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Today
Quiz
Notes (Only copy the pages with *)
Reading for homework- Due Wednesday
Renewable vs. Nonrenewable
energy resources
Nonrenewable energy resource *
Is used much faster than it can be replaced. We could run out
Natural resources that cannot be replaced in nature
Most of the energy comes from fossil fuel.
Examples: Fossil Fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas) diamonds, metals, other minerals
Fossil fuels *
Energy that have formed over millions of year from the decay of ancient plants and animals.
Examples: coal, petroleum, natural gas,
Coal
Is a solid that is formed from decayed plants millions of years ago
Burned in many power plants to boil water
A spinning turbine turns a generator, which changes ______________ Energy to electrical energy.
21% of the US Energy Source *
Petroleum
Liquid fossil fuel known as crude oil.
made from ancient sea organisms.
Burned in car engines, to heat homes.
Burned to create electrical energy
37% of the US Energy Source
Natural Gas
Found with petroleum
Used in stoves, furnaces, water heaters, clothes dryers, and other appliances.
Burned to create electrical energy
25% Natural Gas of US Energy Source
Advantages of Fossil Fuels *
Produces a large amount of energy
Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels *
Cause pollution= unwanted materials into environment
Burning=Air pollution, releases CO2
Global warming
Coal mining= damage land and pollute water supplies
Drilling oil= disturbs habitats, can have spills
Nuclear Energy *
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atoms
Nuclear power plants produce electricity, and use uranium (nonrenewable) as fuel
Advantages No air pollution
Disadvantages Radioactive materials could be released into the
environment. Very harmful to humans and other living things.
9% of US Energy Source
Renewable Energy Sources *
Can be replaced as it is used or cannot be used up
Types: solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, geothermal
Air, freshwater, soil, living things, and sunlight
Solar *
Energy from the sun
Collect to produce heat and electricity
Types: Solar panels, photovoltaic cell, solar batteries, solar reflector
Less than 1% of US Energy Source
Photovoltaic cell
Solar cell
Can change light energy into electricity
Require sunlight so during the night they use a power company grid.
Some buildings have solar batteries that store the energy during the day and use it at night.
Solar panels/reflectors
Solar panels in an open area that collect sunlight
Solar reflector reflects and focuses sunlight into a pipe. The pipe becomes heated, they energy is used to turn water to steam.
Solar Energy *
Advantages does not create pollution or use
nonrenewable fuels
Will not run out
Provides more energy than people need
Disadvantages Solar panels are expensive
Wind energy
Moving air to turn the blades of windmills or wind turbines
Wind farms are area that use large number of wind turbines to produce energy
Less than 1% of US Energy Source
Wind energy
Advantages Does not cause pollution
Does not contribute to global warming
Disadvantages Turbines are noisy
Birds and Bats have been struck & killed but the blades
Hydropower
Moving water
Water moves turbines which move electric generator, produce electricity
A waterfall is a good location to place a hydroelectric power plant because of the large. Other places must have a dam
3% of US Energy Source
Hydropower
Advantages Does not create pollution
Disadvantages Only available near a large river
Creating a dam causes floods and destroyes habitats.
Biomass
Material from living things
Examples: Burning wood
burning plant material (compost)
Fuel= ethanol, made of crops such as corn
4% of US Energy Source
Biomass
Advantages Reduce the amount of gasoline
Disadvantages Releases carbon dioxide
Food sources from people and animals
Geothermal Heat energy from inside Earth
Geo= Earth; Thermal=heat
Uses volcanoes, hot springs, geyser
Advantages Used to hear roads and sidewalks to keep them free of
ice and snow
Disadvantages Location over volcanically active ground
Did you know? In Iceland, nearly 90% of the homes are heated with geothermal energy.
Connections *
Air can be cleaned and purified by plants during the process of photosynthesis as they remove carbon dioxide from the air and replace it with oxygen.
The water cycle allows Earth’s water to be used over and over within the environment.
Topsoil is formed to replace soil that has been carried away by wind and water (although new soil forms very slowly).
Trees and other new plants grow to replace those that have been cut down or died.
Animals are born to replace animals that have died.
Conservation *
hat natural resources can be depleted or used to the point that they are in effect no longer available.
Conservation involves preventing the loss of a resource by way of thoughtful management of it.
Consequences *
that freshwater can be depleted because of increased demands for water on account of population shifts. This results in water not being available or not being sufficient to meet demands.
Soil can be lost because it is left bare of vegetation and allowed to erode depletes the land of the fertile topsoil needed for plant growth in that area.
If living resources, such as trees, are removed without being replanted, this can contribute to environmental changes in the land, air, and water in that area that leads to negative consequences.
Human Population *
As population increases, the need for resources ________________.
reduce, reuse, recycle
US Energy Use by Source*
Identify as nonrenewable or renewable 37% Oil
25% Natural Gas
21% Coal
9% Nuclear
4% Biomass and biofuel
3% Hydropower
1% Geothermal, solar, wind
Do we use more renewable or nonrenewable?
reduce, reuse, recycle*
Reduce= making a decision to not use a resource when there is an alternative such as walking or riding a bicycle rather than
traveling in a car.
Reusing= finding a way to use a resource again without changing it or reprocessing it such as washing a drinking glass rather than
throwing away plastic or Styrofoam.
Recycling= reprocessing a resource so that the materials can be used again as another item, such as metals, glass or plastics being remade
into new metal
Which of the following is a nonrenewable energy
resource? A. coal
B. wood
C. wind
D. biomass
Which source of energy depends on moving
water? A. geothermal energy
B. hydropower
C. solar energy
D. biomass
Which of the following does not release carbon
dioxide when it is used as an energy resource? A. petroleum
B. ethanol
C. coal
D. Wind
Why is the use of geothermal energy
limited? A. It can be used only in areas that have volcanic
activity, and these areas are limited
B. It can be used only in areas that receive a great deal of sunlight, and these areas are limited
C. It destroys habitats, so it cannot be used in areas where there is a lot of wildlife.
D. it pollutes the water, so it cannot be used in areas where people live.
Most of the energy is used in the US comes
from A. oil and natural gas
B. coal and nuclear energy
C. natural gas and biomass
D. Hydropower and oil
Which of the following is the most reliable
prediction about the future of some
nonrenewable energy sources? A. Enough new coal and oil will form to meet our needs in
the near future.
B. In the near future, people will no longer need to conserve fossil fuels
C. Fossil Fuel supplies wil decrease, and the cost of fossil fuels will increase
D. Coal will be in short supply, but oil will still be widely available for our use.
The wise use of natural resource is
called A. production
B. conservation
C. biomass
D. restoration