Title

Vortex nanoliquid in high-temperature superconductors

S. S. Banerjee, S. Goldberg, A. Soibel, Y. Myasoedov, M. Rappaport, and E. Zeldov

Weizmann Institute

F. de la Cruz, M. Menghini, and Y. Fasano

Bariloche

M. Konczykowski and C. J . van der Beek Ecole Polytechnique

T. Tamegai Tokyo University

V. M. Vinokur Argonne

Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8

B

T

Point disorder

B

T

quasi - ordered -

lattice(Bragg glass)

Vortex liquid

Amorphous

Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8

Point disorder

liquid

Vortex

lineBose glass

Bose

Hc1(T)

Hc2(T)

HBG(T)

H

T Tc

glass

Bose glass schematic

Bose glass phase with columnar defects

Nelson and Vinokur, PRL 68, 2398 (1992)

Vortices pinned by columnar defects

liquid

Vortex

lineBose glass

Bose

Hc1(T)

Hc2(T)

HBG(T)

H

T Tc

glass

Bose glass

Bose glass phase with columnar defects

Radzihovsky, PRL 74, 4923 (1995)

From BrG to BG

Bose glass phase with columnar defects

Structure of vortex matter when just few CDs are present?

B

T

Bragg glass

Vortex liquidAmorphou

s

B

T

Vortex liquid

Bose glass?

CDs

Ha HaT T

B(r) B(r)

I I

Differential magneto-optical system

Superconductor

F=

Garnet indicator

He

lamp

CCDcamera

Polarizer

Cryostat

Solenoid

Analyzer

Microscope

DMO technique

Ha

B(r)

Artificial disorder by heavy ion irradiationArtificial disorder by heavy ion irradiation

SST maskSST mask 9090 mm

Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb irradiation through perforated maskirradiation through perforated mask

77 nmnm

TEM of columnar defectsTEM of columnar defects

0

50

100

150

200

50 60 70 80 90

T (K)

B (

G)

solid

liquid

pristine

melting

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

0

50

100

150

200

50 60 70 80 90

T (K)

B (

G)

solid

liquid

solid

liquid

pristine

B=5 G

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

0

50

100

150

200

50 60 70 80 90

T (K)

B (

G)

solid

liquid

5 G

pristine

10 G

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

0

50

100

150

200

50 60 70 80 90

T (K)

B (

G)

solid

liquid

5 G

pristine20 G

10 G

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

0

50

100

150

200

50 60 70 80 90

T (K)

B (

G)

solid

liquid

5 G

20 G

B=50 G

10 G

pristine

0

20

40

60

50 60 70 80 90

B = 50 G

m

m

20 G

10 G5 G

T (K)

B

(G)

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

vertical shift in Bm

0

20

40

60

50 60 70 80 90

B = 50 G

m

m

20 G

10 G5 G

T (K)

B

(G)

0

50

100

150

200

0 2 4 6 8 10m

kB

m

B = 50 G

20 G10 G

5 G

T (K)

B (

G)

Upward shift of the melting line with CDs

vertical shift in Bm horizontal shift in Tm

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

SST maskSST mask 9090 mm

Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb irradiation through perforated maskirradiation through perforated mask Magnetic decorationMagnetic decoration

BB= 40 G B= 40 G B= 10 G= 10 G

55 mm

SST maskSST mask 9090 mm

Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb irradiation through perforated maskirradiation through perforated mask

porousporous

BraggBragg glassglass

Magnetic decorationMagnetic decoration

BB= 40 G B= 40 G B= 10 G= 10 G

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

porousporous

BraggBragg glassglass

Magnetic decorationMagnetic decoration

BB= 40 G B= 40 G B= 10 G= 10 G

AFM of etchedAFM of etchedcolumnar defects in micacolumnar defects in mica

BB= 10 G= 10 G

20 20 mm

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

Magnetic decoration BSCCOMagnetic decoration BSCCO

BB= 10 G B= 10 G B= 10 G= 10 GEtched mica BEtched mica B= 10 G= 10 G

20 20 mm

BB/ B/ B= 1= 1

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

Magnetic decoration BSCCOMagnetic decoration BSCCO

BB= 40 G B= 40 G B= 10 G= 10 GEtched mica BEtched mica B= 10 G= 10 G

20 20 mm

BB/ B/ B= 4= 4

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

Magnetic decoration BSCCOMagnetic decoration BSCCO

BB= 80 G B= 80 G B= 10 G= 10 GEtched mica BEtched mica B= 10 G= 10 G

20 20 mm

BB/ B/ B= 8= 8

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

Etched mica BEtched mica B= 10 G= 10 G

20 20 mm

number of vortices in the crystallitesnumber of vortices in the crystallites

0 20 40 60 80

0

50

100

150

200

250 N

v in smallest crystallite

Nv in average crystallite

Nv in largest crystallite

Nv

B [G]

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

BB= 10 G= 10 G

Etched mica BEtched mica B= 10 G= 10 G

20 20 mm

density of vortex lattice defectsdensity of vortex lattice defects

Magnetic decoration with CDsMagnetic decoration with CDs

Two distinct vortex populations: soft crystallites and rigid matrixTwo distinct vortex populations: soft crystallites and rigid matrix

amorphous

poro

us

Melting of porous vortex matter

0

50

100

150

200

50 60 70 80 90

T (K)

B (

G)

skeleton melting

5 G

20 G

50 G

10 G

pristine

melting of

crystallites

delocalization

Imaging of transport current distribution in irradiated BSCCOImaging of transport current distribution in irradiated BSCCO

50mA, 40G, B50mA, 40G, B== 2020 GG

BBselfself

83.25 K83.25 K

JJyy

83.75 K83.75 K 84.25 K84.25 K-- I I

+ I+ I

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

0

20

40

60

80

100CDspristineCDs

79.2 K

77.2 K

76.2 K

74.2 K

J y (A

/m)

d (m)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300-0.2

-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

79.2 K

74.2 K

Bse

lf (

G)

d (m)

Self-field with CDs large crystal

Imaging of transport current distribution in irradiated BSCCOImaging of transport current distribution in irradiated BSCCO

BBselfself

JJyy

Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

50 60 70 80 900

50

100

150

200

0Bm

B (

G)

T (K)

Bragg glass

liquid

Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

50 60 70 80 900

50

100

150

200

0Bm

CDBm

B (

G)

T (K)

porous solid

liquid ?

B = 60 G

Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

50 60 70 80 900

50

100

150

200

0Bm

CDBm

B (

G)

T (K)

Bdl

porous solid

liquid

nano- liquid homogeneous

Bdl exp(-T/T0 )

Lopatin and Vinokur, PRL 92 (2004)

Kierfeld and Vinokur, PRL 94 (2005)

B = 60 G

Transport data in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

60 70 80 90

dlT

B = 60 GR

()

10-2

10-4

10-6

10-8

225

G17

5 G

100

G

50 G75

G

25 G

T (K)

homogeneous liquidnonoliquid

0.012 0.014 0.016

10-2

10-4

10-6

10-8

R

()

1/T (K-1)

homogeneous liquid

Tdl

TmCD

Tm0B = 125 G

Transport data in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

50 60 70 80 900

50

100

150

200

0B

m

CDBm

B (

G)

T (K)

Bdl

B = 60 G

nonoliquid

poroussolid

0.012 0.014 0.016

10-2

10-4

10-6

10-8

R

()

1/T (K-1)

Transport data in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

Tdl

TmCD

Tm0B = 125 G

B = 60 G

homogeneous liquid

nonoliquid

poroussolid

0.012 0.014 0.016

10-2

10-4

10-6

10-8

R

()

1/T (K-1)

Transport data in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

nonoliquid

poroussolid

Tdl

TmCD

Tm0B = 125 G

B = 60 G

homogeneous liquid enhanced c-axis

correlations

Au contactson BSCCO

crystal

+V

-V

-I

+I

Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with CDs

50 60 70 80 900

50

100

150

200

B

(G

)

T (K)

Homogeneousliquid

B = 60 G

Porous solid

Nanoliquid