UC San DiegoSIO Reference
TitleSurface Water Temperatures At Shore Stations, United States West Coast And Baja California, 1960
Permalinkhttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kt2r1gf
Publication Date1961-04-28
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CONTENTS
-0Da Introduction. . . , . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 + . a . - 1
Surface-Temperature Stations inGevgraphical Order . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . + 3
Alphabetical List of Surface-Tempe~ture Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v . . . . . . 0
Shoreline Surface Water-Temperature Data between Ne& Bay, Washington, and Cape &an LUC~S, C g l f f ~ d a 17
Station Looation Charts . . . . . . , . . . + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Summary of h i l y Observations . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 2Z
Shoreline Surface Water-Temperature Data between Monterey, California, and Paint Buehon, California . . . Station Location Chart . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . , . 34
Monthly Observations . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Shoreline Surface Water-Temperature Data between La Jolla, California, nnd Pun* Baja, Baja CalIfornla . . 39
Station Location Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . , . . . 38
Monthly Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Shoreline Surfaoe Water-Temperature Data between Clallam Bay, Washington, and Punta BanBa, Bajk CallfomrIa 46
Station Location Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Monthly Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
INTRODUCTION
This report presents four groups of data observed a t shoreline stations along the west coast of North America from the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington, to the tip of Baja California, during 1900.
The first group of data consists of both temperBture and salinity monthly means, ranges and standard deviations based on daily observations. The other groups oonsist of single observations taken once a month.
Various agencies and volunteers have participated in the collection of these data. The agencies are: Hopkins Marine Station, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, U. S. Coast Guard, the California State Park System, California County Park System, the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of California, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
We a r e indebted to all volunteer observers and to Scripps' staff members who have tabulated the data and computed the statistics.
Dr. Carl La and Mrs. Laura C. Hubbs, of Soripps Institution, pioneered the once-a-month Baja California temperature observations. At their instigation the Hopkins Marine Station began a similar program between Monterey and Morro Bay.
Each month the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey sen& to Scripps Institution daily temperature and density valuee from four tide stations which a r e located at Neah Bay, Washington, and at Crescent City, Avila and Santa Monica, California. The density values a re obtained by hydrometer and a r e converted at Scripps to salinity values listed in tenths of a part per thousand. The temperatures for this group have been converted from Fnhrenheit to centigrade for inclusion In this report,
All stations, Including U. S. Coast Guard stations, a r e maintained in cooperation with the Scripps Imtitution. Tem- peratures a re taken using special high-grade thermometers supplied and calibrated by Scripps.
Temperatures a re W e n by obtaining a sample of water in a container, then measuring the temperature of the sample in a specially oonstructed "kucketll in which the thermometer i s mounted. Temperatures have been listed as reported with no attempt to screen or eliminate observers1 errors. Some readings a r e in tenths, others in hundredths of a de- gree oentigrade. Temperatures recorded on pages 40 to 43 were in part taken with a surf-casting thermometer.
Salinities a r e obtained from sea-water samples sealed in special saEnity bottles supplied by Scripps. Water samples a r e forwarded to Soripp.9 once a month for titration. Salinities determined by titration a r e listed in hundredas of a part per thousand.
Temperature readings and water samples are obtained from surf and sandy boaches, off rocky c W s and ledges, over the sides of lightships and off piers, depending on tho station locations.
A new group of stations has been established by Oregon State College to collect Wly surf temperatures along the Oregon coast at the following looations:
Arch Cape Seaside Aquarium Netarts Otter Rock Yachats Heceta Beach Coos Bay Bandon Brookings
The data obtained a t these stations will be published by Oregon State College. Contact Dr. Wayne V. Burt, Department of Oceanography, School of Science, Oregon State College, Corvallis, Oregon, for additional information.
SURFACE-TEMPERATURE STATIONS IN GEOGRAPHICAL ORDER
Station Name Position Location
Washington Neah Bay 48"22. O'N, 1 ~ 4 ~ 3 7 . OtW USCGS Tide Gauge
Strait of Juan de Fuca
48O15.8IN, 124' 15.0fW Slip Point Liglit Station U. S. Coast Guard
Clallam Bay
Oregon Columbia River Lightship 46" l l . O'N, 124'11. OfW Mouth of Columbia River
Aatoria
43'20.tiTN, 124°22,01W Soutli Shore Coos Bay entrance
Coos Head
California Crescent City 4l045. DIN, 124' 12. OIW USCGS Tide Gauge
Crescent City
41'03. OIN, 124°07.0fW College Cove 46, 47 Trinidad Bead
Blunts R e d Lightship
Mendocino
4 0 ~ 2 6 . OIN, 124" 30. OIW Off Cape Mendocino 23
39'18.2fN, 123'48.2'W Russian Gulch State Park near Mendocino
38°30.7rN, 123'14.5lW Fort Ross Historical Monument Sonoma County
Fort Ross
Bodega Bay: NW of 38"25. OIN, 123'06.01W Shell Beaoh, between Duncants LandJng and Gull Roclc
3aa22.71N, 123°04.91W Sanoma Coast &ate Park Sonoma County
Bodega Bay: north af
37'42. OIN, 123"OO. OIW SE Farallon Island Light Station off San Francisco
Farallon Islands
37"2~ .7 'N , 122'29.6,W Half Moon Bay Pillar P a n t
37"28. OIN, 122°26.71W San Mateo Beaches State Park Half Moon Bay
Half Moon Bay
37"57. OIN, 122~03. O1 W Natural Bridges Beach State Park Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz
36'37.2,N, 121~54 .2~W Hopkins Marine Station Pacific Grove
Pacifio Grove
3e036.5'N, 121" 53,6IW Monterey 1 Monterey Pier U
36'37.21N1 121° 54.2lW Hopkins Marine Station Pacific Grove
Mussel Point
Moss Beach 36' 36. SIN, 121" 57.2'W Monterey Peninsula Monterey County
36'33. SIN, 121-56. 5'W Carmel Bay, Carmel
36'31. SIN, 121°55. 6fW Carmel Bay, Carmel
Wt Lobos: north aide 36" 31.3lN, 121'56. SIW Point Lobos Reserve State Park Whalers Cove 6
- 4 -
Station Name Position Loantian %. No. -
California (oont. ) Point Loboe: south side 36.30. BIN, 121°56.61W Point Lobos Reserve State Park
Carmel 7
Yankee Point: north of 36"29. TIN, 121'56.6tW Monterey County 8
Yankee Point: south of
Yankee Point: SE of
Soberanes Point
Garrapata Creek
Rocky Creek
Little Sur
Point Sur: north side
Point Sur: south side
Hot Springs Creek
36'29.4fN, 121' 66.6rW Monteroy County
38°28.8rN, 121°56,31W Cove just south of Malpaso Creek
36'27.3rN. 121'658 5IW Monterey County
36'25. ZIN, 121'55. OtW Monterey County
36'22.91N, 121'54. ZtW Monterey County
36'20. ZtN, 121°63.5tW Monterey County
36'18.6rN, 12l053.0lW Monterey County
36O18.3'N, 121°53.7fW Monterey County
36Q07.5tN, 121m38.4rW Monterey County
Gamboa Point: north of 36°03.3tN, 121'35.3~W Monterey County 1 8
Gorda Cove 35'50.9IN, 121°28. 7'W Monterey County 10
Point Piedras Blancas: north of 35"40.5'N, 121'17. OrW Near San Simeon 20
Point Piedras Blancas: east of
San Simeon Bay
36O39.91N, 121°16. 61W Near San Sfmeon 2 1
35'38.61N, 121'11. l f W San Simeon 22
35'34. ZIN, 12lo06.61W Near Cambria 23 Santa Rosa Creek
36'26. BIN, 12O094.9'W Cayucos 24 cayucos
Morro Rock 35'22. 2 fN, 120°51. 8IW Morro Bay 25
Morro Bay 35'22. l t N , 120*51.7tW Morro Bay 26
Los Osos Creek 35'20.4'N, 120°49, 5lW Morro Bay 27A
Gaviota 34-20. ZrN, 120°13. 71W Gaviota Beach State Park Gaviota
Goleta Point 34'24. l r N , 119°50.6rW At about three fathoms. Goleta
Santa Barbara 34"24.3'N, 119D41.51W Harbor Department Santa Barbara
Ventura 34'16.5 IN, 119'17.5IW San Buenaveniura Beach State Park Ventura
Point Hueneme 34'09. OW, 119" 12. O W Point Hueneme Light Station Port Hueneme
34"OO. 91N, 119'21.51W Anacapa Island Light Station Anacapa Island
Anacapa bland
Point Dume: west of 34'01.4IN, 118"50. OrW Zuma Beach County Park near MaUbu
- 6 -
Position Location Sta. No. - Station Name
California (oont. ) Malibu Creek 34'02. OIN, 118'40.6~W At mouth of creek
mta Monica 34'00. OtN, 118'80. O f W USCGS Tide Gauge Station . Santa Monios
Flat Rock
Point Viaente
33'41. BIN, 118°24.4tW Palos Verdes
33°44.81N, 118'24. ~ I w Marineland of the Paoific Paloe Verdea
Portuguese Bend
Huntington Beach
Balboa
38'4. 2lN, 118°24.3tW Palos Verdes
33°38.2fN, 117q58.3tW Huntington Beach State Park
33'36lN, 117" 64'W Newport D e a d Pier Newport Beach
33*36. BIN, 117°32.81W Channel side northern breakwater
Balboa Breakwater
Corona del Mar 33'36. BIN, 117"62.71W 100 yards north of Kerckhoff Marine Station
Dana Point: oasst of 3S027. 7'N, 117*41, 1 f W Doheny Beach State Park Dana Point
33'11. BIN, 117'23, l l W Ooeanrside Pier Oceanside
La Jolla: end Soripps Pier 32-62. OIN. 117e15.31W Scripps b t i tu t ion of Oceanography La Jolla
La Jolla: base Sorippe Pier 32'62. OfN, 117'16. I3 W Soripps Institution of Ooeanography La Jolla
32'47.81N, 117°16.4fW Grand Avenue, Paaific Beach Snn Diego: Paaifio Boaoh
San Diggo: Mssion Bay
San Mego: Mission Beach
86'48.2rN, 117'16. l l W Bonita Cove, Mission Bay
32'45.6tN, 117°14.81W Saa Luis Rey Plaoe Mission Beach
Coronado
South San Mego Bay
Silver Sfrand
32'41.2fN, 117'11.4IW North end of Coronado
32"40.3~N, 117°09. 8IW Bay side, Silver Strand
32'40. ZIN, 117'09.8IW Ocean side Silver Strand State Park
32'36. OfN, 117'07.9~W Palm Avenue Imperial Beach
Imperial Beach
Baja California Rosarita Beach: north of 32'20. SIN, 117'03.7~W Opposite Abraham Lincoln School
Rosarita Beach: south of 32'18. OIN, 117'03.4fW 3.5 miles south of south end of beach
32" 16. TIN, 117* 02,ZlW Rancho Cuevas 0.8 mile north of point
Punk Dssoanso: north of
32'16.2fNI 117'00.8tW 0,9 mile east of point Punta Descaeso: east of
Arroyo M6daslo 32" 13.6 fN, 116' 56.5'W Just south of lagoon
Sta. No. - Station Name -- Position Location
California (cont,) Halfway House 32"lO. 4fN, 116"54.71W About 2 miles south of
Arroyo Descanso
Playa La Misibn 32'06. OIN, 116'53. OfW Beach north of mouth Arroyo San Miguel
El Saueal: west of 31°64.21N, 116"43.7IW About 1 mile WNW of Pta. Saucedal
31-62. lIN, 116'40.51W About 3 miles west of Ensenada
El Morro Light: NW of
31°51. 6IN, 11fj037. 6IW Inside of Ensenada harbor
31°47. l l N , 116'37.4fW In beach surf Estero Beach
Estero: entrance
Estero de Punta Banda
Punta Banda Beach (1)
31'46. SIN, 116°37.41W Estero de Punta Banda
31'42. OIN, 116'38.2fW West shore on south arm
31°43. 2IN, 116'39.91W South end, Bahfa de Todos Santos
Punta Banda: Tres Hermanas 31°44.21N. 116°42.41W Northeast shore of point
Punta Banda: Papalote 3lo43.0'N. 116°43.61W Near Middle of SW side of point
31°42. l IN, 116'41.3fW Nuevo Arbolitos near tip of point
Punta Banda! Arbolitos (1)
Punta Banda: Arbolitoer (2) 3lo42.21N, 116°41.31W Nuevo Arbolitos head of cove
Puerto Santo Tom&: point (1) 31'32. $IN, 116~41 . OIW In cove
Puerto Santo Tomgs: point (2) 31°32, 3tN, 116°41, OIW On south side of lava rock
~ u e r t o an to ~ b m g s : ccunp 31°32. 41N, 116'41. OIW Boat landing in cove at fish camp
Bahta. &nto T d s (1) 31°33.2'N, 116'40. l l W Near middle of shore of bay
Bahia Banto Tom& (2) 31°32. 7IN. 116'40. l l W Half mile NW of stream mouth
Boca Santo Tom'as 31' 32.3'N, 116'40. OIW At stream mouth
Punta Clara 51°31. glN, 116"39.7fW First point south of Boca Santo ~ o & e
Punta China: point NW of 3lo31.6'N, 116°39.51W Between Pta. Chra - and Pta. China
Punta China: north face 31°31. 3'N. 116°39.21W Near middle of north face 18 42, 49 '
Punta China: cove at tip 31°31. 2IN, 116'39. l l W Near new oement
Plant
Station Name -- Position &~cat ion
California (cont.) Punta Calavera: south of 3l021. 3IN, l l ~ " 2 8 . 5 1 W Between Pta. Calavera
and Pta. Cabras
Punta Cabras: north of 31'20. SIN, 116'27. 31W North end of b e a d north of Pta. Cabras
Punta Cabras: south side 31'20. OtN, 1 1 6 ~ 2 7 . 2 l ~ North end of cove south of Pta. Cabras
Punta ~ a b r a s : SE of 31'18. BIN, 116q26. 8lW Between Pta. Cabras and Pta. San Isidro
Punts Ban Isidro: north side 3lE17. 7IN, 116°26 .2fW On north face of point
Punta San Isidro: south side 3l017.6IN, 116'26,21W In cove at tip of point
Arroyo San Isidro: north of 3l016.8IN, 116"29.5lW Shore inside of reef
Arroyo San Isidro: south of 3lg15,51N, 1113*22.4~W About 1 mile north of Pta. Frailes
M a Frailes 31'13. OIN, l l6"21 . 3lW First main point south of Arroyo San Isidro
Offshore rock: shore NE of 31q12. OIN, 116"20. ZIW By lagoon where road turns inland
Saa Antonio del Mar 31'05. BIN, 116'18.81W At south end of valley
Bahin Colnett (1) 3 0 ~ 5 8 . O'N, 116°17. OIW At south end of aape
Bahfa Colnett (2) 30'57. %IN, 116'16. OIW East of Cabo Colnett
Boca San Telmo 30°56.2'N, 116"14.81W At mouth of Arroyo San Telmo
Punta San Telmo: SE of 30'85. OW, 116°13,21W About 2 miles south af Pta. San Telrno
Punta San Jaainto: NW of 3oq51.61N, 116"lO. 6'W About 6 miles south of Pta. San Telmo
Punta CamalG: NW of 30'49.21N, 116"OG. 4IW About 1 mile NW of the point
Punta CamalG: east of 30°49.2'N, 1 1 ~ ~ 0 5 . GIW About 1 mile east of the point
Arroyo Santo Doming'o 30'42. GIN, 116°02. 7'W Bahfa San Ram6n
Bahfa San Quintin: old pier 3o028.3IN, 115°57.71W 1 . 6 miles SE of old mill
Playa Smta Msria 30°24. OIN, 115~55 . l l W Santa Maria Sky Ranch
R ~ b o Socorro 30'19.31N, 115°49.71W Just south of Arroyo Socorro
8anoho Socorro: ~putk of 30'18. OlN, 115'4%. B1W About 5 miles south of Ranaho Socorro
Station - && $%Ufornl~ (oont. )
CaHon Amargo
CGon Rosario: south of
Punta Bajal west side
Funta Baje: ear t side
Bunta Baja: eaet of
Guadalupa bland
Ssn B a t 0 5 Island
Cedron Island
Position Looation
30'13. BIN, 115'48. otW About 10 miles eouth of Rancho Socorro
SO'OB.8'N. 115°48.2tW At mouth of m y o n
30"07,5~N, 116'48.91W About 2 miles eoutb at Cefion Roaario
29" 67. OtN, 115'48.8'W Near middle of point
2B067, OtN, 115448.7tW Near middle of point
29'67. OtN, 115°46.4tW About 2 miles east of Pta, Baja
28'52.gfN, 118' 17.7'W South end at weather station
28'19. OtN, 116OS8. OtW Near lighthouse
2 ~ ~ 0 6 . SIN, 116s11. OIW Cedros Village
sta. No. -
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SURFACE-TEMPERATURE STATIONS
Statioa Name --
Anaaapa Island
Arroyo M6dano
Arroyo Skn Ieidro: north ofl
Arroya San Isidro: south of
Arroyo Santo Domingo
Bahf Colnett (1)
Type of Data Collested Agenay
1960
+/ d2/ USCG
3/ T m- SIO
T m SIO
T m SIO
T m SIO
T d SIO
B& Colnett (2) T m SIO
B a a . Ban Quintfn: old pier T m ST0
ahf fa Smto T O ~ L S (1) T m Sf0
~ d d a Santo T O ~ L S (2) T m $10
Balboa T S ~ d SIO
Balboa Breakwater T rn UCLA
Blunts Reef Lightship TS d USCG
Booa 8an Telmo T m . SIO
Boaa 6anb Tom68 T dm $To
Bodega Bay: nor* of T d 810
Bodega Bay: NW of T m 'UCL.4
C&on Amargo T m ST0
Caiion Rosario T m 6x0
Cdon Rosario: south of T m SIO
Cayuoos T r n ' HM9
Cedros Island T d SIO
Clallam Bay T dm UCLA
Columbia River Lightship T d US CG
Coos Head T m UCLA
Corona del Mar T m UCLA
~ b r o d d o T m SIO
Creeoeht City TS * d
Dam Nintz east of -, T d
USCGS
SIO
, 7 ,
i -'$; &face tempe z'd: values taken dai$ %: Values taken onc
3'~: Surfme salinities
Station Name --
El Morro Light: NW of
El Sauzal: west of
Ensenada
Esteno B e a d
Egtero de Punta Banda
Eatero: entrance
Farallon Ielands
F M Rook
~ o r l : Rosa
Gamboa Point: north of
Garrapata Creek
Gaviota
Goleta Point
GordEs Cove
Guadalupe Island
HaJf Moon Bay
HdXw61.y House
Hot Springs Creek
, Hmtin@on Beach
Ixdperial Beach
La Jolla: baae Scripps Pier
. La Uololla; end Soripps Pier
LSttle Sur
Log Osos Creek
Malibu Creek
Mmdoaino
MUnte~ey Pier I1 ,
MohdaBay i +
M@rl,o Sock 3 /
Wbss Beach
Type of Data Collected
1960
T m
T m
T m
Agency 9
SIO 40, 41
SIO 40, 41
SIO
USCG
UCZA
SIO
H m
HMS
810
UCLA
HMS
SIO
SIO
SIO 40, 41
SIO 36, 37
SIO 29
SIO 31, 40, 41
SIO 31, 40, 41
SIO 31, 40, 41
HMS 36, 37
HMS 36, 37
UCLA 46, 47
HMS 36, 37
HMS 36, 37
HMS 86, 37
Station Name --
Oceanside
Wshore rock: shore NE of
Pacific Grove
Pillar Point
Playa ?+a Misi6n
Playa Santa Maria
Point Dume: west of
Point Hueneme
Point hobos: north side
Point Lobos: sovth side
Point Piedras Blancas: east of
P o b t P i e d r a ~ Blancas: north of
Point Sur: north side
Point Sur: south side
Point Vicente
Pmtuguese Bend
Puerk, Smto oma as: camp
Puerto Santo Tom&: polnt (1)
Puerto Santo Tombs: point (2)
Punta Baja: east side
Wta Baja: east of
Punta Baja: west side
P w t a Banda: Arbolitos (1)
Punta Baqda: Arbolitos (Z)
Punta Banda Beach (1)
Punta Banda: Papalote
Punta Banda: Tres Hermanas
Punk Cabras: north of
Puqta Cabras: south side
Punta eabras: SE of
Punta Calavera: south of
B U a qamalii: east of
Tvpe of Data Collected
1960
T d
T m
TS d
T m
T m
T m
T d
TS d
T dm
T dm
T m
T m
T m
T m
T d
T m
T rn
T m
T m
T m
T m
T m
T m
T dm
T m
T m
T d
T m
T m
T m
T m
T m
SIO
SIO
HMS
UCLA
810
$10
SIO
USCG
HMS SIO
HMS SZO
HMS
HMS
HMS
HMS
@I0
UCZA
SXO
SIO
S I0
810
SIO
SIO
SIO
SIO
SIO
UCLA
UCLA
SIO
SIO
SJO
SIO
SYO
P w t a Cpmal6: NW of
Pwh China: cove at ffp
Pwta C h b north b o a
Punta Chias: point NW of
F J p h clam
Punts Desoanso: east of
Purmta Desoanso: north of
P W Frdles
pUnta Ban Iaidro: north- aide
N t a Ban Uidro: e~uth aide
Pupta Skn Jacinto: NW of
Pmta 8an Telmo: SE of
-&o Socorro
Roaaho Sooorro: south of
Rocky Creek
Roaarita Beach: north of
Rogp.ril;B. Beach: south of
S ~ Q Ar&@nio del Mar
San Benitos Island
San Diego: Mission Bay
San Diego: Mission B e a d
San Diego: Pacific Beach
San Jose Creek
San Sipeon Bay
Sa9t.a Barbara
Santa Cruz
Santa Monica
Santa Rosa Creel<
Silver Stmnd
Sobernnes Point
South San Dfego Bay
SUklw&er Cove
Trinidad Head
a0
N O
a0
810
a0
610
SIO
610
SIO
SIO
SIO
SIO
SI 0
$10
I.1 MS
810
UCZh
810
SIO
610
SIO
SIO
HMS
I1 MS
SIU
SIO
USOGS
H MS
Slo
BMS
810
N MS
UCLA
Station Name
Venturn
Yankee Point, north of
Y d s e Point: south of
Yankee Point: BE of
HMS
USCQ
USCGS
UCLA
- 13- T.me of Data Cellected Amncsf &E
1960
T d 910
T m HMS
University of Calltort&, Scripps Institution of Ootsanography, La Jo lh , California
Hopkina Marine Station, Pacific Grave, California
United States Coasl Guard Bervioe
United States Coasl and Gsodetic Survey
University of CaJiforilia at Los Angeles
w'
Neah Bay (USCGS) LOCATION OF SURFACE WATER-
TEMPERATURE STATIONS UNITED STATES - WEST COAST
Columbia River Lightship
(Underlined stations,collect daily water samples)
Blunts Reef Lightship
I 1
ove - Hapkins Marine I , : Station
I 20"'
LOCATION OF SURFACE WATER -TEMPERATURE STAT1 ONS
UNITED STATES- WEST COAST.
(Underlined stations collect daily water samptes)
USCGS) .. .
Santa Cruz I.
Santa Go talina Island - Dana Potnt, E of
San Nicolas %
SHORELINE SURFACE WATER-TEMPERATURE DATA BETWEEN
NEAH BAY, WASHINGTON, AND CAPE SAN LUCAS, BAJA CALIFORNIA
For the daily stations, the data presented show the monthly means, ranges, and standard deviations. A oode designates the number of observations from which the averages were computed. This code is as follows:
No Designation 25 or more observations i n a month, o r 23 or more in February,
8 battered Minimum of 5 observations per month wlth at least one in any ?-day period.
A-B-C Minimum of 8 o r more observations in any group during a 10- day period. These periods are: A, 1 to 10; B, 11 to 201 C, 21 to 30 or 31.
Means, maxima, minima, ranges and standard deviations are includod for those months marked liS1l but the values are listed in parenthesis.
For values designed "AIff frB,ll ffC,tl or my combination of these lettore, means, maxima and minima a re lieted in parenthesia. Ranges and standard deviations are omitted,
METHOD OF COMPUTING STANDARD DEVIATIONS
The 1865 data for the shore stations which were aotive at that time were published in the data report, Surfaoe Water Temperatures at &ore Btations, United States West Coast and Baja California, 1956 (810 Ref. 57-28, 5 July 1867). In that report the publiehed stendard deviations were computed using the following formula: '
The oalculations of a by use of formula (1) is time oonsuming even with automatic calculators, particularly for a group of data a6 large a s the one presented here. Therefore, a study was made of two methods of estimating the etandard deviation. Them approximate methods are based on the relationships of the standard deviation to the range in a unit- normal-frcquenoy distribution,
R. A, Fisher and F, Yates in $t%tistical Tables for BisLosioal, ARrioultural and Medical Reoords, 4th edition, 1063, page 26 and Table XX, desasibe the two methods and tabulate the appropriate factors neoeseary for the oalaulatfons in terms of unit standard deviations for both methods. 2 . 1
1 2 1 %
The first method whioh will be referred to as the standard deviation estimated from the rahge, Or p r a n p , le basbtl ah r1 . the foflowtng formula: ' I/ I
,. . ' I' " 1 7 I
(Xn - X1) grange I 2 4 (2)
The seoond method, whioh will be referred to as the standard deviation estimated from the rank, o r Urank, is oalcu; lated from the following formula!
jXn + Xn- 11 - (X?, + Xl)
where XI, x2 , . . xn-l, x, are values placed in asoending order from smallest to largest, and ~11 and 4 are the mean deviations for unit normal distributions of the f i rs t and seoond largest members of appropriate sample siees, taken from Table XX, Fisher and Yates.
The Wandard deviations were aaloulated for 1965 temperature and salinity data, using the three methods. Table IA shows the frequency distribution of the deviations (u - uran e) and Table IB i s the frequenoy distribution of the devia- ti- (cr - c r d ) for the tmperature values. Table 1I.4 a n f ~ present the frequenoy di~tribution of Ur devl@tioo. for the salinity data. The deviations in Table II a r e tabulated in units of hundredths while those of Table I a re in tenths. Table g w a r i z e e the deviations in term8 of percentages for both temperature and salinity data.
These tables show that f v t d a r d deviations estimated from formula (3) are in better agreement wi puted &om the Btmdard formula (1) than are the values obtained using formula (a). Formula ( single e%treme valyes. Howuver, both methods spar to give suffioiently accurate estirn general use#, paztioukarlg shoe the d a y value8 a re avalable to those persons who feel ues based on formula @), Therefore, etandard deviaQone in this publication have been e based on rank.