Towards a New Standard ModelTowards a New Standard Model

IUPAPWorking Group 9

JULY 2, 2010

Stuart FreedmanUniversity of California at Berkeley

andLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Yukawa Nambu Glashow-Salam-Weinberg

Quantum Field Theory -- Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

Standard Model Lagrangian

Simple!

L =

Standard Model

PDG 2000 + SNO + SK

(3) < 1< 2 < (3)

Constituent Masses

ATLAS at LHC

CMS at LHC

Enormous Detectors are Poised to Discover the Higgs Boson

D0 at FNAL

The Key is Broken Symmetries

€

d '

s'

b '

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟=

Vud Vus Vub

Vcd Vcs Vcb

Vtd Vts Vtb

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

d

s

b

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

MC

K

CKM Phenomenology

€

uL

′ d L

⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎞

⎠ ⎟

€

cL

′ s L

⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎞

⎠ ⎟

€

tL

′ b L

⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎞

⎠ ⎟

€

| ′ d L >= Vud | dL > +Vus | sL > +Vub | bL >

Quarks

€

Vud Vus Vub

Vcd Vcs Vcb

Vtd Vts Vtb

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟=

c12c13 s12c13 s13e−iδ

−s12c23 − c12s23s13eiδ c12c23 − s12s23s13e

iδ s23c13

s12s23 − c12c23s13eiδ −c12s23 − s12c23s13e

iδ c23c13

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

€

eL

ν e L

⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎞

⎠ ⎟

€

μL

ν μ L

⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎞

⎠ ⎟

€

τ L

ν τ L

⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎞

⎠ ⎟

€

|ν e L >= Ue1 |ν1L > +Ue 2 |ν 2L > +Ue 3 |ν 3L >

Leptons

€

U =

Ue1 Ue2 Ue 3

Uμ1 Uμ 2 U μ 3

Uτ 1 Uτ 2 Uτ 3

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

=

1 0 0

0 cosθ23 sinθ23

0 −sinθ23 cosθ23

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟×

cosθ13 0 e−iδ CP sinθ13

0 1 0

−e iδ CP sinθ13 0 cosθ13

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟×

cosθ12 sinθ12 0

−sinθ12 cosθ12 0

0 0 1

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟×

1 0 0

0 e iα / 2 0

0 0 e iα / 2+iβ

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata Matrix

Neutrino SectorNeutrino Sector

€

U =

Ue1 Ue2 Ue 3

Uμ1 Uμ 2 U μ 3

Uτ 1 Uτ 2 Uτ 3

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

=

1 0 0

0 cosθ 23 sinθ 23

0 −sinθ 23 cosθ 23

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟×

cosθ13 0 e−iδ CP sinθ13

0 1 0

−e iδ CP sinθ13 0 cosθ13

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟×

cosθ12 sinθ12 0

−sinθ12 cosθ12 0

0 0 1

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟×

1 0 0

0 e iα / 2 0

0 0 e iα / 2+iβ

⎛

⎝

⎜ ⎜ ⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟ ⎟

€

θ12 = (33.9−2.2+2.4 )°

€

θ23 = (45 ± 7)°

€

θ13 <13°

€

α =?

β = ?

€

δ =?

or ?

Normal or Inverted? Majorana or Dirac?

12

Double Beta Decay

2 0

13

Strategy for 0νββ

Energy distribution in 2νββ and 0νββ

= G(Q,Z) |Mnucl|2 <m2

€

mν = Uei

2

i =1

3

∑ miε i

Schönert

Current Picture of Double Beta Decay

Muon g-2

10Expt. 11659208.0 6.3 10 0.54 ppmaμ

Momentum

Spin

e

a

Measure a know B and understand many small effects

some 10th order examples:Some 10th order diagrams€

aμ =(g − 2)

2

€

aμ

Muon g-2

Theory: 0.48 ppm Experiment: 0.54 ppm

aμ(expt-thy) = (295±88) x 10-11 (3.4

μμe Conversion e Conversion

19

A. de Gouvea

??

?

Sindrum II

MEGA

MEG proposal

( , ) ( , )A Z e A Zμ

Nuclear Beta Decay and physics beyond the Standard Model

Muon Beta Decay

LRTVS

mneF eg

GM

,,,,

||)()(||2

4

μ

μμ

μ μ

)1(3)34(3

2)33(

)(cos0

2

2

xx

xxx

dxdx

d

θ

)34(

3

2)1(cos xxP δθμ

max,e

e

E

Ex

TWIST Experiment at Triumf

TWIST 2010

2.9 σ above 1.0

0+ to 0+ Nuclear Beta Decay

Gv=G|Vud|2

Hardy

Ion Traps Worldwide

Vud2+ Vus

2+ Vub2= 1

Test of Unitarity

…

Neutron Beta Decay

€

dΓ = dΓn 1+ bme

Ee

+ ar p e •

r p ν

Ee Eν

+ Aˆ σ n •

r p e

Ee

+ Bˆ σ n •

r p ν

Eν

+ Dˆ σ n •

r p e ×

r p ν

Ee Eν

⎡

⎣ ⎢

⎤

⎦ ⎥

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005820

840

860

880

900

920

940

.

neut

ron

lifet

ime

(τ),

s

year

878.50.8

World average

885.70.8

Neutron Beta Decay

UCNA at LANLNeutrons in North America:NISTLANL UCNSNS Triumf (plans)

Beta decay correlations in laser trapped atoms2 μA 25 MeV Proton beam88” Cyclotron

heatedMgO target

Atomic Beam

Slowing magnet

Ion Detector

MCPfor Shake-Off Detection

Trapping Laser Beams

24Mg(p,a)21Na

0.8mm

~300,000 21Na in a MOT

Neutral Atom TrappingTriumf-ISACBerkeleyArgonne Limits on tensor and scalar couplings

Electric Dipole Moment

Harvard/Sussex/ILL

|dn|< 3 x 10-26 ecm

SNS EDM experiment

Compiled by Ramsey-Musolf

Cold atom EDM

Radium isotopes

Capture and cool in a MOT

Load to a polarized dipole force trap

Pump to proper magnetic sublevel

Launch in a cold beam through

B and E interogation chamber

Detect spin rotation

ANL

http://www-mep.phy.anl.gov/atta/research/radiumedm.html

Ramsey Musolf

Present and Future Measurements of sin2θW

LANL Los AlamosLBNL BerkeleyBNL BrookhavenANL ArgonneSNOLABSUSL/DUSELNSCL Michigan StateTexas A&MandOther University Labs

JLABTriumf

FermiLab

North America