Today’s Catalyst

1. What is the difference between a physical and chemical change? Write your answer in complete sentences.

2. Classify the following as either a physical or chemical change:

a. Plants make sugar from carbon dioxide and water b. Water vapor in the air forms frost c. A goldsmith melts a nugget of gold and pulls it into a wire

The States of Matter

The three states of matter are: solid, liquid, and gas.

These three states of matter differ in terms of compressibility, structure, shape, and volume

Foldable Time

FoldableCompressibility

Structure

Shape

Volume

Solid Liquid Gas

Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter:

Based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion.

Theory has 3 basic assumptions (but we are only going to cover the first 2)

Assumption #1Matter is composed of small particles (molecules)

Assumption #2

The molecules are in constant motion. This motion is different for the three states of matter.

SolidCompressibility: Not compressible

Structure: Particles are packed together in fixed position(vibrate in place)

SolidShape: Definite shape

Volume: Definite volume

Liquid Compressibility: more

compressible than a solid, but barely compressible

Structure: Individual molecules do not stick together(particles SLIDE past each other)

Liquid Shape: Indefinite Shape

(takes the shape of its container)

Volume: Definite Volume

GASCompressibility: Highly compressible

Structure: Gas particles do not stick together(spread out)

GAS Shape: Indefinite Shape

(takes the shape of its container)

Volume: Indefinite Volume; gases expand to fill whatever volume is available

Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13

Guided Practice

Maverick Races!

Take out a dry erase marker and whiteboard

Draw a circle on your whiteboard. Label the circle ‘Solid’ Draw the structure of the solid’s particles in your circle

Solid

Answer:

This state of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. On your whiteboard write down the name of this state.

Answer:

•Gas

Which two states of matter have a definite volume?

Answer:

•Solid and Liquid

Draw a circle on your whiteboard. Label the circle ‘Liquid’ Draw the structure of liquid’s particles in your circle

Liquid

Answer:

In which states of matter do the particles have movement?

Answer:

•Solid, Liquid, and Gas

Add Up Your Points: Who is the Horse

Race Champion??