)

citizen taking an online drivers' education course. D)

eBay-seller selling surplus army supplies. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 232 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

41.

An example of G2C is a(n) A)

road contractor using the Internet to submit a closed bid on a paving contract. B)

Page 16: TIF_9780273761389_05

employee at the Chamber of Commerce obtaining local demographic data from a U.S. census site. C)

regional hospital conducting an online reverse auction for cleaning supplies. D)

driver paying for the renewal of his auto tag online. Answer:

D Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

42.

Sharing information more quickly and conveniently between the federal and state, local, and tribal governments is a performance objective of which category of e-government?

A)

G2B B)

G2C C)

G2G D)

IEE Answer:

C Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Objective:

43.

Reducing the burden on business by enabling online tax filing is a performance objective of which category of e-government?

Page 17: TIF_9780273761389_05

A)

IEE B)

G2C C)

G2B D)

G2G Answer:

C Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Objective:

44.

Expanding access to information for people with disabilities is a performance objective of which category of e-government?

A)

G2C B)

G2G C)

IEE D)

G2B Answer:

A Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 233 AACSB: Objective:

Page 18: TIF_9780273761389_05

45.

Each of the following is a reason to implement electronic voting except A)

voting processes are historically subject to manipulation. B)

voting processes cannot be confirmed. C)

voting processes are subject to fraud or attempts to rig the votes. D)

voting processes inherently are subject to errors. Answer:

B Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 234 AACSB: Objective:

46.

Politicians are using each of the following to communicate with voters and citizens except A)

RFID. B)

YouTube. C)

blogs. D)

MySpace and Facebook. Answer:

A Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page 19: TIF_9780273761389_05

Page Ref: 234 AACSB: Objective:

47.

Which of the following is the e-government category that includes interactions between governments and businesses?

A)

government-to-business. B)

government-to-corporation. C)

government-to-enterprise. D)

government-to-government. Answer:

A Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 235 AACSB: Objective:

48.

Which of the following is the e-government category that includes activities within government units and those between governments?

A)

government-to-government B)

government-to-business C)

government-to-unit D)

government-to-practice Answer:

Page 20: TIF_9780273761389_05

A Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 236 AACSB: Objective:

49.

Which of the following is the e-government category that includes activities and services between government units and their employees?

A)

government-to-employees B)

government-to-business C)

government-to-division D)

government-to-unit Answer:

A Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 237 AACSB: Objective:

50.

Governments use Web 2.0 tools mainly for A)

collecting local, state, and federal taxes. B)

distributing unemployment and welfare benefits. C)

collaboration, dissemination of information, e-learning, online forums, and citizen engagement. D)

Page 21: TIF_9780273761389_05

procurement, voting, and e-learning. Answer:

C Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 238 AACSB: Objective:

51.

The way government makes use of Web 2.0 technologies to interact with citizens and provide government services best describes

A)

Democracy 2.0. B)

Government 2.0. C)

Social Networking 2.0. D)

Internet 2.0. Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 238 AACSB: Objective:

52.

According to an Australian Government 2.0 task force report, by embracing Government 2.0 governments can

A)

unlock the immense economic and social value of information and other content held by governments to serve as a precompetitive platform for innovation.

B)

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cultivate and harness the enthusiasm of citizens, letting them more fully contribute to their well-being and that of their community.

C)

make democracy more participatory and informed. D)

do all of the above. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 238 AACSB: Objective:

53.

The wireless implementation of e-government mostly to citizens but also to businesses best describes A)

government commerce. B)

mobile government. C)

Government 2.0. D)

Web 2.0. Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 239 AACSB: Objective:

54.

The business forces driving the transition from traditional education to online learning include each of the following except

A)

Page 23: TIF_9780273761389_05

network connectivity. B)

competition and cost pressures. C)

limited supply of faculty with specialized expertise. D)

technological change. Answer:

C Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 241 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

55.

The online delivery of information for purposes of education, training, or knowledge management best describes

A)

location-based learning. B)

edutainment. C)

mobile learning. D)

e-learning. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 241 AACSB: Objective:

Page 24: TIF_9780273761389_05

56.

Potential advantages of e-learning include each of the following except A)

college professors are anxious to develop new online courses. B)

it costs less to deliver education online than in a traditional classroom. C)

learning time is reduced. D)

knowledge retention is higher. Answer:

A Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 242 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

57.

Benefits of e-learning include A)

updated and consistent material. B)

flexibility and self-paced. C)

innovative teaching. D)

all of the above. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 242 AACSB:

Page 25: TIF_9780273761389_05

Objective:

58.

Potential drawbacks of e-learning include each of the following except A)

assessment issues remain to be resolved. B)

the intellectual property of content developers must be protected. C)

instructors must be retrained. D)

knowledge retention is lower than in traditional classrooms. Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 243 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

59.

Drawbacks of e-learning include A)

computer literacy. B)

maintenance and updating. C)

lack of face-to-face interaction and campus life. D)

all of the above. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Page 26: TIF_9780273761389_05

Type: MC

Page Ref: 243 AACSB: Objective:

60.

Most universities use e-learning A)

as a total replacement for traditional classrooms. B)

exclusively in reaching students who could not otherwise attend classes. C)

only when forced by administrators to use it as a way to recruit distant students or reduce costs. D)

as a supplementary channel to traditional classrooms. Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 244 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

61.

Formal education that takes place off campus, usually, but not always, through online resources best defines

A)

virtual university. B)

distance learning. C)

self-paced learning. D)

mobile learning.

Page 27: TIF_9780273761389_05

Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 244 AACSB: Objective:

62.

An online university from which students take classes from home or other offsite locations, usually via the Internet best describes

A)

click and mortar university. B)

Web 2.0 university. C)

distant university. D)

virtual university. Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 244 AACSB: Objective:

63.

Learning, training, and knowledge sharing in social networks and by using social software tools for learning best describes

A)

social learning. B)

computer-based learning. C)

Page 28: TIF_9780273761389_05

self-paced learning. D)

virtual learning. Answer:

A Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 246 AACSB: Objective:

64.

According to Derven (2009), social networking technology provides many creative means that can affect learning including

A)

engaging next generation learners. B)

providing content before a face-to-face learning event. C)

using it as a coaching and mentoring tool. D)

all of the above. Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 246 AACSB: Objective:

65.

Which of the following uses computer graphic displays to present the impact of decisions? A)

visual interactive simulation. B)

Page 29: TIF_9780273761389_05

FAQ. C)

information portal. D)

progressive dashboard. Answer:

A Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 247 AACSB: Objective:

66.

Which of the following provides learning to an employee while the work is being done? A)

information portal B)

learning on-demand C)

FAQ system D)

decision support system Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 248 AACSB: Objective:

67.

Software applications for the administration, documentation, tracking, and reporting of training programs, classroom and online events, e-learning programs and training content best describes

A)

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automated-question answer systems. B)

dashboards. C)

learning management systems. D)

visual performance systems. Answer:

C Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 248 AACSB: Objective:

68.

Which of the following is a Web 2.0 e-learning technology that offers almost 400 e-learning products, including a comprehensive library of Web-based classroom, distance-learning, and self-study curricula?

A)

eCollege B)

IBM Workplace Collaborative Learning 2.0 software C)

Macromedia D)

ComputerPrep Answer:

D Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 249 AACSB: Objective:

Page 31: TIF_9780273761389_05

69.

A focal point for all corporate training and learning activities, including online ones best describes A)

e-university. B)

online service center. C)

computer-based learning. D)

learning center. Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 249 AACSB: Objective:

70.

Which of the following is not a way that e-books can be delivered? A)

via Web download B)

via RFID C)

via Web access D)

via dedicated reader Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 250 AACSB: Use of information technology

Page 32: TIF_9780273761389_05

Objective:

71.

The exclusive online publication of Stephen King's e-book Riding the Bullet A)

was an unqualified success and established electronic publishing as a legitimate competitor for traditional publishers.

B)

was disrupted by hackers who breached security, then distributed free copies of the book. C)

was a failure because the cost of the book was too high. D)

produced very few sales. Answer:

B Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 250 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

72.

The primary advantage that e-books offer publishers is A)

the ability to reach many readers. B)

the ease of customizing textbooks and trade books. C)

lower production, marketing, and distribution costs. D)

the ease of updating books in real-time. Answer:

C Diff: 2

Page 33: TIF_9780273761389_05

Type: MC

Page Ref: 251 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

73.

A major purpose of an organizational knowledge base is to support and allow A)

responsible blogging. B)

e-learning. C)

organizational capital. D)

knowledge sharing. Answer:

D Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 252 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

74.

The process of capturing or creating knowledge, storing it, updating it constantly, disseminating it, and using it whenever necessary best describes

A)

information management. B)

data management. C)

knowledge management. D)

decision making. Answer:

Page 34: TIF_9780273761389_05

C Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 252 AACSB: Objective:

75.

The major tasks of knowledge management include each of the following except A)

managing knowledge. B)

capturing knowledge. C)

creating knowledge. D)

supplementing knowledge. Answer:

D Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Ref: 253 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

76.

Knowledge ________ involves using various computer-based tools and techniques to analyze transaction data and generate new ideas.

A)

management B)

capture C)

classification

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D)

creation Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 255 AACSB: Use of information technology Objective:

77.

Updating knowledge as time progresses best describes A)

knowledge classification. B)

knowledge evolution. C)

knowledge distribution. D)

knowledge codification. Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 255 AACSB: Objective:

78.

A system that locates, extracts, and provides specific answers to user questions expressed in natural language best describes

A)

decision support system. B)

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FAQ. C)

automated question-answer. D)

knowledge location system. Answer:

C Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Ref: 257 AACSB: Objective:

79.

The central point of control for an e-market best defines A)

information portal. B)

vendor hub. C)

vortal. D)

collaboration hub. Answer:

D Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 261 AACSB: Objective:

80.

A system in which retailers make their suppliers fully responsible for determining when to order and possibly how much to order best describes

A)

Page 37: TIF_9780273761389_05

customer relationship management. B)

vendor-managed inventory. C)

distribution management system. D)

supply chain management. Answer:

B Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Ref: 261 AACSB: Objective:

81.

Identify four categories of e-government. For each category, identify two performance objectives. Answer:

G2C, G2B, G2G, and IEE are four categories of e-government. For G2C, meeting the high public demand for information and increasing the number of citizens who use the Internet to find information on recreational opportunities are two performance objectives. For G2B, reducing the time to fill out export forms and locate information and reducing the burden on businesses by enabling online tax filing are two performance objectives. For G2G, decreasing response times for jurisdictions and disciplines to respond to emergency incidents and reducing the time to verify birth and death entitlement information are two performance objectives. For IEE, increasing availability of training programs for government employees and reducing the average time to process clearance forms are two objectives.

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Ref: 232-233 AACSB: Objective:

82.

List four specific benefits of e-learning. Answer:

Learning and training time reduction, large number and diversity of learners, innovative teaching, measurement and assessment of progress, cost reduction, higher content retention due to self-paced learning, richness and quality, flexibility and self-paced, updated and consistent material, ability to learn from mobile devices, expert knowledge, and fear-free environment are benefits of e-learning.

Diff: 2

Page 38: TIF_9780273761389_05

Type: ES

Page Ref: 242-243 AACSB: Objective:

83.

Define social learning. Identify five ways social networking technology can affect learning. Answer:

Social learning refers to learning, training, and knowledge sharing in social networks and using social software tools for learning. Link learners before and/or after a format learning event, use as a coaching and mentoring tool, reinforce and sustain learning, determine future training needs and issues, and provide content before a face-to-face learning event are five ways social networking technology can affect learning.

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Ref: 246 AACSB: Objective:

84.

Identify five advantages of e-books. Answer:

Advantages of e-books include portability, lower cost to buyers, searchable text, easy integration of content, and easy updating and reprinting.

Diff: 1

Type: ES

Page Ref: 250-251 AACSB: Objective:

85.

Identify five major challenges faced when deploying collaboration technologies. Answer:

Major challenges include insufficient budget, training end users, ROI difficult to measure, employee resistance, and ensuring security.

Diff: 3

Type: ES

Page Ref: 264 AACSB: Objective:

Page 39: TIF_9780273761389_05
Page 40: TIF_9780273761389_05

1.

TRUE

2.

TRUE

3.

FALSE

4.

TRUE

5.

TRUE

6.

FALSE

7.

TRUE

8.

TRUE

9.

TRUE

10.

TRUE

11.

FALSE

12.

TRUE

Page 41: TIF_9780273761389_05

13.

FALSE

14.

TRUE

15.

FALSE

16.

TRUE

17.

FALSE

18.

FALSE

19.

FALSE

20.

FALSE

21.

TRUE

22.

FALSE

23.

FALSE

24.

TRUE

Page 42: TIF_9780273761389_05

25.

FALSE

26.

FALSE

27.

TRUE

28.

TRUE

29.

TRUE

30.

TRUE

31.

FALSE

32.

FALSE

33.

TRUE

34.

TRUE

35.

TRUE

36.

D

37.

Page 43: TIF_9780273761389_05

D

38.

C

39.

B

40.

D

41.

D

42.

C

43.

C

44.

A

45.

B

46.

A

47.

A

48.

A

49.

A

Page 44: TIF_9780273761389_05

50.

C

51.

B

52.

D

53.

B

54.

C

55.

D

56.

A

57.

D

58.

D

59.

D

60.

D

61.

B

Page 45: TIF_9780273761389_05

62.

D

63.

A

64.

D

65.

A

66.

B

67.

C

68.

D

69.

D

70.

B

71.

B

72.

C

73.

D

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74.

C

75.

D

76.

D

77.

B

78.

C

79.

D

80.

B

81.

G2C, G2B, G2G, and IEE are four categories of e-government. For G2C, meeting the high public demand for information and increasing the number of citizens who use the Internet to find information on recreational opportunities are two performance objectives. For G2B, reducing the time to fill out export forms and locate information and reducing the burden on businesses by enabling online tax filing are two performance objectives. For G2G, decreasing response times for jurisdictions and disciplines to respond to emergency incidents and reducing the time to verify birth and death entitlement information are two performance objectives. For IEE, increasing availability of training programs for government employees and reducing the average time to process clearance forms are two objectives.

82.

Learning and training time reduction, large number and diversity of learners, innovative teaching, measurement and assessment of progress, cost reduction, higher content retention due to self-paced learning, richness and quality, flexibility and self-paced, updated and consistent material, ability to learn from mobile devices, expert knowledge, and fear-free environment are benefits of e-learning.

83.

Social learning refers to learning, training, and knowledge sharing in social networks and using social software tools for learning. Link learners before and/or after a format learning event, use as a coaching and mentoring tool, reinforce and sustain learning, determine future training needs and issues, and provide content before a face-to-face learning event are five ways social networking technology can affect

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learning.

84.

Advantages of e-books include portability, lower cost to buyers, searchable text, easy integration of content, and easy updating and reprinting.

85.

Major challenges include insufficient budget, training end users, ROI difficult to measure, employee resistance, and ensuring security.