Today…Get out…• Pencil• Catastrophic Events

Map

The Plan…• Review Volcanoes and Earth

History

Homework:• Study for test

A B

Review 1

Made by magma pushing up and cooling before if breaks the

surface

Made by lava running over the land and piling up

Destructive effects of volcanoes Constructive effects of volcanoes

4. Lahars – floods of mud rock and debris - can destroy homes and property

5. It can cause earthquakes7. Lava flows can damage homes and property8. Pyroclastic flows – clouds rock and hot gas – can destroy whole ecosystems9. They can cause a tsunami10.They can cause lightning storms11. The ash can cool the atmosphere,

contaminate water and suffocate people

1 Hot springs for recreation2. Heat can create geothermal heat for homes3. Geothermal energy can provide heat to grow food4. Thermal energy can provide electricity5. Beautiful Landscapes6. Ash enriches soil7. Can positively affect the composition of the atmosphere and ocean 8. Floods help to create beaches

Review 2

Review 3

What is the difference between a lahar and a pyroclastic flow? What type ofvolcano would cause both?• A lahar is a flood of water, mud and debris• A pyroclastic flow is a hot cloud of rock particles,

ash and gas that flows up to 100 mph• A composite volcano would have both

Review 4 – Identify the volcanoes and tell where they are found

• Composite/Strato Volcanoes– Mostly near subduction zones

• Shield Volcano– Where plates diverge - “rifts”– Hot spots

• Cinder Cone– On the sides, or near, composite and

shield volcanoes

5. How do the characteristics of these volcanoes compare?

• Viscosity:• Gas content:• Eruption:

High

High

Explosive

• Viscosity:• Gas content:• Eruption:

Low

Low

Lava flows

6. Describe the difference between an extinct volcano and a dormant volcano• Extinct: not erupting and not likely to erupt again• Dormant: not erupting and likely to erupt again

7. Types of igneous rocks• Explain the difference between intrusive and

extrusive igneous rocks– Intrusive igneous rocks cool underground and

have large crystals– Extrusive igneous rocks cool on the surface and

have small crystals

8. Describe how igneous rock could become sedimentary rock.

• Igneous rock cools from being hot magma and over lots of years is weathered into small pieces. Those pieces are eventually compacted and cemented together into sedimentary rock.

9. Fill in the rock cycle

Magma

Cooling

Igneous

Weathering and erosion

Compacting cementing, layering

Sedimentary Rock

Heat and pressure

Metamorphic Rock

Melting

10. What are three ways life has affected the history earth?• Photosynthesizing bacteria created oxygen• New rocks were formed

– Coral– Limestone– Coal

• Rocks are weathered by plants

11. How do they find ages of fossils?• Superposition – The placement in the layers

tells us relative age• Actual age is through the chemical composition

Review - 12• What caused this?• What effects could it have had?

– An impact from a space object caused the crater to form

– It changed the landscape by creating the crater and could have caused a change in biodiversity (life).

“I can… ” Test is Thursday• Study:

– Knowledge Map items: • 65-97

– “I can’s…”:• All Volcanoes and Earth History

Today: Test Day• Plate boundaries map• Moon observations• Have a pencil ready• Shields go to Person 1 and 3• Any last minute questions?

When done quietly:ReadDo other homeworkDo squiggle

Learning Check #20Have Your Graph Out