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Bach and Handel

Baroque Music

Like in visual arts, emotion was very important

Most patrons were nobles from state or church

Musicians saw themselves as employees rather than artists and created on demand

Music specific to the occasionLittle thought of preservation of musicPowerful tool for communication/create

emotions

Baroque Music

Family HistoryGerman Large family of

professional church musicians

4 of his own sons also became major composers

Never left his native country

Bach

Court organist in WeimarComposed the great toccatas, fugues, and works for

organChapel master to the prince of Anhalt

Famous Brandenburg Concertos and Orchestral Suites1723 became cantor of St. Thomas’ Church in Leipzig

Weekly church cantatasPassion music for Good FridayFestive music for major events

Fugue – one-movement composition/uses imitative counterpoint

Wrote primarily for the church and patrons

Bach's Music

Family HistoryBorn in GermanySon of a Barber-

surgeonTraveled the worldBecame a citizen of

EnglandBecame a national

treasure there

Handel

Composed music mostly for the publicKnown for genre known as oratorio (chorus

and orchestra together)His most famous told the life of Jesus

(Messiah)“Hallelujah Chorus”Known as a brilliant organistCollapsed at the end of a performance of

Messiah and died 3 days later

Handel's music

Family HistoryVenetianStudied to be a

priest but was also accomplished with violin and harpsichord

Traveled widely across Europe composing music

Vivaldi

Directed the orchestra and chorus at a girl’s orphanage for nearly 40 years

Gained huge popularity at the orphanage – eventually traveled Europe composing for European courts

Best known for concertos (solo parts alternated with a group of instruments) – The Four Seasons

Concertos were very dramatic and are like an “argument” or contest between the soloist and orchestra

Vivaldi’s Music

Write your 3-4 sentence summary for Baroque music.

Music Summary

Baroque DanceBallet – The Beginnings

The Birth of BalletGrew from court dance of RenaissanceAristocracy wanted dance to show social

etiquette – dance masters became a necessity to keep up with new trends

Masters started to use rehearsals and nobles studied with dance masters

Dance manuals became common – taught both dance and social elegance

Catherine de MediciBefore Louis XIVGiven some credit for beginnings of ballet in France1533 – married King Henry II (French)She was ItalianShe brought Italian dance master Balthasar de

Beaujoyeaux – duties of court entertainment1581 – Balthasar created Ballet Comique de la Reine

(the Queen’s Comic Ballet)Included: large sets, songs, poetry, and prose –

performed by court nobles

King Louis XIVContinued the French tradition of Ballet“The Sun King” – performed role of Apollo in

Ballet de la Nuit (Ballet of the Night) in 16531661 – established Academie Royale de la

Danse (Royal Academy of Dance) – aided in professionalization of the art of ballet

Louis cont.Pierre Beauchamp – king’s ballet master –

developed ballet terminology and techniqueHe created 5 positions for the feet and

concept of dancing with “turned out” legsBallet no longer function of court – moved

from palace to theatreFirst female dancers to professionally

perform appeared in 1681 in Le Triomphe de l’Amour (The Triumph of Love)

Before you leave…Write a 3-4 sentence summary of Baroque ballet and compare it to the dance of the Renaissance.

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