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Today’s Warm Up
Take out the world map where you previously charted the explorative voyages of Portugal. Using pages 74 & 75 in your textbook, add in the voyages for Spain (color coded in blue)
On the back, list each explorer and explain why their voyage was significant Columbus Magellan Elcano Balboa Pizarro (don’t need to explain significance) Cortes (don’t need to explain significance)
EXPLORATION TO THE WEST
Today’s LEQ: How did exploration to the West result in the exchange of new goods and ideas between the Old World and New World?
Spain Builds and Empire European
explorers reached the Americas by the late 1400s & scramble to est. colonies and empires
Spain conquered two of the greatest native empires of the Americas, the Aztecs and the Incas
Spain in the Caribbean First areas settled were
Caribbean islands like Hispaniola & Cuba
Colonial economy based on mining of gold & silver, farming
For labor, set up the Encomienda System A colonist was given land
and a Native American labor force.
The colonist then Christianized the natives.
Encomienda System Fails
Natives were overworked and often mistreated.
Europeans brought smallpox, tuberculosis and measles and the natives had no resistance and millions died
The Conquest of Mexico
Spaniards eventually moved to the mainland to set up colonies
Spanish conquistador, Hernan Cortes, led expedition to Mexico, attacked Moctezuma II & conquered the Aztecs
Tenochtitlan
INFER – What do you think is happening in this painting?
The Conquest of Peru
Another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, heard about the wealth of the Incan Empire & led expedition to Peru
Smallpox had killed many even before Pizarro’s arrival
Atahualpa
New Incan leader Previous ruler had
died of smallpox Atahualpa gave
Pizarro a huge fortune in silver and gold, but the Spaniards still killed him & took over
Cuzco, Peru – present day
PREDICT: What event is
taking place? Where is the
evidence that proves your answer to be correct?
Life in the Spanish Empire Spain gained control of Peru and Mexico. The Spanish King chose officials called
viceroys to rule over American holdings Bartolome de Las Casas was a vocal
reformer who defended the plight of the Native Americans Recommended replacing them as laborers
with imported African slaves Slave labor soon becomes common practice
in the Americas
Primary Source Analysis
The Treatment of Native Americans Please record answers in your notes. ANALYZE: According to Las Casas, how
have the Spanish mistreated Native Americans?
INFER: For what audience do you think Las Casas was writing? What evidence supports your response?
***Refer to page 80 in your textbook. ***