Time to Take It Easy

Lesson One

Unit 12

Overview

• Pre-reading questions

• Getting to know the new words

• Background information

• A global picture

Pre-reading Questions

• What is time?

• What is leisure?

• What is the Chinese’s attitude towards work and leisure?

• What’s the Chinese’s attitude towards time?

• How is the Chinese’s attitude different from that of the westerners?

Patterns of Time

• Linear Pattern

past present future

• Cyclical Patternheaven

hellearth

Quotes on Time

• Time is money.

• No man in a hurry is quite civilized.

• Time is human; nature knows only change.

• Consider the past and you will know the present.

— Occidental saying

— Occidental saying

— Oriental saying

— Oriental saying

Getting to know the new words

• Reading aloud (pa.168)

• Meaning and use

• Word derivation

• Word association

• Word differentiation

Meaning & Use

• Siesta: <n.> an afternoon rest or nap, esp one taken during the hottest hours of the day in a hot climate (usu considered longer than a ‘nap’)– After lunch they would take a ~.– I went upstairs for my afternoon ~.

• Synonyms: catnap; snooze; forty winks; a bit of shut-eye; <infml.> zizz; <fml.> slumber

Meaning & Use

• Easy-going: <adj.> relaxed and tolerant in attitude or manner– Brown was friendly and ~.– I don’t like his laziness and his ~ ways.

我不喜欢他那种懒惰的松松垮垮的样子。– The book was written in a simple and ~ form.

这本书写得质朴而流畅。• Cf: out-going

Meaning & Use

• Govern: <v.> control, influence or regulate– Income must ~ expenditure.– Chance sometimes ~s the outcome of the ga

me.– In Britain the sovereign reigns but does not ~.

在英国，君主称王，但不治理国事。• Government: the system or the group of p

eople with the authority to govern• Governance: [U] the action or manner of

governing a state, or organization

Meaning & Use

• The Continent: <n.> western Europe not including Britain and Ireland 欧洲大陆

• Continental: <n./adj.> 欧洲大陆的 / 人This expression is based on the old idea that Britain is separated from, and very different from, the rest of Europe. It is typically used when talking about European countries as a place for holidays, but it is now becoming less common.

Meaning & Use

• Unstructured: <adj.> without formal organization or structure– The discussion was ~.

讨论不是预先组织好的。– We danced in completely ~ groupings.

我们完全随意地结对跳舞。• Antonym: structured

– As the trip wore on, I worried less and less about ~ time. 随着旅程的进展，我对严格安排的时间越来越不在乎了。

Meaning & Use

• Downtime <n.> = down time : time when one is not working or active– Downtime in Hollywood can cost a lot of mone

y. – Everyone needs down time to unwind.

每个人都需要闲暇时间来放松自己。• Antonym: uptime <U> time during which

a machine, esp a computer, is in operation

Meaning & Use

• Consume: <v.> use up– This process ~s enormous amounts of energy.– These factories ~d 600,000 tons of coal a day.

• Contemplation: <n.> deep reflective thought 沉思；深思熟虑；盘算– The road is too busy for leisurely ~ of the scen

ery.– He would retire to his room for study or ~.

Meaning & Use• Account: <n.>

– The ~s show that they have spent more than they received. 账面显示

– He has ~s with several banks.– She opened a savings ~ at the building societ

y.

• Spiritual: <adj.> of the spirit rather than the body (with religious connotation)

• Spiritualism: the belief that the dead may send messages to living people usually through a medium

Word Association

• 物质文明

• 精神文明

• Material civilization;

High living standards;

Sound economic development

• Cultural and ideological progress;

Advanced culture and ethics

Word Association• ill afford; ill-treated; ill-equipped; ill served; ill at

ease

• He seemed __________ and not his usual self during the party.

• He seems to me ____________ to cope with the responsibility.

• They live in an area __________ by public transport.

• These animals had been grossly ___________. • We can ___________ to lose another member of

staff.

ill at ease

ill-equipped

ill served

ill-treated

ill afford

Word Derivation

N.

contemplation account rebel

V.

edit

A.

N.

V.

govern consume

A.

relaxing structured

contemplate

contemplative

account

accountable

rebel

rebellious

edition/editor

editorial

government/governor

governing

consumption

consuming

relaxation

relax

structure

structure

Word Derivation

N. Europe France Spain

A.

N. Italy Britain

A. American

N. Switzerland Norway

A. Swedish

European French Spanish

Italian British

America

Sweden

Swiss Norwegian

Word Differentiation

• Poll vs. Toll

• The latest opinion ______ puts the Democrats in the lead.

• Half the people ______ said they would pay more for environmentally-friendly food.

• There is usually heavy death _____ on the roads at Christmas.

poll

polled

toll

Word Differentiation

• Consume vs. Use• Arguing about details _________ many

hours of the committee’s valuable time. • The fire soon _________ the wooden

buildings. • The company ______ a computer to do its

accounts. • The crowd refused to move, so the police

had to ______ tear gas.

consumed

consumed

uses

use

Word Differentiation

• Idealistic vs. Spiritual

• He was full of youthful _________.

• He’s too much of an ________ for this government.

• She’s English, but India is her _______ home.

• We are concerned about your ________ welfare.

idealism

idealist

spiritual

spiritual

Word Differentiation

• Staff vs. Stuff

• The manager turned a blind eye when his ______ were late.

• It is a hospital ______ with 20 doctresses.

• What’s this sticky ______ on the floor?

• Have you brought your swimming _____?

• Such experiences are the (very) _____ of life.

staff

staffed

stuff

stuff

stuff

Word Differentiation

• Contemplation vs. Meditation• He reached his decision after a good deal

of ______________.• She bought three dresses in __________

of her trip.• She found peace through yoga and

____________.• He was deep in ___________ and didn’t

see me come in.

contemplationcontemplation

meditationmeditation

Background Information

• European/Continental work ethic: • Traditionally the Continental Europeans consider

easy life very important and they take vacation or holidays as their holy right which should never be taken away. Once they feel the right being intruded, they will regain it through/on strikes.

• The European Union Directive authorizes the continentals to enjoy at least 4 weeks paid-leave annually. And in many European countries, the actual paid holidays are longer than this.

Background Information

• American work ethic: • Continental American work ethic largely derives

from puritanical belief based on strict moral and religious principles, including hard work, self-reliance and using time for practical purposes.

• This puritanical influence seems still to persist in Anglo-Americans. They are brought up hearing people saying, “Time is money” and “Don’t waste so much time.”

• That might help explain why fast food restaurants, one-stop gas stations, and microwave ovens originated in the United States.

Background Information

• In Britain:

• Britain is the only country which has increased its weekly working hours in the past decade.

• Every worker in the UK work 1673 hours yearly, which means about 100 hours more than that of the European Union.

• A research done in 2003 shows that 16% of the British workers complained them overworking for 48 hours a week.

A Global Picture

• What type of writing is the text?

• What is the author’s purpose of writing?

• What do you think of the nationality of the author?

• Who are the intended readers?

• How many parts does the text fall into?

• What is the main idea of each part?

Structure of the Text• Part I (para.1-2):

– Introduction — a sharp contrast

• Part II (para.3-4): – Work ethic — a major difference

• Part III (para.5-8): – Analysis of the American attitude to work

• Part IV (para.9-12): – Oliver James’s view about time

• Part V (pa.13-14): – Conclusion

Poem Appreciation

• The following poem was said to be written by a 7-year-old girl named Amy Bruce dying of lung cancer and a brain tumor, though some people claimed that it was actually written by a doctor in New York Hospital.

Slow DanceHave you ever watched kids on a merry-go-round Or listened to the rain slapping on the ground?Ever followed a butterfly’s erratic flight?Or gazed at the sun into the fading night?

You’d better slow downDon’t dance so fastTime is shortThe music won’t last

Poem

Slow DanceDo you run through each day on the fly?When you ask “How are you?” do you hear the reply?When the day is done, do you lie in your bedWith the next hundred chores running through your head?

You’d better slow downDon’t dance so fastTime is shortThe music won’t last

Poem

Slow DanceEver told your child,We’ll do it tomorrowAnd in your haste, not see his sorrow?Ever lost touch,Let a good friendship die‘Cause you never had time to call and say “Hi”?

You’d better slow downDon’t dance so fastTime is shortThe music won’t last

Poem

Slow DanceWhen you run so fast to get somewhereYou miss half the fun of getting thereWhen you worry and hurry through your days,It is like an unopened gift…Thrown away…

Life is not a race.Do take it slowerHear the musicBefore the song is over.

If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different

drummer.

Thank you! Thank you!

Lesson 2: Overview

• Word review

• Comprehension check

• Notes on the text

• Language points

• Sentence highlights

Word Review

• In a Newsweek p___ last week, 85 percent of Americans said there should be equal rights for gays and lesbians in terms of job opportunities .

• The interview was noisy and u_________.• She was lost in c______________ of the

scene in front of her.• Lots of people were taking a short s_____

in the shade.

poll

unstructured

contemplation

siesta

Word Review

• He sees no signs of improvement in the UK and c__________ economy.

• Network and server d________ is costing companies hundreds of thousands of dollars in business and productivity losses.

• The a________ show we have spent more than we received.

• The e_________ teacher often allowed his student extra time for assignments.

continental

downtime

accounts

easygoing

Word Review

• Her __________ (rebel) attitude is just a reaction against her strict upbringing.

• _________ (govern) George welcomed the Queen to Hawaii with a lei of orchids.

• He worked on the paper for fifty years, latterly as its political _______ (edit).

• Industrialized countries should reduce their energy ____________ (consume).

rebellious

Governor

editor

consumption

Word Review

• Hard work is essential. But there's also a time for rest and _________ (relaxing).

• An __________ (account) is a person whose job is to keep financial accounts.

• Mr. Simpson is a ________ and thoughtful teacher.

• Some customers need 99% or better ____ (downtime) from their mainframe computers.

relaxation

accountant

dedicated

uptime

主机运行时间

Idiom Review

• The whole company ___________ for 3 weeks' summer holiday.

• Now no use getting fussed. ___________.

• __________ I receive five emails each day.

• Johnny had never been to a big party before and he was ___________.

• It is not really ____ her _______ to be aggressive.

shuts down

Take it easy

On average

ill at ease

in nature

Idiom Review• Don't ______ time on trifles. • ______ time to pull yourself away from all

the noise and just look around you.• While I was waiting for her, I ______ time

by looking in the show window.• It is ______ time that the legal profession

reformed itself. • Even in group activities, there is always

____________ time left for individuals to do what they please.

Take

waste

killed

high

unstructured

Comprehension Check

• What does summer mean to the continental Europeans?

• Do the British and the Americans have the same idea?

• The first two paragraphs draw a picture of sharp contrast between busy Americans (and Britons) and easy-going continental Europeans.

Europe

Notes

• Europe– Britain– Spain– Italy– Sweden

The Department of Labor

• The US Department of

Labor （劳工部） is the

US government department

concerned with how workers

are treated by employers.

It examines subjects such as fair wages, safety, and the number of hours worked each week.

Language Points

• Take it easy (title)– Take it easy. If you don’t rest enough, you

won’t perform.– Take it easy, we’ve got plenty of time.

• Shut down (para.1)– The factory was ~ down for lack of funds.– The power station has been ~ down for

essential maintenance.

Language Points

• Sleep through (para.1)– I don’t know how you could have slept throug

h that dreadful noise– The alarm clock went off, but I just slept throu

gh it. 闹钟响了，但我没醒，仍在睡觉。

• Cool (para.1)– He loved the ~ of the early morning.– She left the midday sun for the ~ of the shade.

Language Points

• On average (para.2)– We receive 20 letters a day on ~.– On ~, people who don’t smoke are healthier

than people who do.

• Compare with (para.2)– Sales were modest and cannot ~ with the

glory days of 1999.– A pencil is not to be ~d with a knife.

Metonymy 借代

• Summer is coming, and much of Europe is getting ready to… France spends…

• Metonymy means to substitute one thing for another with which it is closely associated.– A pen is mightier than a sword.– The blue eye is coming.– He had to earn his daily bread by doing odd

jobs.

Comprehension Check

• What do you know about the American work ethic?

• How do American people feel about their hard work?

• What is one of the big arguments within the European Union?

• According to the Americans, your work represents yourself. If you pay little attention to your work, you’re neglecting yourself.

Note: Britons (para.4)

• The British people seldom use “Briton” or “Britisher”, the former is mainly used in the titles of newspaper articles, such as “THREE BRITONS DIE IN AIR CRASH”, whereas the latter is used only by the Americans and people in other countries. In fact, there is no such a word that may be used to address people of the UK as a whole, so the British people would rather refer to themselves as the Whales, the Irish or the English. If necessary, they would use the adjective, as in “He’s British”.

Language Points

• Ethic (para.3)– It is against medical ~s for physicians to

advertise.– There should be a code of business ~s which

indicates how clients are to be served.

• Govern (para.4)– You should ~ your temper.– The rights of our citizens are ~ed by charter.

Comprehension Check

• What issue are Americans finding time to think about?

• What does Al Gini mean when he says “…my future is shorter than my past… I’ve got to take time now because, like it or not, time will be taken away from me”?

• According to Professor Gini, what is the Americans’ view about free time? And does he agree with them?

Professor Al Gini

• What is the nationality of Professor Al Gini?

• What is his book mainly about?

• Refer to note 5 on page 169.

• …the fine / art of doing nothing.

Loyola University Chicago

• It is a private Jesuit （耶稣会） university located in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

• The university was established in 1870 as Saint Ignatius College by the Roman Catholic religious order of the Society of Jesus and bears the name of the Jesuit patron, Saint Ignatius of Loyola （圣依纳爵） .

• It is the largest Jesuit University in the United States.

• The University as a whole was ranked the 50th best value in the country.

School Gate

Saint Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556)

• A Spanish priest (missionary) who used to be a militaryman

• He established the Catholic Society of Jesus and became the first head of it.

Statue of St Ignatius Loyola

Sentence Highlight

• … my future is shorter than my past… I’ve got to take time now because, like it or not, time will be taken away from me. (para.5)

• I’ve already spent most of my life in this world… I have to do things leisurely now because, no matter whether I like it or not, my time will soon run out.

Sentence Highlight

• The real problem… is not so much work but the Western attitude to time. (para.6)

• The real problem has less to do with work than with the Western attitude to time.

Sentence Highlight

• Unstructured time, dead time, downtime, wasted time — it makes us ill at ease. (para.7)

• Either time spent without proper planning or without doing anything or simply wasted makes us nervous and uncomfortable.

Sentence Highlight

• Yet the idea that time should be spent doing something runs very deep in Anglo-American culture. (para.8)

• Yet the idea… is deep-rooted in…• Anglo-American: American who is descended fro

m a British family• Here we have a metaphor in which “Anglo-Ameri

can culture” is compared to a river, and “the idea” is compared to “a kind of curent”.– Still water runs deep. 静水深流。

Language Points

• Take time (para.5)– The workmen seem to be taking their time

over repairing the road!– There’s no hurry; take your time!

• Like it or not (para.5)– Like it or not, the Internet is becoming an

indispensable part of our life.– He should be made to realize, like it or not,

that he is already a bit too old for the job.

Language Points

• Take away from (para.5): remove– His refusal to accept the prize does not ~

away from his success in winning it.– Supermarkets are taking business away from

small local shops.– Take these chairs away — we don’t need

them.– If you ~ 4 away from 12 you get 8.

Language Points

• Call (para.6)– There have been ~s for the government to rel

ease the detainees.

• Not so much… but (para.6): = not… as much as 与其说……不如说– It wasn’t so much his appearance I like as his

personality.– He is not so much unintelligent as uneducated.– He was treated not so much negligently as dis

respectfully.

Language Points

• In one’s nature (para.7)– It is not in her ~ to be rude; she’s polite by ~.– It is not really in her ~ to be aggressive.– He is by ~ inclined to be rather lazy.

• Ill at ease (para.7)– With two sons bedridden, Mrs Smith was ill at

ease.– She was a bit ill at ~ when she first met

her boyfriend’s parents.

Comprehension Check

• How does the British psychologist Oliver James relate people’s happiness with the increase of wealth?

• What do those “anti-work” campaigners believe in?

• Who is Bian Dean? What is his suggestion?

• How does Professor Gini define “being lazy”?

Oliver James

• A British psychologist who has published four books

• In one of his books Britain on the Couch, he intends to tell the reader why the British people today are unhappier compared with 1950, despite being richer.

Anxiety Culture

• Website:

www.anxietyculture.com

• Anxiety Culture is a web magazine with a wealth of ideas and gimmicks for navigating the crazy, paranoid, work-obsessed, media-crapulent times we live in.

tricks妄想 /偏执 /多疑

的

暴饮暴食的 /无节制的

Sentence Highlight

• …the citizens of the richest are no more likely to say they are happier than those… (para.9)

• …the citizens of the richest nations are no more likely than those from the poorest nations to say that they are happy.

Sentence Highlight

• …people should work to live, not live to work (para.11)

• Socrates: “Other men live to eat, while I eat to live.”

• …people should work in order to live, not live in order to work.

• We work because we need to keep ourselves alive, but work is not the most important thing, let alone the only thing, in life.

Sentence Highlights

• As well as publishing guides on how to do nothing creatively, these work rebels organize events like “national phone in sick day”… (para.11)

• Besides offering suggestions in their magazines on how to spend one’s free time in a creative way, these “anti-work” advocates organize events like “national phone in sick day”…

Sentence Highlight

• …how you feel going into work on Monday morning. (para.12)

• People are likely to feel sick on Monday morning.

• Researchers in depression studies have found that after vacations, holidays, or weekend breaks, people tend to have letdown. This minor depression is technically termed as “holiday syndrome”.

Sentence Highlight

• The message seems to be getting through. (para.12)

• It seems that the idea is getting across to people.

• People are beginning to understand the message.

Language Points

• Meet… need (para.10)– The workers’ demands for higher pay were

not met by the management.– They’ll only agree to sign the contract if

certain conditions are met.– Do you think we will be able to ~ our

deadline?

• Dedicate to (para.11)– The novel is ~d to the memory of his mother.– He ~s his Saturdays to football.

Language Points

• As well as (para.11)– I want to visit Andrew as well as Martin.– They sell book as well as newspapers.– She is a talented musician as well as being a

photographer.

• Rebel (para.11)– The ~s took control of the capital.– She insists she never started out to be a ~.– This painting is a best representation of the

modernist concept of the artist as a ~, challenging society’s norms.

Language Points• Phone in (para.11): to telephone to report

– He ~d in the results of the poll.– How many of our salesmen have ~d in so far?– Over 300 people ~d in to complain.– She ~d in sick this morning.

• Take … off (pa.11)– I’m ~ing a week off over Christmas.– I’ve decided to ~ a few days off next week.– The show was ~n off because of poor audienc

e figures.

Language Points

• Get through (para.12)– Her father has been trying to ~ it through to

her that she must work harder if she wants to pass the exam.

– When he’s in this strange mood, I just can’t ~ through to him.

• Admit to (para.12)– He cheerfully ~s to being the wrong side

of fifty.

Language Points

• Work at (para.13)– Most couples would agree that for a marriage

to succeed, both parties have to ~ at it.– You need to ~ at improving your writing.

• Carry on (para.13)– We can ~ on our discussion after lunch.– Carry on with your work.– Even after the music started, they carried on

talking.

Sentence Highlight• They will have to work hard at learning to

be lazy. (para.13)

• In this sentence, the author raises a paradoxical problem in a jocular way.– It’s a paradox, but the older she gets the more

active she is.– There is the apparent paradox of simultaneou

s unemployment and skilled-labour shortages.

seemingly absurd or self-contradictory

humorous or playful

Sentence Highlight

• It is something you have to prepare for. (para.14)

• This is the advice for those who “often forget to relax”.

Sentence Highlight

• According to Professor Gini, what is “the gentle art of doing ‘nothing’? (para.14)

• Stop working, doing something you would rather be doing.

• The relaxed way of doing something that is not related to one’s work.

Expansion

• She's never shown any sign of having a mind of her own. Sill waters run deep.

她从不流露自己有什么想法 , 深藏不露。• On Monday I was still upset and I phoned i

n sick to work.

• She took part in a BBC radio phone-in programme.

• He deals in antiques and fine art.

他经营古董和艺术品。

Expansion• Modesty is the gentle art of enhancing your

charm by pretending not to be aware of it.

谦虚是不露痕迹地提高个人魅力的艺术。• How I wished that I could just sleep throug

h Christmas!

我多么希望能在圣诞节时呼呼大睡一整天 !

• I can’t get it through to him that smoking is bad for his health.

我没法说服他接受吸烟有害健康的道理。

Time works wonder.

Thank you!

Lesson 3: Overview

• Students’ duty report

• Translation practice

• Exercises

• Oral practice

Students’ Report

• European Union

• Message of Mime

Note

Member States of the European Union

• Growth of European Union

Notes

Message of Time

• Two Cultural Modes of Time:• Monochronic-time (M-time)

– the custom of handling events sequentially or one by one

• Polychronic-time (P-time)– the ability to attend to multiple events

simultaneously

— from The Silent Language (1959)

by Edward T. Hall (anthropologist)

Sentence Translation

• Compare

• Meet

• Contemplate

• On average

• Shut down

• Dedicate to

• Carry on

• Make a comparison

Translation Practice

• The report compares the different types of home computers currently available.

• Life is poetically compared to the morning dew.

• She was pleased to discover that her work compared favorably with her older sister’s.

她高兴地发现自己的作业比姐姐的好。

在诗歌中，人生被比喻为朝露。

Translation Practice

• 我的个人问题和人民的利益比起来似乎微不足道。

• 她可爱得无与伦比。• Standards in health c

are have improved enormously compared to 40 years ago.

• My own problems seem insignificant compared with people’s.

• She is lovely beyond compare.

• 和 40年前相比，医疗保障水平已经得到了极大的改善。

Translation Practice

• 他们的价格比竞争者的要优惠。• Their prices compare favorably with those

of their competitors.

• 这所学校堪比该国最好的学校。• This school compares with the best in the

country.

Translation Practice

• You could make a comparison between schools in China and in America, but it wouldn’t be fair.

• He tried to make a comparison between religion and superstition.

• It is difficult to make a comparison with her previous book — they are completely different.

Translation Practice

• Until these conditions are met we cannot proceed with the sale.

• Do you think we will be able to meet our deadline?

• The workers’ demands for higher pay were not met by the management.

工人们要求加薪的请求没有得到资方的满足。

Translation Practice

• 在世界许多地方，没有足够的食物来满足所有人的需求。

• In many parts of the world, there is not enough food to meet everyone’s needs.

• 加入某些条件得不到满足，他们是不会同意在合同上签字的。

• They’ll only agree to sign the contract if certain conditions are met.

Translation Practice

• The thought of war is too awful to contemplate.

• You are too young to be contemplating retirement.

• She contemplated him in silence.

• He reached his decision after a good deal of contemplation.

Translation Practice

• Women are still paid less than men — earning on average about three quarters of men’s pay.

• On average, Mary’s mother has to ask her three times before she helps with the dishes.

• 平均每年有 400人死于这种疾病。• 一辆新车平均要花费 5500美元 .• A new car costs, on ~, about $5500.

Translation Practice

• On Monday, the power supply will be shut down for the whole building.

• The company has threatened to shut down the mine if the strike is not resolved.

• If an accident occurs, the safety device automatically shuts down the assembly line.

• 这家剧场经营半个多世纪后倒闭了。• 这家工厂因缺乏资金而倒闭。

The theatre shut down after more than half a century.

The factory was shut down for lack of funds.

Translation Practice

• The doctor dedicated much of his time and energy to finding a cure for the disease.

• 他毕生致力于帮助穷人。• He dedicated his life to helping the poor.

• A monument was dedicated to the memory of the soldiers who had died there.

• He dedicates his weekends to karate （空手道） .

Translation Practice

• The struggle for liberation will carry on long after I am dead.

• It was almost too dark to see properly, but he carried on to the end of the book.

• Carry on the good work! • After he left I just tried to carry on as norm

al.• 我不在时你们接着干。• 他们一直讨论到深夜。

干得不错，继续努力吧。

Carry on with your work while I’m away.

They carried on the discussion late into the night.

Vocabulary Exercises

• Refer to Exercise V on page 171.• uniform unicorn; unicycle; unify; unity • uni-: one; single• monopoly monotone; monologue; monolin

gual; monogamy• mono-: one; single; alone• bicycle bilateral; bilingual; biweekly• bi-: two

Vocabulary Exercises

• di-: two; double diphthong; dioxide• multilateral multicolored; multistorey; multi

media; multiracial; multicultural• multi-: many; more than one• homophone homograph; homosexual • homo-: same • panacea panorama; pantheism; pan-Pacifi

c• pan-: including all

Grammar Exercises

• Exercise II on page 172

• Exercise IV on page 173

Oral Activity

• Group Work– First do the following questions. Then

compare your choices with other members of the group and see if there are any individual differences. Discuss what effects such differences may have upon your interaction with each other.

– Get ready to share your findings in a group presentation.

Question 1

• If you were invited to another family’s house for dinner when would you arrive?

A. Just on time.

B. A few minutes before the scheduled time.

C. 10 minutes later.

D. 20 minutes later.

E. Half an hour later.

Question 2

• How long would you have to wait in a line in the post office before you became upset?

A. 5 minutes.

B. 10 minutes.

C. 15 minutes.

D. 20 minutes.

E. Half an hour.

Question 3

• How long do you think a party at which dinner is served should last?

A. 1 to 2 hours.

B. 3 hours or so.

C. 4 hours or so.

D. 5 hours or so.

E. As long as people involved like.

Question 4

• If you were having a party in your class, how many days in advance would you invite your friends from another college?

A. Just on the day of the party.

B. One day in advance.

C. Several days in advance.

D. More than one week in advance.

E. Three or four weeks in advance.

Question 5

• When first meeting a newcomer to your class or a friend’s parents, an appropriate amount of time to talk with them would be

A. 5 minutes.

B. 10 minutes.

C. 20 minutes.

D. Half an hour.

E. 1 hour or more.

Question 6

• If you had an appointment with a professor at 8:00 and arrived at 8:45, how would the professor react?A. He wouldn’t care.B. He would refuse to talk with you.C. He would excuse you if you had called.D. He would consider you irresponsible.E. He would be insulted.

Time is, time was, and time is past.

Thank you!