Towards Future 5G Mobile Networks - from Research to Standardization to ImplementationDr. Geng Wu

Chief Scientist, Wireless Standards and Advanced Technologies

geng.wu@intel.com

The evolution towards 5G: compute and communications

2

1G-4G were focused on improving communications

Market demands lead to 5G:

Communications & processing are diffused across networks and mobile devices

Scalability, Versatility, Energy Efficiency

Capacity, Intelligence and User Experience

5G = compute & communications

5G goals

3

5G

3G/4G

1x

Smart phones10x - 100x

Smart things

5G dynamically integrates compute and

communication for future generations of

applications and services

5G requires new network architecture to support

massive number of devices, and efficient SW/HW

platforms for both devices and networks

Capabilities Applications

5G scaling

4

10x

100x

1,000x

10,000x

Edge cloud shortens the distance between an user

and his contents/services. Data traffic, information,

and intelligence intensify around user.

Network and device scaling Ecosystem scaling

Ecosystem expands beyond traditional wireless

industry. Convergence of consumer electronics and

intelligent things.

IoT

Horizontal

M2M

Vertical Wearables

e.g. health

monitor

Performance targets

5

IoT 4G mmWave

Data rate Can be very low 100s Mbps 1-10 Gbps

Latency From 2 ms to hours Moderate 2 ms

Battery life Up to 10 years Smart phone Depends on app

Link budget Penetration Coverage High data rate

Multiple access Massive # of devices Smart phones Bursty/opportunistic

Network Overlay Hetnet Hetnet/underlay

5G

• 5G has to be designed as a system

• Compute + communication becomes a necessity

• Platform innovations enable applications/services innovations

5G technology elements

6

~20x

~25x

1x – 2x

3x – 5x

40x-50x

Last Decade Next Decade

Air Interface

Spectrum

ICT Platforms for

Network and

Devices

• Interference mitigation, beam-forming,

hyper-Tx/Rx, new waveforms/ coding

» Massive computing5x – 10x

• Licensed, unlicensed and shared spectrum.

• Air interface for high frequency bands

» New architecture/ new components

• Cell densification

• Overlay network integrated Multi-RAT

• Underlay network device-to-device, relay

• Intelligent network/edge cloud

» Communication and compute convergence

“5G Network Capacity – Key Elements and Technologies,” IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, March 2014

Wireless technology is at a turning point. Future performance is measured in bit/s/Hz/m2/joule.

5G trend 1:

Overlay networks for high frequency bands and energy saving

Control plane anchored at macro-cell, user plane from small cellsAvoid excessive handovers in traditional heterogeneous networks

Turn off selected cell sites at light traffic hoursIncremental small cell deployment according to traffic growth

Cellular band

mmWave

User experience for now, new RAT @ high frequency bands for future

Coverage for now, network energy saving for future

On OffOff

LTEWi-Fi

7

mmWave

backhaul

5G trend 2:

Underlay networks for things/wearables and proximity services

One big intelligent and information network

Compute, storage, networking

StorageContext-based

Processing

Smart Apps

D2D Coordinator

D2D UnicastLink

D2D Coordinator

D2D Broadcast

Link

Pico/HomeeNB

MacroeNB

Pico/HomeeNB

D2D UnicastLink

D2D Cluster #1

D2D Cluster #2

D2D Cluster #3

D2D Coordinator

D2D UnicastLink

D2D Cluster #0

Spatial Reuse in One Cell Area

D2D Broadcasting

Multi-hop

D2D Cluster #4

Mesh Data on WiFi DirectDiscovery and control on LTE

8

Many devices, types of devices, connections

Many moving underlay network clusters

5G trend 3:

Cloud Expansion to Network Edge and to Devices

Remote Cloud / Basic Terminal CDN / Cooperative Radio Edge Cloud / Underlay Net Clusters

9Logos shown represent categories of common Internet content and are used for conceptual illustration only.

Future standards development focus

10

Cross industries

Open industry implementation

Virtualization technology

Edge cloud/tight device coupling

New bands/new air interface

Underlay network clusters

Logos shown represent categories of common Internet content and are used for conceptual illustration only.

Cloud evolution of 5G networks

11General Performance disclaimer: For more complete information about performance and benchmark results, visit Performance Test Disclosure

453.85

11.26

265.38

10.2

Interrupt MAX Latency on Intel

Processors Trends (µs)

Xeon Sandy Bridge Xeon Ivy Bridge

OFF the Shelf, KVM

Wind River, OVP KVM

10x

100x

1,000x

10,000x

5G network capacity scaling

• Edge cloud shortens the distance between an user

and his contents/services, matches 5G air interface

capability.

• Data, information, and intelligence intensify around

user. Edge cloud efficiency becomes crucial.

• Cloud RAN architecture plays a pivot role in network

densification and cooperative networking.

• Real time workload for air interface related signal processing

requires complete hardware + software platform solutions.

Virtualization of 5G device and access

12

5G

Device + Access

Virtualization

Time

Co

mp

ute

Pla

tfo

rm

Pe

rfo

rma

nce

Feature

Phone

Smart

Phone

Portable

Wearable

5G

• Future applications require intensified compute and

communication but often smaller device form factor

• 5G high data rate + low latency radio links enable mobile

device + access virtualization across the air interfaces

• 5G services are immersive. Sensing, intelligence and contents

require edge cloud and device + access virtualization

• Breaking computing barrier through communication may

transform consumers’ relationship with network

5G device+access virtualization for scalability, versatility, energy efficiency

New frequency bands and spectrum sharing

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“Channel Model for millimeter-Wave Communications Based on Geometry Statistics”, IEEE GLOBECOM 2014

Hi-K Metal Gate

Strained Silicon

3D Transistors

65 nm 45 nm 32 nm 22 nm 14 nm 10 nm 7nm90 nm

5G research and technology development

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P5: Efficient Hardware/Software and Platforms

for 5G Network Elements and Devices

Intel Strategic

Research

Alliance on 5G

Summary

We are at a technology turning

point

Future generation wireless

technology development needs

broader collaboration amongst

industries and with universities

Compute and communications

need to come together to

deliver unprecedented user

experience

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