Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary
Total Solution for Quantitative Gene Expression Analysis & Protein Profiling –
Recent Advances & New Applications
Hao ZHANG, PhD
Panomics Inc.
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 2
Panomics Solution
1. Gene Solution1-plex (QG)Multiplex (QGP)ViewRNA (single cell, single copy)
2. Protein SolutionQuantitationProfiling
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 3
Quantification Directly from the Source
NO RNA Isolation!NO Reverse Transcription!!NO PCR!!!
DATA
TissueFFPEBloodCells
Signal Amplification Assay
QuantiGene
QuantiGene Assay: A “Single-Tube Solution”
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 4
QuantiGene Assay: Starting Materials
Purified RNA
Cultured cellsAnimal tissue FFPE tissue
Whole blood
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 5
RNA
Label Probe
Probe Set
Amplifier
Substrate
QG 2.0 Assay Components
Pre-Amplifier
CE BLLE
CE = capture extendersLE = label extenders)BL = blocking probes
Amplifier
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 6
Technology – QG Singleplex: basic workflow
Amplification calculation: amplifier no. (6,20) x label probe no. (4; 20) x tree no. (3; 6-8)
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 7
QuantiGene - Summary
• Minimal Sample PreparationNo RNA PurificationNo Reverse TranscriptionNo Amplification
•Simple Workflow Similar to an ELISA or a “Single-tube Solution”Easy Data Analysis
• Easy Assay OptimizationKit format means that all components and hyb conditions are optimizedQuantiGene probes sets enjoy a > 99% success rate on the first design
• High Precision and AccuracyDifferences in as small as 5% can be quantified
• Flexibility in Sample Cells, animal tissue, FFPE-sections, plant tissue, RNA, bacteria, virus
• Broad Range of Applications RNAi, Predictive Tox, Microarray Follow-up, Biomarker id, target id, targetvalidation, secondary screening
SimpleSimple …… AccurateAccurate …… PrecisePrecise …… RobustRobust …… FlexibleFlexible
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 8
References
Soonmyung P. et al., HER2 Status and Benefit from Adjuvant Trastuzumab in Breast Cancer. NEJM. 2008. 358(13), 1409-1411
Knudsen, B.S., et al., Evaluation of the Branched-Chain DNA Assay for the measurement of RNA in Formalin-Fixed Tissues. Journal of Molecular Diagnostics. 2008. 10(2),170-5.
Lin, X., et al., 'Seed' analysis of off-target siRNAs reveals an essential role of Mcl-1 in resistance to the small-molecule Bcl-2/Bcl-XL inhibitor ABT-737. Oncogene, 2007. 26(27): p. 3972-9.
Miao, Z., et al., CXCR7 (RDC1) promotes breast and lung tumor growth in vivo and is expressed on tumor-associated vasculature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007. 104(40): p. 15735-40.
Zimmermann, T.S., et al., RNAi-mediated gene silencing in non-human primates. Nature, 2006. 441(7089): p. 111-4.
Shi, L., et al., The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project shows inter- and intraplatformreproducibility of gene expression measurements. Nat Biotechnol, 2006. 24(9): p. 1151-1161.
Reynolds, A., et al., Rational siRNA design for RNA interference. Nat Biotechnol, 2004. 22(3): p. 326-30.
OVER 500 PUBLICATIONS
Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary
QuantiGene Plex Assay
A Combination of bDNA technology and Luminex Platform
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 10
• Assay occurs on bead surface• 5.6 µm bead diameter
BASED ON BEAD COLOR
HOW CAN MULTIPLEXING OCCUR?
• Each bead contains different concentration of RED and Infrared dyes
• Up to 100 uniquely-colored beads
Beads-Based Technology
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 11
5.6 Microns
The xMAP technology uses 5.6 micron polystyrene microspheres which are internally dyed with red and infrared fluorophores.
Using different intensities of the two dyes for different batches of microspheres, we have created 100 xMAPmicrosphere sets, each with a unique spectral signature determined by it’s red/infrared dye mixture.
The bead is now filled with a specific known ratio of the two dyes.
Luminex xMAP Technology- Basic Assay Principle
As each microsphere carries a unique signature, the xMAP detection system can identify to which set it belongs. Therefore, multiplexing up to 100 tests in a single reaction volume is possible.
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 12
100 color codes = 100 simultaneous tests
Beads Based Technology
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 13
Luminex xMAP Technology - Basic Assay Principle
Abs Receptors
OligonucleotidesPeptides
Many applications can be performed on the Luminex platform, including nucleic acid, immunological, receptor-ligand and enzyme assays.
Panomics currently provides both antibody-based and nucleic acid-based solutions.
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 14
Luminex xMAP Technology- Instrumentation
The Luminex platform is a robust flow cytometer based instrument, based on tried and trusted technology that is used in thousands of laboratories daily.
Our assays will work on any Luminex or Luminex based (e.g. Bio-Rad Bioplex) platform.
We have partnered with MiriaBio, a subsidiary of Hitachi, to provide a software solution.
It is also possible to fully automate the entire environment, and we can work with our customers to facilitate a complete walk-away solution.
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 15
Luminex xMAP Technology- Detection
As in any flow cytometer the stream of suspended particles (beads) is lined up in single file prior to passing through the detection chamber. This approach allows each particle to be measured as a discrete event.
Each particle is simultaneously exposed to a red (bead classifier) and green (reporter quantifier) laser which decodes both the signature of the individual bead and the code specific to the concentration of analyte associated with that bead.
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 16
QuantiGeneQuantiGene Plex Plex –– Technology OverviewTechnology Overview(Workflow Summary)(Workflow Summary)
Target 1Target 1 Target 2Target 2 Target nTarget n
Capture Bead 1Capture Bead 1
Capture Probe 1Capture Probe 1 Capture Probe 2Capture Probe 2
Capture Bead 2Capture Bead 2
Capture Probe nCapture Probe n
Capture Bead nCapture Bead n
CECE CECE CECE CECE CECE CECE
LELE LELE LELE
LPLP--SAPESAPE LPLP--SAPESAPE LPLP--SAPESAPE
AmplifierAmplifier AmplifierAmplifier AmplifierAmplifier
Capture Bead 1Capture Bead 1 Capture Bead 2Capture Bead 2 Capture Bead nCapture Bead n
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 17
QuantiGene Plex– Cross-Reactivity
In each well, a single IVT RNA (40 In each well, a single IVT RNA (40 amolamol) is challenged with the full 10) is challenged with the full 10--plex panel plex panel
IL-2
TNFa
VE
GF
IL-1
0IL
-6IL
-1B
IFN
gD
AP
IL-8
CS
F2G
AP
DH
IL-2VEGF
IL-6IFNg
IL-8GAPDH
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000N
et M
FIIL-2TNFaVEGFIL-10IL-6IL-1BIFNgDAPIL-8CSF2GAPDH
Cytokine 10Cytokine 10--plex Panelplex Panel
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 18
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 19
Background: MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC)
FDA Led Project with the participation of over 50 organizations addressing the concerns of microarray performance and analysis.
Comprehensive study to compare expression data generated using a variety of microarray-based and alternative quantitative platforms, including
• Microarray: e.g. ABI, AFX, AGI, GEH, ILM
• Quantitative platform: e.g. QuantiGene, TaqMan, (sta)RT-PCR
Unique opportunity to assess assay precision, accuracy and data compatibility across multiple platforms.
Papers published in Sept. 06 issue of Nature Biotechnology
Data publicly available for independent analysis. http://www.fda.gov/nctr/science/centers/toxicoinformatics/maqc/
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 20
MAQC: Experimental Design
Assaying four pools of two RNA samples repeatedly.
Four pools of RNA samples:•A: Universal Human Reference RNA (UHRR) from Stratagene•B: Human Brain Reference RNA (HBRR) from Ambion•C: 75% A + 25% B•D: 25% A + 75% B
Assessing performance metrics:Precision – assay CVRelative accuracy• Predicted: C’ = 75% A + 25% B• Predicted: D’ = 25% A + 75% B• RA = (C – C’)/C’ or (D – D’)/D’
Fold change correlation – Log2 (A/B)
Relative accuracy score (RA) analyzed based on two titration samples C and D
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 21
MAQC: Experimental Design Difference
MAQC sampleTotal RNA
Replicate2
Replicate1
Replicate3
System Level MeasurementOn genes
Panomics QuantiGene® TaqMan®
MAQC sampleTotal RNA
cDNA
Replicate1
Replicate3
Replicate4
Replicate2
Single RT Reaction
Technical Replicates on genes
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 22
Assay Precision All 224 shared genes between QGN and TAQ
TaqManQuantiGene
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 23
Assay Accuracy
Percent Difference between actual & predicted for sample C and D
181 shared genes that are detectable in both A & B
TaqManQuantiGene
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 24
Summary for MAQC
QuantiGene® outperforms qPCR in precision and accuracy
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 25
Key Application
1) RNAi2) Microarray follow up3) Biomarker study4) Target validation5) Primary and Secondary Screening
Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary
Powerful single-cell level profiling tool:Multiplex in Situ Detection of Single mRNA Transcripts
QuantiGene ViewRNA
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 27
Current gene expression analysis
Measure average RNA transcription in a population of cells
Northern blot SAGE Real time RT-PCR Microarray
When these are useful: Cell expressing the gene of interestare present as a considerable portion of the total cell population
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 28
Why we care about RNA transcription in single cell?
1) Early detection and molecular profiling of the cancer-causing cells at early stage of tumor growth will result in better prognosis.
2) Molecular profiling of disseminated tumor cells in post-operation patient will allow more accurate systemic adjuvant therapy
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 29
Single cell transcription analysis
Current Methods:1. Single cell PCR
Laser capture of single cell
capture RNAPCR amplification
Complicated procedure, limited cell number
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 30
Single cell transcription analysis
Current Methods:2. In situ PCR
Low reproducibility, high background, low sensitivity
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 31
Single cell transcription analysis
Current Methods:3. Tyramide signal amplification for ISH
Very easy to be contaminated; Endogeneous Biotin can generate increased background; Probe several kb in length
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 32
Single cell transcription analysis
Current Methods:4. Combination of multiple
fluorescent probes
Only good for nuclear RNA, Complicated instrument and special software required to dig out signal from high background, not practical
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 33
Problems of the existing technology
Low sensitivity (50 copies for most of the current technology); >80% of the gene expressed at level of <50 copies/cell
Low reproducibilityTime consuming (2 days)Single plex Low throughputHigh background
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 34
Multiplex Analysis of Gene Expression in Single Cells
Panomics Solution
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 35
What Panomics Can Offer
Problem of Existing TechnologyLow sensitivity (>50 copies)Single PlexTime-consuming protocolHigh backgroundLow throughputAutomation impossible
What Panomics Can Offer
High sensitivity (1 copy)Multiplex9am-5pm protocolExcellent Signal-to-noise ratioHigh throughputAutomation doable
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 36
How it works QuantiGene ViewRNA
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 37
Assay Validation
16X AMP 1X AMP10 μm
Z ZLeft set Right set 18S sense probe
Simultaneous signal amplification and background reduction
Z___Left
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 38
Single Copy mRNA Detection in Multiplex Assay Format
Assay can be used to detect multiple RNAs simultaneouslyand to compare levels of expression in single cell
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 39
Distribution of Her-2 mRNA
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 40
Proving Single Copy Nucleic Acid Sensitivity
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 41
Detection of HCV RNA
Huh7 - HCV Replicon Huh7 + HCV Replicon
40X
64X
18S in Red HCV in Green
Collaboration with Stanford to show pecificity of our assay
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 42
Time Course of PMA Induction in HeLa – IL-6 and IL-8
0 hr 0.5 hr 1 hr 2 hr 4 hr 8 hr
IL-8 / 18S / DAPI
IL-6 / 18S / DAPI
• Transcriptional heterogeneity• Induction kinetics at the single cell level
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 43
Specifications
Limit of Detection: 1 mRNA copy per cellCompatible Sample Types:
Cultured cells (adherent or suspension)Blood cellsTissues (coming soon)
Plex Level: 2Assay Format: Microscope slides or multi-well platesDetection: Fluorescent or chromogenic
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 44
Key Applications
Transcriptional HeterogenityRNAi Delivery and KnockdownBiomarker StudiesReporter Gene Screening – high throughputMolecular Pathology – clinical tissue applicationStem Cell Differentiation – gene profiling at different
differentiation stageCell BiologyNeurobiology
Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary
Protein Profiling: Cytokine and Transcription Factor Luminex
Assays
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 46
How it works
A 2.5-hour assay
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 47
Procarta Cytokine Kits: the complete solution
• Optimized buffers without dilution
• Sample flexibility: supernatant, serum, plasma and
tissues (intracellular cytokine)
• Simultaneous measurement for protein and gene
expression
• Competitive Price
• Fixed panel or fully customized
• Sensitivity; 1pg/ml
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 48
IL-1b Protein & mRNA Expression in LPS-induced U937 cells
-100
0
100
200
300
400
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10min
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1 h 2 h 4 h 8 h 16h
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+ LPS
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0
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Rel
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Protein IL-1B
mRNA IL-1B
IL-6 Protein & mRNA Expression in LPS-induced U937 cells
-5000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
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0 5min
10min
20min
30min
1 h 2 h 4 h 8 h 16h
24h
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+ LPS
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-10
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Protein IL-6
mRNA IL-6
IL-8 Protein & mRNA Expression in LPS-induced U937 cells
-5000
0
5000
10000
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30000
35000
0 5min
10min
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1 h 2 h 4 h 8 h 16h
24h
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Protein IL-8
mRNA IL-8
TNFa Protein & mRNA Expression in LPS-induced U937 cells
-100
0
100
200
300
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10min
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1 h 2 h 4 h 8 h 16h
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Protein TNFa
mRNA TNFa
Simultaneous Measurement of RNA and Protein
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 49
Protein standards come with the kit
Human Cytokine 20plex in cell culture media
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
Target concentration (pg/mL)
MFI
IL-1BetaIL-2IL-4IL-5IL-6IL-7IL-8IL-10IL-12p70IL-13IL-17IFNgGM-CSFTNF-alphaG-CSFMCP-1EOTAXINFGFBasicVEGF
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 50
H u m a n 2 0 -p l e x H u m a n 1 0 -p l e x M o u se 1 9 -p l e x M o u se 1 0 -p l e xIL -1 β IL -1 β IL -1 α IL -1 βIL -2 IL -2 IL -1 β IL -2IL -4 IL -6 IL -2 IL -6IL -5 IL -8 IL -3 IL -1 0IL -6 IL -1 0 IL -4 IL -1 2 (p 4 0 )IL -7 IL -1 2 (p 7 0 ) IL -5 IL -1 2 (p 7 0 )IL -8 IL -1 3 IL -6 IL -1 3
IL -1 0 IF N γ IL -1 0 IF N γIL -1 2 (p 7 0 ) G M -C S F IL -1 2 (p 4 0 ) G M -C S F
IL -1 3 TN F -α IL -1 2 (p 7 0 ) TN F -αIL -1 7 IL -1 7IF N g IL -1 3
G M -C S F K CTN F -α R A N TE SG -C S F IF N γ
M IP -1 β G M -C S FM C P -1 TN F -α
E O TA XIN M IP -1 αF G F b a s ic E O TA XIN
V E G F
Current Procarta® Cytokine Menu
Procarta Pre-formatted Cytokine Assays
Cytokines By RequestDesign your own panel and Panomics will create for you
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 51
Customized Panel: mix-and-order format
35 human cytokines to choose for customized panel
Human 33-plexIL-1β IL-1aIL-2 TNFβIL-4 TGFβ*IL-5 LeptinIL-6 Gro-aIL-7 MIP-1aIL-8 IP-10
IL-10 MIGIL-12(p70) PDGF-bb
IL-13 ENA-78IL-17 MCP-3IFNg NGF
GM-CSF IL-12p40TNF-αG-CSFMIP-1 βMCP-1
EOTAXINFGF basic
VEGF
35 human Cytokines
Mouse panel is also available
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 52
Disease panels in pipeline: the human panels
Adipose Tissue (Adipokine panel): Adiponectin, PAI-1 (active), PAI-1 (total), HGF, Leptin, MCP-1, Insulin, and NGF.
Endocrine Glands and Pancreas (Endocrine panel):Amylin(active), Amylin(total), C-RP, GLP-1(active), Glucagon, Leptin and Insulin
Cardivascular Disease:Adiponectin, MMP-9, PAI-1(total), ICAM-1, TIMP-1 and
MCP-1 Apolipoproteins panel:ApoAI, ApoAII, ApoB, ApoCII, and ApoCIII.FasL/Fas
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 53
Disease Panels in pipeline: The Mouse Panels
Adipose Tissue (Adipokine panel): Adiponectin, PAI-1 (active), PAI-1 (total), Leptin, MCP-1 and Insulin.
Endocrine Glands and Pancreas (Endocrine panel): Amylin(active), Amylin(total), GLP-1(active), Glucagon, Leptin and Insulin
Cardiovascular Disease: Adiponectin, MMP-9, PAI-1(total), ICAM-1, TIMP-1, and MCP-1
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 54
Procarta Transcription
Factor Plex Assay
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 55
Gene Expression Regulated by Multiple TFs
TF1GGGACTT
TF2GGCGGGG
TF3AACTAGGT
TF4ACTTGGG
TF5GGGGCGG
TF6TGGCCAT
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 56
Why TF Plex
Luminex:•Multiple Targets •Multiple Samples
ELISA- Multiple Samples
Array – Multiple Targets
Luminex
Multiple TargetsMultiple Samples
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 57
Diagram of TF Plex Assay- Part 1
Procedures
(1) Mix nuclear extracts and cell extracts with a library of biotin-labeling cis-element probes (TF binding sequences)
(2) Separate Protein/DNA complexes from free probes with a 96 well separation plate
(3) Denaturing Protein DNA complex will release the ds oligos and are captured in a collection plateSeparation Plate
Microtiter Plate
Collection Plate
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 58
Diagram of TF Plex Assay- Part 2
Procedures
(1) Denature double stranded oligos and hybridize to beads conjugated to anti-sense sequence
(2) Add Streptavidin PE
(3) Read plate on Luminex system
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 59
Key Benefits
• Panel 1= 40 most popular TFs, Panel 2= 43 more TF’s
• Easy separation of TF/Probe complexes from free probes with 96 well filter plates
• Most sensitive TF assay
• high throughput assay for measuring both multiple samples and multiple targets simultaneously
• Simple procedure
• Cost effective
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 60
Panel 1: 40 Most Popular TF Targets
RUNX/AML E2F1 ISRE PPARAP1 ELK1 MEF-2 PAX3 AP2 ER MYOD SMADAR ETS/PEA NF-1 STAT1
ATF2 FKHR-1 NFATc STAT3NF-Y GATA-1 NF-E1(YY1) STAT4CEBP GR/PR NF-E2 STAT5FAST1 HIF-1 NFKB1 NKX-2.5 C-MYB HNF1 OCT PAX5 CREB IRF1 P53 BRN3
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 61
Panel 2: 43 More TF Targets
AP3 HiNF Pit1AP4 HNF-3 Pur-1CAR KPF1 PXRCDP LEF1 PYRCEF1 LF-A1 RBCEF2 LyF RXRE12 MTF SRYE47 NPAS2 TCF/LEFElf-1 NRF-1 TFE3EVI-1 Pax4 TREF1, 2Gfi-1 Pax6 TTF1GKLF Pax8 USFH4TF Pbx1 WT1HFH-1
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 62
Summary
Transcription Factor Assays• Increased throughput for TF Profiling vs EMSA• Create your own plex set two panels of TFs (83 TFs total)• Custom Assay development available
Additional Multiplexed Assays• Gene Expression• Cytokine Assays• SH2 Protein Binding Domains
Ankit Patel, 3/7/2006 Panomics, Inc. Confidential & Proprietary 63
Summary
bDNA technology is FDA-approved and widely adopted in biological research, drug discovery & clinical trials
Proven performance in FDA-commissioned MAQC study demonstrating excellent correlation with qPCR & micro-array platforms
First total solution providing sensitive, accurate & precise measurements of genes from FFPE & Blood samples enabling retrospective & prospective studies
First in situ assay able to detect a single gene transcript in a single cell
Simultaneous multiplex Gene & Protein expression quantification from one system
Growing Procarta™ multiplex menu for protein biomarker profiling & quantification