TO SEARCM Ei .RILOUS POLAR SEAS FOR MACMILLANBy CHARLES HENRY DORR,

IN a region of rast fields of snow and ice,where gigantic icebergs form and driftthrough the waters of Melville Bay,where the aurora borealis flashes rays of

viri-colored lights In the skies, and the StormKing rages in blasts of whirling blizzards, Don-

iJd B. MacMillan, American explorer andleader of the Crocker Land exploration party,i» msrooned with those who accompanied him

on a daring trip of adventure in quest of an

unknown continent.Crocker Land, if it provedto exist, otherwise only a mirage.

I« Crocker Land inhabited by a strange race

of people? Has it a different geological for¬mation' Does it contain fields of minerals,rirb deposits, perhaps? And how is it bound¬ed' These were problems to be solved by the

explorers of the Crocker Land expedition.Plan» were formulated by MacMillan to

make a one hundred and twenty-five mile dash.¿award over the ice in quest of Crocker Landfrom Cape Thomas Hubbard. Before makingit he consulted other explorers who had in¬vaded the wi'ds of Alaska and the Arctic re¬

gions with a view to taking advantage of their

experier.. e in building his deg sleds, for much

Isacndt upon the staying qualities of sledgesn«ed In Arctic travel. If a sledge gives out

travel is impeded, and sometimes trips of ex¬

ploration must be abandoned in consequence,MacMi'lan was well equipped with dogs and

»ranch sledges for his dash over the ice fieldsof the far north.

FOR TWO DAYS THEY THOUGHTTHEY HAD FOUND IT.

Tidfngs received from members of the expe¬dition last November were to the effect thatMacMillan, accompanied by Ensign FitzhughGreen, U. S. N., had journeyed one hundredand twenty-five miles northwest from CapeThomas Hubbard. across the ice, searchingwith powerful glasses for the land which Ad¬mira! Peary thought he sighted from an ele¬vation of 1.400 feet on the summit of CapeThomas Hubbard in July, 1906. "The explora¬tion of Crocker Land easily takes first rankamong problems demanding exploration now

that the poles have been reached," said Peary,"and should it prove to be a land of large ex¬

tent the possibilities will be most alluring."For two days Messrs. MacMillan and Green

were highly elated in the later stages of theirone hundred and twenty-five mile dash over

the ice fields, for they thought they 6aw land inthe distance. But they found it was only a

mirage and that Crocker Land does not exist;at least not within the boundaries ascribed to

it by Peary. Crocker Land, if it ever existed,has either melted or floated away somewherein the polar &c:-.s.

Such was the news forwarded by W. ElmerEkblaw, geolopist of the expedition, who hadpurneyed southward on a hunting trip withtwo companions in the power launch GeorgeBorup. named after the late George Borup,former associate of MacMillan.NEWS SENT FORWARD BY MEDIUM

OF SYMPATHETIC DANES.Ekblaw and his companions were compelled

to seek refuge at Cape Alexander after beingbuffeted by a severe storm which swept theGreenland coast. They could not return to

Etah owing tc the tempestuous weather andheavy sea running, but they succeeded inreaching the camp of Knud Kasmussen, a Dan¬ish explorer, who relayed the news of theCrocker Land expedition to Dr. Edmund OtisHovey, chairman of the exploration commit¬tee, at the American Museum of Natural His-toy in this city.Knud Rasmussen is a well known explorer

and for several years he has represented theDanish government in Greenland. Thus far allof the mail and news relating to the CrockerLand expedition has been forwarded by the

What the FrenchCootlane«! from «e« and pac«.

ka« for the last few months been In th« fieldwith the "75s".Th« German »hells, h« says, explode on contact

»ith their objective or point of landing, which 1«frequently the ground. Part of the explosive fore«U »««teJ en the ground; the re»t blew» up Into*h» »ir from the bottom of the hoi« which the.h»M Itself has due;, the «idea of th« hole limitingtoe outward force of the exploalon. The lines.f force of the explosion, then, constitute a danger«.n« of very limited extent."Wnen the shell bursts next « wall," he con-

natiM, "the fragment» sometime» trace exactlytt« parabolic form of the explosion, engraving it,?ften enough, like th« tall of a comet against the»hit« wall. . , . The lines of force of the ex-

»lo«lon can best be described as a cone, with itsPoint on the ground. ... A m»n lying within» T«rd of the point of explosion has not been

touched, the fragments passing over him.""Our explosive shells act very differently," he

»*7>. 'They are so constructed as not to burst.» contact with the ground, but, by time fuse, a

fraction of a aecond later. With a flat'trajectory.ike that of the '"il." the shell strikes the ground.t a sir.gle angle, merely digging a small furrow»no richocheting nto the air. The fus« Is so

«nade that the exp osion occurs «t that vary in-

a»B»V i. e., duriiig the richochet."The fragmenta of the projectile are then «cat-

^M in every direction, particularly downward,'» a wide circle, producing the terrible death blowof the "7.*»," which mow» down and rips to pieces?»«rything in its xon« of action. The German»hell bursts upward from the bottom of a hole,vhich limita Its aphere of efficacy. Our own, on

M contrary, burat downward from several yards»ho?» the ground, and no dead «ngl« interfere«*>th their effectivene«». Thi« i« why the ruse,

.wording to which our men 11« ¿own when thtGerman shells drop attong them, would not availth« Boche« when wa get th« range. On the con-

.ary, lying down would but expos« them th«»or«.This is not all. For a long tima it ha« been

.h«err«d and w« hav« frequently remarked that* l»rg» number of German« «lain by our guns hav«*. visibl« wounds. They have but this mark:^.lr face« «re almoat wholly black, and this dark**sk which it planta on our enemies Is the «ig-**tur«, in«tantly recognizable, tf our explosiv«.hall.

"I «hall net go into that« detail« of death; I..ola giva other« that maks an« shudd«r. . . .

"Many of ear entrai««, taen, fall ond«r our gun«

Early in July the Schooner Georg'e B. Cluett, CaptainGeorg'e Comer Commanding', Will Sail Under Auspices

of Three Organizations to Find the MaroonedParty Which Proved Crocîier Land a Myth.

(Oval) Donald B. MacMQIan» leader of the expedition. Lower right hand picture shows some members of the expedition in front of the American Museum of Natural History.Left to right:.Dr. Harrison J. Hunt» Maurice C. Tanquary, zoologist; W. E. Ekblaw, geologist; MacMUlan, Ensign Fitzhugh

Green, engineer and physicist; Jerome Lee Allen, wireless operator.

Danes, who have shown an extremely cordlainterest in the work of exploration being cat

ried on in the north by the Americans.

It is supposed tnat MacMillan spent the winter at the headquarters established at Etarwhere the explorers built a house equippeiwith electric lights and other modern applianees, and presumably they are in comfortabl.circumstances. Inasmuch as they were 6upplied with provisions for three years, no spccial alarm is felt in regard to scarcity of foodIce conditions have been reported bad alonjthe Greenland coast, and the fact that Ekblavand his companions encountered severe stormi

between Cape Alexander and Cape York proveíthat travel in the far north is a somewhat pre.carious undertaking. However, in severa

Shells Are Doingwithout having been really touched by our projectiles. Their death must be instantaneous anc

without pain, for'we find them in the most llvinjattitudes, as if congealed into «orne familiar cm

unfinished gesture. I have seen several whos«

pose was that of living men; immobilized, on«

would say, before the 'Don't move!' of a photog¬rapher. As a rule, moreover, their dark faceishow no sign of puin, but merely of repose."These effects, "often contested but neverthelesi

Incontestable," If. N'ordmann lays to the sudden

change of air pressure which follows the burstof French «heil*."The liqi'ids, more partlenlarly the blood, which

bathe our organism are contained in light andelastic vessels and tissues," he says, "in such a

way that the pressure exerted on these vessels bythe surrounding atmotphere is about balanced bythat of the liquids inclosed.

"If the outside atmosphere become« suddenlyrsrifled, the vessels will be brusquely distended bythe pressure suddenly preponderant of the in¬

closed liquids, and the tissues may burst. Thewalls of the veins and arteries will not suffice,when unsupported by the pressure of the outer air,to maintain the necessary pressure, and they willtun the risk of bursting. . . . Analagous phe¬nomenon will take place if, instead of decreasing,the atmospheric pressure suddenly Increases; thevessel» will then act like paper bags, which ch.l-dren have blown up and burst with a slap of thehand."For these physiological phenomena to reach

their maximum intensity the change of pressuremust be brusque, sudden. If it occur« slowly, our

tissues have the time, by their natural reactions,to adapt themselves to the new pressure. . . .

"When one of our «hell« explodes it releasessuddenly a great mass of cas, which augment« th«atmospheric pressure In the neighborhood of theexplosion. This increase of pressure is enormous

and, with the use of modern explosives, is felt in-.: circle, in e case of the Germen shells as

in that of our own; moreover, It is extremely sud¬den, extremely brusque, much more «udden, muchmore instantaneous with our «hell» than withthose of the enemy.

"This «uddennes» is euch, in the case of equili¬brium, causeil by their deflagration In organismsexposed to their effect, suffices to ause instantdeath.

"In fact, at the autopsie« of tho«e of our ene¬

mies slain without apparent wounds by our "76«,"we generally find the lung« burst. It is a kindof instantaneous pulmonary congestion that has

done its work and which is caused by the ex¬

tremely swift deflsgrstion of our explosives."

months the Ice will begin to break up northand navigation will be possible.For soine time plans have been discussed in

regard to organizing a relief expedition for therescue of the Crocker Land exploration partyin view of favorable conditions for bucking theice off the Greenland coast in July and August.The American Museum of Natural History hasrecently chartered the three-masted two hun¬

dred ton schooner George B. Cluett, with aux¬

iliary power, to sail on a relief expedition earlyin July.The George B. Cluett has been used by the

Grenfell Association in mission and hospitalwork among the fishermen on the coast ofLabrador. This schooner was built expresslyfor the Labrador service and is particularlywell equipped to buffet the rough water and

the ice floes of polar seas. An extra sheathingwill be placed upon the hull and the ship will

probably be entirely overhauled before sailingnorthward from New York.

Captain George Comer, of East Haddam,Conn., a whaler of forty years' experience, whohas made many adventurous trips through theHudson Bay region, will accompany theCrocker Land relief expedition as ice pilot and

representative of the American Museum ofNatural History. Dr. Edmund Otis Harvey,chairman of the committee in charge of theCrocker Land expedition, will probably alsoaccompany the relief party as a representativeof the museum. The George B. Cluett will beoutfitted for the relief expedition in this cityand St. John's, Nfld.

According to present plans the relief shipwill leave Battle Harbor, Labrador, about thefirst week in July. Altogether the crew willcomprise about ten seamen, including the cap¬tain, two mates and an engineer. If all goeswell the relief schooner will sail from BattleHarbor and proceed up the coast through theice floes to Etah, where the members of theCrocker Land expedition will be taken on boardwith their various collections gathered in Green¬land. It is expected that the Cluett will arrivein New York with the members of the CrockerLand expedition on board late in September.The members of the Crocker Land expeditionare: Donald B. MacMillan, leader and ethnol¬ogist; Fitzhugh Green, U. S. N., engineer and

physicist; W. Elmer Ekblaw, geologist and

botanist; Maurice C. Tanquary, zoologist; Har¬rison J. Hunt, surgeon, of Bowdoin College,Me.; Jerome Lee Allen, wireless operator, and

Jonathan C. Small, mechanic and general aid.

The expedition was organized under the aus¬

pices of the American Museum of Natural His¬

tory and the American Geographical Society,with the co-operation of the University of Illi¬

nois. The committee in charge includes: Dr.

Edmund Otis Hovey, Herbert L. Bridgmanand William S. Bayley.

When Ekblaw met Rasmussen at Cape Alex¬ander he gave the latest news from MacMillanand the members of the Crocker Land expedi¬tion to the Danish explorer, who waited for the

weather to moderate and then proceeded to

Cape York, where the news was relayed to theAmerican Museum. The boat in which Ekblawand his companions sailed from Etah docked at

Cape York, and from this port the voyagersset out on the launch George Borup. pushingahead through the heavy sea with mail destinedfor MacMillan. The navigators made severalattempts to continue their voyage northward,but all attempts proved unsuccessful. In theletter that Ekblaw sent to the museum in thecare of the Danish explorer he reported allmembers of the expedition well and in goodspirits and established for the winter at Etah,anxious and ready to continue the scientificwork planned at that base.The first object of the expedition was to

prove or disprove the existence of CrockerLand. This being accomplished, the secondobject was to conduct a survey of the Green¬land ice cap above and beyond Etah and to

procure geological, biological and meteorlog-ical specimens of this region, also to make a

geographical study of the country.It is expected that MacMillan will have a

thrilling tale to tell of the dash of himself and».reen across the ice fields, one hundred and

twenty-five miles seaward. They had to cross

sixty leagues of water on their trip over the sea

of ice, and forty-eight hours after their return

to Ci-pe Thomas Hubbard the ice was a grinding,seething mass. A few hours later and the ex¬

plorers would have lost their lives.The expedition which is now marooned at Etah

sailed from New York on July 2, 1913, on boardthe chip Diana. The vessel docked at Boston en

July 4, where the explorera took on board «even

tons of pemmicsfl. soma boats aed her oatfit ofthermometers snd watches. Her neat port #f call

s Sydney, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, where shelosded, among other things, twen'y ton« of dogbiscuit and 337 tons of coal. She sailed oat ofthe hr-ibor of North Sydney e July 12, expectingto land at Battle Harbor, Labrador, where batlittle time would be requi ed for the loading ofher thirty-foot power boat, the George Borup, andsome caribou r'.ini. Then the wai to start oa

the long streteh of fifteen a. dred miles to CapaYork. The Streit of Belle Isle, howe-rar, eon-

tsined much ice and a dense fog let In, so thaithe hesvlly ladet, sesler msde slow progresanorthward. On the morning of the 17th she wenthard and fast aground on the rocka off BargePoint, Labrador. Fortunately the «ea waa not

rough, and the wirele«« caiii of distress broughtthe government vessel Stella Marls to the rescue.

THE ERIK TAKES THE PLACE OF THE DH>Alii 1 I) DIANA.

The Dlsna was finally pulled off the rocka aa4the party continued on up the coait to Battle Har¬bor. It waa found that the Diana waa unfit te

proceed to the Arctic regions, and the steam «esleíErik, of Saint John's, was chartered to Uke he*place. After the transfer of the cargo and thepower boat the Erik «ailed for Cap« York, oa t¿«west coast of Greenland.Later reports from MacMillan stated thai tboe

treacherous condition of the ice prevented the ex«:

plorers from crossing Smith Sound to KllesmeraLand, and Etah was chosen foi headquarters.According to the last tidings received from Maas«

Millan, the expedition wintered at Etah, which.wai formerly used a« a base by Peary. Etah lahistorical in the annals of Arctic exploration.Peary made his headquarter« here on hia way fotthe famous dash to the North Pole Etah was thejplace where Dr. Eliaha Kent Kane ««neured natives«to assist him on hi« Arctic expedition sitar hitparty had abandoned the Advance.

Across Smith Sonad Is Cap« SaWneT^notnoäfamous plsce and the scene of an Arctic tragedy.To this cap« the late Admiral Winfield Scot»Schley, U. S. N., of Santiago fame, led the reseñe

psrty for the sarrivors of the Ill-fated Greelyexpedition In 1884. The aarvlvor« retened bySchley included General A. W. Greely. ColonelD. L. Bralnard, Henry Biederbick (now of theUnited States Customs Service) and Maurice Con»nell. Sergeant Frederick, another survivor, Is not

living, and Sergeant Ellison, who was rescued, diedafter being carried on board ship. At Camp Clay,Cape Sabine, nineteen members of this exploringparty starved to death.Such are the grim tragedle« of the Far North¬

land, where for months the sky is sunless and thanights an long and bitterly cold.a vast, desolat«region.CAPE ALEXANDER, THE ENTRANC1 TO

HADES," IN V, INTER.About ten miles northwest of Cape Sabine, which

was visited by Robert E. Peary In 1897, He Cap«Flagler and Flagler Bay, the proposed headquar¬ter« of the Crocker Land expedition. Cape Alex¬ander, where Ekblaw is storm bound, Is known as

one of the Pillars of Hercules. It Is sbout half¬way between Upernivik, the most northern Esqui¬mau settlement, and the North Pole. Tempestuousweather often prevails there, end Dr. Kane, theArctic explorer, speaks of Cape Alexander aa theentrance to Hades in winter. Tt was named byCaptain Inglerteld, of th« British Navy, after Ad¬miral Alexander.Albert Operti, an American artist, who accom¬

panied Robert E. Peary on two North Polar ex¬

pedition«, in 1896 and 1897, describes Etah as a

group of rocks bounded by a high mountain anda fiord, at the end of which looms the great gla¬cier called Brother John's Glacier.When the schooner George B. Cluett seta sail at

St. John's, Nfld., next July with the members ofthe Crocker Land relief expedition on board thestaunch little craft will face many milis of ice.To reach Cape York the vessel must pa«« throughMelville Bay, with a stretch of 190 miles of float¬ing Ice.

CAPTAIN COMER WILL HAVE CHARGE OfTHE GEORGE B. CLUETT.

Captain Comer is expected to pilot the vesselsuccessfully through these Immense fields of Ice.He Is a sailor of fine » lysique and has mademany voyages in northern seas, where he hasgathered collections of curio* and trophies fromthe Esquimau« for Columbia University, HarvardUniversity and the American Museum of NaturalHistory. His home in Connecticut Is a verttabl«museum of trophies gathered in Arctic land andremote parts of Alaska.To finance the Crocker Land expédition a fand

of over $70,000 was subscribed. Those who eon«

tributed supplies or money were: Th« Universityof Illinois, Yale University, Colgate University,Harvard University, the Peary Arctic Club, th«New York Academy of Sc'cnee», Bowdoin College,the American Museum, the American GeographicalSociety, Worcester Academy, Ogden Milla, Pro¬fessor Henry F. Oiborn, Colonel Theodore Roose¬velt, Zenas Crane, Mrs. C. B. Alexander, Jacob H,Schiff, the late Mrs. Morris K. Jeiur and John E.Thayer.The United States Navy also detailed fer de¬

tached duty on this expedition Enatgn FltxhoghGreen and Jerome Lee Allen, the latter as wire¬less operator.

THEY WOULD HELP BILLY SUNDAY SPEND HIS MONEYBy A. D. FAIRBAIRN.

COUNTLESS opportunities to assistdamsels in financial distress; youngmen who have good things that theycan't exactly finance; dowagers who

need money so as to fit their daughters forunion with "substantial young gentlemen";motion picture men who want a lead for some

big venture, and poets whose effusions haven'tso fsr charmed any hard hearted publisherhave been offered Billy Sunday since he beganhis assault on Paterson sin and sinners.To meet all demands it would be necessary

for the distinguished evangelist to have therevenues of a small kingdom. Yet all the ap¬plicants insist that their schemes are worthy,and some of them go so far as to threaten himwith bodily harm if he doesn't come to theirassistance. One man, who wanted a little mat¬ter of $o,000 to finance a real estate deal, saidhe and his family would pray that the Pater¬son effort meet with failure if the money was

not forthcoming. But even this direful threatdidn't move the evangelist."Just say 'nothing doing' to this mutt" he

said, tossing the letter to B. D. Ackly, his pri¬vate secretary. 'But, say, what do you thinkof this?" and he handed me a letter he had re¬

ceived from a young woman in Brooklyn,pledging me at the same time to suppress hername.

The correspondent informed the evangelistthat she was about to get married, and that

unless he came to her assistance she wouldhave to take her place beneath the orange

blossoms not quite as exquisitely gowned as

some who had gone that road before.

"And you can readily understand, Mr. Sun¬

day, how humiliating this would prove to one

who has been so delicately reared as myself."6he wrote. "Indeed, I don't see how I wouldever recover from the shock. I think about

$1,000 would pay the expenses, and I am send¬ing you my note to be paid in six months from

date. It is an honorable transaction and I am

sure my husband will pay it. You see I can'task him to advance the money now. but afterthe ceremony it will be so different."

"Tell her to get a house dress." said Billy,turning with a merry laugh to his secretary."So she wants to put this thing over without

letting the fellow she is going to marry know

anything about it. I have a good mind to let

him know the kind of a wife he is getting, but

pshaw! perhaps she's better than he at that."Twelve negotiable notes, from as many vir¬

tuous and optimistic Micawbers, are held bythe evangelist. The makers in each case have

accompanied their requests for loans by "se¬

curity" submitted in advance.A man who wanted to buy a ranch in Cali¬

fornia sent a note signed in blank. He said

probably $7,000 would do, but perhaps the

evangelist could see his way dear to raisingthe ante to five figures."You can just fill up the note for what in

your judgment would be an amount sufficientto finance this deal and then send me a NewYork draft for the entire sum. I shall con¬

sider this transaction as good as done. As thematter is urgent, please give it your imme¬diate attention," wrote the applicant."Some nerve for a man who has never seen

me," remarked the much amused evangelist."Tell him, Ackly, to go to some bank for hisdough."From Los Angeles came a plaintive appeal

from a woman who said she wanted to acquirean orange giove. It would be so pleasant to

sit under the trees in summer time, think highthoughts, compose lofty poetry and worshipGod while the birds are singing merrily, thefair one informed the strenuous preacher. Shesaid she felt quite sure this picture of bucolicjoy would move his great heart and a NewYork draft would quickly follow. She onlyneeded $2,000 to complete the transaction; a

mere trifle; so little for so great a man. Infact, she regarded his aid as so completely a

matter of course that she had paid a smallamount on the grove in order to bind the bar¬gain.But if she waits for her grove until Billy

sends that draft she will never sit beneath theshade of her own orange trees. The evange¬list predicted that the next letter he receivesfrom her will be mildly reproachful, and thethird will convey the information that he is a

hypocrite because he refuses to aid the"worthy." f

"If I help I'm a mutt, and if I withhold as¬

sistance I'm anything but a Christian," de¬clared Sunday with a sigh.A citizen, who had been discharged from

Blackwell's Island, where he spent six monthsfor refusing to support his wife and family,asked the evangelist to put his O. K. on a shortstory which the magazines had unfeelingly re¬

turned with "regrets.""All it will be necessary for you to do in

order to make this a go is to write across it inred ink, 'Read and approved by Billy Sunday,' *

wrote the discharged prisoner. But the evan¬

gelist refuses to become the sponsor for aspir¬ing literary stars and poets. Probably the manwho thinks he has a more intimate associationwith the Muses than his less fortunate fellowsgives Sunday more trouble than all the restof the bores combined.HE WAS A GENIUS; INSISTED ONREADING HIS MASTERPIECE ALOUD.One poor fellow, who Mid he had produced

an elegy that would mak« Gray's churchyardattempt loo!: like dogr,crel. journeyed fromPittsburgh to , i e Sunday the benefit of hisgem. He said it was something about a smoke¬stack on the top of Mount Washington, wheramany of the citizens go to escape the dust andsoot which hang like a pall over the lower partof the city. It spoke of the struggle« of a

man and woman, burdened or blessed by a

baby, but with little or no money to reach the

Caattaaei «a ftfta «aal«.