Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Iowa State University Capstones, Theses andDissertations

1950

Tissue tests as indicators of mineral nutrition ofcottonHoward Ernest JohamIowa State College

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Recommended CitationJoham, Howard Ernest, "Tissue tests as indicators of mineral nutrition of cotton " (1950). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 13872.https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/13872

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d#-|«yiBlaatlon IS 0&i@lw d e t « i ® i ] i a t ! # & • • • 4 . 1 3

flMit IsTdStigatloa, flie S«l«@ti<im'ef Saapliag fisTO«*15

S«0©ai Iat«»tigati.@a." ' • ' Stmiy*<,•••.••••••»««#*24

ttlari lawitigatiom.' fi#ld Studr. 40 f©nr-t& lamBtigmtiea* ^Sreeiihous®

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The rapit ®a:p®msl#a ©f tto# ma® Qf ftrtillzer® hm mi®

it that ©xistiag iate ©a %k9 aiatral req*iir@m@ats of

til® ©ott0a plaat' tr# far tmm a<i@tuat«, Tissm# tests Msv«

hm& appli«i t© mm irai'len® trmet #r©ps mi, liaT® affori-

©i a mmM of ®«tiaatia,g tb® »*iti»ittoaal statms ©f the plaat,

Th& .appli#ati@a of saita.ibi« tissme t®st« to ©ottos 8homl4 b®

@f similar falii#, . first ptoas® ©f tlii® prograa was the

8®lfi@ti©a of pwfdi? «sli«aieal a#tli®ts m€ th« a«t«riii.aatioa

of tite pertioa ,©f plast t© b® ffae relatioa ©scist-

iag he'^mn tfe® aTailaMliti* ©f a etrtaia ©leawt or «ltment»

t© %k9 plaat aaa tii« ©eattatratiua ®f tl©s© ®l««iits in tb#

mpmtmmt&X %iM»m .amst fe© kaewm, fli© p®8»i%ilit|' of iat«r-

aftioas lt#tw®®a amtriaat ©leatats aai tMe laflm,®ae® ©f saefe

iateraetioas ©a tk® l#v®l ©f ®l«ffl«ats im tb# tlsfw being

testti la iMpertisat la the efalmatloa ©f resmlts tmm timum

teats, •

Am attempt Ms b®«a mai# to eorrelatt jieM. with tM«

©oae«atrattdja of •a*iti»i«»t- tl«a®ats la thm «p®rim«atal ti«»w®

io am effort to ««tabll»& a mmm9 wbiefa w©iiia be of Talrn#

i® •obtaiaiag •eaflr ©.st^laet# ©f fr©am«tiTit|' as well as ©f

amtyieat i®fi0i®tt«|f.

It is topei that the rssmlti ©f tli« testi aait will

2 #

fmafaisli basi© iaforaatiea ipoa tii© mimml amtritioa ©t

©©ttoa plamt aoA tiiat ?©r ® «©r® «fflot«at

of aay fee fossitel®*

9

3»

gIfllW OF LlflllTOll•

fli® tis»m tests i#T®lop«4 at fmrto® falTersity ar«

btisg us«i im dlftga©s#s ©f m%Timt gafieieaoies in com

|8|14,lf ,gl) • fhes# te«ts &m ••«i»twaatitatiT®

tests** aad teT« tfe«ir Msia la tli® mmmpt of ••ejpitioal

Melstei ilO) state® that tay tmiek

test whlefei aeasmrss allia«©ts im ArofS Is tmfejeet t© larg#

mvmiTB* fM® Pifdu® ti®sm® tests# hmmeT,- Mm proTta their

ifalm© la i«t«Miialag tb® iiffertae© ifeatwt©® « .TOffieitnt aad

a«fi«i«iit a»ttiat of altr©g©a, or potassiwi ia

til# tlssmta m&mm&A* ImM iZl) iitilia«€ tlit Fiiifdtt# ti»8af

tests on ©era gr®WM ©a r&jeima %jpm@ ©f ladiaaa soils« Tlie

e©me®atratl©a of tlit fl®a®iit» ia t&® e®r.ii statt vari®<l wltfe

the SQil typt aaS past treataeatj; towavtr, the altaeat

liaitiag ^rmth %e S«t®ot®i im m®st ©aa®8.

Aeo©r€iiig to Sofftr 18} thm ls©st tii^' to mte tests ©a

@©ra is wli®ii tl® flamts a,i?© beariag mm m& are w«ll al©og-

in aaturitj* 1« states that th® greatest iateriretativ®

mlm® la at th# ®ai' of tht irowiag stasoa, ©in©® syaptoma

of aalmmtritioa r«aoli thaly aaxiaw ®xpr«8si©n at that time.

fh« T«lm« ©f isf©»Bati©ft oibt®ia@a this lat« ia th« smmom

is li»itei W th® tm% that mmmmrm eanaot h«

tak®t matil th® folluwiag irowiag s#as©tt«

la the .Parte# tissii# t«»ts, altp©g©a ani pli®spli©ptts

are fi«t©»ia©4 ilrtetly hf applisatloa of tb« reagemts t©

tto.® split »ra stalte. fotasslam is aeterMlaefl iaiireetlj

fey a a@a»»© ©f tii© aaeaat ©f imm ®eei»iilat©i. la the

tissmt* ffetr® is a atgative 0orr«latl@a. lj©tw©#n ir©a aeetma-

latiett &a& p0tas®i*» mmmts^rntiQm @f '©©ra plaats grown

m #®rtaia s©iX ti'pas.

a©ff®r i&) a©t#i a 4lr®et r®iati0asliif 1|«tw«®a ©aleita

appli®4 at rates ©f ©n® t© foar t©ai aa aer# aad irea adeama*

latiaa ia th© aatal tissa® @f tM mm stalk* fhis r«salt

«a®®st» aa immtB® r@latioa eelsiam aad potassiaa

afeaorptlea* Sa©li iattraotioas are impartaat ia th# iaterpr®-

tatioa ©f resalt® ©fetaiaei fr®* tissa® tests#

S©ars«t& 114) <jriti@is«i ta« as# of s©ii tasting

sfstoM for S#t#raiaati©a ©f plaat aatrltat aaets. I® states

that tlie «fe0ai©al ©xtraetien af aatrleat altaeats froa soils

is aot a aeasw® at ttoeir availal>illty to plaats* fa©

tiT©rg«a®« ia sarfa®« aa4 safe-soil sa4 ta@ reipeas®® ©f crops

t© sail «aatitl@ai ar« tea ir«rlei» aaA r©salts from saoli

tm%& saomli fee iat«rpr«tai with ta®ie li»itati®as ia aia^#

With titaaa tests as msei W SearsttJit aa iavestigater is

atol® t© iataraia® a "low ar fei#i sapflyi ar a itat® of

fealaaea, of aitrftt®.# pbaspliatgt, aai patasli at ma sarly stag®

of plaat grawta,»»

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witbia tb.© piaat teiiied to d«erease with, applieatioas of

aitrogta. fMf also ofes«rf«d as iavers® relatisa toetweea

petassim ami aitrogea..

fyatr, Us J aai ''Tyatr aad Wtbfe il9) working witk cora,

aatt Itaf aaalys©# m aa aid ia i«t#riilalag th© relatioa

lj0tw®«a yi@M aai atitrieat toalaae®, fii®y analyzed tli© sixtii

leaf of the maia at®a aai tb® data eolleeted p®fl#0t®d ia

fea«»l th« aatrieat atatus of tM® plaat. Applieatioa of

aitpogta to tb® soil depressed IM aoommlatioa ef potassiam.

HeaTy appll§ati©as ©f potasJi a@«®ei to h.av« a similar @ff®ot

©a aitrogea aeeamalatioa. Pkospiiarms did a©t alter ta# ait-

rog«a or pO'tassiaa eoaetatratiea ia tli#ir aaalyses, aor did

the latter two «l«eatf baf® aay tffeat apda pMsplioras

aeeaaalatioa, la tliig experiaeat tatal aitragea, phospliorms,

aad potasiima wer® dattraiaei. fyaar and Wefelb foaad tha

eritieal lav©Is for aitrogaa, piiesptorms, aad potasiim ia

th® sixth laaf of a e©ra plaat dariag sillciag to b© g,90',:

.gfS, aad 1,30 par ©#at raspaetivaly,

loaert (§| mtilizad plaat tiasaa tests a» a gaid© ia

fertilizing taaatoes. He ooaolmdes that the solabla

aatriaats give mora iafematioa in this raspaat aad that

a total aaalysii oftaa ohsearet iaportant variatioas ia

th« amtriaats ©oae®ra®d» fh© aaaatatratioueof solahl®

f,

mltrog«n phosphorus la matiaip® petlol©® at eritioal

stages of growth war® <ltt«irals®5. lM®r tbt ©oaiitioas

®f his ®xp#rim«at inriag laj |t©ap©ratttr@ 70®), toaate

plamti iMemli •eoatata aboTe 1000 fpa. •©# solmfelt altro-

g«a aafl gOO pfa, ®©lmtel« pli©sfh©rms. UMriag frmitimg

tli« altr©g«B e©a©@Jttratloa ae@r©as@s hut gbOTW aot €r©p

h9lm 500 ppa, Piiosfherms sbomli iaorease t© 40'0 ppa.

Mt®r th® asttiag of frmit tfc# aitrog#® ooaotatratlon

sliettM iaereas# to mbme ISO© ppa, if th® plants art

ai«t'«a^®3LF sttfpli«a with this «l®a#iit.

llrieh iZQ) «»pl©3r«i tissw tests as a a®aas of

diagotsiag awtrieiat defiei^aeiei ia plaat tissme®. Ia

g^'apta, th© petiolsi w®r# f®mai to. show gr®6t«p rangts

ia petaflsiia e^aeeatiratieii with tr«at®eat thaa th« leaf

hlai«i h©w®ir@r, with t©iMt©@«, this aitmatioa was p«-

v®rs®i aai th® biaiea w©r« mom mttfal as a. a®an# ef

iiagassiag aatriemt i»fi0i©a«i«.i .•

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impQTtmt* la of this, 'etomieal nstiiois wer®

atoft®i AI0I1 wo«Xdi tli© itt@Miiaatl®a ®f a large

a\aife®r of sm^XeB ia a relativtly shoyt tlm® witfa a

alaiatm smrifim la tetiiraei'#

0fe,«aieal Metk©4»

ef aitret® aityoaea

l#ag«at®i

I. iytitiae .^iipochloyiie ia Ig©. Solmtioaj- ©issolT®

4 ©f l)3m«ia« hydrH'tJilorii# 4a water aM fiilat® t© 10-0 ml.

g. l©rgaa*» txtpattlag solmtioas Bissolv® 100 m*

of ioiiia aeetttt® ia SQ© *1# l^Q, aM 30 ml* ©f

glaoial ae®ti© aeii «ii teriag, wlwi® t© ©a® liter,

3, e©a0#atratei

A Bllgat soiifieatiea of ta© hm&im® a«ta©4 as oat-

lla®4 fey Pi»«ii aai lagllsto. fl§) wai as#i, f© a ssaall

aliqaot ©f 'ta® «il«ar®i ©xtraet (mmllf 1 iil.»| aaffi©i«nt

,M©rgaa's iolatlea III) was aidei t© teriag tht irolum© t©

§ ml. Oa® »illllit«r ©f teaelae liyipoefalorli® s©lmtioa

aai § al. ©f IgS©^ ir®F» aiiei ear#fmlly. fie saajplts were

r©tatet »l@irly aa€ tliea all©w®d t© ataai tea miamt®® oa a

0t®iim fettit, aatll tli© y®ll©w e@lor 4®T®l©f®i.. Aft®r

10.

toollflg tor fir® aiamtea, tlie of th@ eolor was

with a El«tt-STOa®3?s©a ptoo1jo@l«0trl© celorlaeter,

®ai tlie aaomiit ©f aitrat® ealemlatei fwm t staadar4 ourf©

ma m tb© us®® imitymeat# A 11m# filter #480 was eaiploy-

@i. litrit® aitr©g@a is iaelmdei in tMls ttstj hmer®Tt a«

th« aaottat of nitrite aitr©g©a witMn t&« plaat is verr

l©w, tMs is net ©•Qaii<S«rei a striems error.

gteQapliiarus i«t®gniBatiem

Isagtats I

1# toeaeaim i»lyMat« solmtioas Ditsolve g.5 gjo.

of afflBeaima ffiolfteaate is imffieieat i 1 %S04

t@ feriag ths volna® to im al..

g. Amlaom-apMlielsttlfoai® aeii iol*iti©»j Bisaolv#

3 gffis, of soiiw Msmlfitt la ZQ ml. of HgOj to

tMi S0lmti®m ait ©.l pa., l-amia©-g-aaptii0l*

4--stilf®Bi0 aeii, aai m* »diwa salfit®,

Briag tli® v&lwm to ItO al. St©r@ la a Urowa

glass ijottl®.

a#tti©i for pfeOBpkorms Setarmlaatioa ^ai@4 was

ifeat giir#a toy Wolf To a S-ml. alit»t of tao plaat

ertraet, aM g ml. of aramoaiaa aoljMat# aai. 1 »1. of tli#

aaiaoaapbtliolswlfoaio aeit soltitioa* Miae th® eoateats by

rotatiag aad allow tea alamtas for tlie color to i®v®lop.

n.

l«ai i® tM© ©©loriaeter wsiag a him #4gQ filttr. Slue®

thim tm&img fellows Law fe®twe©a on© ami tw®lv®

pfii. ©f fliospM®rm» Cfossibly kiglier), tlie eoa«®at3fati©as

®f til® alitmots ©aa €«t«3mia®i readily by tii® «s© ©f a

staadaifi saiipl® aai tli# ealettlatleii of a faetoa?. tkus it

1» not a«e©8fary to plot a ataMart emrr®,

eeae.., Sti. ^ mmrn Sil. " ,

fa©tor 3s, reaiiag ©f mnkaowa s ©©a®, matoowa.

fotaaiiia g»t#gmiaati®a^

laag«at0!

1, Soiiw fi©tealtiaitrlt® ®©lmti®a{ I51ss®lir« i,,92

g»8. &f mMm. ©obaltlaitrita ia watar aai,

iilwt® to 100 »1# Stsr® ia a hrmm glass-

atejpparai bottla at §®0-#

8» Is0propyl ale©li©l anfi femaliahyS® solmtloat

f© aia© parti ®f l®®fropyl al©0h©l, aM, ©a®

part ©f for»aMt&yfl@.

3, M©rgaa*s extraetiag s®lwti©fli Llatei miar

tii« aitrata aitrogaa t®st»

4, arable, ©a® par ©aat ia HgO#

a© p>ta8»im jpr0®«S«r® ia assiaatially ttot givaa by

Wolf (82) with a sli^t ao4ifi®ati©a. f©«r millilltars

u,

of «®rgaa'« ©xtraetlag solution are aaa©4 to a 1 »!•

aliqm«st« fiift saaplts ar# tbea eeeled to l©®e. FiT«

alllilittrs ©f 01301 BQilws. tolJaltiaitrit© aad 4,5 al.

®f Isopi-Qfyl aleoliol soltttioa ar® tlita aided. It

wai f©iuftd tliat tli® iMlmsiea of §,2§ al# of th® g«m arable

jselmtioa tM peroipltato, sa»j>lts w®r®

eartfttlif alxdt sad tmrbidiattfit B«aiur©a@ats mad# «siiig

a #§S§ ia the ©olerimetei?,

Magae«iTO ieteyaiaatiQm

l«sg«atss

1, • fitaa |-®ll©w, 0,10 p®p m&% is 1^0, flia eo^etmd

©btalaed fr©a 'tli# Allied 01i@aieal aad B|"« Corpo*

• ratioa prowd •atisfaet©rr*

•• g, Ilytp#x3rl«ttte lijdr0olil©rid«,' fif® per m&t ia HgO.

i, Seiiw lijdr©3£id«, g.S

4. e©af9a«tiag mlntimi UisaolT® 4,4 g®, of oaleiuit

a®«tiit© bM O.Sf ia 800 ,iil,

HgO., Mi, 10 ^al, #Qa©, ^H01 miai dissolw t&« abor®

fultSi thsQ. dilttte t& ©a® lit«r witli V-

5, Starofe a©Xmti&ni Diesolv® S gm, of solttble stitreli

ia 1©0 alt. ©f tot water, Filttr "^is s©lmti©a

wMl® toot,

i, starefe r®ag®ati Itmal vel«M#s ©f tto« e©»p«a»«tiiig

13.

soimtlQa €a<S the stareM

f@ a 4 ml* alitmetj S al» ©f HgO, 0«SS ml# ot %li®

MrAr©3crl«iat ltF4r®eltl»M« solmtlcia aai 1 al, of

stai-ea r©ag«at ay© ai4®-i aai tl» simplBS tfe®i«©iig]^ly mixed

(131. Mi on# milliliter ©f titaa j&llm aM agaia'mix.

Smffieitat laOl., 1#B§ Ml#, is tiiei to i«Ttl©p tto,® mag-

ii®»iwa lafi:©. a© samjples ar« ©®ap®r®i witi a tmitaMe

®taa4ari mrw-^ mlm ® grmm, §MQ filter la tto@ ©©lor-

i»®t®r (IS),

Calgiw teteraiaatiQa

l#ag©at«.s

1. S©ap 8©lmti©ai DIssoIt# 0,®0 m* atemric.acid

IrttrFstallisfi) al. ol®i# aeM Cw.S.P,)

ia Sg© al, of 95 per m&t ©tMyl^ al@ofe©l l&f li®at-

iag 0m a h&t plate. M4 16 m* mr*

b®aat« «is®®lT®t ia. al* ©f liot figO, Mil tea

aismtts, eool, ait 3i0 al. 95 f©r e«at

al©oli©l, 4 Ml, HgO aafl l.i al. eoae*. OK*

Filter after 34 li©iara aad etor® la a pyr®x,.

gla»s-st®iper®i fe@ttl©.

g. Mm&mMml ©itrate solmti.oai Msselv# l.§ g®.

aoiiia eitret© ia HgO, aM 14 »1, eoaeeatratei

14»

tad ferlag tfa® -reXiwe to ©a® liter.

ffe« reageata ar® tii©®® nasi fey P®#0li ajad laglish {13|.

f0 a 3 Ml, allqmet qS tb© plant extract in a aaall Ti.al,

4 al. ©f %h9 aBffltoiiiaeal ©itrat# ©olmtioo ar« added and tlm

emtmta aixed. fki?«© mlllllittr# of tiis s®ap solmtloa

®ri addfd eai fli« lai^lts are allowti t© 'Staad

f©r tiiirty aiamtee, after wtolofe • tttrlidia^trle m©a.smrmeats

ar® mad« mtiag a blwi #480 fi.lt«r ia thm ©oloriattert Th9

mmm%T&%iQm ®f tii# samplts ar« 4@t®r»im«d by ©eapariaoa

witb a staaiard mrte raiding froa *©5 ag, to Q»3 mg, Ga

p®r al#

15.

iisnLfs

ft&stm t«ats aip# appliea to r&iom portioas ©f tfa®

piaat, i®|)#a4iag apom %h& ti-sp ia %w©stioa, Th@ Twt&m

t«sts ar® M:i© iir««tXy ©a tli® eofa italk or on small

tlse® m% trm a ]pr®-4®tei!«ia«i zoas ©f tii© stalk. 'Iteaert

werkiag witii twmtees, ©apleyei tfaa petlolts of tli©

l©w@r matar® l®a¥«,s-i feowewy, Vlrl«h (SO) itat©s that ttot#

l®av#8 ©f tbis plaat ar® m»m seasitlv® to nmtpi.eiit oliaagea

aai tlia® glv® a ^@tt©r flutttr® of its amtrl«mt status, ia.®

latter lawstl^tor fonai that the petioles of grafts gav#

tbo ieit r®sfoas« to mriott® l9reln of potassiw. Oarolmi

(1), ftoaas aai Maek: |1S) ami ©tMps feav® loaves from

a dofiait® loeatioa os tibe plant is tk«ir aetkots.

It was mm&Bsmpj at tit© toogiaalmg of tliis projeot to

iot®ralae whi&h portion of th® oottoa plant wouM %« most

gialtafele for ti«®me t##tiflg* Tb,® ssleotion of tto.® tiasme

to h& «iploy®4 woiili flofoai mpoai Cl| ®as« of hi.n41tng,

|2| oonooatratioas of t&® varioM aatrioats witMn th«^

tissmo, CS) rospoaitfi of tho#© «l®a#at» in %hm tissw to

variations in tli« smbstrat# 8t«>ply and |4) e©rr«lation of

mitrioat eonetatratioa# with yioli,

y'irst Invfstigatioa — fli© Soloetioa of Sampling fissuo

Os 3"mn« 20, 194f, Stonovill# g-B upland eotton was

16.

pl&at@i ia t&r®« gallon, gltzel pets fill@4 with washed

trttk AfttF geraination, the iseillags w®r@ divided

iato fomr gremps aai amtifieat treatmeats w®p© started,

Oa© liter ©f a half-strength H©aglaad TOlwtioa (7) was

applied to th« first gromp daily. fhi.s treataeat was <soa-

sii@rtd th# high level f©r aitrogta, phosphoras, aad

potftssiim, A s#®©ai gromp was smppliei the »»e^ selnti^a

@xe©ft that th© aitr0g«a was rtidiated te ©a® f©«irth th®

e0a®#atrati©a astd ia loaflaad*® solmtiea. fh© sam® pro-

e®d®r« was asad ia a third aad foarth groap, la gramp

three, photpharaa was redacad to ©ae faarth that of

l®aglaad*s aad ia tmr, petassim was dropped to that

laval# fhis arraagaaaat gava faar iGlatioas, a hasa solatioa

with hii^ It P, aad 1, a law aitragoa, a Im phosphams, aad

a low potasaias solmtiaa. Oa faly 3t tha plaats ware tb.iaaed

to Ihraa par p©t» f© iaaar# th© availahilitj ©f all tha

amtriaats, the plaati war© watered with tap watar ia which

tha pH had hasa adjaated t© S.§ with HiOg Ig). Oa aaeh of

tha fallowiag datai—Aagast 1, 8, li, ai!«l a typiaal

plaat was hervastad fr« tha *hi,^" traa1»tat aad dividad

iato its e«»p©aaat parts. Th® smplea ware aaalyjsad for

solahia aitragaa., phospharas, aad patassiaa aad tha rasmlts

ara praaaatad ia tahla 1* A portlaa of tahla 1- is prosaatad

graphieally ia figwa !•

If,

flewerlag startei ©a the t#ntii of lugmst ana it may

fee ©feMffefl tliat tMa oliaag# la th® fbyslelegital aotlTity

of the fltat Is r®fl«0t«d ia f©ae«Etratl©aa of

aitr@g«a, ptesptotrms, nai fotassium ia all tissm®® aaalyz®i

ttot »®ntte..

from tfttelt I aai flgar# 1» it mm 'fe® s®®ii tkat tk® NOg

mttr@gta ia tit© 8t«a la@r®assi ia e©a0#atratloa a« th® sten.

a.p@x was affr©a0h®a. fkd «ia-«teia Isaf l)lad®s w®i?t eoa-

»i»t®atly lew la lOg aitrO'.^^a, wli®r®a« th® »aia-st«ii pstiel®®

w®r@ Mgli ia tlis.t ©@aftitm»at, Maviag a©r« tfciaa 0a® per oeat

il§g aitrogea Ctry might Msial m August I, Masoa aat

FMllis (9) Stat® tliat with thm ®Ba®t ©f flow«riag aueh of

t&® total aitrogaa is a©v«i from tto© ir®g®tatiir® parts of

t&e plaat iat© tfe® fruitiag orgaas, SuoM a aoT®m®at

ii r®fl®ot®« ia tfe« eoaeaatratioa of S©^ aitrofaa also,

a# sHowB la flgmr® 1.

fler® was llttl® differaae® ia tb« ioaaaatratioa of

iolmtolt ptesphorus l>®tw«®a all. fraotioas of tJa® aaia st®a

aad til® »aiB»st®a f®tiol«Si km&mr, tii® aaia-st®* i«af

ijlaSas war® uaifonaly Mgfaer ia tMa ©leaeat at all 4at®s.

H®r®., as ia th® eat® of aitrogea, aa afe.rupt drop la plios*

pMorua is aot®d l>@tw«@a Augast 8 aafl. August IS ia tk®

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Aug 8 15 2E Aug 8 15 22 Aug 15 22

Fig. 1. Soluble NO3 Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in various portions of the cotton plant harvested at weekly intervals. MS, main stem; L, lower; M, middle; U, upper; P, petioles; B, blades.

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fabl® g ^

far G®at Selttfel# !©« Whmpkorm and fota»si» ia ;S«rTr®@t®« i«gust 3©| 194?» flfures Llst«i It lew

• • ar#'lf®rag®s ®f f«/leflieatloas*

fr®ata®iit •F#r ©«at i0gi f®T eeat P Pti» ©eat.K

Itili F,.I li&m

•Mi .070 S,M: Itili F,.I li&m «OlS .138 i . l i : lm piiQaplierms ,41f .064 5.73 Lot p&tmmim. •tS4§ ,089 3,5# •

Aaaljsls @f

Sowf-ee far. M • Sg E ' • 1#. lit

nitrogen Total Treat. R©p.^

' •i.rr®!' • f if

1,S74 . ,902 ,108 ,663

^ .SOI ,oa,i ,0as

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•OS »01 •a44 *194

fMesfli-srms Total Treat, Rep, lrr#r '

m • 3 i m

, 051 ,028 ,007 , o i e

,0095 ,0007 ,0006

mM** • i.2i •

,08 • .01 ,033 ,030

poteeslw Total Treat, Rep, Irror

m § 9 37

47, ©i i7ri§ :4,iO 15,ei

fm ' ,48

,58 • 83 '

,05 . ••01 ,70

••Berntil® a»t®rist, slgmifieaat tt ,tl leirtl.

gg,

two e,3?lt®3?ls ««t f&rth rnmllm im tMs @a»« ©f

toatliag aai em&mtw&tlm ©f antfitiits faTorabl® f®r

analysis, it was wortto wliil® t® pr®0®®i fmptMey

with t&« iair«stliati©a msiag tli# p«ti®l«s mf ttoe experi-

atatiil p©i?ti©ji Of tb« plaat^.

®m Amgiist Mp »t?®aty-*©a« taji after flaatiag, petiol#

saaplti wer« tate»a fr©a tb« rtmaiaiag plaati. Fetiolfis w®r®

hmrmteA fpoa tkn third eai foartfa a©i@ froa tfe# ap®x of

tk« ml& 8t«»# fli©»« s«apl®s w#r« iriei t@ eoastaat wtight

at sad ftpproxlaatelf i§0 «g, allqmot# w«r« talc«a for

aaalrfis. lewlts of tl# aaalysos ar® glvta la table E

aloag Witt tb,® swmmtj of tli® aaalysit of variaao#.

Iroa tteo m&M Aittmrnm r«t^r@4 for ©igaifioaace,

it apptars as thoa^ tie iiffereao® fe«tw«oa %h® kl0i aai

mm low aitrog'oa tr®.ata«at mm aot sigaifieaat, ik®a

aaalyaiag ©sly tk® Jiigh -rersas tin© low aitrogoa tr®ata®at»,

&»#v©r, ®a f TOla© of It.IS is otjtaiaoS, wbieti is lii^ily

aigaifioaat* fb« aitrato aitrogta ooaooatratioa of the

p#ti@l#«, tM#r«fort, wai low#rei. W « roimetioa ia,tli®

mmm% of 1% ia tb@ aatritat mmAim* A low or liaitiag

gmpply of aitrogoa ia tli© aotiaa taaS'©<i aa aeommlatioa

of solmfelo pkospborms ia f«tiol@». f&is iateraotioa

li.as iota roportoi ia ottoor o.rop8. A kaowleig# of tbis

m.

%fp9 @f l>ttwe®a tw© autrieat ims is a@<!>«ssarr

ia %h@ pr&per eiralmatiea ©f tis8«® t®st iata.

Tto low fM@»pto©ru® s©lm%lom ©atts©4 ma imer«as@ ia tn#

ffltemat ©f 1©^ aitipe^#m la the p«ti©l«», fli# eoaetatyatioa

of s^lmbX# ftospte@yms ia tli® pttislss 4 la mt iiaialsh'with

a ia ms a© sifaifiiaat iiffertae© is aottS

the &i# aM low piioifbortts »oliiti®a,

fb.« f®tassi» 1«T«1 ia tin® f®ti@l# mri&i with the

m&mt ®»fl@y«i ia tli® aetiaM, lat was mot iaflasaeti fey

®ittof &t tb0 ottw twe leas.. M 8M#wa la tabl® g, a higiily

8igaifi®aat f mlm« was ®fetaia#€ f@r potat.siw aad tlie least

aeaa ti«r®y«a«« s-ttmiftd m&km it ©vld^nt t2iat th@ sigaifi-

0aa©« li«i b«tw9«a th& high aat Im .p&t6.mim Itwls.

Ia tki« mp&rimmt the amlyais ©f th§ p@tl©l«i gaf®

a gmi mmsmm ©f supply of altr@g#a aat potagaim ia

th® 8tth«tjfate. Oa th« ©thea? haai, th© mmmtmtim af

ph©«ph®rtta ia th« pttiolts was a@t «6«elatt4 with tht

smpfly. A high ©©a©©atrati®a ©f a ©trtaia «l#m©at la th#

p#tlol®s did mot ae#«s«aifily iadiaat® aa ahaa^aaet of tdiat

fartiaalar sl«iiiat la th« imfestrat©, hat mr hav® h8«a

asTOtiatsa with a lew ©r limitiag smffly @f »«© athaa?

tl«a®at, fhia iat«raetl©a was sh©wa ia th# hl^ »%

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1.0

DAYS AFTER PLANTING Fig. 2. The accumulation of nutrient elements by

the cotton plant. Data taken from Olson and Bledsoe, Bulletin 222 Georgia Agriculture Experiment Station,

ae.

gromfs e©iT»sfoadliig t® aatrleat tyeatmeats

©apl®f@4 la tills lmT®stlgatloa, fM® feas« trealaent o^a-

talii'ti twie® tto® t^aatltlei of altrogsa, ptosflieirm®, p©-

tasslwi,, 0al@lw, aad aagii@slw f#mai la flasts aaa- •

3.ys5«a %f Q1s®b ami (IS),- %km lasmrlag a smffleleat

mpflj &t for go®i grewth, Smlftr was aai»i at

affsj-oxlaattlf tM ®aae at# as ph©spli®ms, Xmu was smp-

pM«t l& the t&m &f pm&emi irm mii-9 ami #ttity trae®

«l®««ta w#r®' mppHM imrlag tl® »«rs® ©f tli® lawstl-

gatloa. fkls fees© trtata®at was i#slgtet«a as tli© '•blgk*'

tir®«tatnt» I\i%'leat apfll#atl®as w«p« #T»rr flftesa

tars aM ttoit qmatltl#s mfpll«i w#3f# 4«t®i"alii®t hr tli«

afes®arptl@a mitfm Bkmm la flgtty# g» Apflleatloas, hosirever,

mmm. aai® tw© w«i»ka la aimaet ©f 1^® 0mrT@» la flgir# Z,

fafel# -i stows %h% tfeli?t®«a tFtatasBts aloag wltit ta« total

as»mnt ©f «l«m«at appllei iaylag %U% mmsm ©f tMs

lair®,stlgatl®a.. fh® flaats w«i?« wat©.?®! aaifefally t® awia

i«a0lilag. AX%Mm0. a© »«'3rl®ms wlltlag was a©t®a. It Is

f«lt tliat tilt #f wat^rlag oaas®i th« piaats to to#

g?wa md#i* 'jfatlity *©istare strtss©»» Iat©a C3| foaa^l

ttoat m%m of wat®'af aapflj t© e®tt®fl gems, at

Sfeaftap, Calif©rala, raiaaai tto# grawtli ter apprexlmatalr

SO fay aaat, afta l&oa#! a© wlltlag ©f tli® laa-res wa»

aotas.

S7.

fmu

ApfM-ffi C#tt#a flaa^ Imrisg th@ Se-#@ai lmv#0tigatl#a

iora^ eieaeat aeslim wmr plant

Mm ai%f^9S«ft .866 1.116 1.17S 4.561 4.m l.il4 «®4. « g.eoo 1.116 1,172 4.56i 4.1f4 1,§14 Higll * §.300 1,116 1.172 4.56i 4,174 l.@14

Um 5,300 am l,17g 4.56,1 4,174 1,614 Met, ^ §,300 ,iSS 1.17g 4,5ii 4,174 l,ii4 mm " 5.300 i#iii 1.17a 4.ssi 4,174 i,ei4

Urn smlfrnt- i.300 1,116 ,.lt© 4.§si 4,174 1,614 M#i« « 5,300 1,116 ,:g86 4.,660 4,174 1,614 mm « 5,300 1,116 l,m 4,§i6 4,174 1,614

im mleimm S.300 1,116 1,17E ,7ii 4,174 1,614 ««i, « i,300 1,116 1,17S g,g83 4,174 1,614 Mife « S,300 1,116 1,172 4,i6i 4,174 1,614

LowfQtassiw 5,300 1,116 1,171 4,§6i . ,it8 1,614 M®i, » 5,300 1,116 l,lfg 4,§§6 i,087 1,614 mgfe « 5,300 1,116 1,17$ 4*5ti 4,174 1.614

li©Wf' a®ga#slm §,300 l.lli 'l#17.i 4,§66 4#174 ,g6t M«a, « i.300 1.116 lafg 4.566 4,174 .807

« i,300 l.lli l.lfS 4,174 1.614

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of Tariotts ImtriMit Treatmeats ea aai. Helatiw Irmlt-falJBgss of CottQa Figai^s Qlvea Afegama #f yoag Replieatieas.,

f i O - B a y ^ § 0 - B a y ' " l 4 5 - D a y harrest kayyeat. bary®g% i)ry wt.

g». •wt# ga. "Wt*

m* Height ^resh

wt» Dry wt.

Wwf wt, Mils

lelativ© fruitful-aess-^

aitr@gea mm, « 11^ "

t,f3 3.fS i,15

87.^ 146.5 isg.e

16,6 28.4 24.5

§4.6 •53»0

61.0*» 15.1*'^ 113.8 25,1 114.2 23.4

' 26.9*» 7.38 34.9 5.27 34.4 4.§®

ptesfte®pi@

*

S.90 3.98 3.15

95.8 123.0 132.8

18.f a3,.4 24.5

52.5 5f.l m.Q

m,B** 2#.f 104.8 24,3 114.2 23.4

St.5 30.8 34.4

6.5i 5.25 4.6©

Ijm Mmltwt • *

MEh

.S.*#3 3,4a 3.15

107.8 139.8 138.8

20,5 25..4 24Ǥ

Sf.5 S5,.0 m,&

115.5 112.3 114.2

24.8 23.3 23.4

33.5 28.4 14.4

4.55 4.90 4.i0

Low eal©im Med* » Higfa «

4.38 4.4S 3,li

139.3 133.3 132.8

25.9 23.9 24.5

62.2 55.f 53.®

124.3 109.8 114.2

27.2 24.4 23.4

31.1 32.9 34.4

4.42 4.78 4.60

I^w fotmssim Ket, « ligi ••

4.40 g.fS 3.1S

120.0 121.0 132.8

22.4 SI.? 24.5

61.1 56^3 m,Q

IM.f 105.3 114.2

25.1 23.3 23.4

34.1 35.® 34.4

5.02 5.46 4.60

Im aaga®sim Met. " Siffik ••

s.sa 3.40 3.1S

loa.f 131.3 132.8

It.i 24.1 24-.5

5^ m 5 56.f 53.0

110.0 110.5 114.2

25,0 24.4 23.4

31.8 34.5 34.4

4.20 4.75 4.60

mmber ©f feolls f©r 100 graa® ®f fresfa flaat weight. ••B©«tel© asterisk, sigBifi«aat t© .01 1®t@1.

30.

%h@ firj &t Mils, TMis &ls® eemsti a

»©tie«alX® y®ll©w.lsg ©f tke f©iiag««' fli« Imt phmwhoruB

sigaifiematli- fr««h weigfat of tii®

flaati wtoil® the ?®a«iaiag mtwimt kai so

#ff««t mi>©» w#lgb%, QT itpf®araB«®| tlins affortiag

9zmllmt a®t®]pial fm tii« afplteatioa ©f tisstie

fM rtsalis ®f til® aaalF«#-« ©a the p®tlol©s

liairT«at®d at to, to, aaA 14i iay« «« pres«at#i la tal)l«s

5» ®,. lyad f f©»g®©tlir«lr aai ala© la flgmr® $. la, tfa®

@ag« ®f ti® aaalysts oa tJl,® iO»4ay p@ti©l@» (tabl® S|

littl® itgiifitaae® 4m@ t© tip«ata.^t wss ©fetaia®i, feisibly

©f tJit 8l®w ffwtli ©f -all plaat® r®ga»€l@ss of

ty«atm«at, wMste. it la felt was «aias«i fey th®'a®tfeoi of

flrat«i'img, Th® eeaetatFaticias ©f tht amtrltat i&lmmt® la

til© pttl©l«s at til# SO-iay tofvest failed t© e©r?®lat«

with tk%iT «mpply la tl® aatostrat®,. with- @mt ^etptloa.

a© f#ti@l®s. of til® l#i* aitfsgea flaats ©©atalaei tfe®

l©ir««t p«r©®atag® #f tliet «l@aamt, Oa® iate^^aetim was

a0t®i| whi.#i wilts aaalyaefi gav® a @err»latl©B e®«ffl®ient

»igiiifi©aat t© tk« •OS Imml* fhim was tlit iav«r«» r®-

latl©a fe®tw«»B aitrogea la tli« sm^stmt® aai aolmfel®

plii©spli@rmi ia tto p®tl©l«s. rnsmimmUm &t tl@ pfeoaptoorms

l«v#li im 'ttoi® petl#les ©f th® "meiiim," ani "lii#!"

31.

fabl® 5

Tissw fmt Eestilta. ©a tvom 60-Bay Harvest ©f Sa-eoM Iav©#tlgati©a#

CS©3«ilts teas#! ©a ©Tts-iry weight)

freatiaettt Fegeeataae in Bttiele

m

Ii©*- Mt^^egca .112 6.16 .510 M®i., » 1.511 .loa 5,t5 .531 Hl|li. « 1,§?4 S.§« .473

Lew pfaespMonii l»SSg .lig 6.to ,§Bf Mea* « 1..44S .Oil §.88 .581 Eigli «• l.if4 .07S 6. &S .473

Jjm snltwt 1.404 .107 §..40 .48g 1.463 .Otl 5.W .518

Mim ** 1,574 .073 6.§2 .473

Lijw ©mlelaa l.m .Ofi 7.44 .588 Met* » l*4"?'f ,.Oii 5.79 .539 Mim " 1.5f4 • 07$ i.S2 .473 ,

Low fotassim 1.473 .088 5.3i .5St 1..501 .087 ©.73 .50g

Hlg& •» i.af4 .073 i.sg .473

JUiw aagiidsl'w 1.883 .102 e.M .519 M®d» » 1.636 .083 S.03 .481 llgii » 1.574 .073 i.§2 .473

^ Emh tlgmm I0 aa avtrag# ©f f©» r«piieati®fls,

laaieatta '»i®aifl@aat e#»elati'©fl ©seffiqieats b«"|we«a th% 00iia«atJ?at5i®a' of dl«m©at» Im f«tiol«s .aa4 amt3ri«at treateeat*

* Sigaifi#sat to .©Si •• slgaifieaat t© •OX XeireX.

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33

fable f

fisgm© Eeamlte' fatioles fipm MS-Day uf BmmiL Investigatiua.

Ilesmlta tos#i m

freata©at gereeatagg la patiolea

• M ,. . , P,,-. , „ IT Om 'Me

LOW' aitTOgtm l®i. • » ,Ii^ •»

m

.089^ •2S1 ,488

,084 ,043 ,047

5,48 6,38 S.il

1,64 1,45 i,4S

-S.77*

,912 ,645 ,713

Mei, • ligii •» T Z

»44S ,53f ,488 mm

,033 ,038 ,047 .8a4'*'»

5,43 i ,03. 5.61'

l,4g l,4i 1.4a m m

,806 .792 ,713

m

Mw smlfw ' Met, « Hlg& " ^

.508 ,526 •488

,04# ,0iO ,047

i»68 5,94 §,ei

i.4g 1.33 1,42

,762 ',808 ,713

Iiow ©aleiw *®i, « ^ ligh. ^

3?' s

,768 ,612

,066 ,038 ,047

f,g7 7,35 5,61 -.625*

.80 l,Of

,9g6^*

,558 ,715 ,713 mm

tm fotassim M«i, «• . HlgM «

y s •

,458 ,449 ,488

,056 ,042 ,047 m m

l,tg 4,66 5,61

,0S8**

1,83 1,§8 1,42 -,87©**

1,052 ,888 ,713

-.820**

JLow mgntsiw.

Big& « 1* St

,688 ,5a3 .488

•<•,665*

,044 ,043 ,047

§,46 5,55 5,61

1.62 1,52 1,42 -,633'^

,551 ,643 .713 ,777*»

MmU figmr© is «a average @f f©mr r®pli.©ati©ttB»

^ Isiioates sigQifioaat correlation coefficients tostweem th® 6@aoentration of elements in the petioles aM

tfeatment.

* Stgttifi@aat t@ '.©51 *• slgaificaat to ,01 l«v#l.»

34.

a t) gl.5 Pi -p

^1.0 d o

co «

•p 4)

•o •h7 k ® oa ' •h m M cd q -p

d 5.0 •p

a d •p o d o § f^2.5 o » h fl4

+> d o •h Pi •p _

75 DO o d tid

i.50 4a d 0 o .25

Substrate

\ ^High N \ \ \ SMe« N

\ Low N

m .10

o XI Pi (0 o X!

p .05 d o

u <D p4

\ v\ Substrate \

— VA High P Med P

^ Low P

145

Substrate

\ > High K

\ Med K

\ \ Low K

|l-5 o rH od o ^1.0 d o o

O .0

60 90 145 Substrate

High Mg

^ . Med Mg

Low Mg

60 90 nits sc §^5 15? DAYS AFTER PLANTING

Fig. 3. Concentrations of nutrient elements in the petioles as influenced by their level of supply and age of plant.

60 90 145

Substrate

V High Ca

^ Med Ca

^ Low Ca

ii i6—itr

in 4a

38.

aitrogtm ia, tablt 0 if«ir®als & sigslfteaat aega-

tlw e©rjf#lati0a» sai sm^peafts th.« pstmlt® efetaiaefl ta tMt

timt lav«stigatl@a»

la aaalfiis of ttte fF« the s#©oai karirest

190 toys) it wai that' tli«' irarlem® treatatnte w&m

s&dwiag ls#3p#afiiii. aiff@^©a©es* fmtel® 6 pTmmte tli® r@8ults

©f %ks tiiam® %««%« ©a f#*iar f«ti©i©8 ml^m aigaifioaat

©©»«l.ati@m ©t«ffi«i«ats^. ©f fipir# 3 r»v«al«

that "til# ffll ealtim e©a-

§«t:rati«as la tto f®ti®l«g w®!*® §0rr«lii%$i wltii a Migb

®f siptifleaae# witb tk^iT r#Sf«#tiv® la t&®

as »««b in'tatelt ft e0i*«lati0iis w®^«

s4g»ifi©aii1i to lit #01 le*-®!. *6ga««iw la f«ti©l@0

&% fiti® stag® ia %k& gr«w%li erel® ia®s« flaats was a©t

udf^tlatei with iti m&mmtmtim la tto® atiiaa.

a® ls.%®i?aeti®s lietw#« alt»g«a aai ptoosptorms

a«0wt-3Lati@ii ia %hm wm tht iiiat as f©md in

iO-4ar m® iiltr©g« swlr sea© iaflmea©#

mp©a the ®oa<s®Jitrati» @f is t&« p@ti@3.#s at ©O

day«, A f®»itiT« ©orir«lati©ii was »©t©i wtoioli was ®ignifi»

mm% t© tilt •t6 Sme^ aa iafe«yts®ti©ii was ,a®t,mot«a

ia aaj of m® f»floms iaT®«ti.gatioas«.

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e©tt©ii piaat,

mmmlm smfplj ia the sm^stirat® was r®fX«®t«4

iiiTer««3.F im ttoi« Imml «f m® p«ti©l«s. A 4©®i?®©i8«

ia tto« rat® ©f »aim»si'iii, ftftillsatiea timssi m ia6r#®s«

ia m® #®B®#ati'ati©» @f ©aloiia ia tl« f«ti®JL«8, ii

*«ati©a#i «.arli«3r, aataesii®. ws« tfe# ©mif @l«a©at wlii©%

wa« tt©t @0W«lat«4 witi^ its impply is, %M smfestr«t# at the

katftst.

f&® kawsst of tto »#e©s« iaytstigatiea wai aaftt

whta th,® plsats Mi iajs ®M. As stat@i ©ariitr# »©ii#

iiff©r«s«es im« t© tr«ata®at ««« ii©t#4 ia tto« fr#8h aM

ftyf wtighta .©f tk® fiiuiti at tfeis Mrrmt Itiitel# 4).

f ©©ataias %hm ©f th« tissm® t««ti @« tto«

p«ti®I«S' alsag wiife «igsifi0«at OQCT«lati©a t©ef#i®i.«Bti,

A .tftteai ««iisatl©B ©f figmr®. S witfe rtgftyi to tk# 145-iaf

ka^T«st aA.ts. it ®via.«at ttoat tiit 6©.a©«Btf'iiti«s ©f th« fiir«

aiityi«»t «l#a«iiti ia the p«ti©ies vai'iai with tj^«ir' re-

speetive aatply td the aabstpat®, . FositiT® e©rr®lati©a

6®®ffi«i®ata tiinifie^t t© the ,01 Isir®! w®a?® ®btaia®a ia

;®a®li 0a8«t Si®® iiff«t®B««» w®:p« a©t®i is tl® iat«t®®ti@ai

|(«tw«©» rmims tl»a®at®» fh® r«lati©Ji l&®tw®«m mitr©g®a

impiir aai ia. m® petioles wai %mrm6M€» a»

38,

in SO-aM 90*iar ia a asfative cerrelatloa

»i.gai.fi«aat t@ th& *©5 Itirel, fhm f©ta»siiii'©eae«iattrati0a

©f f«%i0,3,#8 m 9ttm% twm tti® myi©ms aitrogea

itfels ®f %M atiiia. ealtiwHj kiwtvtr, wMi®&

lithtr-t® Mai &o% to In® iaflmttteti iby ®h,-aag®» ia tli®

smtostrat® aitregta, aew iliewtt a sigaifieaat aegativ®

mtml&tim witfe aitr®g®n» »© lat#ra®ti#a® w@i^« ®lj8®nr®i

fej? til® tMosijfe®r» aafl smlfw lemlB @f tb® grewlfe atdim,

eal®iw «l®ag®s ©f tfa« smfestrat® t&it tto® 14S-da3r

SMfiiag, a® fr®Ti®m«3.|r ©%s®wei ia tE# ft-tay karir®8t,

alt«r®i til® fh#®fJi©.rms itvel ®f tH® t®ti©i#®, ami fav® a

lipiififaat' atgatiT® ©©yr®iati®a ®®®ffi®ieat, Stverai

iat®ra®ti@a8 a©t fr®Ti©a«lr ©^»«Fir@i tm Tar'iati^as ia tlie

®atestrat« 0al«ia» w®?® a®w ®¥i4®ttfe, fli®»® wsr® tii® iawrs®

i»®3jiti®a« ®al®im swpfly ia tfe® &tmth *«aii» aafi

ta® ®®a«®atf®ti©a of aitf-igea aai p©ta®®iw ia t&® s>®tl®i®8.

?aritti©a ia aalstrat® f®ta®siam aff®®t®t t3i« taleiaa

aai nagaesiwa e©B®eatjfati®as of tli® p®ti©l©8# Higlily

sipiifieaat aegatiw ®o»«iati©a« w«f«^ ®'bi«fT®i ia fe©tli

®ag©«» fhrn^m lemultB m@ ia acoord witfa ttos® ©a th® to-

iaf 'terTest ia roaf®®t t® ^©taS'Si'a*. A similar iataraetioa

was ®l5taia®S wli®a tn® »agae«ii» e«e®at]rati®a ®f th® ©altar®

aeiinBi was ©e®fi»®€ t© %he ©alaiaa, l®ir«l ®f tli® p®tidles*

atgatlv# ®©fy©l,a%l©a ia tkis ©aat we® sigaifi®aat to

tfe® ^ Ia this Mrvm%t s^strat# magmesim was

ali® 1b tli« 1I0|| ai'trngsa eoa%«at nf tte® ftti©!©®#

•flis sigalfitaal segatiT® 0@»®lati©a Md aot te©#n ©l»8®rr«i

t© tii« MS-4ay hmmat*

%m tfeis ©a# i&%®rm%±m was eoasistist

llaremgtomt tlie tto3?#« lLtrf#«tg, fki& was tfe# i&mtse m»

latiott to®%w««a ai%r©g«a sapfJLy aaa fiwsfteynii. ia the

ftti@X98» At %k% i®-iar .fearrest, a©' ©©rr«iati©a wms aot«a

%#*tw©©a tfe# #©a©«at'^ati®a ©f aa «l#a®at la th« 8mfe«tratt

asfi it» ia th« f«ti©l#* fiaal barvtst

all ©f #l«a«ata ia qnmtim sli®w®4 hlg& p©»itiv« ©ori?®-

lati@a@ is this r®»p®©t«

a® t&w aitTOg«a tr®atmsat sigaifieaatlj .t®©if«a»«a

tl« fisli, at ra®asw©t %f 'Mas^ %oll walgjit, aa€ was tb® oaly

tireatmiat wki^ 1mA. aay 'iiiflmta#© ©a p'r©4metiirit|r, m

iaiieatiaa ©f altf^aa tafitieaaj was ©tetaiati ia the first

aaafliag wM@a tli# flaats w«y« m iaya ©It. Th9 sna'^#? ©f

%qX1& pr'®5m©.#i, ptr 1©0 @i« ©if twmh pXmt weight was talem-

latii as. a B»a«mr« ©f ralativ® fraitfalsast.., A iteifeas®

ia smbitrata ait»g®a iaeifaaa©^ tfea ralatiT® frmitfalatsa

mm it ieeraased fialias tlwa^ •&« flaata mhi&h war#

i«fi©i«at ia Biti?©g«s aari-iai a ©©apaafatifaly hi0»T %©il

ieaA p«f 3.0© ©f f:r@8li flaat wtigtot tMaa flia %h9

•®r aitr@g#a flaats, 'ffeis @fes«rvatt#a faiif fe©«B m4®

fef latoa. aM MiglMT M» Smfestrat# fhsgf^eris feai m siniXaF

®ftmt lipoa fli« Im pho&whom& treat*

neat h&& a, k4gfe#y frmitfttlaess t^aa tb0 ©r

ligl $hmpMm» ti?«&tei#iiti.

fliiri ImT#itigati®,a*'-fi«3L€ stmiy

fb# f@rtg©|ag «3Ef«Fi»®ati with tlssm# t®it® w©r# «mf*

fj?©»i«iag t@ »ak« it wtrtli while t@ |>'y©e®«d wi^

ti»M lnfe8tigati«f m ##rtill««F f3.©ts t«f|eiea«l#8

la sutfisats w®r« Immm t® ftoongto tli«

®o©pt#atioii &i tto nm%k ear#llBalj[^mlmm%

Statl@a, tlism# t®»t« w«r« fw m fl«Xi pl®t» at thf

f#« m@ Station, fiitst f»till8#r" fX©ts kmm

%«#m aaiatalmti f&t ^th# fs«t gS y#«e8,, asi ar«

kmsmm. to «3d.»t la aitr6g«s» ^phmph&imSf m€ f©ta«sim«»

f#tloi# imrwmU w«r® aaii ti afti li§ ifiy« aft«r plamtlog

©a f«tlol©s ttiBBa^ tmm %m tllM amt f®«rt& b®4« fieoa tto

.aj«3i &f the fflftia »t«s.

8 m4 t «©atalii tl# BwemTimmi. teamlti ®f tli#

®0- sat lS0»i®j faarw-sta, »##« «ata mmfiTm th« ri»s.iilt»

©Mmlnti la tJi0 tw® fjft'fl^ms ®3®©rlii«Bt«» «&@ Uml ©f

41*

solmtel# MOg siteQgto, pMiphorma, aad fotaisim witliia

f©ti©X@s a«f«!ai«a la a Isrg# mmBwm npom e©m©«iitratloa

©f ©leaeats ,la %be fertilizti* ®ppli®4.

Iat«rm«tl.0a8 mmm apila aetM. %h9 smpplj ©f

m elmmmt tai tlii« m&mutmtlm ©tker amtrleat

Qnm »©af« a hi0.lf slgaifieaat mgmtim ©©rr®-

la,ti©a was ©%t®ia®« %h® aitr©g«a ia tM

»mi8trat® aafi %# fh©«fterms l®v®l ®f p®tiol«s» fli®

ni^egea 3.®-r®l ©f tk® .afplied f®rtilia«r lafl.m®ao®i tiie

QMlmim. ami aagaesiw ®oat®at of Salelm

was laflmeaeti ia aa iair@rs« aaaaer, as. ofe«erv«a la th.®

fiaal torreit ©f th.® a®®©afi gpaealemse lav«»tigatic»a,

tt® aaga®®ltj« level ©f 1ii« patial®®,. &a»@irer, variat

•4ir«e%ly with sitftgaa aajpfly la the f®rtlliz®r. Tltl®

iat®ra«ti©a was tM® r«v®r8® ©f fraTiaaslf ©^sarv®^.

ffitas® iataraatlaa® war® aetet ia "batM tke 90-«aa IgO-iay

gnafling,, a« »e®a ia tatelas S aai f. ft® jpfe©8ptoi?ms

t«at ©f fartllia®!' was r«fl««t«t ia a lite maiiaai' ia

toaanrest®. M iairars® ©©-rralaMaa was 8fc®wa te«tw«®a

fkoapaoyu® mupplf aafi aita?©g®a ia tli® p®tlal®«, aa-4 a

air«®t r®latioa aaa to® ®®®a I tall®. 8 aad %) l»@tir®®a

f®rtill8®^i pliaspliarms # aafi petial® ®alei*m#

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aaa tto® fiitiolf teataat of fajfiotis mutritat ©Itaeats w&m

of Msmits. Igalm %h& ia#gativ«

®0tr«lati©a« petassitta sufpliei m& tiie petiole

©al©im aai aa^esim w«r« ©btmimed# la tk« fotassiaa-

©altiim r®latios., as 9hmm ia taljl@» 8 aai t, m© a©tmal

4iff@r@a©«« ia feti#l® ealoium fe»iagiit afeomt tef f«yti«

limit patassim wm^m soall,. raagiag ia tto© fO-iaf sampling

tmm ,3®f f®j? §m% for tli® 2®^® petasM l®ir®l t© »S3® pet

f«at f®r tto.® fifth 1«T®1 ©f petassiai. TailaMeas ia tli®

p®tlel® aa®a®«im im« t© f®rtilia»r potassim w®r® ©f a

lafg«y ord«"3r tiiaii tMs® ©f ©aitiwa# im iawrs® ralatioa

wa# fomai fe®tw®®ii f©taasi«a aad p®ti©l« 10g aitro^pa. ^lis

sigaifieaiit mgm%ir@ torralatiea was ©btaiatd ia %G%k

saapliagi, A signifieaat iata^s® iat®?aetioa was fomi

for potasfim smjpply-petiol® f^esploftts ia tli® tO-iay harvestj

^©we-reir, tke lg©-aay aaajpliag failti 't© »km meh a r®latioa-

»liip.

fall® 10 ooataims fi®M data ia fom4® p®3f mm of

80«4 oottoa for «afli tr«a'toieii.t, ®©o f®w ofeaarratioaa ar®

afailafel® to mmpuwrn jri«lfi witli patiol®'aitr®gefl» ptooaphorms,

m potasiiw. bo» g®»ralizatioa8t tot©w®t«sr, »®« ©ti¥iou«#

If laio l«Tal ©'f 1% aitroges ia tie fatiolaa is ©o»par«a

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fatel® m

fissM® fes% Results m fO-Day Old Cotton WXmtm aai Fiaal TleM of S«ea Cottorn im lbs. Per Acre,

CSes«lt» IrnsM mm tmsh weight|

1 • F fetiol®

HO3N tl®M

M ea'te

P ©at

K ^©iiol®

P yieM

» F K P«%ioli

K ' J Yi'«M

0 8 4 ,mm Mi# 4 t 4 *©085 S4S 4 8 i65

g 8 4 ,mm iif4 4 g 4 .0O8f lais 4 a 1 14S1

3 8 4 .©©55 i'»4t 4 4 4 .§14f 18©fi 4 8 S 18f4

4 8 4 ,mm S3?# 4 S 4 .90i§ lt§7 4 8 s zm$

5 8 4 .051© t42f 4 8 4 .Ql§2 BSf®' 4 8 4 .tfg SSfS

S 8 4 ,09 2f M06 4 li 4 •©tl8 mm 4 8 5 , •.•8i8 iS4f

^ 1000 Ifes. ©f- fsi-tilizer iaAl^atM afpllei p#?

® Mm&h figKi^ is an &w&Tmm &f repllo©ti®as.

4?

earefMllr as t© avoid lta®Mag the att,t3?i«ts froa tb®

fdts.. nay kav# ©amasi ©©s,si4«3pa'bl« moistma?® stress

t# i«v«3.#f m& teomg.bt a¥omt a -reimttiQa ia growth,

laefe p©t la the f©mr^ iav«stigatl®a was proviitfi with m

«aa»@l«i pm t© mt&k tfe® leaeliat# %hm aakiag it possibi®

t# wat®r t&# plaats fb« l®a©tot# was rtturaei to

tfe® pots ferioditally, fh« tw@*gall©® pots tts®4 ia this

flias® ef tfee mwk wmm fillei 14 Hi wask«t mmk iaM#

Ww tisM# harvests weir® mat®, at 3§, ®0, 90, aad MS

Aays aft»r «»@ri®ii#®« As tfte plasts w®p« too »»al3. at SO

tays to frovlA® »mffle4«at f«ti©ie mterial, tlto tatir®

above gr©iia4 portiom was laiirv®st«t* F«ti©l@s froa tfe®

third aai fowtfe. aod®# fitm tfe® mim. st®a mftx w«r® tak®a

©a th« othtr fearvost iat®®, fii® a«fi®s war® iri»i aat

th® ®li«aieml t«t®r»iBBti©a« w®r« »at# ia tli® ®aii>® aiaaaer

as tfeoi® of the saooai iav«stigatioii.

Ilaight aad iry w®i#it measnroaeats also w@r@ wiie

daring th® oomra® of this ittv»8tigaties» fh®s® 4ata for

the four harvest tot®# ar® giv®a Im tafel# 11.

mirty <lay» aftar @«®rt«oe® th® '"low* tr«atm®Bt8 of

aitrogaa, pMspMrms^ aai potasaiia. w@r® aigaifioaatly

shorter thaa th® p'laats in th« **hi^« a®rl®»* M© r«al

fatel© 11

Height aai Ory Weigbt as IsflmmmA hf Ntttrl©at •'fif®ata©ats itoiag %h.@ t&wtth lavestlgatlqa

iw-day ^ ^ fo^bfty l^^-&y

efi* BIT

gffl. HaigM

«». Bry Wt. i©i^t

CM.

iitLr ¥ mmm 5ry It.

Imt mitm-gmm Met. « mm *

15.®* If.S 18.0

.390

.460

.532

51.5 89.6 64,4

5.11** f.61

10.to

103 122 108

132^ 131 llf

Si.i** 65.8 72.4

l w fJhosftoorms

•

14,0** 17.9 19.0

.355

.455

.532

56.7 C2.4 64.4

6.66» 7.92*»

lo.tt

129 115 108

144'^* 125 117

§6.1 65.0 72.4

%&W BV^tWt »a. » HigM. •

18,0 18..5 If.O

,455 .450 .53B

it.s §5.4 §4.4

6.7t** S.$6**

lO.tO

117 117 108

129 129 117

68.1 81.9* 72.4

I^w ealeim ««4. " ai^

If.S iO.I 10.0

.511

.sot ,53m

#8.1 6§.i #4.4

7.83»» 10,59 10.90

125 113 108

137** 122 117

81.0* 73.0 72.4

fO-'teSSilM' M@4. » ti# »

m,%** 18,4 19,0

,427 ,567 ,532

61,3 64.1 §4.4

8.34»* f.t4»»

10.90

109 122 108

115 131 117

62.4* 77.2 72.4

Ijm aaga«siwi Mei. " Hi^ *

1?.0 20. S 19.0

.5a« ,605 .532

§5.7 71.6 64.4

8,45** §.56*

10.90

124 112 108

lit 123 117

75.8 7S.4 72.4

* Siagl® asterisk, sigaifitant to .0§ l^vel. ** Boulile asterisk, sigaifteaat to .01 level.

i I -rf m m

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50.

fabl# IB

Itsuita 0f fissa# tssti oa 30-©af Harvest ©f lomirtli Iav©stlgsti©a»

Clesmlts tea®®a oa ©vea-tef wtlgMt)

fer«e ntm& ia tme^ 1 •W w en

I,©w »itrog«a Hit* " II,^^ •»

.138^ l.l8f 1.6i3

,874*»

.MM .3S3 .315

4. ©4 5.tl 4.il

3.4§ 3.71 3.4S

,3i3 *541 .53®

tm pb©sph6«s M#a. *• ligb **•

r •

1.580 I, am I. §03

,m 4.60 .249 3.78 .315 4.61 .858**

3.33 3.44 3.4®

.§95

.539

.536

Low stalfiap led, *» High "

I. §§8 1.3?® 1,603

.33®

.340

.315

4.71 4.§5 4.il

3.5® 3.48 3.46

.®45

.565 ,53i

I,®w' ealeiw l#t.. « High. « r =

lAm 1.411 i.isa

.268

.3E4

.315

4.44 4.St 4.®1

3. §5 3.E8 3,.46

.685

.i48 • .53i •.88S»*

p© tea Sim Met, » Itgfa

W m

i.iss 1.40g i.ess

• 547*

.321

.335

.315

2.77 3.84 4.Si

..88g»*

4.11 3.9S 3.4i -•771*»

.808

.712 • 53®

isw' tttgaositM M©a. " uigh «

1.181 i.iio 1.6^3

.319

.322

.315

4.48 4.47 4.61

3.57 3.49 3.4i

.520 • 573 .53®

%atir® abow fr©mai p^wtim of tto©,.'eottea plant was ^li.arT©fit®i. at -Kiis sampliag.

%a0li'fig«o?d is aa. avwag© ©f six Teplieatioas sigaificaat e©,i*r«latioa ©oeffieieats

^hmtwmm tt® eeaesatratios @f ia tk« p@tiol®8 ami amtr'itat tf-eatasat., .

•Sigaifie.aat %& ,05| •*algmifl0aat. to ..'01 la-rtl...

51

U

ftsam# f#st ieamlts m ?©ti©l®8 ftom %Q»Mj Ilayvtst ©f •fenrtto latestigatioa.

Clesmlti fessti oa w«igM)

Peregat.agg ia Ga

Low- aitr©g«a .M«a, « Hi^ «

f «

.009^

.631 g.sio .8^»*

.185

.1^1

.IfS

f.45 7»5f $,Sf

.890**

^•§4 1.7f 1.71

.481

.367

.iOl

tm pfeospli®rm8 *«t. «' li^ «

y r

2.0B2 2.0S1 2.210

.14i

..13f 8.6g 8.13 §.#7

i..S4 8»ia 1.71 -.730**

.536

.464 •

.501

Jtow sulfiar

T «

a. 124 i.ifi g.gio

.ISf ,liS .IfS

8.0f S.f9 f.if

.68S* ,

g,«7 2.76 1.71

.488

.6g0

.§01

Low toloiiia M©a. « Hlgb «*

S.421 1.040 g.gio

..w am aw

8.13 7.98 9.67

i.Sg s,$s 1.71

.891

.@©4 .601

Low totassim *#4.• « 11# *• T t

I, §89 1.E33 a.810-

.158

.176

.173

4.17 6.04 9.67

,904**

3.16 1.018 3«©§ #648 1.71 .501 -.,801*».»87g*«

Lew mgii®aiwa Met. '" mm "

l.§4f g.m g.gio

.164

.180

.173

8.11 8.33 t.if

E..S9 g.88 1.71

.46§. ,§m .501

^ la®^ figw# Is m aterag# &f few 3f#pllsatl©s«,

•• ^ Imat©&t«s gl^ifisaiat ssyrtlatioa. e^^ffititiita •feetw#®® tJa© ©o®o®n:t-yatloa &t la tfe®

amteieat

•'SIgaifleant t© ,05j •* sigaifi@aat t© #01 l#t«l'i

52.

fable 14

Tissue Test Besults on Petioles fmrn. SO-Day Harvest of Fourtli Investigation.

(Results based on oven-dry weight)

Treatment in petlolQS N P K Ca m

Low nitrogen Med. » High "

r s

Ix)w phosphorus Med. " High "

r »

Low sulfur Med. « High «

r s

Low oaloium Med. " Hi# »

r a

Low potassium Med. ^ High "

r *

Low mgnesiua Med. " High "

r ft

^ Each figur-e ia an average of five replications.

^ Indicates significant coirelatiGn ooeffioients between the concentration of elements in the petioles and nutrient treatajint#

* Significant to .05; •* significant to .01 level.

,447^ .356 6.10 2.31 .436 .§10 .2§8 4.94 1.57 .368

1.04B .S18 §.83 1.47 .454 .918** -.862** — -..817** —

1.002 .130 5,42 1.81 .362 .8S9 .175 5.41 1.63 .460

1.048 .E18 5.83 1.47 .454 — .703** •m m -.682**

.873 .B49 4.70 2.60 .431

.704 .gl7 4.86 1.52 .433 1.043 .218 5.83 1,47 .454

- - - - •.560* --

1.036 .245 5,55 1.29 .369 .721 .8E7 4.92 1.39 .400

1.042 .218 5.83 1.47 .454 - - - - .606*

,703 •211 2.29 2.58 .972 .700 .215 4.13 1.85 .624

1.04g .218 5.83 1.47 .454 -- — .954** -.918»*« ,760**

.911 .204 5.70 1.96 .286 • 758 .207 5.08 1.93 .380

1.042 .218 5.83 1.47 .454 — - - — .621*

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faM« li ©©Btaias tlit r@gmlts ®f lissu# ttst« oa

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im tli© Harvest t «f tto fiv® smtritat «3l®M«at«

fari«i iir®®tly with t&«ir smtoitrat® l«v®l®,

ealflw im thm was iBif«rs®ly ©©rrelated

with. ®mte»trat® p©tas«i.i» tai aaia®«lw, teti®!® iaaga®8iwa

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ia®y«a8»i tliaifietatly %f tk# l©w aitr®g©a $r®ata«at.

57

fa^l© 16

IteM aai lelativ#'faraitfttlaess of Ootton GomparM with' tissue test Result® frm 90»D«f F®ti@l@ Harvest of

Iav®8tigetioa,

fr«ata®at Percentage

in dry petioles

•'Iverage dry wt, bolls per plant

Relative fruitf Illness

Low aitpogen M®a. High «

W , .44?^ .§10

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Low smlfar Mf4. » ligfe "•

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3.75 3.55 4.86

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Low fotas8i*» M#t., « llgfe «

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Low ®a,gJi®sl®M led. « High "

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la®& figiir® is am average ®f fiv# rtplieatioas.

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1, Oaroims, 1. L. fli« ma® of rapid ^©mleal plaat amtri«at testi im ftyMlizer .i©fi©i«i,®T iiaga&sti aat orop firgiaia trmel: Ixpt, Sta., ltil» ts, 1938 •

2. IstQB, I, 1, ls« of aitxie aoifi ia eontrol of pi aai aitrat# l@T#lfia amttiaat solmtiom.s* Plaat mjs,. lii itii.

§• latom,. t# M. lalatioas'of filj©y pfop@i?tl©8 of eottoa to aoistuff# gmpflf, frmltf«la#ss, aai eap'feolifdrat® aooimulatlos. 'fapmlllshai data. ProJtot lo* 4ga, t@3cas Agr. Ixp, ita« lf4f#

4, latoa, f, M, aai 1, 1» liglar. Iffeet of light iattosity, aitrogaa wtpply aaS fraltiag oa'ear^oMyaratt' atiliisatioa %f tli® oottoa plaat, flaat fliys# &0i 330-411. lt4S.

5, lEMyt, It 1. flaat tism® toats. as a gaii® to ftytilizar traatmaat of toiwto^s. EaataoSry A&t, ixf. Sta. Bal. 430, lf4g,

6, aayaaa, 1. I. iffaet of potaislum fartlliaatioa ©a tfci® mptaka of eatioas'tey tb@ oottoa plaat mHar ^otabomsa ®eafiitlea»«' Sotttk Cayoliaa .Agr, lacp. Sta, 5ttM. Mamal laporti 4©-'44. If46,

f. loailaaij i, 1,, ami B, I. Araoa# flia watox ©mltart aatMofl foff'gipowiag'plaats witlioat soil. Saliforaia Am* Sxp* 1W8,

8. Hoffar, 1, fastiag mta. stalks o:fea»i@ally to ait ia tatamiaiag tiair plaat food mmAs, ladiaMi A®p, latp, Sta..lal. gtS, If26.

f. Masoa, T, 0,# aat B. FMllis. Staiiea oa tli# ti-aaspopt of aitrogaaoma imfestaaces ia tM® eottoa plaat. VI Ooaosraiag at© rag® ia the Umrk. .itoaala of Botaay 4fi 31i-SSi, 1934.

10. Malated, S. W, A ohamioal atm4j of tai©fc-t®at took-aiqu®» for • potaasiiuft aad ami aim. i&we* Mar. Soc. Amm, mt Si3*S41. It4g.

fl.

H, Morgaa, M. F* OMemieal soil ilagaosis %j ml'rersal a©ll ttatlag syst®®, Geaatetlemt igr. Ixp. Sta« ;iml. 450, 1941,

IS, ©Isen, X# G»t aad fi, P. Bledsoe, ffe# ©hiimieal eoMjptositloii ©f the ootton plaat aai tftie uptake of aatrieats at different stages ®f mrmm. i«@rgla-A®r»'l3Ep, Sta. Bui, 2as. Itig,

13, F«a©li, 1,:,'aad L, 'laglisM,' Sufid mieir@eli«iiical ioil t®@ts. S#U S©i, 5f I ISf-lfS* lt44.

14, Se«s«tlt, 0. D, Talm® aat lialtatl®a,s @f aettods'of iiagaogiag plaat atitrl@at ae@i«., 'Ittttr Oro©« with Plaat Food Ifl N@, §, ll-lfi, 1943.

15, f&€>aa»> ^W., aai'W, B. Kaok, foliar dlagaoslst fkyflolegltml baleuac© 1i@tw#@a tfe® bases lla®, •aagatsia,. lyaa potash., • Flamt Phys, 14 s --".flS, If St,

16, fboaas, f,, 1. S., la©k, aai 1, M, laha, foliar il.agaeals aai plaat awtrltlea f«rtllla®r pla««<®at ifEp®rla«at», i©wt* Mtr, So®, Agroa, 36t Sat^fOt, lt44.

17, f&oratoa# 8. f»,, S, -Coaaer, aai !• S, frasstr, • • m m ©f rapli ©fatmleal tests ©a aolli aat

flaats as alia la ittermlalag f®rtllla«r a®®ds, lailaaa A©f. laqp, Sta, Clr, i04, IfSf,

18, fya«r, 1, H, fb# rtlatloa of aora ,rl#ia» tO' l@af altroiea.:, p&ospliorma, aai' potaaslaii ©oateat,

aa®r, a©®. Soli Sel,. Ill Slf-SgS,. 194%,

It, 'SymTr Htf aad J, 1, rtlatloa ©f aora yl«Ms to autrlaaf tealaaa® a« rtT®al®d fer leaf' aaalrsla. Jour, Jaer.-Soa,, A®r©a, 38i. 173-188, 194$,•

B.Q, llrlolij, A.,., .flaat aaaljsla a« ,,a,.,ilaga©»tl0 pr©0#dur®» S®11,^ Sel, 5Sl 101-112, '"194'3,

®1, ?«al«, f, f, Ifutrltloaal laformatloa from plaat tlasu® tssti. Batter Crops wltk Plaat food lis 1©, §,'10-14, IMS,

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Wolf, B# lapii i®t@i?aiBati©a &t solmhl® 4ft soil aai flaat •trtrmets W mmm ©f a fto©t@ele«trle Imi# mi lag. 01i«a* 15s ^ a4®, 1®4S..

W©lfi 1#, aad ?• Idliliato... It^li ©j^taieal soil • aad flaat t«sts« S©il Sei. S4: gE7-S44« 1947,

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