2. Analyze how heavy industry transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society. Take out your handout and write the learning objective (what you need to learn from this lesson). Write, Analyze how heavy industry transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society. 3. Industries such as steel, oil, automobile, mining, etc. which require very large investments of capital (money) in weighty machinery and huge plants (factories). Take out your handout and write the definition for heavy industry-- Industries such as steel, oil, automobile, mining, etc. which require very large investments of capital (money) in weighty machinery and huge plants (factories). 4. Did rapid industrialization improve the lives of Americans? Are the benefits of progress worth the costs? By the end of the unit, you should be able to discuss if industrialization improved the lives of Americans, and are the benefits of progress worth the costs. 5. The first heavy industry that we will discuss is steel. Steel manufacturing greatly contributed to the success of the Industrial Revolution. 6. It was a cheaper, faster way to make steel 2. What was the Bessemer process? This success was brought about by a new process that revolutionized the steel industry. Go to your handout. Answer the next question, What was the Bessemer process? Write, It was a cheaper, faster way to make steel. 7. 1850s Bessemer Process Made steel faster and cheaper BEFORE BESSEMER PROCESS 1873 115,000 tons of steel manufactured AFTER BESSEMER PROCESS 1910 24 million tons of steel manufactured Used to make railroad locomotives and rails Used to make taller buildings Factories with steel machinery turned out more manufactured goods Low cost of steel made it practical for everyday items such as nails and wire 8. New Bessemer production techniques increased efficiency (saved time) which in turn lowered the cost of steel. The next question asks, In the late 1800s, what factor directly contributed to the growth of the steel industry? In your handout write, New Bessemer production techniques increased efficiency (saved time) which in turn lowered the cost of steel. 9. Factories equipped with steel were able to produce more manufactured goods to meet consumer demands which in turn made the company more money. The question asks, How did the steel industry lead to the Second Industrial Revolution? In your handout write, Factories equipped with steel were able to produce more manufactured goods to meet consumer demands which in turn made the company more money. 10. Write: Improvements in steel made stronger internal steel structure to support the building, it could be taller; therefore taller buildings created greater population density in urban areas DENSITY=CONCENTRA TION 11. Another heavy industry that greatly contributed to the success of the Industrial Revolution was railroads. 12. Write: Railroads transported goods that were being manufactured, transported food crops and meat to market, and provided jobs. 6. How would railroads help lead to the 2nd Industrial Revolution? 13. Write: Railroads made settlement in the West easier, and caused new towns to spring up. 14. During the late 1800s, major improvements to a nationwide system of trade and the opening of the West to settlement were made with the transcontinental Railroad. 15. 1910 May 10, 1869 at Promontory Summit in Utah Territory The first transcontinental railroad crossed the country Very quickly, railroad lines expanded! 16. The third heavy industry we will discuss is petroleum (oil). 17. Write: Petroleum products fuels a revolution in transportation (car manufacturing) and other industries. 18. Our next focus of discussion is mass production. Heavy industries adopted this form of manufacturing 19. Henry Ford is the first to use the assembly line and interchangeable parts. Other industries soon follow his example 20. Write: Mass production is manufacturing large numbers of identical items; Its effects are: it creates large increases in production, decrease in prices, standardization of measurements, and repetitive jobs (doing the same job at work over and over). 21. WRITE: interchangeable parts, identical machine-made parts assembly line system in which workers stay in one place, adding parts as items go by 22. Write: It allowed for increased production, lowered prices, increased sales 23. What were the three heavy industries we discussed? They were steel, railroads, oil, and we discussed the influence of car manufacturing when we discussed mass production.
