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towards a
circular architecture May 2015
C
circular architecture
towards a circular architecture:
© Introduction
© Vision
© Approach
© About Dennis Hauer
© Work
Content
circular architecture From cradle…
circular architecture … to grave
circular architecture
The availability of virgin materials is decreasing fast. In such a rate that already for
some rare materials we have a few years left before we run out.
Besides the fact that we run out of new materials the harvesting of them also has
negative side effects which influence global warming, harm our ecology system and
threat our health.
The urban environment and the building practice takes up approximately 30% of the
material use.
We lost the connection to our natural environment and rely more and more to
technical solutions. Over the last years their is a rising attention to go back to a
biophilic approach with more attention to light, air and green.
Introduction
circular architecture
circular architecture
Towards a circular design architecture
In my opinion architects, advisors and builders should focus more on the closing of
cycles (materials, water, energy and ecology), creating a healthy indoor environment
and the role the building can play in harmony with it’s natural surroundings.
This circular design process asks for a new type of leader who has experience on the
closing of cycles and knows how to translate this into integral solutions together with
the design team.
Not just the adding up of the architectural idea, the building construction and
installations but a well organized concept that adds value to the location and
creates a healthy indoor environment with a minimum of energy.
Vision
circular architecture
circular architecture
My goal is to get the most ambition out of the available budget foe the project. A
sustainable design is about making choices and realizing what effect these choices
have on other topics. For instance a energyneutral building isn’t necessarily a healthy
building and a natural material like wood also could mean extra maintanace.
I always start with investigating the possibilities on all themes and discuss this with my
client. By this we can make choices and form an ambition which is realistic to the
budget. Even though not all the possibilities can be realized an optimum can be
formed between the different topics and elements can be taken into the project.
In my work I look at the following themes:
© Materials;
© Water;
© Energy;
© Biophilic design;
© Indoor health;
Approach
circular architecture Materials
Waste=Food
By closing biological circles we can save valuable natural resources. Next, when
choosing materials we look at the possibilities to create a closed circle. Natural
resources which are harvested in a good way, like fsc wood and bamboo, without
additional chemicals or VOC’s can be given back to nature and are often cheaper
because they are locally available. The added value of natural materials also
contributes to a healthier indoor climate, so building services can be designed
cheaper, for instance by using natural ventilation principles or local climatising
concepts where each user has control on the climate on his or her working place.
Upcycling
Not all materials can be used in a biological circle. For the materials which can’t be
used in a biological circle we look at the re-use of materials, for instance by designing
buildings according the IFD method (Industrial, Flexible, Demountable) All the building
components are prefabricated elements which can be re-used in another position or
for another function, so gluing and sealing is prevented. By minimizing fixed elements,
and working with light building structures our buildings can be put together in a fast
and effective way. This results into a flexible building, not only in use, but also flexible
to the future.
circular architecture Water
Living with water
The Dutch have a long relationship in their fight against water. Over the last years we
started to realize that we shouldn’t fight against, but work to live more in harmony
with the water.
A large part of the Netherlands is a Delta of 2 large European rivers and lies below sea
level. This means that not only the sea forms a threat, but also the rivers which come
from the European high lands. Almost 90% of the total population on earth lives in a
Delta area so faces the same challenges as the Dutch. Besides this climate change
also faces us with new challenges; heavy rains and longer dry periods.
This means we have to design our built environment in harmony with the water. Not
just protecting the land, but also look for possibilities to store water in periods of heavy
rains, and use it when it is dry. Solutions like wetlands and water squares provide this
storage, and green roofs reduce the amount of hard area.
From the buildings perspective we look at solutions to save water and re-use grey and
even black water so the use of clean water can be reduced.
circular architecture Energy
Efficiency/Optimize use of energy
To create integral building concept we look at the total life cycle of the building. The
first step is to optimize the use of energy in the building to make the building efficient
in use. We can have a look at the residual, sustainable installation concepts like low
temperature heating end the re-use of water, for instance by storing rain water and
use it in the building.
Effectiveness/Use renewable sources
A building always needs extra energy to function properly. If possible we will
investigate the use of renewable sources and how they can be used effectively, for
instance by use of earth warmth to heath a building or use the sun to generate
electricity. These measures will ask for extra investments which can be earned back
on the exploitation of the building.
circular architecture Biophilic design
Design by nature
What if we would design buildings where the human takes a central position? A
building with optimal use of natural daylight, a good indoor quality with fresh air and
non polluting materials, good acoustics and embedded in harmony with it’s
surroundings.
By creating green roofs and/or facades we can continue the landscape and urban
conditions into the building. This resolves in valuable space, not only for plants or
animals, but also as an added value for the users by creating a roof garden for break-
out space or an atrium as a meeting space. A green roof also creates extra insulation
and storage of water. The position of the sun and existing natural structures, like trees,
can be used to protect the building from the sun and as a result overheating. This
means mechanical ventilation or additional cooling isn’t necessary.
circular architecture Indoor health
Designing a sustainable building is more then adding sustainable solutions to a
building.
The Indoor Environment as from an Architectural and/or Environmental Psychology
perspective describes the “experience” or spatial comfort of the space under
consideration which includes aspects like: lines of sight, color, balance between day-
and artificial light, view, well being, etc.
The Indoor Environment aspects can be placed in a modified pyramid of Maslov,
beginning with protection of people against the (hostile) external environment, Indoor
Environment from a health point of view (IAQ), Indoor Environment from a thermal
comfort point of view, Indoor Environment from an Architectural Point of View, Indoor
Environment from an Environmental Psychology Point of View and finally the highest
level: the Indoor Environment as a place for Social Interaction: that what the building
is intended for.
All the aspects should work as a total and every taken measure should add to this.
circular architecture
© MrSc. and registered architect since 2002
© Working experience: © Royal Haskoning (2000-2010)
© De Zwarte Hond (2010-2011)
© Aldus bouwinnovatie (2011-2013)
© KOW (2013-2014)
© Worked with Michael Braungart on translating C2C to the built environment
My added value lies in the design of healthy and comfortable buildings which are
energy efficient. My expertise lies in the architectural design using natural elements
like daylight and green solutions. Also the use of circular concepts and the closing of
material cycles is part of my expertise. I am well experienced in translating the
sustainable design features into a sustainable business case.
By using urban surroundings and conditions for the design, and looking at factors like
orientation, influence of the sun, and making use of existing natural elements the
design can work in harmony with the environment.
My strength lies in combining knowledge in my projects and getting the best out of
the different parties involved in the design process. I am convinced that a sustainable
building can only be realized when it is the result of an integrated design approach.
Working together, communicating and staying critical at each other’s work is
essential to be successful.
About Dennis Hauer
circular architecture Work
From concept to realization…
circular architecture Clink 3 - Amsterdam
Facts:
Project: redevelopment existing Shell lab to a 750 bed Clink hostel
Status: in progress
Period: October 2014-June 2015
Role: architect of record (design by ZZDP/ILA)
Partners: Mt bouwmanagement / Barten / Starbed
Circular because:
© Reuse of an existing structure
© Upgrade of energy efficiency of the building (roof, floor, windows)
© Innovative decentral ventilation/heathing/cooling system
© Integrated design and engineeringsproject (turnkey)
© IFD building; Use of prefebricated elements (bathrooms)
circular architecture De Krakeling - Arnhem
Facts:
Project: sustainable renovation of exsting schoolbuilding
Status: in progress
Period: October 2014-…
Role: architect and sustainability advisor
Partners: Gemeente Arnhem
Circular because:
© Reuse of an existing structure
© Energy efficiënt & healthy building (frisse scholen B)
© Decentral ventilation and heathing system
© Passive cooling
© Redesign interior
© Optimize floorplans
© Optimize exploitation (maintanance, energy bill, cleaning)
circular architecture
Facts:
Project: Concept & development strategy Fiar World hotel
Status: in progress
Period: October 2014-2015
Role: architect and sustainability advisor
Partners: Unternehmen a la Carte, Shapefruit
Circular because:
© People, Planet & profit in balance
© Reuse of an existing structure
© Innovative hotel concept based on interaction
© Creating a healthy and green indoor environment
© Innovation platform; the concept evolves during time
Fair World hotel
circular architecture The Greenhouse - Capelle
Facts:
Project: redevelopment Comenius college to working/meeting building
Status: delivered
Period: 2014
Role: architect and sustainable advisor (KOW)
Partners: Kavel vastgoed
Circular because:
© Reuse of an existing structure
© Use greenhouse concept for energy efficiency, covered public space and as PR
image (attractor)
© Urban roof garden
© Green facades for extra insulation and biodiversity
circular architecture IKC Houthavens - Amsterdam
Facts:
Project: IKC Spaarnerdammerhout, Houthavens
Status: delivered
Period: October 2011-2014
Role: sustainable advisor (Aldus)
Partners: Marlies Rohmer / Drost engineering
Circular because:
© Energyneutral and healthy (frisse scholen A on all levels) schoolbuilding
© Integrated school garden on first floor balcony
© Green roof garden for daycare playground
circular architecture Best Western- Gouda
Facts:
Project: interior design 4 star hotel
Status: delivered
Period: October 2012
Role: architect
Partners: Best Western / MAARS
Circular because:
© Interior concept based on modular system (walls/bathroom elements)
© IFD demountable or upgradable elements
© Local design by adding of wall decorations from Gouda history
circular architecture
Facts:
Project: sustainable concepts tender PI Zaanstad
Status: delivered
Period: 2012
Role: sustainable advisor (Aldus)
Partners: BAM pps
Circular because:
© Combing sustainable measures into integrated concepts
© Sustainable businesscase (concepts have to pay back)
© Green concepts combined with activities (urban garden, bee stack)
Sustainable PI- Zaanstad
circular architecture KEMA- Arnhem
Facts:
Project: new KEMA office
Status: delivered
Period: 2010-2011
Role: architect / sustainable advisor (De Zwarte Hond)
Partners: KEMA / DEERNS
Circular because:
© BREEAM Excellent
© Passive cooling by natural shading
© Optimal building structure
© Use of heath from existing KEMA plant (left over heath)
circular architecture Produs- Arnhem
Facts:
Project: praktijkschool Produs Arnhem
Status: delivered
Period: October 2008-2010
Role: architect (Royal Haskoning)
Partners: Gemeente Arnhem / Quadraam / Giesbers
Circular because:
© Optimal use of space (bridge dike incorperated in building)
© Double use of space (gym on 3rd floor)
© Inviting for the neighborhood (students run shop)
© Use of natural- and healthy materials
© Wetland for water storage
circular architecture UNIS- Hanoi (VN)
Facts:
Project: extension United Nations International School Hanoi
Status: delivered
Period: October 2008-2011
Role: architect (Royal Haskoning)
Partners: RH Vietnam / Unicom
Circular because:
© Efficient use of materials
© Passive cooling by (natural) shading
© Design on site; students and teachers/staff involved in design process
© Buildings are part of the curriculum (greenhouse / theatre / exhibition space)
circular architecture Gelre hospital- Zutphen
Facts:
Project: new hospital and GGZ Zutphen
Status: delivered
Period: 2004-2010
Role: architect(Royal Haskoning)
Partners: RH as total engineer / Wiegerinck / Trebbe
Circular because:
© Optimized use of space (70% of existing hospital)
© Very small footprint
© Double use of sdpace (parking underneath hotfloor)
© IFD building; demountable hotfloor structure
© Cure & care concept formed the base of design (healing environment)
© Landscape design with enclosed gardens
© Color plan also shows direction (desktop model)
© Energy efficient
© Innovative façade design (demountable system by CRH)
circular architecture ROC- Almelo
Facts:
Project: new building for ROC van Twente in Almelo
Status: delivered
Period: 2002-2006
Role: architect (Royal Haskoning)
Partners: ROC van Twente / SBM bouwmanagement / BAM / LEEBO
Circular because:
© Small building footprint (20% of total foor area)
© Double use of space (lowered parking garage / bicycle storage)
© Energy efficient (atrium concept)
© Atrium as central meeting space
© Flexible building (flexible walls and building installations)
© Innovative demountable façade system (engineered with LEEBO)
circular architecture Schiphol Logistics Park
Facts:
Project: urban plan Logistic area
Status: delivered
Period: 2002-2008
Role: architect (Royal Haskoning)
Partners: SADC
Circular because:
© 25% of total ground will be built
© 75% will be green area / ecological grounds
© Optimalization of building area by double use of space
© Public transport system
circular architecture Social Housing- IJsselstein
Facts:
Project: social housing block Zenderpark
Status: delivered
Period: 2000
Role: designer (Jean Deser.rem)
Circular because:
© Wooden structure and façade
© Optimized on sun (different from urban plan)
© IFD structure is demountable
© Low maintenance (no painting of wood)
© Energy efficient
© Extra public space behind garden (playground)