The North

The South

By Kings Floyd

Wilmot Proviso1846

Compromise of 1850

EVENTS THAT PULLED THE TRIGGER ON THE CIVIL WAR

Fugitive slave act

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Republicans

Anthony Burns

Kansas-Nebraska

Dred Scott

Lincoln

Crittenden compromise

-provided an appropriation of $2 million to enable President Polk to negotiate a territorial settlement with Mexico.-introduced an amendment to the bill stipulating that none of the territory acquired in the Mexican War should be open to slavery.-the bill was passed in the House, but the Senate adjourned without voting on it.

Wanted the proviso to be passed and therefore voted for it to pass through the House and the Senate. David Wilmot was a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania, and  took a leading part in the founding of the Republican Party in 1854. He wrote the proviso as a strategy to prevent a civil war, which worked for awhile.

Would not vote on it and therefore it was rejected from the senate.

-  Texas would relinquish the land in dispute but would be given 10 million dollars- Regarding Washington, the slave trade would be abolished in the District of Columbia, although slavery would still be permitted. - California would be admitted as a free state. -The Fugitive Slave Act was passed.

was not keen on the compromise of 1850. It wanted to help free slaves, but because of the Fugitive slave act, there would be consequences for their actions. This act caused many infamous cases that were key in dividing the nation even more

had a different idea. They thought the compromise was, if not enitirely fair, a way to settle the slavery issue. The compromise however was only temporary, because the south and the north were not happy with the results.

The Compromise of 1850 accomplished what it set out to do -- it kept the nation united -- but the solution was only temporary. 

Fugitive Slave Act1850

The fugitive slave act was a part of the Compromise of 1850. The act said that for any slave, free or not, returned to the owner would get a payment of $10. The slaves had no right to a trial by jury, and by any chance the slave was released, the person who set them free would only receive $5. The north was so outraged that the laws were passed that it inspired Harriet Beecher Stowe to right Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

Was absolutely outraged, and riots broke out in many towns. The north tried to pass legislation designed to hamper the federal commissioners' activities, but the government declared them unconstitutional.

Saw these laws a compromise for making California a free state. They were overall happy with the law, because many slaves, free or not, were being returned to the south.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin1852 

Harriet Beecher Stowe was born in Connecticut and she was an active abolitionist> Her novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, focuses on the character of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave around whom the stories of other characters—both fellow slaves and slave owners—revolve. The story was a great push in the direction of pointing out the injustices of slavery, and the bookwas the best-selling novel of the 19th century, and the second best-selling book of that century, following the Bible.

Was enthralled with the book. They thought the book pointed out significant point on the injustice of slavery and used it as motivation for fighting the south.

Was enraged at the book, because they felt the book was not accurate, and didn’t portray slavery correctly. They tried to stifle the popularity of the book, but to no avail. The books reputation preceded it and it was an amazing success.

Republican PartyThe Republican Party name was christened in an editorial written by New York newspaper magnate Horace Greeley. Greeley printed in June 1854: "We should not care much whether those thus united (against slavery) were designated 'Whig,' 'Free Democrat' or something else; though we think some simple name like 'Republican' would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery."

/The start of the Republican Party led to the downfall of the Whigs and the American (know-nothing) Party.

Anthony Burns WalkJune 2, 1854

Anthony Burns was a very privileged slave, however he wanted more then just privileges, he wanted his rights and his freedom. when he got his chance, Anthony boarded a boat and headed north to Boston, a fugitive, but free. He sent a letter to his brother but his master, Charles Suttle of Alexandria, Virginia, found out about where he was, he went to retrieve Anthony and bring him back to VA.

The Northerners could not hide Anthony because of the fugitive slave act, however they did hold a rally. Two groups, one made up of freed slaves and one made up of white abolitionists met to try and free Anthony. Both failed, and Anthony was walked onto a boat that sailed for VA.

The southerners were behind the master, Charles Suttle. Even the President at that time,  Franklin Pierce, was firm on the fact that Burns had to return to Virginia. He ordered marines and artillery  to see him home.

A black church soon raised $1300 to purchase Burns' freedom. In less than a year Anthony Burns was back in Boston, a free man.

Kansas Nebraska actMay 30, 1854

It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36°30´.

Was furious because they thought the Mississippi Compromise was a long-standing, binding agreement.

In the pro-slavery South it was strongly supported, and many southerners rushed into the territory to settle pro-slavery territory.

So much disagreement in the area led to “the Bleeding of Kansas”, and President Franklin Pierce had to send in troops to resolve the situation.

The Dred Scott Case1857

It was declared in March 1857 by the US Supreme Court that no black, slave or not, could ever become a citizen of the United States. The court also declared the 1820 Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, thus permitting slavery in all of the country's territories.

The case before the court was that of Dred Scott v. Sanford. Dred Scott, a slave who had lived in the free state of Illinois and the free territory of Wisconsin before moving back to the slave state of Missouri, had appealed to the Supreme Court in hopes of being granted his freedom. 

/The judge stated that in reference to the Declaration of Independence that all men are created equal; "it is too clear for dispute, that the enslaved African race were not intended to be included, and formed no part of the people who framed and adopted this declaration. . . .“

Fredrick Douglass announced, "my hopes were never brighter than now." HE thought the decision would bring slavery to the attention of the nation and was a step toward slavery's ultimate destruction. 

Nomination of LincolnLincoln was nominated in 1860 and became president in 1861. Not an abolitionist, he held the slavery issue secondary to that of preserving the Union, but soon decided that the war could not be brought to a successful conclusion without freeing the slaves. 

Was happy, as the slaves were eventually freed and slavery was officially ended.

Experienced a great economic downturn with no more slaves. They had to change their whole way of living and were not happy about the outcome of the war.

The Crittenden Compromise1860-61

The Crittenden Compromise was the last effort to resolve the secession crisis of 1860-61 by political negotiation. Authored by Kentucky Senator John Crittenden (whose two sons would become generals on opposite sides of the Civil War) it was an attempt to resolve the crisis by addressing the concerns that led the states of the Lower South to contemplate secession.

The Compromise, proposed December 18, 1860, consisted of a six proposed constitutional amendments, and four proposed Congressional resolutions.

None of them worked out.

Bibliography

•http://www.infoplease.com/biography/us/congress/wilmot-david.html

•http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0852373.html

•http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2915.html

•http://www.nationalcenter.org/FugitiveSlaveAct.html

•http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h137.html

•http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=W000566

•http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4h2933.html

•http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm