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TLE – ICT - CSS Quarter 2 – Module 2: PREPARING AND IN-

TERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWING (PITD) (Identify and Interpret the Different

Kinds of Technical Drawings)

(SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR INDEPENDENT LEARNING EN-GAGEMENT)

A Joint Project ofSCHOOLS DIVISION OF DIPOLOG CITY

and theDIPOLOG CITY GOVERNMENT

TLE – ICT – CSS – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 2: Preparing and Interpreting Technical Drawing (PITD) First Edition, 2020

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region IX – Dipolog City Division

Office Address: Purok Farmers’,Olingan,Dipolog CityTel #: Fax No.: 065-212-6968Tel. No.: 065-212-5828Tel. No.: 065-212-2777

Email Address: dipolog.city@deped.gov.ph

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Marojelou A. Magbuhos

Editor: Marojelou A. Magbuhos

Reviewer: Lynne B. Gahisan

Management Team: Virgilio P. Batan Jr. - Schools Division Superintendent Lourma I. Poculan - Asst. Schools Division Superintendent Amelinda D. Montero - Chief, CID Nur N. Hussien - Chief, SGOD Ronillo S. Yarag - EPS PVR – LRMDS Leo Martinno O. Alejo - PDO II - LRMDS

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Introductory Message For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Grade-9 Computer Systems Servicing Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Preparing and Interpreting Technical Drawing (PITD): Identify and Interpret the Different Kinds of Technical Drawings

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Grade-9 Computer Systems Servicing Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Preparing and Interpreting Technical Drawing (PITD): Identify and Interpret the Different Kinds of Technical Drawings

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module.

What’s In

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More

This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned

This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do

This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns.

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Assessment

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module.

3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your

answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through

with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

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This module covers the knowledge, skills, attitude, and values needed to prepare/interpret diagrams, engineering abbreviation and drawings, symbols and dimensions. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into two lessons, namely:

Lesson 1 - Identify different kinds of technical drawings Lesson 2 - Interpret technical drawing

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Select correct technical drawing in accordance with the job requirement

2. Segregate technical drawings in accordance with the types and kinds of drawings.

3. Recognize components, assemblies, or objects as required 4. Identify dimensions of the key features of the objects depicted in

the drawing 5. Identify and interpret symbols used in the drawing 6. Check and validate drawing against job requirements or

equipment in accordance with standard operating procedure

What I Need to Know

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What I Know

MATCHING TYPE Direction: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on your notebook. ______1. It is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an a. Flowchart action in a business process. ______2. explains the process clearly through symbols b. Process and text. ______3. It is represented by a small circle or a connector c. Arrow line box and is labelled using letters. ______4. Drawn in one direction, preferably from top to d. Connector bottom to keep a flowchart clear. ______5. A process is represented by a rectangle with e. Sub-process double lines on each side. ______6. Indicate both the starting point and ending point. f. Weak links ______7. these points in the process where it slows down g. Poka-yoke may be caused by redundant ______8. Another term of flowchart. h. Bottle necks ______9. mistake-proofing is known as i. flow diagram ______10. these are steps where problems occur j. oval

Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if not and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.

Lesson

1 IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF TECHNICAL DRAWING

Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering. To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout. Together, such conventions constitute a visual language and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and relatively easy to understand.

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What’s In

Sterneckert (2003) stated that the viewpoint of key people in an organization, such as the manager, analyst, and clerk, can be used as a model in flowcharting. These persperctives may be applied to the four types of flowchart, provided below describe the different types of flowchart. Write your answers on your notebook.

1. Document –

2. Data Flow –

3. System –

4. Program -

What’s New

ENUMERATION: Other than flowchart, give at least five (5) elements that you can use to represent to your process flows.

1. _________________

2._________________

3._________________

4._________________

5._________________

What is It

What is a Flowchart? Every now and then, you come across different troubleshooting flowcharts especially when you service in a computer system. These are normally in the form of a decision tree which gradually focuses on a solution based on the criteria set. The usefulness of your flowchart depends on how you manage the problems that are answerable using a simple True/False solution. A well-crafted flowchart can shorten the problem solving time.

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Flowcharts are easy to understand diagrams that show the different steps in solving a specific problem. Easiness is the key to make flowchart more useful in communicating how processes works, and for documenting how to do a specific task.

When to use a Flow Chart? Flowchart is a very simple yet powerful tool to improve productivity in both our personal and work life. Here are some ways flowchart can be helpful:

Document a process Present a solution Brainstorm an idea Design a system Explain a decision making process Store information

What are the Basic Symbols of Flowchart? A flowchart is commonly used by systems analysts to visualize the series of processes in a business system. A flowchart is a useful tool to design an efficient business system and to troubleshoot or improve an existing system. A flowchart consists of elements, such as the terminator, process, sub process, decision, arrow lines, and connectors. 1. Terminator Terminator Symbol A terminator is represented by a small rectangle with curved corners. A terminator appears at the start and at the end of a flowchart. The end terminator appears only once on a single flowchart. 2. Process Process Symbol A process is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an action in a business process. It must be described clearly and concisely. A process can be described using a single verb noun phrase; for example, "Order Office Supplies." The same level of detail must be kept in processes on a single flowchart. 3. Decision Decision Symbol A decision is represented by a diamond. A process that can answer a decision of "yes" or "no" requires a decision box. 4. Input and Output

Start / End

Instructions / Actions

Decision

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Input and Output Symbol The Parallelogram features Input and Output, which cover such things as materials, services, and even individuals going into or exiting the process. 5. Connector Connector Symbol A connector is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is labelled using letters. A flowchart written on a single page is clearer than a flowchart on several pages. A connector ensures that the processes are connected logically and correctly on several pages. 6. Arrow Lines Flow Lines Symbol

Arrow lines drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom, keep a flowchart clear. Avoid arrow lines that loop because this could indicate redundancy in the business process. HOW TO CREATE FLOW CHART 1. Identify Tasks. You must list all the tasks in a process in chronological order. Consider the following questions as your guide:

a. What happens next in the process? b. Do you need to make a decision before the next step? c. What approvals are required before you move on to the next task?

2. Organize and Document Tasks. Begin with a rounded rectangle labeled START. From there, go through the sequences which must include every action and decision in the intended order. Use arrows to connect them with one another and to indicate the direction of the process flow. Decisions should be directed by an arrow from the decision diamond to whatever possible solutions are available. The arrow should also be labeled with a decision, such as YES, or a NO. The termination of the process must be marked by a rounded rectangle labeled FINISH or END. 3. Test. Double-check the flow to make sure that you haven’t overlooked anything.

Input and Output

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NO YES

OTHER ELEMENTS OF A TECHNICAL DRAWING

Other than a flowchart, there are several elements that you can still use to represent your process flows, such as:

Schematic diagram Layout Plan Loop diagram Chart Block diagram

Each of these elements will be discussed in the following pages.

Start

Input and

Output

Actions

End

Choice

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM A schematic diagram is a representation of system elements that are abstract or symbols which are graphical in nature. It removes all the irrelevant information. In the data processing cycle example below, Input/ Output Devices are represented by a rectangle. The rectangles don’t resemble the actual devices but give you information without unnecessary visual clutter. The same logic goes with the flow of the data and how they are being processed, stored, and retrieved from the CPU and computer memory.

Schematic Diagram CHART A chart is a diagram that displays the relationship of at least two variables. It is often used to easily interpret large quantities of data and relationship between their parts. There are four common charts:

Histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data.

Histogram

Bar Chart is a graphical representation of grouped data Bar Chart

Pie Chart is a graphical representation of quantifiable data represented by a sectioned circle much like a pie that’s been cut with the slices varying in size.

DATA OUTPUT DEVICES DATA

INPUT DEVICES

DATA Main/Internal

Main/Internal Memory

Central Processing

Unit

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Pie Chart

Line Chart is a graphical representation of information as a series of data points connected by line segments.

Line Chart BLOCK DIAGRAMS A block diagram is a specialized type of flowchart. It represents an encompassing view of major process steps, including the relationships and interfaces. Power supply to all sections LAYOUT PLANS A layout is a tool to arrange a workplace, like in a plant, organization, or computer laboratory in your school. It shows how the computers should be located and arranged properly according to specifications like the size of the room and number of units to be installed. Computer Laboratory Layout Plan

LOOP DIAGRAM

Step Down T/F

Bridge Rectifier

Filter Circuit Regulator

Rechargeable Battery

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A loop diagram aids you visualizing how items in a system are interrelated. It consists of a set of nodes that represents the item, and edges that each represents a connection between two items. I/O Events I/O Events

Lesson

2 INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWING

The essence of having a flowchart in the process analysis is for the effective delivery of ideas especially if you are dealing with a technical person. A flowchart explains the process clearly through symbols and text.

What’s In

Direction: Give at least three (3) benefits of flowchart. 1. 2. 3.

What’s New

Direction: Arrange the following steps in developing flowchart. Put the number (1-7) on a separate sheet of paper.

____________1. Define the process to be flowcharted, and the purpose for

flowcharting it.

___________ 2. Establish process boundaries - the starting and ending points.

Thread

Event Loop

Channel Channel Channel

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____________3. Put the steps in chronological sequence. Sometimes it's easier to

start with the last step and work back to the first step.

____________4. Assign flowchart symbols such as boxes, diamonds, and triangles.

____________5. Review and title the flowchart.

____________6. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart— those

operators, technicians, or office workers who are actually involved in

the process.

____________7. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted. If your team is

not sure about a step, mark it to be investigated later.

In this lesson, you will understand the reasons why you need to:

know how a process is done; study and improve processes; document a process; and use a flowchart in planning a project or activity.

SIMPLE REMINDER IN USING A FLOWCHART

There is no such thing as a proper way of constructing a flowchart. What’s important is how the people involved understand the process.

Involve only the key people in the flowcharting process. A technical expert is not necessary to draw a flowchart. It should be you who

performs the process. There a lots of free flowcharting software that you can use.

MISTAKE-PROOFING

Mistake cannot be avoided sometimes when making flowcharts, but the chances for errors in the process can be reduced by deviating from the usual steps or actions that have resulted in mistakes. Mistake-proofing solutions can eliminate redundant process actions and give way to new and untried methods that provide better solutions. In japan, where the work ethic is admired worldwide, mistake-proofing is known as poka-yoke (PO-ka yo-KAY). It is simply a system that reduces mistakes and in Flowchart instances when an error does occur, it is quickly identified and addressed.

MISTAKE-PROOFING IN YOUR DAY-TO-DAY ACTIVITY

Although you often don’t see it poka-yoke is all around us. An example is the thumb drive. The thumb device can only be inserted if it is oriented properly. It cannot be inserted in the reverse side or sideways. The designers of the thumb drive thought it best to make it self-limiting in how it’s used based on how

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the device is oriented. It’s like a program which works only one way. If not used in that manner, it simply won’t work. It’s design strategy that does way with having to teach the user how to use the device, thus eliminating the risk for error in use.

How do you interpret flowcharts? A Flowchart will help you understand your process and uncover ways to improve it only if you use it to analyze what is happening. Interpreting your Flowchart will help you to:

Determine who is involved in the process. Form theories about root causes. Identify ways to streamline the process. Determine how to implement changes to the

process. Locate cost-added-only steps. Provide training on how the process works or

should work. Below is a sequence of steps that will help you through an orderly analysis of your flowchart. Step 1 - Examine each process step for the following conditions that indicate a need to improve the process:

Bottlenecks. These points in the process where it slows down may be caused by redundant or unnecessary steps, rework, lack of capacity, or other factors.

Weak links. These are steps where problems occur because of inadequate training of process workers, equipment that needs to be repaired or replaced, or insufficient technical documentation. "Inform the drill leader and improvise" is one of the weak links.

Poorly defined steps. Steps which are not well-defined may be interpreted and performed in a different way by each person involved, leading to process variation. "Improvise" is a poorly defined step in the weak link cited above.

Step 2 - Examine each decision symbol. You may want to collect data on how often there is a "yes" or "no" answer at decision points marked by a diamond shaped symbol. If most decisions go one way rather than the other, you may be able to remove this decision point. Step 3 - Examine each rework loop. Processes with numerous checks generate rework and waste. Examine the activities preceding the rework loop and identify those that need to be improved. Look for ways to shorten or eliminate the loop. Step 4 – Examine each activity symbol. Does the step help build a key quality characteristic into the end product? If not, consider eliminating it.

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Besides the three levels of detail used to categorize Flowcharts, there are three main types of flowcharts namely , linear, deployment, and opportunity. The level of detail can be depicted as macro, mini, or micro for each of these types. 1. Linear Flowchart. A linear flowchart is a diagram that displays the sequence of work steps that make up a process. This tool can help identify rework and redundant or unnecessary steps within a process. 2. Deployment Flowchart. A deployment flowchart shows the actual process flow and identifies the people or groups involved at each step. Horizontal lines define customer-supplier relationships. This type of chart shows where the people or groups fit into the process sequence, and how they relate to one another throughout the process. HOW DO WE CONSTRUCT A LINEAR FLOWCHART? Following are the seven steps for developing a linear flowchart 1. Define the process to be flowcharted, and the purpose for flowcharting it. 2. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart—those operators, technicians, or office workers who are actually involved in the process. 3. Establish process boundaries—the starting and ending points.

Identify the major activities or sub processes that are included in the process. Determine what is not included in the scope of the process to remove any doubt

or confusion about the boundaries. This may also help establish the scope of related processes.

4. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted. If your team is not sure about a step, mark it to be investigated later. 5. Put the steps in chronological sequence. Sometimes it's easier to start with the last step and work back to the first step. 6. Assign flowchart symbols such as boxes, diamonds, and triangles. 7. Review and title the Flowchart. CONSTRUCTING A LINEAR FLOWCHART

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What’s More

A. Direction: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on your notebook.

1. A connector ensures that the process are connected a. logically and correctly on several page.

2. Shows a decision point, such as yes/no or go/nogo. b.

3. Indicates both the starting point and the ending c. point of the process steps

4. Drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom d.

5. Shows where an in-process measurement occurs. e.

What I Have Learned

Define the process and the purpose

Assemble the right people

Establish process boundaries

Are steps in sequence?

Put steps in sequence

Assign flowchart symbols

Review and label Flowchart

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I have learned that ____________________________________________________.

I have realized that ___________________________________________________.

I will apply ___________________________________________________________.

Think back on something that you have learned from this Learner’s Material. Reflect on the following questions stated inside the box.

What I Can Do

Direction: Using the basic symbols used for flowchart, make your own simple flowchart to illustrate the process of cleaning the computer parts and peripherals properly. Include the given activities below.

1. Preparation of cleaning tools 2. Identifying the parts to be clean 3. Cleaning the different peripheral

SCORING RUBRICS:

Preparation of

Flowcharts

Exemplary 4

Accomplished 3

Developing 2

Beginning 1

Score

Drawing

All assigned details and elements have been added. The details are clear and easy to identify.

Almost all assigned details / elements (at least 85%) have been added. The details are clear and easy to identify.

Almost all assigned details and elements (at least 85%) have been added. A few details are difficult to identify.

Fewer than 85% of the assigned details and elements are present OR most details are difficult to identify.

Takes ownership for learning

Tries his or her best, asks for feedback or help when

Always goes for the best of their ability and gets help when needed

Does not always work to ability and seldom

Works below ability level and does

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needed, helps others understand the topic better

asks for help.

not ask for help

Total Interpretation of Scores 7- 8 Excellent 5-6 Very Good 3-4 Good 1-2 Fair 0-1 Poor

Assessment

A. FIIL IN THE BLANKS

Direction: Identify the word/s that best describe/s the following statements. Use your activity sheet to write your answers. ____________1. Work through all the steps in your chart to make sure they

are clear and exhaustive, and that there is no open-ended node

remained.

____________2. Indicates the beginning or end of a flowchart.

____________3. Represent a step in a process. This is the most common component

of a flowchart.

____________4. Shows a step that decides the next step in a process. This is

commonly a yes/no or true/false question.

____________5. Shows the process’ direction. Each flowline connects two blocks.

____________6. An optional step here is to style your chart with different shapes and

color to make it easier to follow.

____________7. Flowcharts should be made easily accessible to all parties involved.

____________8. Represents an individual step or activity in the process.

____________9. shows where an in-process measurement occurs.

____________10. is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood

as representing an idea, object, or relationship.

Additional Activity

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Directions: Draw at least five (5) basic elements of flowchart and name the symbol and its purpose. Write your answers on your notebook. (2 points each)

SYMBOL SYMBOL NAME PURPOSE

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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Answer Key

Assessment

1. Test your result 2. Terminator 3. Process 4. Decision 5. Flowline/Arrow line 6. Key in details 7. Publishing flowchart 8. Box 9. Triangle 10.Symbol/s

LESSON 1 What’s New 1. Schematic 2. Layout diagram 3. Loop diagram 4. Chart 5. Block diagram LESSON 2 What’s New 1. 1 2. 3 3. 5 4. 6 5. 7 6. 2 7. 4

What’s More 1. B 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. C What I know 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. E 6. J 7. H 8. I 9. G 10. F

References

Caro, Jaime D.L., Ph.D., Avonn Nova, MIT, and Alexis dela Cruz, MIT (2016). VocTek Series: Computer System Servicing. TechFactors Inc.

www.depedbataan.com. (2016). Ipinanumbalik June 15, 2020, mula sa/kay http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_pc_hardware_servicing_learning_module.pdf

www.kupdf.net. (walang petsa). Ipinanumbalik June 16, 2020, mula sa/kay https://kupdf.net/download/computer-system-servicing-ncii_59107eb3dc0d60e933959e80_pdf

www.tutorials.com. (walang petsa). Ipinanumbalik June 15, 2020, mula sa/kay https://www.tutorialspoint.com/programming_methodologies/programming_methodologies_flowchart_elements.htm

www.visual-paradigm.com. (walang petsa). Ipinanumbalik June 17, 2020, mula sa/kay https://www.visual-paradigm.com/tutorials/flowchart-tutorial/

www.visual-paradigm.com. (walang petsa). Ipinanumbalik June 18, 2020, mula sa/kay https://www.visual-paradigm.com/tutorials/flowchart-tutorial/

Lynch, Allison. (February 2, 2020) edrawsoft.com. Ipinanumbalik June 15, 2020, mula sa/kay https://www.edrawsoft.com/flowchart.html

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/programming_methodologies/programming_methodologies_flowchart_elements.htm

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1SkFHNaDIlbOQIglDZgviEL_cQCwUQED?fbclid=IwAR2sjN4PrnXZ0bUjUzOj4gF5Eyr3zx7B09PwdR8xzRqGzQdSMNRoh2HkBms

www. edrawsoft.com .(walang petsa). Ipinanumbalik June 15, 2020, mula sa/kay https://www.edrawsoft.com/images/chartstypes/monthly-sales.png

www. encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com. (walang petsa).Ipinanumbalik August 14, 2020, mula sa/kay https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSaErItaqlfcbFZ6Xpnk2VaYBMnTMEHodzcbw&usqp=CAU

https://www.excel-easy.com/examples/images/line-chart/line-chart.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_drawing

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – City Schools Division of Dipolog City, Zamboanga del Norte. Tel #: Fax No.: 065-212-6968Tel. No.: 065-212-5828Tel. No.: 065-212-2777

Email Address: dipolog.city@deped.gov.ph