Date post: | 20-Dec-2015 |
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Recall: In our study of biology
We are considering what I call:
LIVING SYSTEMS
Highly organized systems of
Matter and Energy
In our discussions then, we must
Consider the relation of
CHEMISTRY
to the patterns and processes of
LIVING SYSTEMS
We will end the semester with this, the
Universe’s most complex
chemicalstructure, and the
“secret of life.”
It’s DNA
But the chemistry of a l.s.
requires us to consider certain
ELEMENTS and their
Chemical interactions
But a l.s. does not concern
itself with every one of the
approximately 90 naturally
occurring elements…
The Purpose of Life is:
a. to use matter and energy
b. to survive and reproduce
c. to understand the Universe
d. to use chemical reactions
The Purpose of Life is:
a. to use matter and energy
b. to survive and reproduce
c. to understand the Universe
d. to use chemical reactions
SPONCH?
The major ELEMENTS found
In Living Systems:
Sulfur, Phosphorus, Oxygen
Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen
Although there is only a handful of different kinds of
ELEMENTS in a living system,
There are millions of kinds ofMOLECULES
A Chemical ReactionInvolves the
Making or
Breakingof bonds, which are
Electron RelationsBetween atoms
Those bonds wereCOVALENT BONDS,
(shared pairs of electrons)but there are other kinds of
bonds that we can see in some molecules.
In particular, Water illustrates thekind of bond called aHYDROGEN BOND
A molecule is two or more atoms heldtogether by a/an:
a. exergonic relationb. chemical bondc. nuclear reactiond. elemental action
A molecule is two or more atoms heldtogether by a/an:
a. exergonic relationb. chemical bondc. nuclear reactiond. elemental action
NIBMSEITLOE…
Life has evolved chemically,as well as structurally,
and all the chemical evolution isbased on the chemistry of
Carbon Molecules
But METABOLISM consists ofTWO parts:
ANABOLISM—the “building up”of large molecules from
smaller ones.But also there is
CATABOLISM, the breakdown of larger moleculesinto smaller ones.
Hydrolysis is DOWNHILL towards
less structure, and theUniverse favors processes like this
over those in the direction of more structure
Let’s begin to lookat building up and breaking down
in relation toone of our classes of Organic Molecules,CARBOHYDRATES
The Purpose of Life is:
a. to use matter and energy
b. to survive and reproduce
c. to understand the Universe
d. to use chemical reactions
The Purpose of Life is:
a. to use matter and energy
b. to survive and reproduce
c. to understand the Universe
d. to use chemical reactions