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Structure and Conceptual Model
Principles for the Swedish Transport Administration information systematics
2014-11-20Anders Ekholm
2
The Structure and Conceptual Model project• The Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket) is the Government agency
responsible for the long-term planning of the transport system. Trafikverket is also in charge of the state road network and national railway network.
• Trafikverket shall implement a common co-ordinated information systematic• The systematic shall be used
– For describing resources, processes, results and properties of interest– Throughout the whole chain of planning, design, production and asset
management of Trafikverket’s road and railway network– Both for BIM and for established applications in the processes
• The work includes classification of every object of interest for defining requirements, in planning, design, production, and asset management
• The work will be carried out in sector wide cooperation with leading companies.
• The new systematics will replace the current BSAB 96
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The Swedish Construction and Facility Management sector
• The Swedish C/FM-sektor consists of – 3 200 contractors, – 700 architect and consultancy companies, – 17 000 real estate companies,– 1 000 material producers,– 290 municipalities.
• Ability to co-operate• Ability to improvise• A common language – based on classification• Information technology – a tool
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Building classification - applications• Urban Planning• Programming• Design• BIM• Specification• Drawing and object
encoding• Quantity calculation• Costing• Production planning • Materials
management• Construction
Product Information• Management
Informationsleveranser i samhällsbyggandet
Bygg
herr
arKo
nsul
ter
Kom
mun
ala
myn
digh
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Bygg
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trep
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rer
Nati
onel
la
myn
digh
eter
Bygg
varu
pro-
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och
le
vera
ntör
erFö
rval
tare
EU-d
irek
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BIM
FörvaltningFysisk planering, utredning Projektering(programhandlingar, systemhandlingar, bygghandlingar) ProduktionsplaneringBefintliga förhållanden Produktion
PRODUKTION
PROJEKTERINGUTREDNINGARPLANSKISSER
KALKYLER
BEHOV
ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING
UTREDNINGARPLANSKISSERKALKYLERING
BESLUT
Om planbehövs
PLANUNDERLAG
DETALJPLANARBETSPLAN
JÄRNVÄGSPLANBESLUTGEODATA
GEODATA
MILJÖKRAV M.M.
MILJÖKRAV, FUNKTIONSKRAV
M.M.
ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING
KRAV-STÄLLNING
BERÄKNINGARKALKYLERING
DESIGNKONSTRUKTION
EU-DIREKTIV
HUS- OCH ANLÄGGNINGS-
DATA(”BEF SIT”)
KRAV-STÄLLNING
”BEF SIT”GEODATAPLANDATA
PLANERINGPRODUKTION
MILJÖKRAV M.M.
MILJÖKRAV, FUNKTIONSKRAV
M.M.
EU-DIREKTIV
+ DATA OM BYGGNADS-
VERKET
KALKYLERINGPLANERING
REVIDERINGAR
+ DATA OM PLANERAT
UTFÖRANDE
ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING
KRAV-STÄLLNING
KRAV-STÄLLNING
GRANSKNING
FörfråganAnbud
BYGGLOVS-HANTERING BESLUT
PRODUKTIONLEVERANS
PRODUKTION
REVIDERINGAR
+ DATA OM BYGGT
UTFÖRANDE
Beställning / Leverans
ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING
HUS- OCH ANLÄGGNINGS-
DATA(NY ”BEF SIT”)
Förvaltningsdata
SKÖTSELUNDERHÅLL
REPARATIONER
Reklamationer,Garantier / Leverans
PRODUKTIONLEVERANS
KRAV-STÄLLNING
GEODATA
Fastighetsdata(nybyggnad)
GEODATA
Fastighetsdata (nybyggnad,ombyggnad, rivning)
Fastighetsdata(ombyggnad,
rivning)
GARANTI-ÅTAGANDEN
Förfrågan / Anbud
Beställning /Leverans
KRAV-STÄLLNING
VERKSAMHET
Beställning / Leverans
EU-DIREKTIVFrom SBUF report 12690 BIM Standardization Needs
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• The standard for building classification ISO 12006-2 has been revised to support e.g. BIM and new metods of construction procurement
• New status: ISO/FDIS 12006-2:2013
• Every part of a construction entity shall be classified according to the same principles of subdivision, i.e. function, form and/or position
• Enables mapping between national tables
ISO/FDIS 12006-2:2013
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News in ISO/FDIS 12006-2:2013
• The new definition of Construction elements supports existing classifications as well as applications within BIM.
• Before: ”construction entity part which, in itself or in combination with other such parts, fulfils a predominating function of the construction entity”.
• This definition only mentions function as subdividing property
• Now: ”constituent of a construction entity with a characteristic technical function, form or position”.
Wall?
Wall!
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Use function and general technical solution
• Use, including production, operation and maintenance, places demands on use functions of various types (load carrying capacity, privacy, climate, media, maintenance intervals, etc.).
• In the design of construction entities an assumption of a general technical solution that can satisfy use functions is made, e.g. a house, road or bridge, where construction elements with the intended function and shape has been determined.
• Examples include roofs, walls, floors and foundations for houses, roadway, hard shoulder and embankment for roads, and bridgeway and bridge structure for bridges, each with their use functions, shape, and position.
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Constructive function and detailed technical solution
• The detailed design is made as technical solutions for each of the construction elements
• These technical solutions are in turn composed of building elements, eg, trussed rafter, stud frame, precast concrete slab, bitumen bound surface course, in situ concrete bridge way construction
• Construction elements in detailed technical solutions have different constructive functions.
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Construction elements in different levels support design
• Construction elements: parts of construction entities with function, form and/or position
• Function: bonding relation between things. Function can be in relation to user activity and environment (use function) and to other construction elements (constructive function)
• Technical system: system of construction elements in construction entities with function for a user activity
– Technical systems can be subdivided into several levels of composition, where elements in a higher level may consist of elements in a lower level.
• Technical solution: a determined composition of construction elements.
– A general technical solution has determined construction elements in a higher level of composition, while elements in a lower level are undetermined.
– In a detailed technical solution also elements in a lower level are determined.
– Construction elements in a detailed technical solution may also be determined according to manufacture and assembly.
Technical system is an important addition realtive to ISO/FDIS 12006-2
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Exemples of construction elements in a general technical solution of Road Construction
(TS) Road construction
Middle verge
Verge VergeWalk and bicycle wayRoadwayRoadway Inner slope
Outer slope Edge stripInner slope
Edge strip
It is not necessary to assume a thickness for the Road construction to determine construction elements in the general technical solution, surface profile is enough.
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Examples of construction elements in a detailed technical solution of a road construction
Wearing courseBound base course
Unbound base course
Reinforcing layer
Protection layer
Subgrade Road bed
Slope construction
Wall
Slope construction Road body
Superstructure:
• The number of layers depends on the requirements on the technical solution
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Table structure
TS Road construction(road body+slope construction)
Level 1 types Level 2 types Level 3 types Level 4 types
Roadway
Walk and bicycle way
Walk way
Bicycle way
Verge
Slope
Edge strip
Noise screen
Wearing course
Bound base course
Unbound base course
Reinforcing layer
Protection layer
Vegetation layer
Road bed
Bitumen
Gravel
Makadam
Concrete block
Mortar
Soil
Plants
• Construction elements in level 2 can be part of Construction elements in level 1, etc.
• The levels represent increasing specification detailing• Construction elements in level 1 have use functions
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New systematic vs BSAB 96
• In the BSAB-system an external wall as a whole is not a class, but its constituents are construction elements (i.e. design is not supported fully)
• An external wall is one (1) class i the new systematic • In BSAB 96 internal walls belong to different classes depending on if they are load-bearing or non-load-
bearing. • This application hinders the use in digital models, where load-bearing is seen as a property of a wall rather
than as class distinguishing.
CE External wall
New systematic
42.B/20 External climatic envelopes in external walls – masonry, plaster42.C/42 Internal climatic envelopes in external walls – boards and wood studs or wood-based framing27.C/42 Loadbearing external walls - boards and wood studs or wood-based framing
44.C In situ finishing covering on walls
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New systematic vs BSAB 96
CE External covering: FSG.2, BC.111
CE Wall structure: HSD.113, HSD.111
CE Insulation: IBE.241
CE Internal covering: KBC.211
CE Internal finishing layer: LCS.2212
• Construction elements i several composition levels may be objects, e.g. ”External covering” in an external wall in a BIM.
• Production results specifying material and work of an element can be handled as properties.• Designed element according to the earlier standard is a construction element with determined
work results.
CE External wall
New systematic
42.B/20 External climatic envelopes in external walls – masonry, plaster42.C/42 Internal climatic envelopes in external walls – boards and wood studs or wood-based framing27.C/42 Loadbearing external walls - boards and wood studs or wood-based framing
44.C In situ finishing covering on walls
FSG.2 Brickwalls
KBC.111 Layers of plasterboards as wind shield
IBE.241 Thermal insulation of mineral wool between studs in external walls
HSD.113 Single stud frames of wood for walls HSD.111 Sleepers for posts, stud frames etc
KBC.211 Layers of plasterboard on studs in walls, columns etc. indoorsLCS.2212 In situ painting of walls, columns etc indoors
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Exemples of construction elements in TS Wall system
Wall system Level 1 types Level 2 types Level 3 types
Wall • External wall• Internal wall
External covering BricksMortarStudsMineral woolPlasterboardNails
Wall structure
Insulation
Internal covering
Surface finishing
Window FrameGlazingCasement
Door • Internal door• External door
FrameDoor blade
Gate
Hatch
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Classes in BIM-applications• In conjunction with BIM instances (information
objects) are created from schema classes, such as interior wall created with the wall tool. The instance is thus by definition a wall.
• The BIM application's tool classes are geometry objects; their classification as construction objects must be listed separately as a property.
• In practice, the BIM object "slab" can be used to create, besides slab, a table top, a ceiling, and an inner floor.
• In quantity calculation with BIM the designated classification is used in stead of instance class.
• In a BIM application for design the tool classes should be construction elements in general technical solutions that will enable the determination of construction elements and characteristics in more detailed technical solutions.
Construction objectx
y
z
x
y
z
ID
Reference-geometry
- part of- has parts - material- colour- weight- price- .....
Form
Classification
Properties
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”KLASADO” BSAB 2016
• The project is managed by BIM Alliance Sweden and Svensk Byggtjänst through a steering group which is already formed
• I styrgruppen föreslås att följande organisationer finns representerade: – BIM Alliance Sweden (ordförande)– Trafikverket– Svensk Byggtjänst– Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting (SKL)– Samverkansforum – Swedavia– Fastighetskontoret, Stockholms stad– Trafikförvaltningen, Stockholms läns landsting– Sveriges Byggindustrier– VVS-företagen– Svenska Teknik & Designföretagen (STD)
Styrgrupp
Samordnings-grupp
ReferensgruppSIS/TK 269
BSAB-rådetSystematik-
grupp
VentilationEl, belysning
och kraft
VA, VVS2 och kommunalteknik
Hus1
Vägar, gator, spårvägar, flygplatser utanför TrV
Vägar och järnvägar inom
Trafikverket
1: Byggnadskonstruktion och arkitektur.2: Inklusive brand.
ProcessmediaStyr, över-
vakning och signal