Toolkit for Life Cycle Management in the Australian building and construction sectors

Toolkit for Life Cycle Management in the Australian building and construction sectors

Nigel Howard

President - Australian Life Cycle Assessment SocietyMD of Edge Environment

Why Needed - Drivers For Change

Invention

New Technology

Economic buying Markets for Sales, Brand Value, Reputation, Image

Implications power products/services Advertising, Marketing, Product Development

Social investing Company Public Image, Profile, Share Value

Implications power Value Annual Reporting, Ethical Investment

employment Productivity Profitability and Competitiveness

Efficiency Effectiveness

Environmental Federal Legislation, Regulation, Code, Tax Credits

Implications voting State Planning Permits, Grants & Incentives

power Local As Owner/Client - Leadership, setting example

Policy Priming markets, Public Spending,

Economic/Social Development, Regeneration

F E E D B A C K

Research

The Media

Public Opinion


Invention

New Technology












F E E D B A C K

Research

The Media

Public Opinion

Ecolabels & EPD’s


Invention

New Technology












F E E D B A C K

Research

The Media

Public Opinion

Green Branding


Invention

New Technology












F E E D B A C K

Research

The Media

Public Opinion

Regulation & Incentives – CO2-e


Invention

New Technology












F E E D B A C K

Research

The Media

Public Opinion

Practical LCA tools

Why Needed?

• Environmental marketing claims affecting real markets $$• Carbon accounting - Emission Trading Schemes $$• Basis for both is not robust

– Inconsistent Goal and Scope– Inconsistent methodology between industry sectors– Inconsistent methodology up and down the supply chain

• The ACCC scrutiny of misleading or unsubstantiated “Green” claims

• Buildings - special challenges:– They draw products from every sector– They last lifetimes – but the parts may not– Operational impact consequences over the building life, energy

use, water use, cleaning, maintenance– Many tradeoffs - frequent unforeseen consequences and perverse

outcomes

What Needed

1. Technically rigorous, industry agreed CONSISTENT “Level Playing Field” methodology for compiling LCI data for materials, products and services

2. Up-to-date, country relevant, industry LCI data compiled to the methodology

3. Industry agreed protocols for the use of the data in LCA’s, Ecolabels, EPD’s and design and rating tools (Regulations)

4. Agreed relevant methodology for impact assessment for Australia/NZ and for which the normalisation data exists

5. Regionally (and climatically) relevant weighting factors - from broad stakeholder engagement to interpret LCA’s

6. Consistent data on the life of buildings, assemblies and components for their cleaning and maintenance requirements

7. ALL transparent – available to public, industry, LCA practitioners, to design tool, EPD and ecolabelling bodies - web based

ALCAS/AusLCI

Building &Construction

ICIPIndustry &

Government

Services

Agriculture

Manufacturing

AusLCI• Methodologies• Database & tools• Protocols•Quality assurance

Water

Road

Rail

Water

Iron

Clay

Transport

Energy

Air & Space

Rice

Cotton

Broadacre crops

Fruit & Nut treesVegetables

Grapes

Livesto

ck

Poultry

Timber

Concrete

Steel

Source: Deloitte AusLCI Business Plan Draft

ALCAS/AusLCI

ALCAS/AusLCI

Traditional ALCAS Role

ALCAS/AusLCI

Traditional ALCAS Role

AusLCI

ALCAS/AusLCI

Vision

•Engage industry and broaden membership

•Chapters across Australia

•Make LCA relevant/crucial to industry and government:

•CO2-e accounting,

•ecolabels,

•design tools,

•regulation

•Seek funding WITH industry as partners

•Build AusLCI

•Charge more but deliver MUCH more

ALCAS/AusLCI

Building &Construction

ICIPIndustry &

Government

Services

Agriculture

Manufacturing

AusLCI• Methodologies• Database & tools• Protocols•Quality assurance

Water

Road

Rail

Water

Iron

Clay

Transport

Energy

Air & Space

Rice

Cotton

Broadacre crops

Fruit & Nut treesVegetables

Grapes

Livesto

ck

Poultry

Timber

Concrete

Steel

Source: Deloitte AusLCI Business Plan Draft

The Buildings & Environment: Full Life Cycle Assessment project, is a joint initiative by the Australian Life Cycle Assessment Society (ALCAS), Building Products Innovation Council (BPIC) and BRANZ Pty Ltd. This project was jointly funded by BPIC and the Australian Government under the Industry Cooperative Innovation Program

The BPIC/ICIP Project


• The Building product sector’s contribution to AusLCI• Jointly funded by the Industry (BPIC) and Government

(AusIndustry)• $1.6M over 3 years• 10 major Trade Associations – over 95% of the mass of

all buildings– Cement Concrete and Aggregates– Brick– Concrete Masonry– Roof Tiles– Timber– Gypsum Board– Steel (Structural Sections and Reinforcing)– Windows– Insulation


(Nigel’s tribute to the overhead projector)

Strategic for Australia


BPIC/ICIP Progress – 2 years in

• All documents over 95% complete subject to final sign-offs

• Data being compiled by Associations – majority expect to complete by August for November project launch

A model for other sectors

BPIC LCI Methodology

• Substantially similar to AusLCI methodology

• Some departures / enhancements:– Recycling allocation is specified in the BPIC

Guidelines– Treatment of Imported products is more

demanding– Scope is consensus agreed between all

sectors

Impact Assessment

• From review of international best practice to address key questions:

• Which methods are well accepted and robust?

• Of these, which are appropriate and relevant to Australia?

• Of these, for which does Au Normalisation data exist?

Impact Assessment

• From review of international best practice to address key questions:

• Which methods are well accepted and robust?• Of these, which are appropriate and relevant to

Australia?• Of these, for which does Au Normalisation data

exist?

And the gaps provide a research agenda for the future!

Impact Assessment

Cleaning, Maintenance, Replacement Life Database

• Compiled from all available sources in Australia and Internationally

• Aiming for REAL life data, NOT Guaranteed life, NOT durability life


• Compiled from all available sources in Australia and Internationally

• Aiming for REAL life data, NOT Guarunteed life, NOT durability life

Shockingly little objective data available



Over 3500 items compiled

Weightings

• Controversial in LCA – but essential to make LCA practical

• Weightings Working Group of key stakeholders– Which method to use

• Distance to target• Contingent valuation• Panel method

– Sampling Frame• Locations• Stakeholders invited

Weightings

• Controversial in LCA – I believe they are essential to make LCA practical

• Weightings Working Group of key stakeholders– Which method to use

• Distance to target• Contingent valuation• Panel method

– Sampling Frame• Locations• Stakeholders invited

Stakeholders Invited

Government Policymakers/Regulators (Federal and State)Construction Professionals - Builders/Designers/SurveyorsLocal AuthoritiesMaterials Producers/ManufacturersDevelopers/InvestorsActivists and LobbyistsAcademicsHomebuyersConsumer GroupsSchool StudentsRetireeesAgricultural WorkersParks and ForestryCommunity GroupsTeachers and Parent Groups

Locations

Rank Statistical Division/District State

June 2008 Estimated Resident Population[2]

Climate Zone

13 Townsville Queensland 162,730 114 Cairns Queensland 142,001 116 Darwin Northern Territory 120,652 1

Alice Springs 33 Brisbane Queensland 1,945,639 26 Gold Coast-Tweed Queensland/New South Wales 558,888 2

10 Sunshine Coast Queensland 237,562 221 Mackay Queensland 81,148 225 Rockhampton Queensland 75,497 226 Bundaberg Queensland 66,176 229 Hervey Bay Queensland 56,165 230 Coffs Harbour New South Wales 51,538 232 Gladstone Queensland 48,796 218 Albury-Wodonga New South Wales/Victoria 102,894 428 Wagga Wagga New South Wales 56,911 431 Mildura Victoria 49,280 433 Shepparton Victoria 47,710 434 Tamworth New South Wales 45,615 437 Dubbo New South Wales 36,653 443 Kalgoorlie/Boulder Western Australia 31,509 41 Sydney New South Wales 4,399,722 54 Perth Western Australia 1,602,559 55 Adelaide South Australia 1,172,105 57 Newcastle New South Wales 531,191 5

ABS Population

Data

Sorted by:

1 Climate Zone

2 Population

3 State

4 Regional Centers

Locations

Rank Statistical Division/District State

June 2008 Estimated Resident Population[2]

Climate Zone

13 Townsville Queensland 162,730 114 Cairns Queensland 142,001 116 Darwin Northern Territory 120,652 1

Alice Springs 33 Brisbane Queensland 1,945,639 26 Gold Coast-Tweed Queensland/New South Wales 558,888 2

10 Sunshine Coast Queensland 237,562 221 Mackay Queensland 81,148 225 Rockhampton Queensland 75,497 226 Bundaberg Queensland 66,176 229 Hervey Bay Queensland 56,165 230 Coffs Harbour New South Wales 51,538 232 Gladstone Queensland 48,796 218 Albury-Wodonga New South Wales/Victoria 102,894 428 Wagga Wagga New South Wales 56,911 431 Mildura Victoria 49,280 433 Shepparton Victoria 47,710 434 Tamworth New South Wales 45,615 437 Dubbo New South Wales 36,653 443 Kalgoorlie/Boulder Western Australia 31,509 41 Sydney New South Wales 4,399,722 54 Perth Western Australia 1,602,559 55 Adelaide South Australia 1,172,105 57 Newcastle New South Wales 531,191 5

ABS Population

Data

Sorted by:

1 Climate Zone

2 Population

3 State

4 Regional Centers

Locations Selected:

1 Sydney

2 Melbourne

3 Brisbane

4 Perth

5 Adelaide

6 Canberra

7 Hobart

8 Darwin

9 Albury-Wadonga

10 Alice Springs

11 Townsville

Summary Weighting of Environmental Issues

Environmental Issues Summary

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

UK Ave

rage

US Ave

rage

NZ Ave

rage

Au Ave

rage

Sydne

yPer

th

Adela

ide

Albury

Mel

bour

ne

Canbe

rra

Hobar

t

Brisba

ne

Towns

ville

Darwin

Alice

Spring

s

Internal Environment

Local & Site Issues

Global Issues

Weighting ofGlobal Environment Issues

Global Issues Summary

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

UK Ave

rage

US Ave

rage

NZ Ave

rage

Au Ave

rage

Sydne

yPer

th

Adela

ide

Albury

Mel

bour

ne

Canbe

rra

Hobar

t

Brisba

ne

Towns

ville

Darwin

Alice

Spring

s

Resource depletion

Ecological Impact

Marine Pollution

Air Pollution

Global Warming

Weighting ofLocal Environment Issues

Local Issues Summary

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

UK Ave

rage

US Ave

rage

NZ Ave

rage

Au Ave

rage

Sydne

yPer

th

Adela

ide

Albury

Mel

bour

ne

Canbe

rra

Hobar

t

Brisba

ne

Towns

ville

Darwin

Alice

Spring

s

Local Resources

Habitat Loss

Water Pollution

Air pollution

Land Productivity

Toxicity



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

UK Gov

ernm

ent

UK Loc

al A

utho

ritie

s

UK Con

sulta

nts

UK Mat

erial

s Pro

d

UK Inve

stors

UK Act

iv & L

obby

UK Aca

dem

ics

UK Ave

rage

Au Fed

Gov

ernm

ent F

ed

Au Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Au Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Au Con

sulta

nt

Au M

ater

ials/P

rodu

cts

Au Buil

der/C

ontra

ctor

Au In

vest

ors

Au Acti

v & L

obby

Au Tra

de A

ssoc

iation

s

Au Aca

dem

ics

Sydne

y Sec

Sch

Sydne

y Ret

ired


Local & Site Issues

Global Issues



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

UK Gov

ernm

ent

UK Loc

al A

utho

ritie

s

UK Con

sulta

nts

UK Mat

erial

s Pro

d

UK Inve

stors

UK Act

iv & L

obby

UK Aca

dem

ics

UK Ave

rage

Au Fed

Gov

ernm

ent F

ed

Au Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Au Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Au Con

sulta

nt

Au M

ater

ials/P

rodu

cts

Au Buil

der/C

ontra

ctor

Au In

vest

ors

Au Acti

v & L

obby

Au Tra

de A

ssoc

iation

s

Au Aca

dem

ics

Sydne

y Sec

Sch

Sydne

y Ret

ired

Resource depletion

Ecological Impact

Marine Pollution

Air Pollution

Global Warming



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

UK Gov

ernm

ent

UK Loc

al A

utho

ritie

s

UK Con

sulta

nts

UK Mat

erial

s Pro

d

UK Inve

stors

UK Act

iv & L

obby

UK Aca

dem

ics

UK Ave

rage

Au Fed

Gov

ernm

ent F

ed

Au Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Au Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Au Con

sulta

nt

Au M

ater

ials/P

rodu

cts

Au Buil

der/C

ontra

ctor

Au In

vest

ors

Au Acti

v & L

obby

Au Tra

de A

ssoc

iation

s

Au Aca

dem

ics

Sydne

y Sec

Sch

Sydne

y Ret

ired

Local Resources

Habitat Loss

Water Pollution

Air pollution

Land Productivity

Toxicity



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Mal

e

Female

Inco

me

<29

Inco

me

30-5

9

Inco

me

60-8

9

Inco

me

90-1

19

Inco

me

>120

Age <

19

Age 2

0-34

Age 3

5-49

Age 5

0-64

Age >

65


Local & Site Issues

Global Issues



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Mal

e

Female

Inco

me

<29

Inco

me

30-5

9

Inco

me

60-8

9

Inco

me

90-1

19

Inco

me

>120

Age <

19

Age 2

0-34

Age 3

5-49

Age 5

0-64

Age >

65

Resource depletion

Ecological Impact

Marine Pollution

Air Pollution

Global Warming



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Mal

e

Female

Inco

me

<29

Inco

me

30-5

9

Inco

me

60-8

9

Inco

me

90-1

19

Inco

me

>120

Age <

19

Age 2

0-34

Age 3

5-49

Age 5

0-64

Age >

65

LocalResources

Habitat Loss

Water Pollution

Air pollution

LandProductivity

Toxicity

Sample

Participants

44

34

42

34

52

38

11

24

46

66

54

12

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Male Female Income<29

Income30-59

Income60-89

Income90-119

Income>120

Age<19

Age20-34

Age35-49

Age50-64

Age>65

Nu

mb

er

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

Pe

rce

nt

Participants

Australia %

Reformatted and Normalised

for use with LCA Impact Categories

Impact Assessment

Issues Measurement, Weighting

Imp

act Sco

re - Eco

po

ints

1 Australian Ecopoint =

• 500 passenger kilometres international air travel

• 2,120km car travel

• 66kWh of Australian average electricity

• 1.5 tonnes of brick

1 Australian Ecopoint =

• 500 passenger kilometres international air travel

• 2,120km car travel

• 66kWh of Australian average electricity

• 1.5 tonnes of brick

100 Ecopoints = an Australian average citizen for a year

What Next?

(Nigel’s tribute to the overhead projector)

What Next?

LCA Tools for Buildings

What Next?

LCA Tools for Materials & Products

What Next?

Rating Tools may one day be regulated at minimum levels

What Next?

• Full launch and public availability by November 2010

What Next?

Respectful Challenge to LCANZ

• Get down and dirty with industry

•Align methodology with AusLCI – it’s one market really

• Make LCA practical and relevant – use weighting / ecopoints?

• Connect to market – ecolabels, EPD’s, Design Tools

• Put LCA on the Board agenda for NZ companies

•Collaborate with ALCAS

Thank You

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Toolkit for Life Cycle Management in the Australian building and construction sectors

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